Balcony structure curved surface plastering leveling device and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a balcony structure curved surface plastering leveling device and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The device comprises a leveling support, the top of the leveling support is provided with a positive wheel pressed on the top face of the balcony, the inner side of the leveling support is detachably provided with a side wheel tightly attached to the inner side face of the balcony, and the outer side of the leveling support is provided with a mounting assembly provided with a steel wire. The positive wheel and the side wheel form bidirectional vertical positioning, so that the device stably moves along the tangential direction of the curved surface; the balancing weight automatically presses the wheel set through gravity, and only the device needs to be pushed during operation. According to the mounting assembly, the distance between a male plate and a pressing plate can be manually adjusted, or a motor drives a lead screw to electrically adjust the distance, a steel wire can be arranged to be annular and driven by a pulley to rotate, and composite cutting is achieved. During construction, mortar is firstly plastered to be thick, the steel wire distance is preset according to the designed thickness, the steel wire position is adjusted in stages, the device is moved multiple times, and a plastered layer is gradually cut to the designed thickness. According to the invention, the flatness and the construction efficiency of the curved balcony plastering can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a plastering and leveling device and construction method for curved surfaces of balcony structures. Background Technology

[0002] With the diversification of architectural forms, especially the rise of iconic buildings such as fourth-generation architecture, curved balconies are increasingly used in residential and public buildings. To ensure the smooth aesthetics of the building's appearance, the plastering and leveling process for curved balconies must ensure that the plaster layer precisely conforms to the curved surface of the structure, placing high demands on construction precision and efficiency.

[0003] Currently, leveling curved balcony plastering mainly relies on manual labor using trowels to repeatedly press and smooth the surface, with adjustments made based on experience using tools like curved trowels. During construction, it's difficult for operators to maintain a constant distance between the trowel and the curved surface, leading to uneven plaster layer thickness and defects such as wavy lines and localized unevenness. Existing technology lacks a device capable of stable movement along curved surfaces while achieving precise cutting, resulting in low construction efficiency and difficulty in quality control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this invention provides a leveling device and construction method for plastering curved surfaces of balconies, aiming to improve the problems of uneven plaster layer thickness, poor flatness, and low construction efficiency in existing curved balcony plastering construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a leveling device for plastering curved surfaces of a balcony structure, used for leveling the plaster layer on a curved balcony, including a leveling bracket, a positive wheel at the top of the leveling bracket pressing against the top surface of the curved balcony, a side wheel on the inner side of the leveling bracket, the side wheel being close to the inner side of the curved balcony, and an installation component on the outer side of the leveling bracket, on which a steel wire is installed.

[0006] Preferably, the installation component is installation component one, which includes a male plate and a pressure plate. The male plate is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the leveling bracket. The male plate has multiple parallel semi-circular grooves. The steel wire is placed in the semi-circular grooves and is pressed and fixed by the pressure plate and bolts. Through the cooperation of the multiple semi-circular grooves on the male plate and the pressure plate, the position of the steel wire can be quickly and manually switched. The structure is simple and the cost is low. It is suitable for on-site adjustment of different plaster thickness requirements and does not require complicated tools.

[0007] Preferably, the installation component is installation component two, which includes a moving block, a lead screw, a guide rod, a fixed frame, and an adjustable distance motor. The guide rod is fixedly connected between the upper end and the outer side of the leveling bracket. The moving block is slidably sleeved on the guide rod. One end of the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the adjustable distance motor, and the lead screw and the moving block are threaded together. The upper end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the moving block, and the lower end is slidably connected to the lower end of the outer side of the leveling bracket. The steel wire is installed on the fixed frame. The motor drives the lead screw to move the fixed frame, realizing the electric continuous adjustment of the steel wire position. The adjustment accuracy is high and the speed is fast, avoiding manual disassembly and assembly, significantly improving construction efficiency, and is especially suitable for batch balcony construction.

[0008] Preferably, the leveling bracket is engraved with scales to indicate the cutting position of the steel wire, which can intuitively display the distance between the steel wire and the structural surface, assisting the operator in accurately setting the plaster thickness and improving the repeatability and accuracy of the adjustment.

[0009] Preferably, the steel wire is a ring-shaped steel wire. The second mounting component also includes two pulleys rotatably mounted on the upper and lower ends of the fixed frame and a circulating motor. The ring-shaped steel wire is wound around the two pulleys to form a closed loop. The circulating motor drives the pulleys to rotate, thereby causing the ring-shaped steel wire to rotate around the two pulleys. By changing the steel wire to a ring shape and driving it to rotate by the pulleys and the circulating motor, the cutting method changes from a purely transverse motion to a compound motion, reducing unidirectional cutting patterns and wavy defects, and improving the flatness of the plaster surface.

[0010] Preferably, the upper pulley is the driving pulley and is connected to the output shaft of the circulating motor, while the lower pulley is the driven pulley. Clearly defining the upper pulley as the driving pulley and the lower pulley as the driven pulley results in a simple and reliable structure that ensures stable circulation of the annular steel wire and reduces the failure rate.

[0011] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the fixing frame are provided with wire guide grooves to maintain the straight trajectory of the annular wire in the working section, ensuring that the working section of the annular wire maintains a straight trajectory, avoiding swaying, and further improving cutting accuracy and surface quality.

[0012] Preferably, a counterweight is provided on the outer side of the leveling bracket. The counterweight relies on gravity to press the positive wheel against the top surface of the balcony and the side wheel against the inner back of the balcony. During operation, only the device needs to be pushed to guide the direction, without the need for manual application of downward or lateral force, thus reducing labor intensity and improving operational stability.

[0013] Preferably, the side wheel is detachably connected to the leveling bracket by bolts or quick-release pins, which facilitates the device to be tilted and placed into position from the outside of the balcony, avoids interference with the edge of the balcony, and makes the installation and relocation of the device more convenient.

[0014] A construction method for a plastering and leveling device for curved surfaces of a balcony structure includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: Remove the side wheel from the leveling bracket, tilt the device from the outside of the curved balcony, so that the outside of the leveling bracket reaches the working starting position, and then reinstall the side wheel on the inside of the leveling bracket, and make the side wheel close to the inside of the curved balcony. At this time, the counterweight block set on the outside of the leveling bracket will automatically press the positive wheel against the top surface of the curved balcony and the side wheel will automatically close to the inside of the curved balcony by gravity.

[0016] S2: Based on the designed plaster thickness, obtain the preset distance between the steel wire and the outer side of the curved balcony;

[0017] S3: Adjust the position of the steel wire on the installation component so that the distance between the steel wire and the outer side of the curved balcony is slightly greater than the preset value in step S2. Push the leveling bracket to move along the inner side of the curved balcony and move it repeatedly several times so that the steel wire moves with the device and performs cutting work.

[0018] S4: Adjust the position of the steel wire on the installation component so that the distance between the steel wire and the outer side of the curved balcony is closer to the preset value in step S2. Push the leveling bracket to move along the inner side of the curved balcony and move it repeatedly several times so that the steel wire moves with the device and performs cutting work.

[0019] S5: Repeat steps S3 to S4 until the distance between the steel wire and the outer side of the curved balcony is equal to the preset value in step S2. Push the leveling bracket to move along the inner side of the curved balcony. Repeat the movement several times so that the steel wire moves with the device and performs cutting work to complete the final smoothing work.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In this invention, the positive wheel presses against the top surface of the balcony and the side wheel is close to the inner back of the balcony, forming a two-way vertical positioning system. This allows the device to move stably along the tangent direction of the curved balcony, and the distance between the steel wire and the structural surface remains constant. This allows for precise control of the plaster layer thickness and effectively solves the problem that manual troweling cannot guarantee the flatness of the curved surface.

[0022] 2. This invention achieves flexible adjustment of the steel wire position through installation components. Installation component one uses a male plate and a pressure plate in conjunction, allowing for quick switching of plaster thickness by selecting different semi-circular grooves. Installation component two uses a motor-driven lead screw to move the fixing frame, achieving continuous electric distance adjustment with scale markings, making it particularly suitable for balcony construction with multiple thickness requirements within the same project. Furthermore, the cyclical movement of the annular steel wire, combined with the upper and lower pulleys, changes the cutting method from a single transverse direction to a composite sawing of transverse and longitudinal directions, effectively eliminating the unidirectional texture and wavy defects common in traditional steel wire cutting, resulting in a smoother and more even plaster surface after cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view of the leveling device in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the leveling device in Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 3 An exploded view of the installation component one;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the leveling device in Example 2;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the second component.

[0028] Figure 6 The three-dimensional leveling device in Embodiment 3 Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 7 The three-dimensional leveling device in Embodiment 3 Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire and pulley in Example 3.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 1. Leveling bracket; 11. Mounting block; 2. Positive wheel; 3. Side wheel; 4. Mounting component one; 41. Male plate; 411. Semicircular groove; 42. Pressure plate; 5. Steel wire; 6. Mounting component two; 61. Moving block; 62. Screw rod; 63. Guide rod; 64. Fixing frame; 65. Adjustable distance motor; 66. Pulley; 67. Circulating motor; 7. Curved balcony; 8. Plaster layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figures 1-3This embodiment provides a leveling device for plastering curved surfaces of a balcony structure, including a leveling bracket 1, a central wheel 2, a side wheel 3, a steel wire 5, and an installation assembly 4. The leveling bracket 1 is an inverted hook-shaped frame with a central wheel 2 at its top, which is used to press against the top surface of the curved balcony 7. The side wheel 3 is detachably installed on the inner side (the side away from the cutting end) of the leveling bracket 1, and is used to fit tightly against the inner side of the curved balcony 7. The side wheel 3 is connected to the leveling bracket 1 by bolts or quick-release pins to facilitate the device's insertion and positioning from the outside of the balcony: the device is first tilted and inserted into the outside of the balcony, and after the cutting end reaches the starting position, the side wheel 3 is installed, thereby avoiding interference between the device and the edge of the balcony during installation. The upper and lower ends of the outer side (i.e., the cutting end) of the leveling bracket 1 are respectively fixedly connected to male plates 41. Multiple parallel semi-circular grooves 411 are opened on the male plates 41. The steel wire 5 is placed in the semi-circular grooves 411 and is pressed and fixed by pressure plates 42 and bolts. By selecting different semicircular grooves 411, the distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 can be manually adjusted, thereby controlling the design thickness of the plaster layer 8. Each semicircular groove 411 corresponds to a preset thickness value. A counterweight (not shown in the figure) is also provided on the outer side of the leveling bracket 1. The counterweight shifts the center of gravity of the device, generating a downward torque under natural conditions, which automatically presses the positive wheel 2 against the top surface of the curved balcony 7, while simultaneously causing the side wheel 3 to automatically adhere to the inner surface of the curved balcony 7. During construction, the operator only needs to push the device along the curved surface to guide its movement, without applying additional downward or lateral force.

[0036] Before construction, mortar is applied to the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 to a thickness exceeding the design thickness, leaving room for subsequent cutting. Based on the designed plaster thickness, a preset distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 is determined. First, a semi-circular groove 411 on the male plate 41 is selected, making the distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 slightly greater than the preset value. Then, the leveling bracket 1 is pushed along the inner surface of the curved balcony 7, and the steel wire 5 moves with the device and performs cutting. Next, a semi-circular groove 411 closer to the preset value is selected, and the device is pushed again for further cutting. This process is repeated until the distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 equals the preset value. Finally, the device is pushed to complete the leveling work.

[0037] Both the adjustable pitch motor 65 and the circulating motor 66 are electrically connected to an external controller and are controlled by the controller.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Reference Figures 4-5Unlike Embodiment 1, a mounting block 11 is added to the upper end of the leveling bracket 1, and the positive wheel 2 is mounted on the lower end of the mounting block 11. Mounting component 1 4 is replaced by mounting component 2 6 for electrically and precisely adjusting the position of the steel wire 5. Mounting component 2 6 includes a moving block 61, a lead screw 62, a guide rod 63, a fixing frame 64, and an adjusting motor 65. The guide rod 63 is fixedly connected between the mounting block 11 and the upper end of the outer side of the leveling bracket 1, and the moving block 61 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 63. One end of the lead screw 62 is connected to the output shaft of the adjusting motor 65, and the lead screw 62 is threadedly engaged with the moving block 61. The adjusting motor 65 is fixed to the leveling bracket 1. When the adjusting motor 65 drives the lead screw 62 to rotate, the moving block 61 slides along the guide rod 63, thereby driving the fixing frame 64 to move. The upper end of the fixing frame 64 is fixedly connected to the moving block 61, and the lower end is slidably connected to the lower end of the outer side of the leveling bracket 1. The steel wire 5 is mounted on the fixing frame 64. The leveling bracket 1 is also engraved with precision scales to visually display the cutting position of the steel wire 5 (i.e., the distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer side of the curved balcony 7).

[0040] Before construction, mortar is applied to the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 to a thickness exceeding the design thickness. Based on the designed plaster thickness, a preset distance is determined between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7. First, the adjustable distance motor 65 is started to drive the lead screw 62, causing the fixing frame 64 to move the steel wire 5 to a position where the distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 is slightly greater than the preset value. Then, the leveling bracket 1 is pushed to move along the inner surface of the curved balcony 7, and the steel wire 5 moves with the device and performs cutting work. Next, the adjustable distance motor 65 is started again to move the steel wire 5 to a position closer to the preset value, pushing the device to move for further cutting. This process is repeated until the distance between the steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 equals the preset value. Finally, the device is moved to complete the leveling work. This embodiment achieves continuous electric adjustment of the position of the steel wire 5 through the adjustable distance motor 65, avoiding the tedious manual disassembly and re-fixing operations. It is especially suitable for quickly switching between multiple balconies with different thickness requirements within the same project. The scale markings make thickness control more precise and repeatable, improving construction efficiency compared to Embodiment 1.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Reference Figures 6-8Based on Embodiment 2, the steel wire 5 is replaced with a ring-shaped steel wire, and two pulleys 66 and a circulating motor 67 are added to the mounting assembly 6. The two pulleys 66 are rotatably mounted at the upper and lower ends of the fixed frame 64, respectively. The upper pulley 66 is the driving pulley, connected to the output shaft of the circulating motor 67; the lower pulley 66 is the driven pulley, used to tension the steel wire. The ring-shaped steel wire 5 is wound around the two pulleys 66, forming a closed loop. The circulating motor 67 drives the driving pulley to rotate, causing the ring-shaped steel wire 5 to perform high-speed up-and-down circulating motion. The upper and lower ends of the fixed frame 64 are also provided with steel wire guide grooves to ensure that the ring-shaped steel wire 5 maintains a straight trajectory in the working section and avoids swaying. The pitch adjustment motor 65 is still used to adjust the position of the fixed frame 64 and level the scale on the bracket 1 for auxiliary positioning.

[0043] Before construction, mortar is applied to the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 to a thickness exceeding the design thickness. Based on the designed plaster thickness, a preset distance is determined between the annular steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7. The circulating motor 67 is started, causing the annular steel wire 5 to begin high-speed up-and-down circulating motion. First, the adjusting motor 65 moves the fixing frame 64 to a position where the distance between the annular steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 is slightly greater than the preset value. Then, the leveling bracket 1 is pushed along the inner surface of the curved balcony 7, and the annular steel wire 5 moves with the device, performing cutting operations. Next, the adjusting motor 65 is adjusted again to move the annular steel wire 5 closer to the preset value, pushing the device to perform further cutting. This process is repeated until the distance between the annular steel wire 5 and the outer surface of the curved balcony 7 equals the preset value. Finally, the device is pushed to complete the leveling work. At this time, the high-speed up-and-down circulating motion of the annular steel wire 5 changes the cutting direction from a single transverse direction to a composite motion of transverse and longitudinal directions, effectively eliminating the unidirectional cutting patterns and wavy surface defects that are easy to occur when cutting with a traditional fixed steel wire. The cutting resistance is smaller and the device is easier to push.

Claims

1. A leveling device for curved surface plastering of a balcony structure, used for leveling the plaster layer (8) on a curved balcony (7), comprising a leveling bracket (1), characterized in that, The leveling bracket (1) is provided with a positive wheel (2) at the top, which presses on the top surface of the curved balcony (7). The leveling bracket (1) is provided with a side wheel (3) on the inner side, which is close to the inner side of the curved balcony (7). The leveling bracket (1) is provided with an installation component on the outer side, and a steel wire (5) is installed on the installation component.

2. The balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation component is installation component one (4), which includes a male plate (41) and a pressure plate (42). The male plate (41) is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the outside of the leveling bracket (1). Multiple parallel semi-circular grooves (411) are provided on the male plate (41). The steel wire (5) is placed in the semi-circular groove (411) and is pressed and fixed by the pressure plate (42) and bolts.

3. The balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation component is installation component two (6), which includes a moving block (61), a lead screw (62), a guide rod (63), a fixed frame (64), and an adjustable pitch motor (65). The guide rod (63) is fixedly connected between the upper end and the outer side of the leveling bracket (1). The moving block (61) is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (63). One end of the lead screw (62) is connected to the output shaft of the adjustable pitch motor (65). The lead screw (62) and the moving block (61) are threadedly engaged. The upper end of the fixed frame (64) is fixedly connected to the moving block (61), and the lower end is slidably connected to the lower end of the outer side of the leveling bracket (1). The steel wire (5) is installed on the fixed frame (64).

4. The balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The leveling bracket (1) is engraved with scales to indicate the cutting position of the steel wire (5).

5. A balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steel wire (5) is a ring steel wire. The second mounting component (6) also includes two pulleys (66) rotatably mounted on the upper and lower ends of the fixed frame (64) and a circulating motor (67). The ring steel wire is wound around the two pulleys (66) to form a closed loop. The circulating motor (67) drives the pulleys (66) to rotate so as to drive the ring steel wire to rotate around the two pulleys (66).

6. The balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pulley (66) above is the driving pulley and is connected to the output shaft of the circulating motor (67), while the pulley (66) below is the driven pulley.

7. A balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the fixing frame (64) are provided with wire guide grooves to maintain the straight trajectory of the annular wire in the working section.

8. The balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling bracket (1) is provided with a counterweight on the outside. The counterweight relies on gravity to press the main wheel (2) against the top surface of the balcony and the side wheel (3) against the back of the inner side of the balcony.

9. A balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wheel (3) is detachably connected to the leveling bracket (1) by bolts or quick-release pins.

10. A construction method for a balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device, comprising the balcony structure curved surface plastering and leveling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Remove the side wheel (3) from the leveling bracket (1), tilt the device from the outside of the curved balcony (7) so that the outside of the leveling bracket (1) reaches the working starting position, then reinstall the side wheel (3) on the inside of the leveling bracket (1) and make the side wheel (3) close to the inside of the curved balcony (7). At this time, the counterweight block set on the outside of the leveling bracket (1) relies on gravity to make the main wheel (2) automatically press against the top surface of the curved balcony (7) and the side wheel (3) automatically close to the inside of the curved balcony (7). S2: Based on the designed plaster thickness, obtain the preset distance between the steel wire (5) and the outer side of the curved balcony (7); S3: Adjust the position of the steel wire (5) on the installation component so that the distance between the steel wire (5) and the outer side of the curved balcony (7) is slightly greater than the preset value in step S2. Push the leveling bracket (1) to move along the inner side of the curved balcony (7) so that the steel wire (5) moves with the device and performs cutting work. S4: Adjust the position of the steel wire (5) on the installation component so that the distance between the steel wire (5) and the outer side of the curved balcony (7) is closer to the preset value in step S2. Push the leveling bracket (1) to move along the inner side of the curved balcony (7) so that the steel wire (5) moves with the device and performs further cutting work. S5: Repeat steps S3 to S4 until the distance between the steel wire (5) and the outer side of the curved balcony (7) is equal to the preset value in step S2. Push the leveling bracket (1) to move along the inner side of the curved balcony (7) so that the steel wire (5) moves with the device and performs cutting work to complete the final smoothing work.

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