Chinese torreya peeling separator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, particularly relates to a torreya grandis peeling separator, and solves the problem that torreya grandis resin is adhered to a roller to affect stable operation. The Chinese torreya peeling and separating machine comprises a machine body, a feeding opening is formed in the upper portion of the machine body, a peeling mechanism is sequentially arranged below the feeding opening, the peeling mechanism comprises two sets of rolling rollers which are rotationally connected into the machine body and are parallel to each other, a rolling and rubbing channel used for crushing Chinese torreya epicarp is formed between the rolling rollers, and the rolling rollers are driven by a first driver to rotate; the separating mechanism comprises a separating roller set rotationally connected into the machine body, the separating roller set is connected to the lower portion of the grinding and rubbing channel in a bearing mode, the epicarp can be further stripped, the epicarp and kernels can be output in a classified mode, and the separating roller set is driven by a second driver to rotate; the machine body is further provided with a low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure used for removing torreya grandis resin adhered to the grinding rollers and the separating roller set. The effect of effectively cleaning torreya grandis resin on the premise of not damaging torreya grandis kernels is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural product processing technology, and specifically relates to a peeling and separating machine for Torreya grandis. Background Technology

[0002] Torreya grandis, a rare and precious dried fruit unique to my country, has a hard kernel as its edible part, encased in a fleshy outer pericarp that is difficult to remove. After harvesting, Torreya grandis undergoes multiple processes including peeling, washing, and drying. Peeling is a crucial step affecting both efficiency and product quality. Traditional manual peeling is extremely inefficient, and the outer pericarp contains highly irritating and adhesive resins that can easily damage the skin on the hands. Therefore, mechanized peeling has become an inevitable requirement for the industry's development.

[0003] Currently, common mechanized peeling methods mainly rely on the principles of mechanical crushing and friction. Typical equipment includes a feed hopper mounted on a frame, one or more pairs of counter-rotating crushing rollers, and a screening or roller separator for separating the peel from the pit. During operation, the torreya nuts fall from the feed hopper into the gap between the crushing rollers, where the outer peel is broken and loosened by the squeezing and kneading action of the rollers. The mixture then falls into the separation mechanism, which uses the differences in size, weight, or coefficient of friction between the pit and the broken peel to sort them to different collection ports.

[0004] However, in existing machines, during continuous operation, the viscous resin extruded inevitably adheres to the working surfaces of the pressing rollers and separating rollers. The ever-thickening resin layer significantly alters the effective working diameter and surface morphology of the rollers, causing the preset pressing and separating gaps to deviate, resulting in inaccurate pressing pressure. In addition, uneven resin adhesion disrupts the dynamic balance of the rollers, leading to increased vibration and noise during equipment operation. Long-term operation will result in increased load fluctuations and energy consumption of the drive motor, making it impossible to guarantee long-term stable, efficient, and high-quality operation of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a torreya nut peeling and separating machine.

[0006] The objectives of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A torreya grandis peeling and separating machine includes a machine body, with a feed inlet at the top of the machine body, and below the feed inlet, the following components are arranged in sequence: The peeling mechanism includes two sets of parallel crushing rollers rotatably connected to the machine body. A crushing channel for crushing the outer peel of Torreya grandis is formed between the crushing rollers. The crushing rollers are driven to rotate by a first driver. The separation mechanism includes a separation roller assembly rotatably connected to the machine body. The separation roller assembly is located below the grinding channel and can further peel off the outer peel and separate the outer peel and the pit. The separation roller assembly is driven to rotate by a second driver. The machine body is also equipped with a low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure, which is used to remove the Torreya resin adhering to the crushing roller and the separating roller group.

[0007] This invention enables automated peeling and separation of Torreya grandis fruits. The fruits enter through the feed inlet and first pass through a crushing channel composed of two sets of counter-rotating rollers. The outer peel is crushed, achieving initial peeling. Subsequently, the kernel, with some peel remaining, along with the separated outer peel, falls into a lower separating roller group. Through friction between the separating rollers, the loosened outer peel is completely separated from the hard kernel, and the peel and fruit are guided out separately. Furthermore, this solution integrates a low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure. Low temperatures cause the resin adhering to the roller surface to become embrittled and shrink, making it easier to remove. Impact cleaning removes the resin and peel fibers adhering to the rollers, ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation of the equipment. This avoids problems such as reduced efficiency and kernel contamination caused by resin adhesion, achieving an integrated system of efficient peeling and separation with automated cleaning and maintenance.

[0008] In the aforementioned torreya bark peeling and separating machine, the low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure includes cleaning nozzles connected to a liquid carbon dioxide source. The cleaning nozzles are axially arranged on the side of the crushing roller or the separating roller group. The cleaning nozzles are inclined downward toward the crushing working surface of the crushing roller located downstream of the crushing channel, or inclined downward toward the separating working surface of the separating roller group. The machine body is provided with an exhaust port.

[0009] The cleaning nozzles spray a high-speed mixture of solid dry ice particles and gaseous carbon dioxide. The solid dry ice particles, through phase change and heat absorption, cause a rapid drop in local temperature, achieving a low-temperature embrittlement effect. Simultaneously, the high-speed dry ice particles, like miniature bullets, impact and pulverize the embrittled resin. Furthermore, the dry ice particles absorb heat upon impact and rapidly sublimate, expanding in volume approximately 800 times. This micro-explosion effect effectively lifts dirt from the surface. The axial arrangement of the cleaning nozzles ensures coverage of the entire working length of the roller, and the downward-sloping arrangement towards the working surface allows the sprayed low-temperature medium to precisely target the roller contact areas most prone to resin adhesion. Gravity also assists in removing detached embrittled resin debris. The exhaust port provides a safe outlet for the vaporized carbon dioxide, preventing the accumulation of low-temperature gas within the machine and ensuring the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0010] In the aforementioned torreya bark separator, the cleaning nozzle is installed in the machine body via a left-right swinging structure, enabling it to swing along the axial direction of the crushing roller or separating roller assembly. The cleaning nozzle includes a switching valve connected to a controller.

[0011] The left-right swinging structure can be driven by, for example, a micro motor. The specific structure is existing technology and will not be elaborated further. The cleaning nozzles can move back and forth along the roller axis while spraying, resulting in more uniform cleaning coverage and avoiding cleaning dead zones. This swinging cleaning effect is particularly good for rollers with complex surfaces such as ribs. The on / off valve connected to the controller enables precise start and stop control of the cleaning process, allowing for triggered cleaning when needed, ensuring cleaning effectiveness while conserving cleaning media consumption.

[0012] In the above-mentioned torreya bark peeling and separating machine, the machine body is equipped with a monitoring system connected to the controller. The detection point of the monitoring system is located upstream of the action position of the cleaning nozzle. The monitoring system includes an infrared detection component and / or a machine vision detection component. The monitoring system can determine whether there is Torreya resin adhering to the surface of the roller, and control the cleaning nozzles at the corresponding positions to start cleaning when adhesion is detected; Alternatively, the cleaning nozzles can be set to perform intermittent automatic cleaning.

[0013] This invention features two cleaning triggering logics. The first is an active judgment mode based on a monitoring system. This system is positioned upstream of the cleaning area to monitor the roller surface condition in real time. Since resin has a specific absorption peak in the near-infrared band, this peak serves as a feedback signal to trigger carbon dioxide cleaning. The infrared detection component can use this to determine contamination, while the machine vision detection component can identify abnormal deposits on the surface using a hyperspectral camera. The specific identification logic and equipment used are existing technologies and will not be elaborated further. The monitoring system sends relevant data to the controller, forming a closed-loop control circuit, enabling on-demand cleaning. This means the cleaning program is only initiated when resin adhesion is detected, significantly reducing waste of cleaning media and lowering operating costs compared to periodic cleaning. The second is a preset intermittent automatic cleaning mode. The cleaning nozzles automatically start and stop at preset intervals, reducing equipment costs for detection and avoiding accuracy issues.

[0014] In the above-mentioned Torreya grandis peeling and separating machine, the machine body is provided with a high-pressure air knife structure. The high-pressure air knife structure includes a peeling nozzle set on the side of the machine body. The peeling nozzle is connected to a high-pressure air source and can output high-speed airflow to the crushing working surface of the crushing roller and / or the separation working surface of the separation roller group. The peeling nozzle is located downstream of the cleaning nozzle and can blow off the adhering material after low-temperature embrittlement and cut or blow off the entangled Torreya grandis fibers. The stripping nozzle can be set to be manually controlled to start and stop, to work continuously, or to start and stop synchronously with the cleaning nozzle.

[0015] The high-speed airflow generated by the stripping nozzle, located downstream of the cleaning nozzle, effectively blows away resin adhering material that has been embrittled at low temperatures and has loosened but not completely detached from the roller surface, thus aiding in the stripping process and improving cleanliness. Furthermore, the use of dry ice, primarily through high-speed airflow to remove embrittled debris, offers better economic efficiency. In addition, the high-speed airflow effectively cuts or blows away any Torreya grandis fibers that may be entangled on the roller, solving the physical entanglement problem that pure low-temperature cleaning may not be able to handle. The air knife's operating modes are flexible and adjustable, offering at least three options: manual, continuous, or synchronized with cleaning. This allows it to be used as part of routine cleaning as well as to handle sudden entanglement situations, further enhancing the equipment's reliability and applicability.

[0016] In the above-mentioned torreya bark separator, at least one set of crushing rollers and the machine body are provided with a clutch control structure. The clutch control structure includes a sliding mounting seat that is slidably connected to the machine body. The end of the crushing roller is rotatably connected to the sliding mounting seat and can perform a clutch-like movement relative to another crushing roller. The sliding mounting seat is connected to a clutch push-pull assembly.

[0017] The combination of the sliding mounting base and the clutch push-pull assembly allows at least one crushing roller to move laterally, thereby changing the width of the crushing channel. This translational clutch motion structure is simple and reliable, enabling the equipment to adapt to different sizes or varieties of Torreya grandis fruits. By adjusting the gap, it can ensure effective crushing of the outer skin while avoiding insufficient crushing of too small fruits or excessive squeezing of too large fruits, which could damage the equipment or the kernel. This improves the versatility of the equipment and the safety of processing.

[0018] In the above-mentioned torreya peeling and separating machine, the clutch push-pull assembly includes an elastic element disposed between the sliding mounting base and the machine body. One end of the elastic element is connected to the machine body and the other end is connected to the sliding mounting base, and it can apply an elastic push or pull force in the clutch direction to the sliding mounting base. Alternatively, the clutch push-pull assembly may include a linear driver mounted on the machine body. The output end of the linear driver is connected to the sliding mounting seat, which can push and pull the sliding mounting seat to move horizontally. The two sliding mounting seats at both ends of the rolling roller move synchronously, and a gap sensor is provided between the two rolling rollers. The sliding mounting base is slidably connected to the side plate of the machine body via a slide rail assembly. The side plate is provided with a strip-shaped limiting hole, and the end of the rolling roller and / or the sliding mounting base slides in the strip-shaped limiting hole.

[0019] The clutch push-pull mechanism has at least two specific implementation methods. One method uses elastic elements such as springs or rubber bands, providing a passive, adaptive constant pressure or buffering function. When encountering oversized fruits or hard objects, the roller can yield under elastic action to prevent hard damage, and the structure has low cost. The other method uses linear actuators such as cylinders or electric push rods, supporting active and precise gap control and position locking. The synchronous movement of the two sliding mounting seats ensures the parallel movement of the rollers, and the gap sensor can detect the width of the grinding channel. The slide rail assembly and the strip-shaped limiting hole together constitute the guiding and limiting mechanism of the sliding mounting seat, ensuring smooth and highly linear clutch movement and easy assembly. At the same time, the strip-shaped limiting hole also provides space and trajectory constraints for the installation and sliding of the roller shaft, limiting the maximum and minimum width of the grinding channel.

[0020] In the aforementioned torreya bark peeling and separating machine, the machine body is also provided with a scraping structure. The scraping structure includes a flexible scraper or flexible brush that is detachably arranged parallel to the side of the crushing roller and / or the separating roller group. The flexible scraper and flexible brush are in contact with the crushing working surface of the crushing roller or the separating working surface of the separating roller group.

[0021] Flexible scrapers or brushes directly contact the working surface of the roller, scraping or brushing away loose resin, fruit peel debris, or fibers in real time during roller rotation. Their flexibility avoids damage to the roller surface that rigid scraping can cause. Furthermore, the flexible scrapers and brushes are easily removable, facilitating replacement or cleaning after wear. When used in conjunction with low-temperature embrittlement cleaning and high-pressure air knives, they form a multi-layered, three-dimensional cleaning system.

[0022] In the above-mentioned torreya bark separator, the crushing roller includes a roller body and crushing ribs that are circumferentially distributed on the outer side wall of the roller body and extend axially. The crushing roller includes a fixed roller and a movable roller. The end of the roller body of the fixed roller is rotatably connected to a fixed mounting seat on the machine body, and the two ends of the roller body of the movable roller are rotatably connected to a sliding mounting seat on the machine body. The separating roller assembly includes a smooth roller and a spiral roller. The outer wall of the spiral roller is provided with a spiral guide rib. One end of the guide rib is provided with a fruit pit basket for receiving the separated fruit pits. The distance between the smooth roller and the spiral roller is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit pit. A fruit peel basket is provided below the separating roller assembly.

[0023] The ribs on the crushing rollers increase the gripping and tearing action on the outer peel of the Torreya grandis, improving crushing efficiency. The separating roller assembly achieves efficient separation through the combination of smooth rollers and spiral rollers. The distance between the two is smaller than the outer diameter of the kernel, allowing the kernel to be clamped and transported to one side by the axial thrust of the spiral guide ribs on the spiral roller as it rotates, eventually falling into the kernel basket. The smaller peel fragments that have been peeled off fall from the gap between the rollers and are collected by the peel basket below, achieving further peeling of the kernels with residual peel and classifying the kernels and peels for output.

[0024] In the above-mentioned torreya bark peeling and separating machine, a tubular flexible sleeve is fitted on the roller body, the flexible sleeve is provided with the rolling ribs, and a rotation limiting structure is provided between the flexible sleeve and the roller body. The machine body is provided with a synchronous shaft that is connected to the first driver. The two ends of the synchronous shaft are respectively connected to two rolling rollers through a chain gear structure or a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt structure. The transmission ratios between the two rolling rollers and the synchronous shaft are different, which enables the two rolling rollers to rotate at different speeds. The first driver and the second driver may be the same motor, or the first driver and the second driver may each be a motor, which respectively drive the rolling roller and the separating roller group to rotate; A baffle net is provided between the fruit peel basket and the separating roller assembly, and the baffle net is in the shape of a U-shape; The machine body is provided with a funnel-shaped receiving hopper at the top, and the feed inlet is connected to the receiving hopper; One end of the guide rib is provided with a material guide slide, and the downstream end of the material guide slide receives a fruit pit basket.

[0025] The flexible sleeve with ribbed rollers can be fitted entirely onto the roller body, facilitating easy replacement after wear and reducing maintenance costs. The flexible sleeve is prevented from slipping by a rotation limiting structure, which can be in the form of ribs and grooves. By using a synchronous shaft and different transmission ratios, a speed difference is created between the two rollers, resulting in a stronger kneading and shearing action, improving peeling efficiency. Different transmission ratios can be achieved, for example, by using transmission gears with different outer diameters. In terms of drive, the drivers for the rollers and separating rollers can be either a single-machine drive or separate drives, adapting to different design requirements and cost control. A U-shaped baffle prevents fruit peels and blown-off adhering materials from splashing out of the separating rollers, maintaining a clean environment. A funnel-shaped receiving hopper guides the fruit to enter smoothly and centrally. A guide chute ensures the fruit pits slide smoothly into the pit basket, avoiding collision damage. These designs collectively improve the equipment's performance, reliability, and ease of use.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages: 1. This invention integrates a composite cleaning solution consisting of low-temperature embrittlement cleaning, high-pressure air knife peeling, and mechanical scraping. Low-temperature embrittlement cleaning utilizes liquid carbon dioxide to instantly embrittle and de-stick the resin; the downstream high-pressure air knife thoroughly blows away embrittled residue and cuts entangled fibers; while the continuously contacting flexible scraper or brush provides basic cleaning assurance. These three elements work synergistically to achieve fully automated cleaning from chemical and physical embrittlement to powerful peeling and routine maintenance, ensuring the long-lasting cleanliness of the roller working surface. This guarantees the stability of the crushing and separating gap, the smoothness of the driving load, and the high purity of the final product, greatly improving the equipment's continuous operation capability and reliability.

[0027] 2. The clutch control structure of this invention offers two optional schemes: elastic adaptive and active precise control. The elastic element scheme has a simple structure and can automatically retract when encountering abnormally large fruits or hard objects, providing a buffering protection function; the linear actuator scheme can achieve active adjustment and locking of the gap. Both methods achieve smooth translational clutch engagement and disengagement through a sliding mounting base and guiding mechanism, enabling the equipment to flexibly adapt to different sizes of Torreya grandis fruits. While ensuring effective crushing of the outer skin, it minimizes the risk of the fruit pit being damaged, improving processing quality and the equipment's adaptability to different raw materials.

[0028] 3. The rolling roller can be made of a flexible sleeve with raised ribs, which is easy to replace and reduces costs.

[0029] 4. The transmission system design enables differential rotation of the two rollers, enhancing the kneading and peeling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure provided by the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A diagram showing the view from the right. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rolling roller and separating roller assembly provided by the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, the components are: 1. Machine body; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Peeling mechanism; 4. Crushing roller; 5. Crushing channel; 6. Separation mechanism; 7. Separation roller assembly; 8. Low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure; 9. Cleaning nozzle; 10. High-pressure air knife structure; 11. Peeling nozzle; 13. Clutch control structure; 14. Sliding mounting base; 15. Clutch push-pull assembly; 16. Elastic element; 17. Slide rail assembly; 18. Side plate; 19. Strip-shaped limiting hole; 20. Scraping structure; 21. Flexible scraper; 22. Flexible brush; 23. Roller body; 24. Crushing rib; 25. Fixed roller; 26. Movable roller; 27. Fixed mounting base; 28. Smooth roller; 29. ​​Spiral roller; 30. Guide rib; 31. Peel basket; 32. Flexible sleeve; 33. First driver; 34. Synchronous shaft; 35. Chain and gear structure; 36. Material blocking net; 37. Receiving hopper; 38. Guide slide. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0033] Specific implementation examples Figures 1-5 As shown, this Torreya grandis peeling and separating machine includes a machine body 1, with a feed inlet 2 at the top of the machine body 1, and the following components arranged sequentially below the feed inlet 2: Peeling mechanism 3 includes two sets of rolling rollers 4 rotatably connected to the machine body 1 and parallel to each other. A crushing channel 5 for crushing the outer peel of Torreya grandis is formed between the rolling rollers 4. The rolling rollers 4 are driven to rotate by the first driver 33. The separation mechanism 6 includes a separation roller group 7 rotatably connected to the machine body 1. The separation roller group 7 is supported below the grinding channel 5 and can further peel off the outer peel and sort out the outer peel and the pit. The separation roller group 7 is also driven to rotate by the first driver 33. The machine body 1 is also equipped with a low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure 8, which is used to remove the Torreya resin adhering to the crushing roller 4 and the separating roller group 7.

[0034] Specifically, this invention enables automated peeling and separation of Torreya grandis fruits. The fruits enter through the feed inlet 2 and first pass through a crushing channel 5 composed of two sets of counter-rotating crushing rollers 4. The outer peel is crushed, achieving initial peeling. Subsequently, the kernel with some peel remaining, along with the separated outer peel, falls into the lower separating roller group 7. Through friction between the separating roller group 7, the loosened outer peel is completely separated from the hard kernel, and the peel and fruit are guided and output separately. Furthermore, this solution integrates a low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure 8. Low temperature causes the resin adhering to the roller surface to become embrittled and shrink, making it easier to remove. Impact cleaning removes the resin and peel fibers adhering to the rollers, ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation of the equipment. This avoids problems such as reduced efficiency and kernel contamination caused by resin adhesion, achieving an integrated system of efficient peeling and separation with automated cleaning and maintenance.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure 8 (only in...) Figure 4 (As shown in the diagram) includes cleaning nozzles 9 connected to a liquid carbon dioxide source. The cleaning nozzles 9 are axially arranged to the sides of the pressing roller 4 and the separating roller group 7, respectively. The cleaning nozzles 9 are inclined downwards towards the grinding working surface of the pressing roller 4 located downstream of the grinding channel 5, or inclined downwards towards the separating working surface of the separating roller group 7. An exhaust port is provided on the machine body 1. The cleaning nozzles 9 are installed inside the machine body 1 via a left-right swinging structure, enabling them to swing axially along the pressing roller 4 or the separating roller group 7. The cleaning nozzles 9 include a switching valve connected to a controller, and can be set to intermittent automatic cleaning.

[0036] Specifically, the cleaning nozzle 9 sprays a high-speed mixture of solid dry ice particles and gaseous carbon dioxide. The solid dry ice particles rapidly decrease local temperature due to the heat absorption during phase change, achieving a low-temperature embrittlement effect. Simultaneously, the high-speed dry ice particles, like miniature bullets, impact and pulverize the embrittled resin. Furthermore, the dry ice particles absorb heat and rapidly sublimate upon impact, expanding in volume approximately 800 times. This micro-explosion effect effectively lifts dirt from the surface. The axial arrangement of the cleaning nozzles 9 ensures coverage of the entire working length of the roller. The downward-sloping arrangement towards the working surface allows the sprayed low-temperature medium to precisely target the roller contact areas most prone to resin adhesion. Gravity also assists in removing detached embrittled resin debris. The exhaust port provides a safe outlet for the vaporized carbon dioxide, preventing the accumulation of low-temperature gas within the machine body 1 and ensuring the safety and reliability of the equipment. The left-right oscillating structure can be driven, for example, by a micro-motor. The cleaning nozzle 9 can reciprocate along the roller axis while spraying, resulting in more uniform cleaning coverage and avoiding cleaning dead zones. The oscillating cleaning effect is particularly good for rollers with complex surfaces such as ribs. The on / off valve connected to the controller enables precise start and stop control of the cleaning process, allowing for triggered cleaning when needed. This ensures effective cleaning while conserving cleaning media. In intermittent automatic cleaning mode, the cleaning nozzles 9 automatically start and stop at preset intervals.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the machine body 1 is equipped with a high-pressure air knife structure 10 (only on the machine body 1). Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the high-pressure air knife structure 10 includes a stripping nozzle 11 disposed on the side of the machine body 1. The stripping nozzle 11 is connected to a high-pressure air source and can output high-speed airflow to the grinding working surface of the grinding roller 4 and the separation working surface of the separation roller group 7. The stripping nozzle 11 is located downstream of the cleaning nozzle 9 and can blow off the adhering material after low-temperature embrittlement and cut or blow off the entangled torreya nut fibers. The stripping nozzle 11 is set to start and stop synchronously with the cleaning nozzle.

[0038] Specifically, the high-speed airflow generated by the stripping nozzle 11 is located downstream of the cleaning nozzle 9. This airflow thoroughly blows away resin adhering material that has been embrittled at low temperatures and has loosened but not completely detached from the roller surface, thus assisting in the stripping process and improving cleanliness. Furthermore, using dry ice, primarily through high-speed airflow to remove embrittled debris, offers better economic efficiency. In addition, the high-speed airflow effectively cuts or blows off any Torreya grandis fibers that may be entangled on the roller, solving the physical entanglement problem that pure low-temperature cleaning may not be able to handle. The air knife's operating mode is flexible and adjustable, offering at least three modes: manual, continuous, or synchronized with cleaning. This allows it to be used as part of routine cleaning as well as to handle sudden entanglement situations, further enhancing the equipment's reliability and applicability.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, a clutch control structure 13 is provided between one set of rolling rollers 4 and the machine body 1 (only when...). Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the clutch control structure 13 includes a sliding mounting seat 14 slidably connected to the machine body 1. The end of the crushing roller 4 is rotatably connected to the sliding mounting seat 14, enabling a translational clutch movement relative to another crushing roller 4. The sliding mounting seat 14 is connected to the clutch push-pull assembly 15. The clutch push-pull assembly 15 includes an elastic element 16 disposed between the sliding mounting seat 14 and the machine body 1. One end of the elastic element 16 is connected to the machine body 1, and the other end is connected to the sliding mounting seat 14, enabling it to apply an elastic thrust in the clutch direction to the sliding mounting seat 14. The sliding mounting seat 14 is slidably connected to the side plate 18 of the machine body 1 via a slide rail assembly 17. The side plate 18 is provided with a strip-shaped limiting hole 19, and the end of the crushing roller 4 slides in the strip-shaped limiting hole 19 via the sliding mounting seat.

[0040] Specifically, the combination of the sliding mounting base 14 and the clutch push-pull assembly 15 allows one of the crushing rollers 4 to move laterally, thereby changing the width of the crushing channel 5. This translational clutch motion structure is simple and reliable, enabling the equipment to adapt to different sizes or varieties of Torreya grandis fruits. By adjusting the gap, it can ensure effective crushing of the outer skin while avoiding insufficient crushing of too small fruits or excessive squeezing of too large fruits, thus preventing damage to the equipment or the pit, improving the equipment's versatility and processing safety. The clutch push-pull is achieved through a spring, providing a passive, adaptive constant pressure or buffer function. When encountering oversized fruits or hard objects, the roller can retract under elastic action to prevent hard damage, resulting in low structural cost. The slide rail assembly 17 and the strip-shaped limiting hole 19 together constitute the guiding and limiting mechanism of the sliding mounting base 14, ensuring smooth clutch motion, high straightness, and easy assembly. At the same time, the strip-shaped limiting hole 19 also provides space and trajectory constraints for the installation and sliding of the roller shaft, limiting the maximum and minimum width of the crushing channel 5.

[0041] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the machine body 1 is also provided with a scraping structure 20. The scraping structure 20 includes a flexible brush 22 that is detachably arranged parallel to the side of the rolling roller 4 and a flexible scraper 21 arranged on the side of the separating roller group 7. Both the flexible scraper 21 and the flexible brush 22 are in contact with the rolling working surface of the rolling roller 4 or the separating working surface of the separating roller group 7.

[0042] Specifically, the flexible scraper 21 or flexible brush 22 directly contacts the working surface of the roller, and can scrape or brush away some loose resin, fruit peel debris, or fibers in real time during the roller's rotation. Its flexibility avoids damage to the roller surface that may be caused by rigid scraping, and the flexible scraper 21 and flexible brush 22 are easily removable, facilitating replacement or cleaning after wear. Used in conjunction with the low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure 8 and the high-pressure air knife 10, it forms a multi-layered, three-dimensional cleaning system.

[0043] In this embodiment, the rolling roller 4 includes a roller body 23 and rolling ribs 24 that are circumferentially distributed on the outer side wall of the roller body 23 and extend axially. The rolling roller 4 includes a fixed roller 25 and a movable roller 26. The end of the roller body 23 of the fixed roller 25 is rotatably connected to the fixed mounting seat 27 of the machine body 1. The two ends of the roller body 23 of the movable roller 26 are rotatably connected to the sliding mounting seat 14 on the machine body 1. The separating roller group 7 includes a smooth roller 28 and a spiral roller 29. The outer side wall of the spiral roller 29 is provided with spiral guide ribs 30. One end of the guide rib 30 in the guiding direction is provided with a fruit pit basket for receiving the separated fruit pits. The distance between the smooth roller 28 and the spiral roller 29 is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit pit. A fruit peel basket 31 is provided below the separating roller group 7. A tubular flexible sleeve 32 is fitted on the roller body 23. The flexible sleeve 32 is provided with rolling ribs 24. A rotation limiting structure is provided between the flexible sleeve 32 and the roller body 23. A synchronous shaft 34 is provided inside the machine body 1 and is connected to the first driver 33. The two ends of the synchronous shaft 34 are respectively connected to two rolling rollers 4 through a chain gear structure 35. The transmission ratios between the two rolling rollers 4 and the synchronous shaft 34 are different, which enables the two rolling rollers 4 to rotate at different speeds. Specifically, the crushing ribs 24 on the crushing roller 4 increase the gripping and tearing effect on the outer peel of the Torreya grandis, improving crushing efficiency. The separating roller group 7 achieves efficient separation through the combination of the smooth roller 28 and the spiral roller 29. The distance between the two is smaller than the outer diameter of the kernel, allowing the kernel to be clamped and transported to one side by the axial thrust of the spiral guide ribs 30 on the surface of the spiral roller 29 as it rotates, eventually falling into the kernel basket. The smaller peel fragments that have been peeled off fall from the gap between the rollers and are collected by the peel basket 31 below, achieving further peeling of the kernels with residual peel and classifying the kernels and peels for output. The flexible sleeve 32 with crushing ribs 24 can be completely fitted onto the roller body 23, making it easy to replace after wear and reducing maintenance costs. The flexible sleeve 32 is prevented from slipping by a rotation limiting structure, which is specifically in the form of rib grooves. By setting the synchronous shaft 34 and different transmission ratios, the two rolling rollers 4 are made to have a speed difference, forming a stronger kneading and shearing effect, thus improving the peeling efficiency. Different transmission ratios can be achieved by setting transmission gears with different outer diameters.

[0044] As an optimization of this embodiment, a baffle net 36 is provided between the fruit peel basket 31 and the separating roller group 7. Figures 1-3 (Not specifically shown in the text) The baffle net 36 is in the shape of a U-shape; the machine body 1 has a funnel-shaped receiving hopper 37 at the top, and the inlet 2 is connected to the receiving hopper 37; one end of the guide rib 30 in the guiding direction is provided with a guide slide 38, and the downstream end of the guide slide 38 receives a fruit pit basket ( Figures 1-3 (Not specifically shown in the text).

[0045] Specifically, the U-shaped baffle 36 prevents fruit peels and blown-off adhering materials from splashing out of the separating roller assembly 7, keeping the environment clean. The funnel-shaped receiving hopper 37 guides the fruit to enter smoothly and in a concentrated manner. The guide chute 38 ensures that the fruit pits slide smoothly into the pit basket, avoiding collision damage. These designs together improve the performance, reliability, and ease of use of the equipment.

[0046] Specific working principle: In the processing flow, the Torreya grandis fruits are introduced through the top receiving hopper 37 and the feed inlet 2, and first enter the crushing channel 5 composed of two sets of opposing and differentially rotating crushing rollers 4. Under the adjustment of the clutch control structure 13, the crushing rollers 4 can adapt to the size of the fruit and effectively crush and rub the outer peel with flexible pressure to achieve preliminary peeling. The mixture after preliminary peeling includes the kernel, attached peel, and separated peel fragments. This mixture then falls into the separation roller group 7 below. During the separation stage, kernels larger than the roller gap are clamped by the smooth roller 28 and the spiral roller 29, and are guided and transported to one side under the axial thrust of the guide ribs 30 on the surface of the spiral roller 29, and finally slide into the kernel receiving basket through the guide slide 38; while smaller peel fragments fall directly through the gap between the rollers and are collected by the peel basket 31 below, thereby achieving complete separation and classification of the kernel and peel.

[0047] In terms of cleaning and maintenance, the monitoring system monitors the condition of the roller surface in real time. When resin adhesion is detected, the low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure 8 is activated. The dry ice medium sprayed from the cleaning nozzle 9 embrittles the resin and removes it partially. The high-pressure air knife structure 10 that follows uses the high-speed airflow generated by the peeling nozzle 11 to further blow off the embrittled residue and cut any fibers that may become entangled. At the same time, the scraping structure 20, which is in continuous contact with the roller surface, performs daily cleaning.

[0048] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A torreya grandis peeling and separating machine, comprising a machine body (1), characterized in that, The machine body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2) on top, and the following are arranged below the feed inlet (2): Peeling mechanism (3), the peeling mechanism (3) includes two sets of rolling rollers (4) rotatably connected inside the machine body (1) and parallel to each other, and a grinding channel (5) for crushing the outer peel of Torreya grandis is formed between the rolling rollers (4), and the rolling rollers (4) are driven to rotate by a first driver. The separation mechanism (6) includes a separation roller group (7) rotatably connected to the machine body (1). The separation roller group (7) is located below the grinding channel (5) and can further peel off the outer peel and classify and output the outer peel and the core. The separation roller group (7) is driven to rotate by a second driver. The machine body (1) is also provided with a low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure (8) for removing the Torreya resin adhering to the rolling roller (4) and the separating roller group (7).

2. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature embrittlement cleaning structure (8) includes a cleaning nozzle (9) connected to a liquid carbon dioxide source, and the cleaning nozzle (9) is axially arranged on the side of the rolling roller (4) or the separating roller group (7). The cleaning nozzle (9) is inclined downward toward the grinding working surface of the grinding roller (4) located downstream of the grinding channel (5), or inclined downward toward the separation working surface of the separation roller group (7); The machine body (1) is provided with an exhaust port.

3. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning nozzle (9) is installed inside the machine body (1) by means of a left-right swinging structure, and can swing along the axial direction of the rolling roller (4) or the separating roller group (7). The cleaning nozzle (9) includes a switching valve connected to the controller.

4. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machine body (1) is equipped with a monitoring system connected to the controller. The detection point of the monitoring system is located upstream of the working position of the cleaning nozzle (9). The monitoring system includes an infrared detection component and / or a machine vision detection component. The monitoring system can determine whether there is Torreya resin adhering to the surface of the roller, and when adhering is found, it controls the cleaning nozzle (9) at the corresponding position to start cleaning; Alternatively, the cleaning nozzle (9) can be set to intermittent automatic cleaning.

5. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machine body (1) is provided with a high-pressure air knife structure (10). The high-pressure air knife structure (10) includes a stripping nozzle (11) located on the side of the machine body (1). The stripping nozzle (11) is connected to a high-pressure air source and can output high-speed airflow to the grinding working surface of the rolling roller (4) and / or the separation working surface of the separation roller group (7). The stripping nozzle (11) is located downstream of the cleaning nozzle (9) and can blow off the adhering material after low-temperature embrittlement and cut or blow off the entangled Torreya grandis fibers. The stripping nozzle (11) can be set to be manually controlled to start and stop, to work continuously, or to start and stop synchronously with the cleaning nozzle.

6. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one set of rolling rollers (4) and machine body (1) are provided with a clutch control structure (13). The clutch control structure (13) includes a sliding mounting seat (14) slidably connected to the machine body (1). The end of the rolling roller (4) is rotatably connected to the sliding mounting seat (14) and can perform a clutch movement relative to another rolling roller (4). The sliding mounting seat (14) is connected to the clutch push-pull assembly (15).

7. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clutch push-pull assembly (15) includes an elastic element (16) disposed between the sliding mounting base (14) and the body (1). One end of the elastic element (16) is connected to the body (1) and the other end is connected to the sliding mounting base (14), and it can apply an elastic push or pull force in the clutch direction to the sliding mounting base (14). Alternatively, the clutch push-pull assembly may include a linear driver mounted on the machine body. The output end of the linear driver is connected to the sliding mounting seat, which can push and pull the sliding mounting seat to move horizontally. The two sliding mounting seats at both ends of the rolling roller move synchronously, and a gap sensor is provided between the two rolling rollers. The sliding mounting base (14) is slidably connected to the side plate (18) of the machine body (1) via the slide rail assembly (17). The side plate (18) is provided with a strip-shaped limiting hole (19). The end of the rolling roller (4) and / or the sliding mounting base slide in the strip-shaped limiting hole (19).

8. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine body (1) is also provided with a scraping structure (20), which includes a flexible scraper (21) or a flexible brush (22) that are detachably arranged parallel to the side of the rolling roller and / or the separating roller group. The flexible scraper (21) and the flexible brush (22) are in contact with the rolling working surface of the rolling roller (4) or the separating working surface of the separating roller group (7).

9. The torreya bark peeling and separating machine according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The rolling roller (4) includes a roller body (23) and rolling ribs (24) that are circumferentially distributed on the outer side wall of the roller body (23) and extend axially. The rolling roller (4) includes a fixed roller (25) and a movable roller (26). The end of the roller body (23) of the fixed roller (25) is rotatably connected to the fixed mounting seat (27) of the machine body (1). The two ends of the roller body (23) of the movable roller (26) are rotatably connected to the sliding mounting seat (14) on the machine body (1). The separating roller group (7) includes a smooth roller (28) and a spiral roller (29). The outer wall of the spiral roller (29) is provided with a spiral guide rib (30). One end of the guide rib (30) in the guiding direction is provided with a fruit pit basket for receiving the separated fruit pits. The distance between the smooth roller (28) and the spiral roller (29) is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit pit. A fruit peel basket (31) is provided below the separating roller group (7).

10. The torreya grandis peeling and separating machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, A tubular flexible sleeve (32) is sleeved on the roller body (23), and the rolling rib (24) is provided on the flexible sleeve (32). A rotation limiting structure is provided between the flexible sleeve (32) and the roller body (23). The machine body (1) is provided with a synchronous shaft (34) that is connected to the first driver (33). The two ends of the synchronous shaft (34) are respectively connected to two rolling rollers (4) through a chain gear structure (35) or a synchronous pulley and synchronous belt structure. The transmission ratios between the two rolling rollers (4) and the synchronous shaft (34) are different, which enables the two rolling rollers (4) to rotate at different speeds. The first driver (33) and the second driver can be the same motor, or the first driver (33) and the second driver can each be a motor, which respectively drive the rolling roller (4) and the separating roller group (7) to rotate; A baffle net (36) is provided between the fruit peel basket (31) and the separating roller group (7), and the baffle net (36) is in the shape of a U-shape; The machine body (1) is provided with a funnel-shaped receiving hopper (37) at the top, and the feed inlet (2) is connected to the receiving hopper (37); One end of the guide rib (30) in the guiding direction is provided with a material guide slide (38), and the downstream end of the material guide slide (38) receives a fruit pit basket.

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