Energy adjusting device of refrigeration compressor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compressor energy adjustment, and discloses an energy adjusting device of a refrigeration compressor, the compressor is provided with a plurality of groups of cylinder covers, the energy adjusting device is installed on the cylinder covers of the compressor and comprises an electromagnetic valve body and a control piston, and an air suction channel is arranged between an air suction cavity and a compression cavity of the compressor. The control piston is controlled by the electromagnetic valve so as to switch the opening and closing states of the air suction channel, and a throttling hole is formed in the control piston; when the compressor is in a full-load operation state, the air suction channel is in an open state; when the compressor is in a partial load operation state, the air suction channel on the corresponding air cylinder cover is closed by the control piston, and the compressor piston operates in a no-load mode under the condition that no air is compressed. Cooling and lubrication optimization is achieved, friction heat and residual heat of the air cylinder can be effectively taken away through low-pressure gas circulation, it is ensured that the temperature of the air cylinder is appropriate, the optimal state of oil film lubrication is maintained, and lubrication failure and abrasion increase caused by thinning, evaporation or carbonization of lubricating oil are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressor energy regulation technology, and specifically to a refrigeration compressor energy regulation device. Background Technology

[0002] Piston compressors, also known as fixed vane compressors or rolling rotor compressors, are positive displacement compressors. Their working principle involves using a rotating rotor instead of a reciprocating piston. By adding vanes fixed to the cylinder, a periodically changing working chamber is formed, thereby achieving gas compression. Piston compressors need to adapt to changes in the refrigeration system load and therefore require a certain energy regulation capability. The typical method of energy regulation is to adjust the pressure within the cylinder by regulating the opening and closing of valves at the cylinder end.

[0003] Existing technology provides a cylinder energy regulating device for a compressor, application number CN201210496441.6, including a vertical cylinder, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, and a suction valve plate. A rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the cylinder body. The rotating ring has an inclined groove, and a push rod is connected within the inclined groove. The push rod is fixedly connected to the suction valve plate. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston. The cylinder body is connected to the piston by a spring. The piston is fixedly connected to a push rod, which is connected to a rotating rod. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the rotating ring. This invention has a simple structure and, compared to traditional reciprocating compressor energy regulating devices, offers advantages such as reliable operation, flexible control, and ease of operation.

[0004] However, existing technologies, especially this particular solution, still have the following problems: Energy regulation relies on a piston push rod mechanism connected by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a spring. The hydraulic system may have leakage risks, slow response speed, and adjustment accuracy is affected by mechanical clearance, which is not conducive to precise partial load operation. At the same time, the existing technology cannot effectively cool the cylinder with low-pressure gas under partial load, which can easily lead to increased cylinder temperature and deterioration of the lubricating oil film, thereby affecting the overall reliability and life of the compressor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a technical solution that controls the opening and closing state of the intake channel by controlling the piston, thereby solving the problems in the prior art mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor, wherein the compressor has multiple cylinder heads, and the energy regulating device is mounted on the cylinder heads of the compressor, comprising: The solenoid valve body and control piston are provided. An intake passage is provided between the intake chamber and the compression chamber of the compressor. The control piston is controlled by the solenoid valve to switch the opening and closing state of the intake passage. A throttling orifice is provided on the control piston. When the compressor is operating at full load, the intake passage is open; when the compressor is operating at partial load, the intake passage on the corresponding cylinder head is closed by the control piston, and the compressor piston runs unloaded without gas compression.

[0007] Preferably, the solenoid valve body is mounted on the cylinder head, and the solenoid valve body includes a valve seat, a solenoid valve coil, and a solenoid valve core. The solenoid valve body controls the movement of the control piston through the solenoid valve coil.

[0008] Preferably, the compressor cylinder is equipped with a valve plate, and when the compressor is in full-load operation, the valve plate and the suction passage are simultaneously in the open state.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the throttle orifice on the control piston is set to L-shape, and the inner diameter of the throttle orifice is 1.5mm-2.5mm.

[0010] Preferably, the cylinder head is equipped with a sliding sleeve for controlling the movement of the piston, and a return spring for controlling the piston to return to its original position is provided inside the sliding sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding sleeve has an internal movable cavity, and a connecting channel one and a connecting channel two are provided between the exhaust cavity and the movable cavity. The solenoid valve core is located at the connection between the connecting channel one and the connecting channel two.

[0012] Preferably, when the control piston is in the closed state, the connecting chamber one and the connecting chamber two are in the connected state, and the gas in the exhaust chamber provides downforce to the control piston through the connecting chamber one and the connecting chamber two.

[0013] Preferably, it includes a controller for controlling the operation of the compressor and the solenoid valve body, the controller being used to determine whether the compressor is operating at full load and to output a control signal to the solenoid valve body.

[0014] Preferably, the cylinder head is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the solenoid valve body is installed on the solenoid valve body by means of mounting bolts that fit into the internal threaded hole.

[0015] Preferably, the compressor includes an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber, with an intake passage disposed between the intake chamber and the exhaust chamber.

[0016] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The energy regulation device for a refrigeration compressor proposed in this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention employs the principle of closing the intake passage, controlling the piston to cut off the intake gas passage to each cylinder of the control piston; when the compressor is running at full load, the solenoid valve coil is not energized, and the gas passage on the valve plate and cylinder head is in the open state; when the compressor is running at partial load, the solenoid valve coil is energized, the intake passage on the corresponding cylinder head is closed by the control piston, and the piston of the cylinder runs unloaded without gas compression.

[0017] Cooling and lubrication optimization: Low-pressure gas circulation effectively removes cylinder friction heat and residual heat, ensuring suitable cylinder temperature, maintaining optimal oil film lubrication, and preventing lubrication failure and increased wear caused by lubricating oil thinning, evaporation, or carbonization. High-pressure gas, on the other hand, cannot effectively absorb heat and may instead heat the cylinder, leading to poor cooling and heat accumulation. Energy regulation efficiency: Achieving partial load no-load operation avoids energy waste at full load and maintains system efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy regulation device for the refrigeration compressor of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy regulating device of the refrigeration compressor of the present invention in the state of solenoid valve de-energization; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy regulating device of the refrigeration compressor of the present invention in the state where the solenoid valve is energized; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation method of the energy regulation device on a compressor with different numbers of cylinders in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of compressors from other brands in the existing technology.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Cylinder head; 2. Valve plate; 3. Compressor piston; 4. Exhaust chamber; 5. Intake chamber; 6. Solenoid valve coil; 7. Solenoid valve core; 8. Solenoid valve body; 9. Control piston; 10. Throttling orifice; 11. Return spring; 12. Connecting cavity one; 13. Connecting cavity two; 14. Sliding sleeve; 15. Mounting bolt; 16. Movable cavity; 17. Intake channel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0021] The invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a refrigeration compressor energy regulating device is disclosed. The compressor has multiple sets of cylinder heads 1, and the energy regulating device is installed on the cylinder heads 1 of the compressor, comprising: The solenoid valve body 8 and the control piston 9 are provided. An intake passage 17 is provided between the intake chamber 5 and the compression chamber of the compressor. The control piston 9 is controlled by the solenoid valve to switch the opening and closing state of the intake passage 17. A throttling orifice 10 is provided on the control piston 9. When the compressor is operating at full load, the intake passage 17 is open; when the compressor is operating at partial load, the intake passage 17 on the corresponding cylinder head 1 is closed by the control piston 9, and the compressor piston 3 operates without gas compression.

[0022] Working principle: This energy regulating device adopts the principle of closing the intake passage 17, that is, a control piston 9 cuts off the intake gas passage to each cylinder of the control piston 9; when the compressor is running at full load, the solenoid valve coil 6 is not energized, and the gas passage on the valve plate 2 and cylinder head 1 is in the open state; when the compressor is running at partial load, the solenoid valve coil 6 is energized, and the intake passage 17 on the corresponding cylinder head 1 is closed by the control piston 9, and the piston of the cylinder runs unloaded without gas compression.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, when the solenoid valve is energized, the intake passage 17 on the cylinder head 1 is closed. At this time, in other brands of compressors in the prior art, high-pressure gas circulates through the throttle orifice 10 on the control piston 9. In this technical solution, low-pressure gas circulates through the throttle orifice 10 on the control piston 9. The piston chamber cools the cylinder by drawing in a small amount of low-pressure gas, ensuring that the oil film lubrication is in optimal condition. However, the small amount of high-pressure gas drawn in by other brands of compressors cannot effectively cool the cylinder.

[0024] At the same time, such as Figure 4 As shown, the energy regulation device is installed differently on compressors with different numbers of cylinders. A four-cylinder compressor has one set of energy regulation devices with a cooling capacity adjustment range of 45-55%, while a six-cylinder compressor has two sets of energy regulation devices with a cooling capacity adjustment range of 33%-66%. The specific locations of the energy regulation devices are shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, Capacity Regulation (CR) refers to controlling the output capacity of a refrigeration system, i.e., cooling capacity or energy output, by adjusting the compressor's suction volume or cylinder operating state. In reciprocating compressors, this regulation allows for partial load operation, avoiding energy waste under full load and maintaining system efficiency. CR1 corresponds to one cylinder, and CR2 corresponds to another cylinder; this is common in multi-cylinder compressors and is used for graded regulation to refine capacity control.

[0026] More specifically, a small amount of high-pressure gas cannot effectively cool the cylinder. This is primarily because the high-pressure gas typically originates from the compressor's discharge side, and its temperature is often higher, exceeding 80-100°C or even more, depending on the refrigerant and operating conditions. This heat is generated after the gas is compressed. When this hot gas enters the piston chamber or cylinder through the throttle orifice 10 on the control piston 9, it not only fails to effectively absorb the heat within the cylinder but may also further heat the cylinder walls and internal components, resulting in poor cooling and even heat accumulation.

[0027] In contrast, the low-pressure gas comes from the intake side, where it is at a lower temperature. Inhaling a small amount of low-pressure gas allows for better removal of frictional and residual heat generated in the cylinder, ensuring the cylinder temperature remains within a suitable range. This also helps maintain the lubricating properties of the oil film, as high temperatures can thin, evaporate, or carbonize the lubricating oil, affecting its lubrication performance. Low-temperature gas, on the other hand, helps maintain the oil's viscosity and integrity.

[0028] Furthermore, during the throttling process, the expansion of high-pressure gas has limited cooling effect on some refrigerants under high-temperature conditions, and may even have a reverse heating effect, further weakening the cooling capacity. In contrast, the initial low temperature of low-pressure gas gives it a greater cooling advantage during circulation.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, regarding the movement control method of the solenoid valve body 8, the solenoid valve body 8 is mounted on the cylinder head 1. The solenoid valve body 8 includes a valve seat, a solenoid valve coil 6, and a solenoid valve core 7. The solenoid valve body 8 controls the movement of the control piston 9 through the solenoid valve coil 6. A valve plate 2 is provided inside the cylinder of the compressor. When the compressor is operating at full load, the valve plate 2 and the suction passage 17 are simultaneously in the open state.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the actual manufacturing process, the cross-sectional shape of the throttle orifice 10 on the control piston 9 is set to L-shape, and the inner diameter of the throttle orifice 10 is 1.5mm-2.5mm.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, in order to control the sliding installation and reset of the piston 9, a sliding sleeve 14 for controlling the movable installation of the piston 9 is installed on the cylinder head 1, and a reset spring 11 for controlling the reset of the piston 9 is provided inside the sliding sleeve 14.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the sliding sleeve 14 has a movable cavity 16 inside, and a connecting channel 12 and a connecting channel 2 13 are provided between the exhaust cavity 4 and the movable cavity 16. The solenoid valve core 7 is located at the connection between the connecting channel 12 and the connecting channel 2 13.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, when the control piston 9 is in the closed state, the connecting chamber 12 and the connecting chamber 2 13 are in the connected state, and the gas in the exhaust chamber 4 provides downforce to the control piston 9 through the connecting chamber 12 and the connecting chamber 2 13.

[0034] In order to determine the operating status of the compressor and implement the control logic for the solenoid valve body 8, a controller for controlling the operation of the compressor and the solenoid valve body 8 is included. The controller is used to determine whether the compressor is in a full-load operating state and output a control signal to the solenoid valve body 8.

[0035] Regarding the basic structure of the compressor, the compressor includes an intake chamber 5 and an exhaust chamber 4, with an intake passage 17 disposed between the intake chamber 5 and the exhaust chamber 4. Meanwhile, to facilitate the installation of the solenoid valve body 8, the cylinder head 1 is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the solenoid valve body 8 is installed on the solenoid valve body 8 using mounting bolts 15 that engage with the internal threaded hole.

[0036] In summary, the present invention also has the following combined effects: The energy regulating device for the refrigeration compressor of this invention is installed on multiple cylinder heads 1, and mainly includes a solenoid valve body 8 and a control piston 9. The device operates on the principle of closing the intake passage 17. The control piston 9 cuts off the intake gas passage to each cylinder, achieving non-hot gas bypass and stopping intake, eliminating the need for intake pressure control. Details are as follows: Full load operation: Solenoid valve coil 6 is not energized, the gas passages on valve plate 2 and cylinder head 1 are open, intake passage 17 is open, and gas enters the compression chamber normally for compression.

[0037] Partial load operation: When the solenoid valve coil 6 is energized, the solenoid valve core 7 controls the movement of the control piston 9 through the solenoid valve body 8, closing the intake passage 17 on the corresponding cylinder head 1. The compressor piston 3 operates under no-load conditions without gas compression. At the same time, low-pressure gas circulates through the throttling orifice 10 on the control piston 9, drawing in a small amount of low-pressure gas into the piston chamber.

[0038] Control Mechanism: The control piston 9 is movably mounted within the sliding sleeve 14, and the return spring 11 is used for resetting. The movable chamber 16 is connected to the exhaust chamber 4 through connecting chamber one 12 and connecting chamber two 13. When the control piston 9 is closed, connecting chamber one 12 and connecting chamber two 13 are connected, and the gas in the exhaust chamber 4 provides downward pressure to push the control piston 9. The controller determines whether the compressor is operating at full load and outputs a control signal to control the solenoid valve body 8.

[0039] Capacity adjustment: Output capacity is controlled by adjusting the intake volume or cylinder operating status. CR1 and CR2 correspond to different cylinders and are used for graded adjustment. The four-cylinder compressor has one set of energy adjustment devices, with a cooling capacity adjustment range of 45-55%; the six-cylinder compressor has two sets, with a range of 33%-66%.

[0040] Gas circulation difference: Unlike other brands, this device uses low-pressure gas from the intake side, which is at a lower temperature and circulates through the throttling orifice 10 to cool the cylinder. Other brands use high-pressure gas circulation. High-pressure gas expands and cools less during the throttling process, and may even heat in the opposite direction.

[0041] Cooling and Lubrication Optimization: Low-pressure gas circulation effectively removes cylinder friction heat and residual heat, ensuring suitable cylinder temperature, maintaining optimal oil film lubrication, and preventing lubrication failure and increased wear caused by oil thinning, evaporation, or carbonization. High-pressure gas, on the other hand, cannot effectively absorb heat and may instead heat the cylinder, resulting in poor cooling and heat accumulation. Energy Regulation Efficiency: Enables partial load no-load operation, avoiding energy waste at full load and maintaining system efficiency. The adjustment range is flexible according to the number of cylinders, simplifying the structure, eliminating the need for additional pressure control, and reducing maintenance costs. Overall Performance Improvement: Through precise opening and closing switching of the solenoid valve and control piston 9, the reliability and lifespan of the compressor are improved, making it suitable for high-efficiency capacity control of multi-cylinder compressors.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor, wherein the compressor has multiple sets of cylinder heads (1), and the energy regulating device is mounted on the cylinder heads (1) of the compressor, characterized in that, include: The solenoid valve body (8) and the control piston (9) are provided. An air intake passage (17) is provided between the air intake chamber (5) and the compression chamber of the compressor. The control piston (9) switches the opening and closing state of the air intake passage (17) by the control of the solenoid valve. A throttling orifice (10) is provided on the control piston (9). When the compressor is in full-load operation, the intake passage (17) is in the open state; when the compressor is in partial-load operation, the intake passage (17) on the corresponding cylinder head (1) is closed by the control piston (9), and the compressor piston (3) runs unloaded without gas compression.

2. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solenoid valve body (8) is mounted on the cylinder head (1). The solenoid valve body (8) includes a valve seat, a solenoid valve coil (6) and a solenoid valve core (7). The solenoid valve body (8) controls the movement of the control piston (9) through the solenoid valve coil (6).

3. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compressor cylinder is equipped with a valve plate (2). When the compressor is in full-load operation, the valve plate (2) and the suction channel (17) are in the open state at the same time.

4. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The throttle orifice (10) on the control piston (9) has an L-shaped cross-section and an inner diameter of 1.5mm-2.5mm.

5. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylinder head (1) is equipped with a sliding sleeve (14) for controlling the movement of the piston (9), and the sliding sleeve (14) is provided with a return spring (11) for controlling the piston (9) to reset.

6. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve (14) has an internal movable cavity (16), and a connecting cavity one (12) and a connecting cavity two (13) are provided between the exhaust cavity (4) and the movable cavity (16). The solenoid valve core (7) is located at the connection between the connecting cavity one (12) and the connecting cavity two (13).

7. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the control piston (9) is in the closed state, the connecting chamber one (12) and the connecting chamber two (13) are connected, and the gas in the exhaust chamber (4) provides downforce to the control piston (9) through the connecting chamber one (12) and the connecting chamber two (13).

8. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a controller for controlling the operation of the compressor and the solenoid valve body (8), the controller being used to determine whether the compressor is operating at full load and to output a control signal to the solenoid valve body (8).

9. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder head (1) is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the solenoid valve body (8) is installed on the solenoid valve body (8) by means of mounting bolts (15) and the internal threaded hole.

10. The energy regulating device for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The compressor includes an intake chamber (5) and an exhaust chamber (4), and an intake passage (17) is disposed between the intake chamber (5) and the exhaust chamber (4).

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