Efficient energy-saving solar water heater with anti-freezing structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar water heaters, in particular to an efficient and energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freezing structure, which comprises a solar water heater body, and the solar water heater body comprises a mounting frame, a hot water tank and a heat collector body; the anti-freezing film is arranged below the heat collector body in parallel and is in a rolled state when not unfolded; according to the efficient energy-saving solar water heater with the anti-freezing structure, the heat collector body can be effectively prevented from being blocked by accumulated snow and cracked by an ice layer through covering protection of the anti-freezing film, and then the purposes of guaranteeing the photo-thermal conversion efficiency, prolonging the service life of equipment and reducing the maintenance cost are achieved; the heat tracing band and the anti-freezing film are synchronously wound and unwound, the anti-freezing function is achieved, meanwhile, the influence on the light receiving amount of the heat collector is reduced, and the anti-freezing and heat collecting effects are considered; the light compensation assembly can supplement illumination of the heat collector, light receiving loss caused by the anti-freezing film, the winding and unwinding assembly and the protection box is further made up, and therefore the photothermal conversion efficiency is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar water heater technology, specifically to a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure. Background Technology

[0002] High-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heaters, as a clean and renewable energy utilization device, have been widely used in various scenarios such as homes, hotels, schools, and office buildings, becoming one of the important devices for solving the problem of domestic hot water supply.

[0003] Compared to traditional hot water supply equipment, high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heaters have significant advantages: First, they are clean and environmentally friendly. Relying on solar radiation energy for photothermal conversion, they do not consume fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, and there are no emissions of waste gas, wastewater, or waste residue, thus causing no pollution to the environment. Second, they are energy-efficient. As a free renewable energy source, solar energy can significantly reduce the operating costs of hot water supply, and the high-efficiency collector structure can increase the solar energy conversion efficiency to over 25%. Third, they have a long service life. The reasonable combination of high-quality collectors, insulated water tanks, and brackets allows them to have a normal service life of over 15 years, with low maintenance costs. Fourth, they have a wide range of applications. The installation method can be flexibly designed according to different scenario needs, adapting to various types of buildings in urban and rural areas, and meeting the hot water supply needs of different scales.

[0004] Currently, high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heaters have been widely used in various regions of northern and southern my country. In residential settings, they are mainly used for domestic hot water supply such as washing, showering, and kitchen water, while in commercial and public settings, they are used for centralized hot water supply.

[0005] However, in actual use, especially in cold northern regions or areas with frequent rain and snow, existing high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heaters, while having good low-temperature protection at the pipe and tank interfaces, lack adequate protection for the collectors, severely impacting their performance and lifespan. Firstly, during rain and snow, the collector surface is easily covered by snow, which blocks solar radiation, preventing the collector from effectively absorbing solar energy, significantly reducing photothermal conversion efficiency, and even causing a failure to produce hot water. Secondly, in cold, rainy or snowy weather, when the ambient temperature drops below 0°C, ice easily forms on the collector. The expanding ice can crack the collector's inner tank and interface seals, causing leaks. This not only requires costly repairs but also renders the equipment unusable, severely hindering the promotion and application of high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heaters in cold, rainy, and snowy regions. Furthermore, providing freeze protection for the collectors inevitably requires adding components, which affects the amount of sunlight the collectors receive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, a high-efficiency, energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure is provided. The antifreeze film effectively solves the problems of rain and snow covering the collector and low-temperature icing, preventing snow accumulation and ice from cracking the collector body. This ensures high photothermal conversion efficiency, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces maintenance costs. The heating tape and antifreeze film are retracted and extended synchronously, achieving antifreeze protection while minimizing the impact on the amount of sunlight received by the collector, balancing antifreeze and heat collection effects. A light compensation component supplements the collector's illumination, further compensating for light loss caused by the antifreeze film, the retractable assembly, and the protective box, thereby further improving photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0007] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure, comprising: A solar water heater body, comprising a mounting bracket, a hot water tank, and a collector body; The antifreeze film is positioned parallel to the bottom of the collector body and is rolled up when not unfolded. There are two guide rails, which are located at both ends of the collector body and are set parallel to it. Each of the two guide rails has a guide groove on an adjacent side to guide the antifreeze film to unfold and cover the outside of the collector body. The two guide rails are respectively installed on the hot water tank and the mounting bracket. The unwinding and winding assembly is used to drive the antifreeze film to unfold and wind up along the guide rail; A control drive assembly is located at the end of the take-up and unwind assembly and drives its operation. The control drive assembly includes a light sensor, a temperature and rain integrated sensor, a driver, and a controller. The light sensor and the integrated temperature and rain sensor are both electrically connected to the controller and are used to detect ambient light intensity, ambient temperature and rain / snow conditions, respectively. The controller is electrically connected to the driver, and the driver is drive-connected to the take-up and unwinding assembly; The protective box is located parallel to the bottom of the collector body and installed at the bottom of the guide rail. The winding and unwinding assembly, drive and controller are all located inside the protective box. The antifreeze film has a double-layer cavity, and a heat tracing cable is installed inside the double-layer cavity. The heat tracing cable can be unfolded and rolled up synchronously with the antifreeze film. The light compensation component is located between the protective box and the collector body and is installed above the protective box to supplement the light to the collector body.

[0008] Preferably, the heat tracing cable is arranged along the length of the antifreeze film and is electrically connected to the controller to control the start and stop of the heat tracing cable according to the ambient temperature.

[0009] Preferably, the light compensation component includes an isosceles triangular reflector and a mounting frame, the collector body has several strip-shaped intervals, and the isosceles triangular reflector is located directly below the intervals.

[0010] Preferably, a mounting bracket is provided on one side of the mounting frame. The mounting bracket is located at the bottom of the mounting frame and the solar collector body, and the mounting bracket extends vertically to its top, which is higher than the guide rail at the mounting frame. The light sensor and the integrated temperature and rain sensor are installed on the top of the mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the antifreeze film has a traction end and a winding end, and the unwinding / winding assembly includes: A take-up roller, on which the take-up end of the antifreeze film is connected; A pull rope, which has a connecting end and a fixing end, wherein the connecting end of the pull rope is connected to the traction end of the antifreeze film; The traction roller has the fixed end of the pull rope connected to it, and the driver is connected to the traction roller for driving the traction roller to rotate so as to unfold or rewind the antifreeze film. The transmission gears are provided in two parts, which are respectively mounted on the take-up roller and the traction roller, and the two transmission gears mesh with each other to realize the meshing transmission between the take-up roller and the traction roller.

[0012] Preferably, the protective box is equipped with a box cover on top, and the bottom of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the protective box.

[0013] Preferably, the isosceles triangular reflector is installed on the top of the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is used to leave a rinsing gap between the isosceles triangular reflector and the box cover.

[0014] Preferably, both the box cover and the guide rail are provided with slots that mate with the traction end of the antifreeze film and the connection end of the pull rope; A scraper bar for scraping and cleaning the surface of the antifreeze film is also provided between the two guide rails.

[0015] Preferably, the antifreeze film covers the outside of the solar collector body when fully unfolded, and is stored in a protective box when rolled up.

[0016] Preferably, the controller controls the driver to automatically unfold or rewind the antifreeze film based on the signals from the light sensor and the integrated temperature and rain sensor.

[0017] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. By covering the collector with an antifreeze film, the problems of rain and snow covering and low-temperature icing can be effectively solved, avoiding snow accumulation and ice layer cracking of the collector body, thereby ensuring the photothermal conversion efficiency, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0018] 2. The heating tape and antifreeze film are retracted and extended simultaneously, which reduces the impact on the amount of light received by the solar collector while achieving the antifreeze function, thus balancing the antifreeze and heat collection effects.

[0019] 3. The light compensation component can supplement the solar collector's illumination and further compensate for the light loss caused by the antifreeze film, winding and unwinding components and protective box, thereby further improving the photothermal conversion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the mounting bracket and protective box of a high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket and protective box of a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with antifreeze structure, viewed from below.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective box and light compensation component of a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail and protective box structure of a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with antifreeze structure.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the protective box of a high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the winding and unwinding assembly and protective box of a high-efficiency and energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antifreeze membrane and heat tracing cable cross-section of a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an antifreeze structure.

[0029] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Solar water heater body; 1a. Mounting bracket; 1a1. Mounting support; 1b. Hot water tank; 1c. Collector body; 2. Antifreeze film; 2a. Heat tracing cable; 3. Guide rail; 3a. Scraper bar; 4. Winding assembly; 4a. Winding roller; 4b. Pull rope; 4c. Traction roller; 4d. Transmission gear; 5. Control and drive assembly; 5a. Light sensor; 5b. Integrated temperature and rain sensor; 5c. Driver; 5d. Controller; 6. Protective box; 6a. Box cover; 7. Light compensation assembly; 7a. Isosceles triangular reflector; 7b. Mounting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure includes: The solar water heater body 1 includes a mounting bracket 1a, a hot water tank 1b, and a collector body 1c.

[0032] It should be noted that the mounting frame 1a is made of high-strength galvanized steel plate bent into one piece, and the hot water tank 1b is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting frame 1a. It is used to store hot water heated by the heat collection tube 1c. It is equipped with inlet and outlet for easy connection to indoor water supply pipes. The collector tube array 1c consists of several vacuum collector tubes arranged in parallel. The two ends of each vacuum collector tube are connected to the hot water tank 1b and the mounting bracket 1a, respectively, forming a closed collector circuit. It is used to absorb solar radiation energy and convert it into heat energy to heat the cold water in the hot water tank 1b.

[0033] See Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the antifreeze film 2 is arranged parallel to the bottom of the collector body 1c and is in a rolled-up state when not unfolded. There are two guide rails 3, which are located at both ends of the collector body 1c and are set parallel to it. Each of the two guide rails 3 has a guide groove on its adjacent side to guide the antifreeze film 2 to unfold and cover the outside of the collector body 1c. The two guide rails 3 are respectively installed on the hot water tank 1b and the mounting bracket 1a.

[0034] The unwinding and winding assembly 4 is used to drive the antifreeze film 2 to unfold and wind up along the guide rail 3.

[0035] It should be noted that the antifreeze film 2 is made of low-temperature resistant and anti-aging PVC material, which has good flexibility and waterproof properties. When not unfolded, it is rolled up, which is convenient for storage and does not affect the normal light reception of the heat collection tube array 1c.

[0036] The width of the guide rail 3 is matched with the thickness of the antifreeze film 2, which can smoothly guide the antifreeze film 2 to unfold and rewind smoothly along the guide rail under the action of the unwinding and winding assembly 4, and prevent the antifreeze film 2 from deviating or getting stuck during the movement.

[0037] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the control drive component 5 is located at the end of the take-up and unwind assembly 4 and drives its operation. The control drive component 5 includes a light sensor 5a, a temperature and rain integrated sensor 5b, a driver 5c, and a controller 5d. The light sensor 5a and the temperature and rain integrated sensor 5b are both electrically connected to the controller 5d and are used to detect ambient light intensity, ambient temperature and rain and snow conditions, respectively. The controller 5d is electrically connected to the driver 5c, and the driver 5c is drive-connected to the take-up and untake-down assembly 4.

[0038] It should be noted that the control drive component 5 is in transmission cooperation with the take-up and unwinding component 4 to drive the take-up and unwinding component 4 to work, and at the same time realize automatic control.

[0039] Among them, the light sensor 5a is a photoresistor sensor, and the temperature and rain integrated sensor 5b is a capacitive temperature and rain integrated sensor. Both are electrically connected to the controller 5d through wires, and are used to detect the light intensity and rain and snow conditions in the environment in real time, and transmit the detected electrical signals to the controller 5d.

[0040] The controller 5d is a PLC controller, which integrates a signal receiving module, a signal processing module and a control output module. It is electrically connected to the driver 5c. The driver 5c is a geared motor, which is connected to the take-up and unwinding assembly 4. The controller 5d can control the start, stop and rotation direction of the driver 5c according to the signals transmitted by the light sensor 5a and the temperature and rain integrated sensor 5b, thereby driving the take-up and unwinding assembly 4 to move.

[0041] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the protective box 6 is arranged parallel to the bottom of the collector body 1c and installed at the bottom of the guide rail 3. The winding and unwinding assembly 4, the driver 5c and the controller 5d are all located inside the protective box 6.

[0042] It should be noted that the unwinding and winding assembly 4 is installed inside the protective box 6. Its core function is to drive the antifreeze film 2 to unfold and wind up along the guide groove of the guide rail 3, so as to achieve selective protection of the heat collection tube row 1c.

[0043] Furthermore, the protective box 6 allows for centralized storage of the winding and unwinding assembly 4, the driver 5c, and the controller 5d, providing both protection and facilitating subsequent maintenance.

[0044] See Figure 9 As shown, the antifreeze film 2 has a sandwich cavity, and a heat tracing cable 2a is installed in the sandwich cavity. The heat tracing cable 2a can be unfolded and rolled up synchronously with the antifreeze film 2.

[0045] It should be noted that the heat tracing cable 2a is a self-regulating heat tracing cable, the length of which is the same as that of the antifreeze film 2. It can be unfolded and rolled up synchronously with the antifreeze film 2, and will not break or be damaged due to the unfolding or rolling up of the antifreeze film 2.

[0046] See Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the light compensation component 7 is located between the protective box 6 and the collector body 1c and is installed above the protective box 6, and is used to supplement the light to the collector body 1c.

[0047] It should be noted that the core function of the light compensation component 7 is to supplement the light to the heat collection tube array 1c to compensate for the light loss caused by the installation of the antifreeze film 2, the winding and unwinding assembly 4 and the protective box 6, thereby further improving the photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0048] See Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the heat tracing cable 2a is arranged along the length of the antifreeze film 2 and is electrically connected to the controller 5d to control the start and stop of the heat tracing cable 2a according to the ambient temperature.

[0049] It should be noted that the axis of the heat tracing cable 2a is aligned with the length of the antifreeze film 2 and is located in the middle of the interlayer cavity of the antifreeze film 2. This avoids the heat tracing cable 2a shifting, which could lead to poor local antifreeze performance. When the integrated temperature and rain sensor 5b detects that the ambient temperature has dropped below 0℃, the controller 5d automatically controls the heat tracing cable 2a to start. The heat tracing cable 2a generates heat, which is transferred to the antifreeze film 2, thereby providing insulation and antifreeze for the heat collection tube array 1c. When the ambient temperature rises above 5℃, the controller 5d controls the heat tracing cable 2a to stop working, avoiding energy waste and realizing automated start-stop control of the heat tracing cable 2a.

[0050] Furthermore, the addition of the heat tracing cable 2a can melt the snow covering the outside of the antifreeze film 2 in a timely manner, allowing the antifreeze film 2 to be easily retracted in cold but sunny weather.

[0051] See Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the light compensation component 7 includes an isosceles triangular reflector 7a and a mounting frame 7b. The collector body 1c has several strip-shaped intervals, and the isosceles triangular reflector 7a is located directly below the intervals.

[0052] It should be noted that the collector body 1c is composed of multiple collector tubes arranged side by side, with several strip-shaped intervals between adjacent collector tubes. The isosceles triangular reflective column 7a is positioned directly below the strip-shaped intervals, which can reflect the light that shines on its surface to the light-receiving surface of the collector body 1c, thereby compensating for light loss and improving the overall photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0053] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a mounting bracket 1a1 is provided on one side of the mounting frame 1a. The mounting bracket 1a1 is located at the bottom of the mounting frame 1a and the collector body 1c, and the mounting bracket 1a1 extends vertically to the guide rail 3 above the mounting frame 1a. The light sensor 5a and the temperature and rain integrated sensor 5b are installed on the top of the mounting bracket 1a1.

[0054] It should be noted that both the light sensor 5a and the integrated temperature and rain sensor 5b are mounted on the top of the mounting bracket 1a1, which can stably and accurately collect ambient light, temperature and rain and snow information, providing reliable detection signals for the controller 5d.

[0055] See Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the antifreeze film 2 has a traction end and a winding end, and the winding / unwinding assembly 4 includes: The take-up roller 4a is connected to the take-up end of the antifreeze film 2; Pull rope 4b, the pull rope 4b having a connecting end and a fixing end, the connecting end of the pull rope 4b being connected to the traction end of the antifreeze film 2; The traction roller 4c is connected to the fixed end of the pull rope 4b. The driver 5c is connected to the traction roller 4c for driving the traction roller 4c to rotate so as to unfold or rewind the antifreeze film 2. There are two transmission gears 4d, which are respectively mounted on the take-up roller 4a and the traction roller 4c, and the two transmission gears 4d mesh with each other to realize the meshing transmission between the take-up roller 4a and the traction roller 4c.

[0056] It should be noted that the driver 5c uses a geared motor, the body of which is fixed inside the protective box 6. The output shaft of the geared motor is connected to the end of the traction roller 4c through a coupling. When the geared motor is powered on, the output shaft drives the traction roller 4c to rotate around its own axis through the coupling, providing power for the unfolding and winding of the antifreeze film 2.

[0057] When low temperature rain and snow occur, the driver 5c drives the traction roller 4c to rotate, the traction roller 4c winds the pull rope 4b, and the pull rope 4b pulls the traction end of the antifreeze film 2 to move upward along the guide groove of the guide rail 3; at the same time, the traction roller 4c drives the take-up roller 4a to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission gear 4d, so that the antifreeze film 2 is smoothly unfolded and gradually covers the outside of the collector body 1c.

[0058] When there is sufficient light, the driver 5c rotates in the reverse direction, the traction roller 4c releases the pull rope 4b, and the winding roller 4a synchronously winds in the reverse direction under the drive of the transmission gear 4d, winding the antifreeze film 2 back into the winding state; during the winding process, the scraper 3a contacts the surface of the antifreeze film 2 and scrapes and cleans its surface, and finally the antifreeze film 2 is completely stored in the protective box 6.

[0059] The transmission gear 4d is designed to keep the take-up roller 4a and the traction roller 4c rotating synchronously, ensuring that the unfolding and winding of the antifreeze film 2 is smooth, synchronous, and without jamming.

[0060] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the protective box 6 is equipped with a box cover 6a on the top, and the bottom of the mounting frame 7b is fixedly connected to the protective box 6.

[0061] It should be noted that the cover 6a and the protective box 6 work together to form a closed space. The bottom of the mounting frame 7b of the light compensation component 7 is fixedly connected to the protective box 6. The connection is firm, the overall structure is stable, and it can ensure that the position of the isosceles triangular reflector 7a is accurate and will not shift during long-term use.

[0062] See Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the isosceles triangular reflector 7a is installed on the top of the mounting frame 7b, and the mounting frame 7b is used to leave a rinsing gap between the isosceles triangular reflector 7a and the box cover 6a.

[0063] It should be noted that this gap facilitates the later cleaning and rinsing of the surface of the isosceles triangular reflector 7a and the box cover 6a, preventing dust and debris from accumulating and affecting the reflective effect, while also improving the structure's heat dissipation and ventilation capabilities and extending its service life.

[0064] See Figure 3 As shown, both the box cover 6a and the guide rail 3 are provided with slots that cooperate with the traction end of the antifreeze film 2 and the connecting end of the pull rope 4b. A scraper 3a is also provided between the two guide rails 3 for scraping and cleaning the surface of the antifreeze film 2.

[0065] It should be noted that the scraper 3a is in contact with the surface of the antifreeze film 2. When the antifreeze film 2 is rolled up, the scraper 3a can scrape and clean the surface of the antifreeze film 2, removing dust, snow, water stains, etc., keeping the antifreeze film 2 clean and improving its service life and protective effect.

[0066] See Figure 7 As shown, when the antifreeze film 2 is fully unfolded, it covers the outside of the collector body 1c, and when rolled up, it is stored in the protective box 6.

[0067] It should be noted that when the antifreeze film 2 is fully unfolded, it completely covers the outside of the collector body 1c, achieving comprehensive shielding and antifreeze protection. When the weather is good and no protection is needed, the antifreeze film 2 can be rolled up by the unwinding assembly 4 and completely stored in the protective box 6, without obstructing the collector body 1c, thus ensuring normal heat collection efficiency.

[0068] See Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, the controller 5d controls the driver 5c to drive the unwinding and rewinding assembly 4 to automatically unfold or rewind the antifreeze film 2 based on the signals from the light sensor 5a and the integrated temperature and rain sensor 5b.

[0069] It should be noted that the controller 5d makes judgments based on the light signal detected by the light sensor 5a and the rain / snow and temperature signals detected by the integrated temperature and rain sensor 5b. When there is insufficient light, rain / snow, or low temperature, the controller 5d controls the driver 5c to automatically unfold the antifreeze film 2. When the weather improves and there is sufficient light, the controller 5d controls the winding assembly 4 to automatically wind up the antifreeze film 2 without manual operation.

[0070] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure, characterized in that, include: The solar water heater body (1) includes a mounting bracket (1a), a hot water tank (1b), and a collector body (1c). The antifreeze film (2) is arranged parallel to the bottom of the collector body (1c) and is rolled up when not unfolded; There are two guide rails (3), which are located at both ends of the collector body (1c) and are set parallel to it. Each of the two guide rails (3) has a guide groove on its adjacent side to guide the antifreeze film (2) to unfold and cover the outside of the collector body (1c). The two guide rails (3) are installed on the hot water tank (1b) and the mounting bracket (1a) respectively. The unwinding and winding assembly (4) is used to drive the antifreeze film (2) to unfold and wind up along the guide rail (3); A control drive assembly (5) is located at the end of the take-up and unwind assembly (4) and drives its operation. The control drive assembly (5) includes a light sensor (5a), a temperature and rain integrated sensor (5b), a driver (5c), and a controller (5d). The light sensor (5a) and the temperature and rain integrated sensor (5b) are both electrically connected to the controller (5d) and are used to detect ambient light intensity, ambient temperature and rain and snow conditions, respectively. The controller (5d) is electrically connected to the driver (5c), and the driver (5c) is drive-connected to the take-up and unwind assembly (4); The protective box (6) is arranged parallel to the bottom of the collector body (1c) and installed at the bottom of the guide rail (3). The winding and unwinding assembly (4), the driver (5c) and the controller (5d) are all located inside the protective box (6). The antifreeze film (2) is provided with a double-layer cavity, and a heat tracing cable (2a) is installed in the double-layer cavity. The heat tracing cable (2a) can be unfolded and rolled up synchronously with the antifreeze film (2). The light compensation component (7) is located between the protective box (6) and the collector body (1c) and is installed above the protective box (6) to supplement the light to the collector body (1c).

2. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat tracing cable (2a) is arranged along the length of the antifreeze film (2) and is electrically connected to the controller (5d) to control the start and stop of the heat tracing cable (2a) according to the ambient temperature.

3. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light compensation component (7) includes an isosceles triangular reflector (7a) and a mounting frame (7b). The collector body (1c) has several strip-shaped intervals, and the isosceles triangular reflector (7a) is located directly below the intervals.

4. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mounting bracket (1a1) is provided on one side of the mounting frame (1a). The mounting bracket (1a1) is located at the bottom of the mounting frame (1a) and the collector body (1c). The mounting bracket (1a1) extends vertically to the guide rail (3) at its top, which is higher than the mounting frame (1a). The light sensor (5a) and the temperature and rain integrated sensor (5b) are installed on the top of the mounting bracket (1a1).

5. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antifreeze film (2) has a traction end and a winding end, and the winding and unwinding assembly (4) includes: A take-up roller (4a) is provided on which the take-up end of the antifreeze film (2) is connected; Pull rope (4b), the pull rope (4b) has a connecting end and a fixing end, the connecting end of the pull rope (4b) is connected to the traction end of the antifreeze film (2); The traction roller (4c) has the fixed end of the pull rope (4b) connected to the traction roller (4c), and the driver (5c) is connected to the traction roller (4c) for driving the traction roller (4c) to rotate so as to drive the antifreeze film (2) to unfold or rewind. There are two transmission gears (4d), which are respectively installed on the take-up roller (4a) and the traction roller (4c), and the two transmission gears (4d) mesh with each other to realize the meshing transmission between the take-up roller (4a) and the traction roller (4c).

6. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The protective box (6) is fitted with a box cover (6a) on top, and the bottom of the mounting frame (7b) is fixedly connected to the protective box (6).

7. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The isosceles triangular reflector (7a) is installed on the top of the mounting frame (7b), which is used to leave a rinsing gap between the isosceles triangular reflector (7a) and the box cover (6a).

8. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the box cover (6a) and the guide rail (3) are provided with slots that cooperate with the traction end of the antifreeze film (2) and the connecting end of the pull rope (4b); A scraper (3a) for scraping and cleaning the surface of the antifreeze film (2) is also provided between the two guide rails (3).

9. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the antifreeze film (2) is fully unfolded, it covers the outside of the collector body (1c), and when rolled up, it is stored in the protective box (6).

10. A high-efficiency energy-saving solar water heater with an anti-freeze structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (5d) controls the driver (5c) to drive the unwinding and rewinding assembly (4) to automatically unfold or rewind the antifreeze film (2) based on the signals from the light sensor (5a) and the temperature and rain integrated sensor (5b).

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