Distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device, method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device, method and application, and belongs to the field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring original seismic data by adopting a plurality of distributed seismic prospecting instruments, and storing the original seismic data by taking time as a label; the data processing center issues a single-shot segmentation extraction command to the plurality of distributed seismic detectors through the narrowband Internet, and the plurality of distributed seismic detectors segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation extraction command; when a segmentation and extraction ending command is received, the plurality of distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to a data processing center through a 5G network; and the data processing center synthesizes and stores a shot gather file. According to the invention, while the integrity of the seismic data is ensured, the transmission of invalid seismic data is effectively reduced, and the processing demand of a data processing center is reduced, so that the seismic data processing efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seismic exploration, specifically relating to a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device, method, and application. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic exploration is one of the main methods used in geophysical exploration. During seismic exploration, it is necessary to retrieve the raw seismic data collected by seismic instruments and process it. Seismic data processing involves using digital computers to process and modify the raw data obtained from field seismic exploration in order to obtain high-quality, reliable seismic information, providing intuitive and reliable evidence and relevant geological information for subsequent data interpretation.

[0003] Basically, a seismic data acquisition and processing system consists of a seismic data processing center, a high-performance computer, storage media, data retrieval devices, data transmission communication links, and seismic exploration instruments. The seismic data processing center and the raw data retrieval devices are connected via the data transmission communication links. Under the operation and control of the seismic data processing center, the seismic data retrieval equipment retrieves the raw data acquired by each seismic exploration instrument via a wired network, and then transmits it to the seismic data processing center via the data transmission communication links, where it is stored in the storage media. After receiving all the seismic data, the seismic data processing center searches the entire storage media for the seismic data acquired by each seismic data acquisition station corresponding to the corresponding seismic source (shot point), using the seismic source (shot point) as the basic unit. This data is then extracted and processed for seismic data segmentation, segmenting the seismic data acquired by each seismic data acquisition station according to the seismic source, using shot gather segmentation and trace gather segmentation. After segmentation, the data is further processed to form standard SEG format seismic data, which is then saved as data for geological exploration and analysis.

[0004] With the continuous upgrading of microprocessors and the significant advancements in IoT and 5G communication technologies, next-generation seismic exploration instruments can establish a distributed network to utilize their own computing power. Therefore, this invention provides a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device and method to improve processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device, method and application to improve the processing efficiency of seismic data.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 100: Collect raw seismic data using multiple distributed seismic probes and store the raw seismic data with time as the label;

[0009] Step 200: The data processing center sends a single-shot segmentation and extraction command to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband Internet. The multiple distributed seismic detectors segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command.

[0010] Step 300: Upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via the 5G network.

[0011] Step 400: The data processing center synthesizes and stores the gun collection file.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0013] In step 200, the data processing center sends single-shot segmentation and extraction commands to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband internet. Specific operations include:

[0014] Multiple distributed seismic detectors are connected to the data processing center via a narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) network in a MESH+ star topology. The seismic detectors are usually in a state of waiting to receive data.

[0015] During idle periods when the seismic source is not being triggered, the data processing center sends single-shot segmentation and extraction commands to the seismic detectors via broadcast, and sends them three times in succession.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0017] In step 200, multiple distributed seismic detectors segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command. Specific operations include:

[0018] Upon receiving the single-shot segmentation and extraction command, the seismic exploration instrument segments and extracts seismic data sequentially according to the command, and forms common receiver point shot gather data based on the set shot gather file size; no feedback message is required, and it continues to remain in receiving state, waiting for the excitation parameters of the next shot;

[0019] When the data processing center sends a termination command via broadcast, multiple distributed seismic detectors cease operation.

[0020] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0021] In step 300, upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via a 5G network. Specific operations include:

[0022] When multiple distributed seismic probes receive the command to end segmentation and extraction from the data processing center, the seismic probes transmit the generated common receiver shot set data back to the data processing center in parallel, starting from the track number and station number, via the 5G network.

[0023] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0024] In step 300, upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via a 5G network. Specific operations also include:

[0025] The data processing center identifies, classifies, and stores the recovered common-detector shot gather data, marks the data that was not recovered, and compiles statistics and reports on seismic probes that did not recover data and those with missing data.

[0026] The present invention further comprises:

[0027] Step 4: The data processing center synthesizes and stores the shot collection files. Specific operations include:

[0028] When the data processing center collects data in parallel, it reads the track data corresponding to the current shot point in ascending order of offset distance, and performs corresponding task operations on the track data according to the task information recorded in the metadata file of the shot point to obtain the processed single-shot data; the processed single-shot data is then written to the hard disk.

[0029] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0030] The metadata file for the firing points is generated by the data processing center based on the firing files and relational files.

[0031] A second aspect of the present invention provides a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction apparatus, comprising:

[0032] Multiple distributed seismic probes are used to acquire raw seismic data and store the raw seismic data with time tags; and to segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command sent by the data processing center, and to form common receiver shot gather data according to the set shot gather file size; and to transmit the common receiver shot gather data back to the data processing center through the 5G network.

[0033] The data processing center is used to broadcast single-shot segmentation and extraction commands and end-segmentation and extraction commands to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband Internet; to receive common-detector shot gather data transmitted by multiple distributed seismic detectors via 5G network; and to synthesize and store shot gather files.

[0034] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the above-described distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction method in seismic data segmentation and extraction.

[0035] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the application of the above-described distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device in seismic data segmentation and extraction.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] In this invention, raw seismic data collected by multiple distributed seismic probes is stored locally with time as the tag, thereby enabling rapid retrieval of target data. At the same time, the seismic data from all connected seismic probes is effectively segmented and extracted through broadcasting via narrowband Internet of Things. The segmented data is then collected by the 5G network and provided to the data processing center for rapid synthesis of the final shot collection file.

[0038] This invention ensures the integrity of seismic data while effectively reducing the transmission of invalid seismic data, lowering the processing requirements of data processing centers, and thus greatly improving the efficiency of seismic data processing. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the seismic data segmentation and extraction method in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041]

Example 1

[0042] This invention provides a method for seismic data segmentation and extraction, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0043] Step 100: Collect raw seismic data using multiple distributed seismic probes and store the raw seismic data with time as the label;

[0044] Step 200: The data processing center sends a single-shot segmentation and extraction command to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband Internet. The multiple distributed seismic detectors segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command.

[0045] Step 300: Upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via the 5G network.

[0046] Step 400: The data processing center synthesizes and stores the gun collection file.

[0047] In this invention, raw seismic data collected by multiple distributed seismic probes is stored locally with time as the tag, thereby enabling rapid retrieval of target data. At the same time, the seismic data from all connected seismic probes is effectively segmented and extracted through broadcasting via narrowband Internet of Things. The segmented data is then collected by the 5G network and provided to the data processing center for rapid synthesis of the final shot collection file.

[0048] This invention ensures the integrity of seismic data while effectively reducing the transmission of invalid seismic data, lowering the processing requirements of data processing centers, and thus greatly improving the efficiency of seismic data processing.

[0049]

Example 2

[0050] Step 100: Collect raw seismic data using multiple distributed seismic probes, and store the raw seismic data with time tags.

[0051] Since the main controllers of multiple distributed seismic exploration instruments still have a significant gap in computing power compared to the data processing center, in order to achieve rapid search and segmentation of the acquired raw seismic data, it is necessary to prioritize the information labeled by time when storing the raw seismic data.

[0052] Analysis suggests a search order of minutes, seconds, and hours, requiring a minimum of 73,224 searches. Therefore, the search priority is minutes, seconds, and hours. Consequently, this invention stores raw seismic data using minute, second, and hour index labels.

[0053] In this invention, the number of searches can be reduced by re-establishing time tags.

[0054] Taking 24-hour tags, 60-minute tags, and 60-second tags as examples, the number of comparisons for finding h:d:s combinations within the entire set of 24*60*60 combinations, with different search orders, is as follows:

[0055] (1) Seconds, minutes, hours:

[0056] Among 24*60*60 combinations, find combinations where the second is 's'; there are 24*60 combinations that satisfy this condition. Among the 24*60 combinations, find combinations where the minute is 'd'; there are 24 combinations that satisfy this condition. Among the 24 combinations, find combinations where the hour is 'h'; there is 1 combination that satisfies this condition. That is, searching for h:d:s requires 24*60*60 + 24*60 + 24 = 87864 comparisons.

[0057] (2) Seconds, hours, minutes:

[0058] Among 24*60*60 combinations, find combinations where the second is 's'; there are 24*60 combinations that satisfy this condition. Among 24*60 combinations, find combinations where the hour is 'h'; there are 24 combinations that satisfy this condition. Among 60 combinations, find combinations where the minute is 'd'; there is 1 combination that satisfies this condition. Therefore, the search is s:h:m, and the total number of search comparisons is 24*60*60 + 24*60 + 60 = 87900.

[0059] (3) Minutes, hours, and seconds:

[0060] Among 24*60*60 combinations, find combinations with a fraction of 'd'; 24*60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among these 24*60 combinations, find combinations with an hour of 'h'; 60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among these 60 combinations, find combinations with a second of 's'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, searching for d:h:s requires a total of 24*60*60 + 24*60 + 60 = 87900 searches.

[0061] (4) Minutes, seconds, hours:

[0062] Among 24*60*60 combinations, find combinations with a fraction of 'd'; 24*60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24*60 combinations, find combinations with a second of 's'; 60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24 combinations, find combinations with an hour of 'h'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, searching for d:s:h requires a total of 24*60*60 + 24*60 + 24 = 87864 searches and comparisons.

[0063] (5) Hours, minutes, and seconds:

[0064] Among 24*60*60 combinations, find combinations with time value 'h'; 60*60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among these 60*60 combinations, find combinations with minute value 'd'; 60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among these 60 combinations, find combinations with second value 's'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, the search is h:d:s, requiring a total of 24*60*60 + 60*60 + 60 = 90060 comparisons.

[0065] (6) Hours, seconds, minutes:

[0066] Among 24*60*60 combinations, find combinations with hour value 'h'; 60*60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 60*60 combinations, find combinations with second value 's'; 60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 60 combinations, find combinations with minute value 'd'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. That is, searching for h:s:d requires a total of 24*60*60 + 60*60 + 60 = 90060 searches and comparisons.

[0067] Considering that the actual firing interval is about 10 seconds, the number of second tags per minute is not 60; let's assume it's 50.

[0068] Find the h:d:s combination from a total of 24*60*50 combinations of 24-hour tags, 60-minute tags, and 50-second tags. Statistics on the number of comparisons for different search orders are as follows:

[0069] (1) Seconds, minutes, hours:

[0070] Among 24*60*50 combinations, find combinations where the second is 's'; 24*60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24*60 combinations, find combinations where the minute is 'd'; 24 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24 combinations, find combinations where the hour is 'h'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, the search is s:d:h, requiring a total of 24*60*50 + 24*60 + 24 = 73464 comparisons.

[0071] (2) Seconds, hours, minutes:

[0072] Among 24*60*50 combinations, find combinations where the second is 's'; 24*60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24*60 combinations, find combinations where the hour is 'h'; 60 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 60 combinations, find combinations where the minute is 'd'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, searching for s:h:d requires a total of 24*60*50 + 24*60 + 60 = 73500 searches and comparisons.

[0073] (3) Minutes, hours, and seconds:

[0074] Among 24*60*50 combinations, find combinations with a fraction 'd'; 24*50 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 24*50 combinations, find combinations with an hour 'h'; 50 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 50 combinations, find combinations with a second 's'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, searching for d:h:s requires a total of 24*60*50 + 24*50 + 50 = 73250 searches and comparisons.

[0075] (4) Minutes, seconds, hours:

[0076] Among 24*60*50 combinations, find combinations with a fraction of 'd'; 24*50 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24*50 combinations, find combinations with a second of 's'; 24 combinations satisfy this condition. Among 24 combinations, find combinations with an hour of 'h'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, searching for d:s:h requires a total of 24*60*50 + 24*50 + 24 = 73224 searches and comparisons.

[0077] (5) Hours, minutes, and seconds:

[0078] Among 24*60*50 combinations, find combinations with time as 'h'; 60*50 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 60*50 combinations, find combinations with minutes as 'd'; 50 combinations satisfy this condition. Among the 50 combinations, find combinations with seconds as 's'; 1 combination satisfies this condition. Therefore, the search is h:d:s, requiring a total of 24*60*50 + 60*50 + 50 = 75050 comparisons.

[0079] (6) Hours, seconds, minutes:

[0080] Find combinations with hour value 'h' among 24*60*50 combinations; 60*50 combinations satisfy this condition. Find combinations with second value 's' among 60*50 combinations; 60 combinations satisfy this condition. Find combinations with minute value 'd' among 60 combinations; 1 combination satisfies this condition. That is, search for h:s:d. The total number of search comparisons is 24*60*50 + 60*50 + 60 = 75060.

[0081] In summary, theoretically, with 24-hour tags, 60-minute tags, and 60-second tags, the search order of seconds, minutes, and hours, and minutes, seconds, and hours, respectively, results in the fewest total comparisons, both at 87,864. However, considering practical considerations, it is recommended to use the minutes, seconds, and hours search order, which results in at least 73,224 comparisons.

[0082]

Example 3

[0083] Step 200: The data processing center sends single-shot segmentation and extraction commands to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband internet. The multiple distributed seismic detectors then segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction commands. Specific operations include:

[0084] Multiple distributed seismic detectors are connected to the data processing center via a narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) network in a MESH+ star topology. The seismic detectors are usually in a state of waiting to receive data.

[0085] During idle periods when the seismic source is not being triggered, the data processing center sends single-shot segmentation and extraction commands to the seismic detectors via broadcast at 30-second intervals, and sends them three times in a row.

[0086] Upon receiving the single-shot segmentation and extraction command, the seismic exploration instrument segments and extracts seismic data sequentially according to the command, and forms common receiver point shot gather data based on the set shot gather file size; no feedback message is required, and it continues to remain in receiving state, waiting for the excitation parameters of the next shot;

[0087] When the data processing center sends a termination command via broadcast, multiple distributed seismic detectors cease operation.

[0088] The format of the single-shot segmentation and extraction command message is shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1

[0090] Order Serial Number Starting channel number End of Daoist term Starting station number End of chainage Start time End time 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes 2 bytes

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the default size of the shot set file is 1000 shots. If there are broadcast message sequence numbers that have not been received, fill in 0 and add them later.

[0092]

Example 4

[0093] Step 300: Upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via the 5G network. Specific operations include:

[0094] When multiple distributed seismic exploration instruments receive the end segmentation and extraction command sent by the data processing center, the seismic exploration instruments transmit the generated common receiver shot set data back to the data processing center in parallel, starting from the track number and station number, through the 5G network.

[0095] The data processing center performs routine operations such as identification, classification, and storage based on the recovered common-detector shot gather data, marks the data that has not been recovered, compiles statistics on the seismic instruments that have not been recovered and the seismic instruments with missing data and generates reports, and conducts manual data recovery via wired connection.

[0096]

Example 5

[0097] Step 400: The data processing center synthesizes and stores the shot collection file. Specific operations include:

[0098] First, the data processing center generates metadata files for all blasting points based on the blasting files and relationship files;

[0099] Secondly, when the data processing center collects data in parallel, it reads the track data corresponding to the current shot point in ascending order of offset distance, and performs corresponding task operations on the track data according to the task information recorded in the metadata file of the shot point to obtain the processed single-shot data; the processed single-shot data is then written to the hard disk.

[0100]

Example 6

[0101] This invention provides a distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device, comprising:

[0102] Multiple distributed seismic probes are used to acquire raw seismic data and store the raw seismic data with time tags; and to segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command sent by the data processing center, and to form common receiver shot gather data according to the set shot gather file size; and to transmit the common receiver shot gather data back to the data processing center through the 5G network.

[0103] The data processing center is used to broadcast single-shot segmentation and extraction commands and end-segmentation and extraction commands to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband Internet; to receive common-detector shot gather data transmitted by multiple distributed seismic detectors via 5G network; and to synthesize and store shot gather files.

[0104] In this invention, raw seismic data collected by multiple distributed seismic probes is stored locally with time as the tag, thereby enabling rapid retrieval of target data. At the same time, the seismic data from all connected seismic probes is effectively segmented and extracted through broadcasting via narrowband Internet of Things. The segmented data is then collected by the 5G network and provided to the data processing center for rapid synthesis of the final shot collection file.

[0105] This invention ensures the integrity of seismic data while effectively reducing the transmission of invalid seismic data, lowering the processing requirements of data processing centers, and thus greatly improving the efficiency of seismic data processing.

[0106] The above technical solution is only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, based on the principles disclosed in the present invention, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications, and not limited to the technical solutions described in the specific embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing description is only a preferred option and is not restrictive.

Claims

1. A distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 100: Collect raw seismic data using multiple distributed seismic probes and store the raw seismic data with time as the label; Step 200: The data processing center sends a single-shot segmentation and extraction command to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband Internet. The multiple distributed seismic detectors segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command. Step 300: Upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via the 5G network. Step 400: The data processing center synthesizes and stores the gun collection file.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 200, the data processing center sends single-shot segmentation and extraction commands to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband internet. Specific operations include: Multiple distributed seismic detectors are connected to the data processing center via a narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) network in a MESH+ star topology. The seismic detectors are usually in a state of waiting to receive data. During idle periods when the seismic source is not being triggered, the data processing center sends single-shot segmentation and extraction commands to the seismic detectors via broadcast, and sends them three times in succession.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 200, multiple distributed seismic detectors segment and extract seismic data according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command. Specific operations include: Upon receiving the single-shot segmentation and extraction command, the seismic exploration instrument segments and extracts seismic data sequentially according to the command, and forms common receiver point shot gather data based on the set shot gather file size; no feedback message is required, and it continues to remain in receiving state, waiting for the excitation parameters of the next shot; When the data processing center sends a termination command via broadcast, multiple distributed seismic detectors cease operation.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 300, upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via a 5G network. Specific operations include: When multiple distributed seismic probes receive the command to end segmentation and extraction from the data processing center, the seismic probes transmit the generated common receiver shot set data back to the data processing center in parallel, starting from the track number and station number, via the 5G network.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 300, upon receiving the command to end segmentation and extraction, multiple distributed seismic detectors transmit the segmented and extracted seismic data to the data processing center via a 5G network. Specific operations also include: The data processing center identifies, classifies, and stores the recovered common-detector shot gather data, marks the data that was not recovered, and compiles statistics and reports on seismic probes that did not recover data and those with missing data.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 4: The data processing center synthesizes and stores the shot collection files. Specific operations include: When the data processing center collects data in parallel, it reads the track data corresponding to the current shot point in ascending order of offset distance, and performs corresponding task operations on the track data according to the task information recorded in the metadata file of the shot point to obtain the processed single-shot data; the processed single-shot data is then written to the hard disk.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The metadata file for the firing points is generated by the data processing center based on the firing files and relational files.

8. A distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device, characterized in that, include: Multiple distributed seismic probes are used to acquire raw seismic data and store the raw seismic data with time labels; And according to the single-shot segmentation and extraction command sent by the data processing center, the seismic data is segmented and extracted, and common receiver point shot gather data is formed according to the set shot gather file size; And transmit the common-detector shot set data back to the data processing center via the 5G network; The data processing center is used to broadcast single-shot segmentation and extraction commands and end-segmentation and extraction commands to multiple distributed seismic detectors via narrowband Internet; to receive common-detector shot gather data transmitted by multiple distributed seismic detectors via 5G network; and to synthesize and store shot gather files.

9. The application of the distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction method as described in any one of claims 1-7 in seismic data segmentation and extraction.

10. The application of the distributed seismic data segmentation and extraction device as described in claim 8 in seismic data segmentation and extraction.

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