Anti-aging cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and provides an anti-aging cable and a preparation method thereof. The aging-resistant cable comprises a conductor, an insulating layer and a sheath layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of high-density polyethylene A, 35-45 parts of high-density polyethylene B, 20-25 parts of high-density polyethylene C, 15-20 parts of filler and 2-3 parts of auxiliaries, and the types of additives of the high-density polyethylene A, the high-density polyethylene B and the high-density polyethylene C are different. According to the technical scheme, the problem of insufficient aging resistance of the cable in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to an aging-resistant cable and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As the core carrier of electrical energy transmission and signal transmission, cables are widely used in key sectors of the national economy such as power systems, communication networks, rail transportation, construction engineering, and new energy equipment. Their operational stability directly affects the safe and reliable operation of related equipment and systems. In the selection of cable sheath materials, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has become one of the mainstream materials for cable sheaths due to its excellent mechanical strength, insulation properties, and good processability, while also offering the advantage of relatively low cost.

[0003] However, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lacks anti-aging functional groups in its molecular chains. During long-term service, it is susceptible to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, alternating hot and cold temperatures, and oxidative corrosion from oxygen, which can lead to degradation and cross-linking of the molecular chains. This manifests as powdering, cracking, and embrittlement on the surface of the sheath.

[0004] If the cable sheath layer has insufficient aging resistance, it will directly damage the cable's protective barrier. External moisture and corrosive media can easily penetrate into the cable, causing the insulation layer to deteriorate and leading to faults such as leakage and short circuits. In severe cases, it can even cause power outages and signal transmission failures. This not only significantly shortens the cable's service life and increases maintenance costs, but may also cause safety accidents such as fires and electric shocks, posing a serious threat to industrial production, residential electricity use, and public safety.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an aging-resistant cable. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention proposes an aging-resistant cable and its preparation method, which solves the problem of insufficient aging resistance of cables in related technologies.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes an aging-resistant cable, comprising a conductor, an insulation layer, and a sheath layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. The sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of high-density polyethylene A, 35-45 parts of high-density polyethylene B, 20-25 parts of high-density polyethylene C, 15-20 parts of filler, and 2-3 parts of additives. The high-density polyethylene A, high-density polyethylene B, and high-density polyethylene C contain different types of additives.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the conductor is made of copper.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the insulation layer is a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the additive for the high-density polyethylene A is carbon black, the additive for the high-density polyethylene B is a UV stabilizer, and the additive for the high-density polyethylene C is an antioxidant.

[0011] In the sheath layer of the aging-resistant cable of this invention, the additive in high-density polyethylene A is carbon black. Carbon black can efficiently reflect and scatter ultraviolet rays, preventing ultraviolet rays from penetrating the interior of the sheath layer and causing molecular chain free radical breakage. The additive in high-density polyethylene B is a UV stabilizer, which captures ultraviolet energy and converts it into harmless heat energy, forming a dual physical and chemical protective effect with the carbon black in high-density polyethylene A, blocking ultraviolet rays from damaging the sheath material. The additive in high-density polyethylene C is an antioxidant, which can capture active free radicals generated during the thermo-oxidative aging process of the sheath material, terminating the automatic oxidation cycle of the molecular chain, and effectively inhibiting the aging of the sheath material under high-temperature conditions. The three additives work synergistically and complement each other, achieving comprehensive coverage of aging caused by multiple factors such as light, heat, and oxygen, and improving the aging resistance of the cable.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the filler includes one or more of talc, carbon black, and calcium carbonate.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the filler is composed of carbon black and talc powder in a mass ratio of 1~2:4.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the packing material is a composite packing material, and the preparation method of the composite packing material includes the following steps: A1. Disperse the phenylaminosilane compound in a solvent, add carbon black, mix, concentrate, and dry to obtain composite carbon black; A2. Disperse the aluminate coupling agent in a solvent, add talc powder, mix, concentrate, and dry to obtain composite talc powder; A3. The composite carbon black and the composite talc are mixed to obtain the composite filler.

[0015] As a further technical solution, in step A1, the solvent is composed of anhydrous ethanol and water in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0016] As a further technical solution, in step A1, the mass ratio of the solvent to carbon black is 3 to 10:1, for example, it can be 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, preferably 5:1.

[0017] As a further technical solution, in step A1, the mixing time is 2 to 5 hours, for example, it can be 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, or 5 hours, preferably 3 hours.

[0018] As a further technical solution, in step A1, the mass ratio of the phenylaminosilane compound to carbon black is 2:25.

[0019] As a further technical solution, in step A2, the solvent is composed of anhydrous ethanol and water in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0020] As a further technical solution, in step A2, the mass ratio of the solvent to talc is 5~8:1, for example, it can be 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, preferably 5:1.

[0021] As a further technical solution, in step A2, the mixing time is 1 to 6 hours, for example, it can be 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, or 6 hours, preferably 1 hour.

[0022] As a further technical solution, in step A2, the mass ratio of the aluminate coupling agent to the talc powder is 3:50.

[0023] As a further technical solution, the phenylaminosilane compound includes one or two of aniline methyl methyl dimethoxysilane and aniline methyl triethoxysilane.

[0024] In the sheath layer of the aging-resistant cable of this invention, carbon black is treated with phenylaminosilane compounds, including anilinemethylmethyldimethoxysilane and anilinemethyltriethoxysilane, both of which are α-silanes. The silicon atom is separated from the phenylamino group by only one methylene group, resulting in low steric hindrance and rapid hydrolysis. The resulting composite carbon black can be uniformly dispersed in the matrix material, providing both reinforcement and physical UV shielding, thus improving the cable's aging resistance. Aluminate coupling agents are used to composite talc powder. Talc powder has a layered silicate structure; after composite treatment with aluminate coupling agents, its dispersibility in the polymer matrix is ​​significantly improved, and the layered structure can be uniformly oriented to form a physical barrier network, thereby enhancing the cable's aging resistance.

[0025] As a further technical solution, the additive is composed of an antioxidant, a lubricant, and an ultraviolet absorber in a mass ratio of 2~3:1.5:1.

[0026] As a further technical solution, the antioxidant includes one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and antioxidant 176, preferably antioxidant 1010.

[0027] As a further technical solution, the lubricant includes one or two of stearic acid and zinc stearate, preferably stearic acid.

[0028] The present invention adds a lubricant to the sheath layer of the aging-resistant cable. The lubricant can optimize the processing rheological properties, ensure the forming quality of the sheath layer, promote the uniform distribution of fillers, additives and other components in the substrate, and ensure that the sheath layer has uniform thickness and a smooth and defect-free surface.

[0029] As a further technical solution, the ultraviolet absorber includes one or more of ultraviolet absorber UV-327, ultraviolet absorber UV-531, and ultraviolet absorber UV-326, preferably ultraviolet absorber UV-327.

[0030] This invention also proposes a method for preparing an aging-resistant cable, comprising the following steps: S1. After extruding an insulating layer onto the conductor, a semi-finished product is obtained; S2. Mix the raw materials of the sheath layer evenly and extrude them onto the semi-finished product to obtain the aging-resistant cable.

[0031] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The sheath layer of the aging-resistant cable of this invention contains three types of high-density polyethylene with different additives, which can effectively improve the aging resistance of the cable. In the prior art, high-density polyethylene is widely used as a raw material for cable sheaths due to its good mechanical properties, but it suffers from insufficient aging resistance. To improve this problem, this invention uses high-density polyethylene A, high-density polyethylene B, and high-density polyethylene C with different additive types. These three materials work synergistically; due to their different additive types and complementary functions, they can resist the erosion caused by different aging factors, achieving protection against aging problems caused by multiple factors such as light, heat, and oxygen, effectively improving the aging resistance of the cable. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the following examples and comparative examples: High-density polyethylene A: The additive is carbon black, model CRP 100 RT BLACK; High-density polyethylene B: The additive is a UV stabilizer, model number 23050 B; High-density polyethylene C: The additive is an antioxidant, model number 4261 AG; Carbon black: average particle size is 400 mesh; Talc powder: average particle size is 325 mesh; Aluminate coupling agent: model LS-60.

[0034] Example 1 The sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of high-density polyethylene A, 35 parts of high-density polyethylene B, 20 parts of high-density polyethylene C, 15 parts of filler, and 2 parts of additives; The filler consists of carbon black and talc in a mass ratio of 1:4; the additives consist of antioxidant 1010, stearic acid and ultraviolet absorber UV-327 in a mass ratio of 2:1.5:1. A method for preparing an aging-resistant cable includes the following steps: S1. After extruding a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer over a copper conductor, a semi-finished product is obtained; S2. Mix the raw materials of the sheath layer evenly and extrude them onto the outside of the semi-finished product to obtain an aging-resistant cable.

[0035] Example 2 The sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts high-density polyethylene A, 40 parts high-density polyethylene B, 22 parts high-density polyethylene C, 18 parts filler, and 2.5 parts additives; The filler consists of carbon black and talc in a mass ratio of 1.5:4; the additives consist of antioxidant 1010, stearic acid and ultraviolet absorber UV-327 in a mass ratio of 2.5:1.5:1. A method for preparing an aging-resistant cable includes the following steps: S1. After extruding a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer over a copper conductor, a semi-finished product is obtained; S2. Mix the raw materials of the sheath layer evenly and extrude them onto the outside of the semi-finished product to obtain an aging-resistant cable.

[0036] Example 3 The sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of high-density polyethylene A, 45 parts of high-density polyethylene B, 25 parts of high-density polyethylene C, 20 parts of filler, and 3 parts of additives; The filler consists of carbon black and talc in a mass ratio of 1:2; the additives consist of antioxidant 1010, stearic acid and ultraviolet absorber UV-327 in a mass ratio of 3:1.5:1. A method for preparing an aging-resistant cable includes the following steps: S1. After extruding a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer over a copper conductor, a semi-finished product is obtained; S2. Mix the raw materials of the sheath layer evenly and extrude them onto the outside of the semi-finished product to obtain an aging-resistant cable.

[0037] Example 4 The preparation method of composite filler includes the following steps: A1. Aniline methyl methyl dimethoxysilane is dispersed in a solvent, carbon black is added, and after mixing for 3 hours, it is concentrated and dried to obtain composite carbon black; the mass ratio of aniline methyl methyl dimethoxysilane to carbon black is 2:25, the solvent is composed of anhydrous ethanol and water in a mass ratio of 5:1, and the mass ratio of solvent to carbon black is 5:1. A2. Disperse the aluminate coupling agent in a solvent, add talc powder, mix for 1 hour, concentrate, and dry to obtain composite talc powder; the mass ratio of aluminate coupling agent to talc powder is 3:50, the solvent is composed of anhydrous ethanol and water in a mass ratio of 5:1, and the mass ratio of solvent to talc powder is 5:1. A3. Mix composite carbon black and composite talc powder at a mass ratio of 1.5:4 to obtain composite filler; The difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is that the filler is replaced with an equal amount of the composite filler prepared by the above preparation method.

[0038] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 4 is that aniline methyl methyl dimethoxysilane is replaced with an equal amount of aniline methyl triethoxysilane.

[0039] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 4 is that aniline methyl methyl dimethoxysilane is replaced with an equal amount of KH-550 silane coupling agent.

[0040] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 4 is that the aluminate coupling agent is replaced with an equal amount of phthalate coupling agent NDZ-101.

[0041] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 1 differs in that the sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 107 parts of high-density polyethylene A, 18 parts of filler, and 2.5 parts of additives.

[0042] Experimental Example 1 The sheaths of the aging-resistant cables prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1 were aged at 170°C for 5 days. The tensile strength of the specimens before and after aging was tested according to the test method specified in GB / T 1040.2-2022. The test speed was 200 mm / min and the specimen type was 1A.

[0043] The test results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Performance test results of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Example 1

[0044] Table 1 shows that when the raw materials of the sheath layer contain high-density polyethylene A, high-density polyethylene B, and high-density polyethylene C with different additive types, the aging resistance of the cable can be improved. When composite carbon black obtained by treatment with phenylaminosilane compounds and composite talc obtained by treatment with aluminate coupling agents are added as fillers, the aging resistance of the resulting cable is even better.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aging-resistant cable, comprising a conductor, an insulation layer, and a sheath layer arranged sequentially from the inside out, characterized in that, The sheath layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of high-density polyethylene A, 35-45 parts of high-density polyethylene B, 20-25 parts of high-density polyethylene C, 15-20 parts of filler, and 2-3 parts of additives. The high-density polyethylene A, high-density polyethylene B, and high-density polyethylene C contain different types of additives.

2. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor is made of copper.

3. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer is a cross-linked polyethylene insulation layer.

4. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additive for high-density polyethylene A is carbon black, the additive for high-density polyethylene B is a UV stabilizer, and the additive for high-density polyethylene C is an antioxidant.

5. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler includes one or more of talc, carbon black, and calcium carbonate.

6. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filler is composed of carbon black and talc powder in a mass ratio of 1 to 2:

4.

7. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, The packing material is a composite packing material, and the preparation method of the composite packing material includes the following steps: A1. Disperse the phenylaminosilane compound in a solvent, add carbon black, mix, concentrate, and dry to obtain composite carbon black; A2. Disperse the aluminate coupling agent in a solvent, add talc powder, mix, concentrate, and dry to obtain composite talc powder; A3. The composite carbon black and the composite talc are mixed to obtain the composite filler.

8. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 7, characterized in that, The phenylaminosilane compound includes one or both of aniline methyl methyl dimethoxysilane and aniline methyl triethoxysilane.

9. The aging-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additives consist of antioxidants, lubricants, and ultraviolet absorbers in a mass ratio of 2~3:1.5:

1.

10. A method for preparing an aging-resistant cable, used to prepare an aging-resistant cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After extruding an insulating layer onto the conductor, a semi-finished product is obtained; S2. Mix the raw materials of the sheath layer evenly and extrude them onto the semi-finished product to obtain the aging-resistant cable.

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