Rock multi-parameter detection device capable of adaptively regulating and controlling coupling state

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock multi-parameter detection device capable of adaptively regulating and controlling a coupling state, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering experiments. The device comprises a weighing unit for placing a rock sample and measuring the mass of the rock sample, a centering and transverse measuring unit for automatically centering and clamping the rock sample and measuring the transverse size of the rock sample, and a longitudinal clamping and measuring unit for clamping the end part of the rock sample and measuring the length of the rock sample, the coupling and detection unit is used for adaptively adjusting an ultrasonic coupling environment and carrying out sound wave detection; and the control unit is used for cooperatively controlling actions of all parts, collecting sensor data and carrying out edge calculation. The weighing unit, the centering and transverse measuring unit, the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit, the coupling and detecting unit and the control unit are integrally arranged, so that synchronous acquisition of the mass, the diameter, the length and the wave velocity of a rock sample on a single station is realized; and the precision, the efficiency and the data reliability of rock physical and mechanical parameter detection are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state, and more particularly to an intelligent detection device that can achieve synchronous and accurate acquisition of multiple physical and mechanical parameters by actively controlling the ultrasonic coupling state, belonging to the field of geotechnical engineering experimental testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Obtaining accurate rock physical and mechanical parameters is the cornerstone for evaluating rock mechanical properties, providing early warning of geological hazards, and designing engineering structures. However, current conventional parameter detection methods and devices have significant shortcomings in terms of data reliability, process integration, and level of intelligence. Uncertainty in coupling state restricts data reliability: Existing devices mostly use manual application of coupling agent, which cannot guarantee uniformity and contact pressure, resulting in random deviations in the boundary conditions of sound wave propagation, which seriously affects the repeatability of measurement data.

[0003] Fragmented testing processes lead to inefficiency: rock samples need to be transferred between multiple independent devices such as electronic balances, calipers, and ultrasonic instruments. Frequent handling is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to geometric alignment errors. Furthermore, the data from each device are isolated from each other, making it difficult to achieve spatiotemporal alignment.

[0004] The pressure loading mode lacks standardized feedback: it lacks real-time mapping of stress distribution at the contact interface, and even slight eccentricity can lead to signal waveform distortion.

[0005] Data acquisition and processing lack real-time linkage: It lacks the functions of instant direct reading of parameters and in-depth analysis of full wave train signals, making it difficult to automatically screen the internal micro-evolution characteristics of rock samples during the measurement process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide an integrated intelligent rock detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state, to solve the technical problems in the prior art such as uncontrollable coupling state of ultrasonic detection, fragmented detection process, lack of standardized feedback of pressure loading mode, and lack of real-time linkage between data acquisition and processing. The specific solution is as follows: A multi-parameter rock detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state, the detection device comprising: Weighing unit, used to place rock samples and measure their mass; A centering and lateral measurement unit is located above the weighing unit and is used to automatically center and clamp the rock sample and measure its lateral dimensions. The longitudinal clamping and measuring units are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the weighing unit, and are used to clamp the ends of the rock sample and measure the length of the rock sample. A coupling and detection unit is disposed at one end of the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit facing the rock sample. The coupling and detection unit establishes and adaptively adjusts the ultrasonic coupling environment and performs acoustic wave detection by contacting the end face of the rock sample. The control unit is connected to the weighing unit, the centering and lateral measurement unit, the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit, and the coupling and detection unit. The control unit is used to coordinate the operation of each component, collect sensor data, and perform edge computing.

[0007] Preferably, the weighing unit comprises, from bottom to top, the following components arranged sequentially: Weighing base, S-shaped tension and compression sensor, top load-bearing plate, and loading platform; The weighing base has a box-shaped structure with an open top. The S-shaped tension and compression sensors are provided in a plurality of arrays distributed in the inner cavity of the weighing base, and the S-shaped tension and compression sensors are connected to the control unit. The top support plate is located on the top outer side of the weighing base, and the top support plate is installed on top of the S-shaped tension and compression sensor; The loading platform is installed at the center of the top outer side of the top load-bearing plate.

[0008] Preferably, the coupling and detection unit includes a probe and an ultrasound host module; The probe is positioned between the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit and the end face of the rock sample. The probe includes a housing and an adaptive microporous flexible membrane, a partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity, a microforce sensing array grid, a transducer, and an omnidirectional attitude adjustment module, which are arranged sequentially in the housing along the direction away from the rock sample. The adaptive microporous flexible membrane has micron-sized replenishment micropores. One side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane is in contact with the rock sample, and the other side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane is connected to the partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity. The partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber adopts a multi-quadrant independent chamber design, and the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber is connected to a micro piezoelectric driven pump; The controller of the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module is connected to the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit; The ultrasonic host module is installed on one side of the weighing base, and the controller of the ultrasonic host module is connected to the micro piezoelectric drive pump, the transducer, the micro force sensor array grid and the universal attitude adjustment module.

[0009] Preferably, the centering and lateral measurement unit includes: a first measuring instrument, a guide rod, a centering drive mechanism, and two lifting and clamping parts; The two lifting clamping parts and the centering drive mechanism are respectively located on the top of the top load-bearing plate; The two lifting and clamping parts are spaced apart along the extension direction of the weighing base and are located on opposite sides of the loading platform, respectively. The guide rod and the centering drive mechanism are respectively arranged along the extension direction of the weighing base. The guide rod is located on the other two sides of the loading platform. The guide rod passes through the two lifting clamping parts. The two ends of the guide rod are respectively installed above the top load-bearing plate. The centering drive mechanism is located on one side outside the two lifting clamping parts. The centering drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a matching bidirectional threaded rod and nut seat. The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod are respectively installed on the top of the two ends of the top load-bearing plate and rotate along its own axis; Two nut seats are provided, and the two nut seats are threadedly connected to the two opposite threaded sections of the bidirectional threaded rod. The side of the nut seat facing the lifting and clamping part is connected to the lifting and clamping part. The drive motor is mounted on the top of one end of the top load-bearing plate, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod. The first measuring instrument is installed at the other end of the bidirectional threaded rod.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting and clamping part is composed of a V-shaped synchronous centering roller and a V-shaped bracket; The first measuring instrument is a high-position absolute encoder, which is coaxially mounted at the end of a bidirectional threaded rod and is used to record the roller displacement to invert the diameter of the rock sample.

[0011] Preferably, the centering and lateral measuring unit further includes a constant preload mechanism; The constant preload mechanism is used to control the output torque of the drive motor to ensure that the initial clamping force on the rock sample is constant.

[0012] Preferably, the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit includes a second measuring instrument and two longitudinal clamping parts; The two longitudinal clamping parts are located on the outer sides of the centering and transverse measuring units, respectively, and the two longitudinal clamping parts are installed on opposite sides of the weighing base by independent brackets; The second measuring instrument is mounted on any of the longitudinal clamping parts, and the second measuring instrument and the longitudinal clamping parts are respectively connected to the control unit.

[0013] Preferably, the longitudinal clamping part is a closed-loop stepping measuring arm; The second measuring instrument is a high-resolution grating rangefinder.

[0014] Preferably, the control unit includes a PLC controller and an edge computing embedded card, the edge computing embedded card being configured to perform the following operations: The mass of the rock sample is obtained through a weighing unit; The drive centering and lateral measurement unit clamps the rock sample, automatically centers the rock sample, and calculates the lateral dimensions of the rock sample. The longitudinal clamping and measuring unit is driven, and the contact signal of the coupling and detection unit is combined to obtain the length of the rock sample; Based on the pressure cloud map fed back by the micro-force sensing array grid of the coupling and detection unit, the probe angle of the coupling and detection unit is corrected by the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module of the coupling and detection unit, and microfluidic replenishment is applied to the pressure-deficient area through the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber of the coupling and detection unit until the standard coupling state is reached. Triggering ultrasonic excitation and acquisition, based on the acquired mass, lateral dimension, length and acoustic time data, calculate and output wave velocity, density and dynamic mechanical parameters.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This application achieves high-level integration of the weighing unit, centering and lateral measurement unit, longitudinal clamping and measurement unit, coupling and detection unit, and control unit into a physical and control device. This enables synchronous and automatic acquisition of rock sample mass, diameter, length, and wave velocity at a single workstation, completely avoiding secondary centering errors and spatiotemporal misalignment problems caused by traditional multi-device transfer. By using a micro-force sensing array grid inside the intelligent probe in the coupling and detection unit to map the contact interface pressure in real time, combined with a universal attitude adjustment module and zoned microfluidic additive technology, active sensing and closed-loop control of the ultrasonic coupling state are achieved. This effectively solves the core pain points of traditional testing, such as uncontrollable coupling state, fragmented testing process, and delayed data feedback, significantly improving the accuracy, efficiency, data reliability, and standardization of acoustic boundaries in rock physical and mechanical parameter testing.

[0016] This application utilizes the micro-force sensing array grid inside the intelligent probe in the coupling and detection unit to map the contact interface pressure in real time. Combined with the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module and the partitioned microfluidic supplement, it realizes the active perception and closed-loop control of the ultrasonic coupling state, ensuring the standardization and repeatability of the acoustic boundary.

[0017] The edge computing embedded card in the control unit of this application realizes logical verification of data authenticity and preliminary diagnosis of rock samples based on full wave train feature analysis, thereby improving the reliability and intelligence level of the test data. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This application provides an embodiment of a rock multi-parameter system with adaptively adjustable coupling state. Schematic diagram of the detection device; Figure 2 This application provides an embodiment of a rock multi-parameter system with adaptively adjustable coupling state. A schematic diagram of the centering and lateral measurement units in the detection device; Figure 3 This application provides an embodiment of a rock multi-parameter system with adaptively adjustable coupling state. A schematic diagram showing the positions of the two lifting and clamping parts in the centering and lateral measurement unit of the detection device relative to the loading platform. Figure 4 This application provides an embodiment of a rock multi-parameter system with adaptively adjustable coupling state. A schematic diagram of the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit in the detection device; Figure 5 This application provides an embodiment of a rock multi-parameter system with adaptively adjustable coupling state. A schematic diagram of the coupling and detection unit in the detection device; List of components and reference numerals: 1. Coupling and detection unit; 2. Top load-bearing plate; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Mounting wall panel; 101. Adaptive microporous flexible membrane; 102. Zoned microfluidic replenishment chamber; 103. Microforce sensor array grid; 104. Transducer; 105. Miniature piezoelectric driven pump; 106. Universal attitude adjustment module; 201. Weighing base; 202. Centering and lateral measurement unit; 203. Display screen; 204. Loading platform; 205. Coupling controller; 206. Longitudinal clamping and measurement unit; 301. Rock sample; 302. Closed-loop stepping measuring arm; 303. High-resolution grating rangefinder; 401. High-position absolute encoder; 402. Nut seat; 403. Bidirectional ball screw; 404. Servo drive motor; 405. V-type synchronous centering roller; 406. Guide rod; 407. V-type bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, a multi-parameter rock detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state is provided. The detection device includes: a control unit, a weighing unit, a centering and lateral measurement unit, a longitudinal clamping and measurement unit, and a coupling and detection unit.

[0020] The control unit is connected to the weighing unit, the centering and transverse measuring unit located on the top of the weighing unit and arranged transversely along the load-bearing unit, the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit located on both sides of the weighing base and arranged along the extension direction of the weighing unit, and the coupling and detection unit located on either side of the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit facing the rock sample.

[0021] In this application, the weighing unit is an integrated weighing unit, which serves as the supporting foundation for the entire testing device, providing an installation base for the centering and lateral measurement units and a holding platform for the rock sample; on the other hand, it is used to measure the weight of the rock sample and feed back the measured mass data of the rock sample to the control unit.

[0022] In this application, the weighing unit comprises, from bottom to top, the following components arranged sequentially: Weighing base, S-shaped tensile and compressive sensor array, top load-bearing plate, and loading platform; The weighing base has a box-shaped structure with an open top. The S-type tensile and compressive sensors are provided in a plurality of arrays and are evenly distributed in the inner cavity of the weighing base. The S-type tensile and compressive sensors are installed in the weighing base and are connected to the control unit to transmit the obtained rock sample weight to the control unit. The top load-bearing plate is located outside the top of the weighing base, and the top load-bearing plate is installed on top of the S-shaped tension and compression sensor; The loading platform is installed at the center of the top outer side of the top load-bearing plate.

[0023] In this application, the centering and lateral measurement unit includes: a first measuring instrument, a guide rod, a centering drive mechanism, and two lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly). The two lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly) and the centering drive mechanism are respectively located on the top of the top load-bearing plate; Two of the aforementioned lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly) are provided at intervals along the extension direction of the weighing base and are located on opposite sides of the loading platform, respectively. The guide rod and the centering drive mechanism are respectively arranged along the extension direction of the weighing base. The guide rod is located on the other two sides of the loading platform. The guide rod passes through the V-shaped brackets in the two lifting clamping parts. The two ends of the guide rod are respectively installed above the top load-bearing plate. The centering drive mechanism is located on one side outside the two lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly), and the centering drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a matching bidirectional threaded rod and nut seat; The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod are respectively installed on the top of the two ends of the top load-bearing plate and rotate along its own axis; Two nut seats are provided, and the two nut seats are threadedly connected to two opposite threaded sections of the bidirectional threaded rod. The side of the nut seat facing the lifting clamping part is connected to the V-shaped bracket in the lifting clamping part. The drive motor is mounted on the top of one end of the top load-bearing plate, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod. The first measuring instrument is installed at the other end of the bidirectional threaded rod.

[0024] It should be noted that: In this application, the loading platform is fixed to the top center of the top load-bearing plate; Two lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly) are spaced apart on the top of the top load-bearing plate along the extension direction of the weighing unit, that is, the left and right direction of the weighing unit or the extension direction of the rock sample, specifically on the left and right sides of the loading platform; the two lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly) slide on the top of the top load-bearing plate along its extension direction. At least one guide rod is provided. The guide rod is set along the extension direction of the weighing unit. The guide rod is located on the top of the other two sides of the weighing unit, specifically the top of the top load-bearing plate, the front side and / or the rear side of the loading platform. The guide rod passes through the V-shaped bracket in the two lifting clamping parts respectively. Its end is located on the outside of the two lifting clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly), and the end is installed above the top load-bearing plate respectively.

[0025] In this application, the lifting and clamping part is a V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly, which specifically includes a V-shaped roller and a V-shaped bracket. The end face of the V-shaped bracket is parallel to the end face of the rock sample, and the V-shaped roller is installed on the top of the V-shaped bracket. The lowest supporting part of the two lifting and clamping parts (V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies) is flush with the loading surface of the stage.

[0026] The first measuring instrument is a high-position absolute encoder, which is coaxially mounted on the end of a bidirectional ball screw and is used to record the displacement of the V-shaped bracket to invert the diameter of the rock sample.

[0027] In this application, the centering and lateral measuring unit further includes a constant preload mechanism; The constant preload mechanism is used to control the output torque of the servo drive motor to ensure that the initial clamping force on the rock sample is constant.

[0028] The constant preload mechanism is an electromechanical coordinating module based on servo closed-loop feedback control. Its hardware relies on a servo drive motor that drives a synchronous bidirectional ball screw and a high-position absolute encoder, while the software control logic is integrated into a PLC controller. This mechanism monitors the sudden change in the working current signal of the servo drive motor during the process of driving the V-shaped synchronous centering roller to clamp the rock sample at high frequency, and compares it with a preset torque threshold to achieve precise judgment of the rock sample clamping state and maintain a constant lateral clamping force. In this application, the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit includes a second measuring instrument and a longitudinal clamping part; Two longitudinal clamping and measuring units are located on the outer sides of the centering and transverse measuring units, respectively. In order to avoid interference with the bottom weighing, the two longitudinal clamping and measuring units are installed on opposite sides of the weighing base by independent support columns. The second measuring instrument is installed on one side of the longitudinal clamping part within the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit, and the second measuring instrument and the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit are respectively connected to the control unit.

[0029] The second measuring instrument is a high-resolution grating rangefinder.

[0030] It should be noted that: In this application, the longitudinal clamping part is arranged horizontally along the axial direction of the rock sample; the drive motor inside the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit is fixed to the end of the outer shell, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the internal linear transmission mechanism. The second measuring instrument is laid parallel to the side rail of the longitudinal clamping part; The front probe of the longitudinal clamping part is connected to the sliding component on the internal linear transmission mechanism; the drive motor rotates, and the transmission mechanism causes the longitudinal clamping part as a whole to move closer or further away from the outer shell of its unit to clamp the rock sample.

[0031] The second measuring instrument measures the axial length of the rock sample by reading the movement distance of the longitudinal clamping part in real time and feeds the result back to the control unit.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this application, the feed motion axis of the longitudinal clamping part in the two longitudinal clamping and measuring units is strictly coaxial with the central axis of the rock sample.

[0033] In this application, the coupling and detection unit includes a probe and an ultrasound host module; The probe is positioned between the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit and the end face of the rock sample. The probe includes a housing and an adaptive microporous flexible membrane, a partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity, a microforce sensing array grid, a transducer, and an omnidirectional attitude adjustment module, which are arranged sequentially in the housing along the direction away from the rock sample. The adaptive microporous flexible membrane has micron-sized replenishment micropores. One side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane is in contact with the rock sample, and the other side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane is connected to the partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity. The partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber adopts a multi-quadrant independent chamber design, and the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber is connected to a micro piezoelectric driven pump; The controller of the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module is connected to the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit; The ultrasonic host module is installed on one side of the weighing base. The controller of the ultrasonic host module is connected to the miniature piezoelectric drive pump, the transducer, the micro-force sensor array grid, and the triaxial piezoelectric actuator of the universal attitude adjustment module.

[0034] It should be noted that: In this application, the coupling and detection unit is disposed on the side opposite to the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit / on the side facing the rock sample. The probe of the coupling and detection unit includes a housing and an adaptive microporous flexible membrane, a partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity, a microforce sensing array grid, a core transducer, and a universal attitude adjustment module disposed in the housing and arranged sequentially along the direction away from the end face of the rock sample.

[0035] The adaptive microporous flexible membrane has micron-sized supplemental micropores and is installed at the end of the shell facing the rock sample.

[0036] The universal attitude adjustment module is connected between the probe housing and the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit. The universal attitude adjustment module uses a triaxial piezoelectric actuator to adjust the attitude of the acquisition end face of the coupling and detection unit so that the acquisition end face is in contact with the end face of the rock sample.

[0037] The partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber is connected to the micron-sized replenishment micropores. The partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber adopts a multi-quadrant independent chamber design. The partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber is connected to a micro piezoelectric driven pump for precise adjustment of the coupling agent replenishment amount.

[0038] The core transducer is used to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals.

[0039] The core transducer, the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module, and the controller of the micro piezoelectric drive pump are respectively connected to the control unit; The probe's rear end is connected to the measuring arm via a universal attitude adjustment module, and high-precision attitude compensation is achieved using a piezoelectric actuator.

[0040] In this application, the control unit includes a PLC controller and an edge computing embedded card.

[0041] The PLC controller is connected to the weighing unit, the centering and lateral measurement unit, the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit, the coupling and detection unit, and the edge computing embedded card.

[0042] The edge computing embedded card is configured as follows: The mass of the rock sample was obtained using a weighing unit. W ; The drive centering and lateral measurement unit clamps the rock sample, automatically centers the rock, and calculates the diameter of the rock sample. D ; The longitudinal clamping and measuring unit is driven, and the contact threshold is determined by a micro-force sensor array grid. The length of the rock sample is obtained by a grating rangefinder. L ; Based on the pressure cloud map fed back by the micro-force sensor array grid, the probe angle is corrected by the universal attitude adjustment module, and microfluidic replenishment is applied to the pressure-deficient area through the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber until the standard coupling state is achieved. Triggering ultrasonic excitation and acquisition, the edge computing embedded card calculates and outputs wave velocity, density, and dynamic mechanical parameters based on the acquired mass, diameter, length, and acoustic time data.

[0043] Specifically: The system performs mechanical zeroing and self-cleaning, uses negative pressure to draw back residual coupling agent from the surface of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane, and performs tare of the weighing device and sensor benchmark calibration. After the rock sample is placed on the platform, the mass is obtained by processing the weighing data using a moving average filtering algorithm. W The drive V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly clamps the rock sample to achieve automatic centering, and calculates the lateral dimension through encoder data. The longitudinal clamping and measuring unit is driven, and the contact threshold is determined by a micro-force sensor array grid. The length of the rock sample is obtained by a grating rangefinder. L ; Based on the pressure cloud map fed back by the micro-force sensor array grid, the probe angle is corrected by the universal attitude adjustment module, and microfluidic replenishment is applied to the pressure-deficient area through the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber until the standard coupling state is achieved. Triggering ultrasonic excitation and acquisition, the edge computing embedded card calculates and outputs wave velocity, density, and dynamic mechanical parameters based on the acquired mass, diameter, length, and acoustic time data.

[0044] It should be noted that: The rock sample referred to in this application is a cylindrical rock sample. The following detailed description of this application is based on the embodiments, but this application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0045] Example In this embodiment, a standard cylindrical rock sample 301 is used as an example to illustrate a specific example of the rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state described in this application; as shown in the attached... Figures 1-3 The detection device shown includes: The control unit includes a PLC controller and an edge computing embedded card. The PLC controller is connected to the weighing unit, the centering and lateral measurement unit, the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit, the coupling and detection unit, and the edge computing embedded card.

[0046] An integrated weighing unit includes a weighing base 201, several S-shaped tension and compression sensors installed inside the weighing base 201, a top support plate 2 located on the outer top of the weighing base 201 and mounted on top of the S-shaped tension and compression sensors, and an integrated loading platform 204 for holding rock samples. In this embodiment, a display 203 is also provided. The display 203 is installed on the outer front side of the weighing base 201 and is connected to the PLC controller of the control unit to display real-time detection data.

[0047] Centering and lateral (i.e. radial) measuring units 202 are set at the center of the top of the integrated weighing unit (i.e., the top load-bearing plate 2) and on the left and right sides of the loading platform 204; In this embodiment, the centering and lateral (i.e. radial) measuring unit 202 includes: a first measuring instrument, a guide rod 406, a centering drive mechanism, and two lifting and clamping parts.

[0048] The two lifting and clamping parts are V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies composed of V-shaped synchronous centering rollers 405 and V-shaped brackets 407, which are respectively arranged along the extension direction (i.e. axial direction) of the weighing base 201 and respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the loading platform 204; the two V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies support and clamp the bottom radial sides of both ends of the rock sample 301; the lowest supporting part of the two V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies is flush with the loading surface of the loading platform 204.

[0049] In this embodiment, based on the stability of the V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly during movement, two guide rods 406 are provided. The two ends of the two guide rods 406 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the loading platform 204 through the mounting wall plate 4. Specifically, the mounting wall plate 4 is located outside the two V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies, and the mounting wall plate 4 is vertically connected to the top of the weighing base 201. The two ends of the guide rods 406 extending out of the two V-shaped brackets 407 are respectively vertically installed on the mounting wall plate 4.

[0050] The centering drive mechanism is located outside the two V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies. The centering drive mechanism includes a servo drive motor 404, a bidirectional ball screw 403 (i.e., a bidirectional threaded rod), and a nut seat 402. The bidirectional ball screw 403 is arranged parallel to the guide rod 406, with its two ends rotatably mounted on the two mounting plates 4 and rotating along its own axis. One end of the bidirectional ball screw 403 passes through the mounting plate 4 and connects to the output end of the servo drive motor 404, while the other end passes through the mounting plate 4 and is equipped with a high-position absolute encoder 401 as a first measuring instrument.

[0051] Two nut seats 402 are provided, which are respectively threaded to the two reverse threaded sections of the bidirectional ball screw 403. Each nut seat 402 is fixedly connected to the V-shaped bracket 407 on the side facing the V-shaped bracket 407 through the connecting rod 3.

[0052] During centering and lateral dimension measurements, the core transmission mechanism, consisting of a servo drive motor 404 and a bidirectional ball screw, is utilized. When the bidirectional ball screw 403 is fed in both directions at the same speed, and the servo drive motor 404 drives the bidirectional ball screw 403 to rotate, the two nut seats 402 drive the two V-shaped brackets 407 to move synchronously towards or away from the center along the guide rod 406, thereby achieving automatic centering and clamping of the rock sample 301, and realizing automatic centering positioning of rock samples 301 of different sizes. During the centering process, the high-position absolute encoder 401 records the number of rotation pulses from the calibration zero point to the clamping and locking position in real time. Combined with the lead of the bidirectional ball screw 403, the movement distance of the two rollers is calculated, and then the lateral dimension of the rock sample is obtained. In this embodiment, since the rock sample is cylindrical, the calculated value is the diameter of the rock sample. D .

[0053] The centering and lateral measurement unit 202 also includes a constant preload mechanism, which ensures that the initial clamping force on the rock sample 301 is constant by controlling the output torque of the servo drive motor 404.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figures 2-4As shown, the longitudinal (i.e. axial) clamping and measuring unit 206 includes a second measuring instrument and two longitudinal clamping parts.

[0055] The two longitudinal clamping parts are closed-loop stepping measuring arms 302, which are located on the outer sides of the centering and transverse measuring units 202, respectively, and are installed on opposite sides of the weighing base 201. The two closed-loop stepping measuring arms 302 are coaxially arranged with the rock sample 301.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the second measuring instrument is a high-resolution grating rangefinder 303, installed at the bottom of any of the closed-loop stepping measuring arms 302, with a resolution of 5. μ m. The high-resolution grating rangefinder 303 and the closed-loop stepping measuring arm 302 are respectively connected to the control unit.

[0057] During longitudinal measurement, the PLC controller schedules the closed-loop stepping measuring arms 302 on both sides to feed synchronously along the central axis. When the pressure data of the micro-force sensing array grid reaches the preset initial contact threshold, the feed motor stops and locks the position. The edge computing embedded card reads the real-time values ​​of the high-resolution grating rangefinders 303 on both sides and calculates the precise length L of the rock sample.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the coupling and detection unit 1 includes a probe and a coupling controller 205 (i.e., an ultrasonic host module); the coupling controller 205 is installed on one side of the weighing base 201, and the probe includes a housing and, located inside the housing, sequentially arranged along the end facing away from the rock sample, an adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101, a partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber 102, a micro-force sensor array grid 103, a transducer 104, a micro piezoelectric drive pump 105, and a universal attitude adjustment module 106; The coupling controller 205 uses the Olympus 5072PR broadband ultrasonic pulse transceiver host from the United States; the adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101 uses a high-transmittance medical-grade flexible pure silicone membrane from Shin-Etsu, Japan; the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber 102 uses a precision-machined microfluidic manifold made of medical-grade PEEK material from Evonik, Germany; the microforce sensing array grid 103 uses a Tekscan I-Scan series high-resolution flexible thin-film tactile sensor from the United States; the transducer 104 uses an Evident low-frequency broadband composite piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic probe from the United States; the micro piezoelectric drive pump 105 uses a Bartels Mikrotechnik mp6 nanoliter / microliter diaphragm piezoelectric pump from Germany; and the universal attitude adjustment module 106 uses a Physik Instrumente S-330 series high-dynamic three-dimensional piezoelectric deflection stage from Germany.

[0059] One side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101 is in contact with the rock sample, and the other side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101 is connected to the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber 102. The controllers of the microforce sensing array grid 103, transducer 104, micro piezoelectric driven pump 105, and omnidirectional attitude adjustment module 106 are respectively connected to the coupling controller 205; the coupling controller 205 is connected to the control unit.

[0060] The measuring arm is also equipped with limit and safety protection switches to prevent excessive feed of the measuring arm from causing mechanical damage to the adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101 of the coupling probe or the rock sample.

[0061] In this embodiment, the loading platform in the weighing unit provides a fixed placement position for the rock sample to provide a measurement reference surface; the built-in high-precision S-shaped tensile and compressive sensor array converts the gravity of the rock sample into a measurable electrical signal for raw acquisition of rock sample mass data; the V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the loading platform, forming line contact with the sidewall of the cylindrical rock sample to provide radial clamping force; the left half of the bidirectional ball screw has a left-hand thread and the right half has a right-hand thread, with equal leads for the left and right threads, enabling the two V-shaped brackets 407 connected by the nut seat to move synchronously toward the geometric center at the same speed and with the same displacement; A high-position absolute encoder coaxially mounted on the end of the bidirectional ball screw records the number of rotation pulses of the bidirectional ball screw in real time and accurately outputs the displacement of the roller relative to the initial position. During this process, a constant preload mechanism controls the output torque of the motor to limit the initial clamping force on the rock sample to a preset value, thus preventing the rock sample from being damaged.

[0062] The closed-loop stepping measuring arm is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rock sample's axis, driving the coupling and detection unit 1 to smoothly feed and retract along the axial direction, always maintaining coaxiality with the rock sample. The high-resolution grating rangefinder is integrated into the side of the measuring arm's slide rail. When the probe of the coupling and detection unit 1 is in contact with the end face of the rock sample, it directly reads the axial length data of the rock sample. At the same time, the limit and safety protection switches are a collaborative protection module set at both ends of the measuring arm's slide rail and integrated with the sensor feedback at the front end of the probe. Its hardware relies on the photoelectric induction limit switch at the end of the slide rail and the micro-force sensor array grid 103 built into the probe, while the software control logic is integrated into the PLC controller. During the smooth feeding of the measuring arm, the device monitors the physical position of the measuring arm (hard limit) and the contact pressure signal at the probe end face in real time (soft limit). Once the probe contact pressure reaches the preset safety bearing threshold of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane, or the measuring arm touches the physical safety boundary set by the slide rail, the PLC controller will trigger a low-level hardware interrupt without delay, immediately instructing the closed-loop stepping measuring arm to brake urgently and perform axial pushback to prevent the measuring arm from being over-feeded and avoid mechanical damage to the probe's adaptive microporous flexible membrane or the rock sample. During testing, a standard cylindrical rock sample is placed on the loading platform 204 at the top of the weighing unit. The weighing unit is located at the bottom of the device and integrates a high-precision S-shaped tensile and compressive sensor array to obtain mass data W with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The servo drive motor 404 is coaxially connected to the bidirectional ball screw 403, and the high-position absolute encoder 401 is connected to the end of the bidirectional ball screw. The left and right ends of the bidirectional ball screw have threads with opposite directions of rotation, which are respectively connected to the nut seats 402 on both sides. A V-shaped bracket 407 is fixed above the nut seat 402 and is sleeved on the guide rod 406. A freely rotatable V-shaped synchronous centering roller 405 is embedded on the inner inclined surface of the V-shaped bracket. Its working principle is as follows: The servo drive motor 404 drives the bidirectional ball screw 403 to rotate. Utilizing the mechanical constraint of the reverse thread and the linear guidance of the guide rod 406, it drives the V-shaped brackets 407 with V-shaped synchronous centering rollers 405 on both sides to feed synchronously towards each other. When in contact with the rock sample, the rotation of the rollers converts mechanical sliding into rolling friction. While achieving low-friction, non-destructive automatic positioning of the rock sample axis, it combines the displacement pulse data fed back in real time by the coaxial high-position absolute encoder 401 to synchronously invert and calculate the diameter of the rock sample. D The longitudinal clamping and measuring unit utilizes a closed-loop stepping measuring arm in conjunction with a high-resolution grating rangefinder to directly read the precise length of the rock sample after establishing physical contact. LThe control unit, as the core of the device, integrates a PLC controller and an edge computing embedded card. The PLC controller uniformly schedules the mechanical feed of the centering and lateral measurement units and the longitudinal clamping and measurement units, as well as the microfluidic replenishment, ultrasonic signal excitation, and signal processing of the coupling and detection units, achieving hardware-level triggering and real-time parameter reading. During the coupling adjustment process, the centroid position of the pressure cloud map obtained by the micro-force array is used as a feedback signal to dynamically drive the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module to adjust the transducer axis, ensuring that it is completely coaxial and aligned with the end face of the rock sample. Subsequently, based on the coefficient of variation of the pressure distribution, the micro-pumps in the partitions are instructed to perform permeation replenishment until the preset standard pressure window is reached. The acquired mass is then fused based on the computational logic of the edge computing embedded card. W ,diameter D ,length L Using the acoustic time data, the longitudinal wave velocity, density, and dynamic elastic mechanical parameters of the rock sample were finally calculated.

[0063] Therefore, this invention, through hardware-level tactile perception and execution coordination, and software-level edge computing fusion, achieves for the first time synchronous control and high-fidelity perception of rock physical properties and acoustic boundary conditions on the same testing platform, laying a solid foundation for subsequent automated quantitative assessment and scientific database construction. The specific measurement process is as follows: (1) Device initialization: Before placing the rock sample, the device automatically performs a self-test and zero-point calibration to eliminate device errors caused by environmental factors and hardware drift.

[0064] ① Mechanical Zeroing and Self-Cleaning: The control unit controls the micro piezoelectric drive pump to perform a reverse suction action, generating negative pressure. This negative pressure draws any residual coupling grease from the surface back into the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber through the micropores of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane, preventing grease dripping and contaminating the stage, thus ensuring subsequent weighing accuracy. Specifically, the PLC controller of the control unit controls the closed-loop stepping measuring arm to retract to the mechanical origin, while simultaneously instructing the micro piezoelectric drive pump to perform a reverse suction action lasting 0.5 seconds, at which time the drive voltage is -12V.

[0065] ② Tare of the weighing unit: After the device is left to stand for 2 seconds, the no-load output signal V of the four S-shaped tension and compression sensors inside the integrated weighing base is read. This signal contains the weight of the stage and the zero-point drift of the sensors. The device stores this signal in a register as the zero-point reference for mass measurement.

[0066] ③ Sensor reference calibration: Activate the sensor inside the centering roller shaft and read the reference capacitance value when the rollers are filled with air. C0 .like C0 If the deviation from the factory setting exceeds 5%, the device will alarm to indicate that the electrode surface is contaminated and requires manual cleaning.

[0067] (2) Rock sample loading and multi-physics synchronous scanning: The operator places the cylindrical rock sample on the platform and presses the start button. The device then automatically acquires the basic physical properties of the rock sample.

[0068] ① Rock sample mass measurement: After the rock sample is placed stably, the control unit calculates the mass according to the formula. W : W = K ·( V1 - V0 ); In the formula V1 This represents the total voltage after layout. V0 This is the reference voltage before layout; K The calibration coefficient represents the proportional relationship for converting voltage signals into units of mass.

[0069] ②Automatic centering of rock samples: The automatic centering and lateral measurement unit of this device mainly consists of a servo drive motor 404, a bidirectional ball screw 403, and symmetrically distributed V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies, integrating mechanical centering and electronically controlled diameter measurement. The transmission core of the centering and lateral measurement unit is a bidirectional ball screw 403 with its geometric center perpendicular to the plane; the left half is machined with a left-hand thread, and the right half with a right-hand thread, with leads at both ends being [missing information]. Ph =4mm. One end of the bidirectional ball screw is connected to a servo drive motor 404 to obtain precise power, while the other end is coaxially mounted with a high-position absolute encoder 401. V-shaped brackets 407 on both sides are fixed to two nut seats 402 on the left and right, respectively, and mate with the corresponding thread sections of the bidirectional ball screw. During testing, when the servo drive motor drives the bidirectional ball screw to rotate, constrained by opposite thread directions, the left and right sets of V-shaped synchronous centering roller assemblies will necessarily rotate at exactly the same speed. V and equal displacement Δ x The rock sample is synchronously aligned with the geometric centerline of the centering and lateral measurement units. Within the clamping range, regardless of the initial placement of the rock sample on the stage, once the rollers on both sides contact the sidewalls of the rock sample, the strictly synchronized mechanical feed forces the rock sample to shift until its geometric axis completely coincides with the vertical plane of the symmetry center of the bidirectional ball screw. At this point, the rock sample is securely and mechanically locked onto the absolute centerline of the centering and lateral measurement units, achieving perfect centering without manual intervention. Simultaneously with clamping, the control unit directly reads the absolute pulse count fed back by the high-position absolute encoder 401 coaxially mounted at the end of the bidirectional ball screw, and combines this with the known lead... PhBased on the triangular geometric mapping relationship of the V-shaped bracket 407, the moving distance of the roller assemblies on both sides is calculated, and then substituted into the geometric calculation model of the control unit to automatically and accurately output the diameter of the rock sample. D .

[0070] ③ Clamping force control and stop logic: The servo drive motor 404 drives the bidirectional ball screw 403, which in turn drives the V-shaped brackets 407 on both sides to move symmetrically towards the center. When the motor outputs current... I1 >1.2 I0 ( I0 When the reference current is at rest (no load), it is determined that the V-shaped synchronous centering roller 405 on the V-shaped bracket 407 is in contact with the rock sample. At the instant the roller of the V-shaped synchronous centering roller contacts the surface of the rock sample, the motion resistance increases suddenly, leading to... I1 A sharp rise. When monitored... I1 Reaching the preset clamping threshold Imax When a clamping force of 50N is applied, the PLC immediately instructs the motor to stop at the incremental position. After the servo drive motor has stopped and stabilized, the control unit reads the number of pulses from the high-order absolute encoder 401. N Substitute into the formula to calculate the diameter D .

[0071] ④ Automatic calculation of rock sample diameter: Set the included angle of the V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly to 2. α =120°, then α =60°, the device is initialized to zero, that is, when the V-shaped synchronous centering roller is fully retracted to its limit position, the preset geometric center distance between the vertices of the two V-grooves is . L 0 Assuming that when the servo drive motor drives the V-shaped synchronous centering roller assembly to clamp the rock sample, the cumulative number of pulses recorded by the high-position absolute encoder 401 is: N 0 Let the encoder resolution of the servo drive motor be... R The lead of the bidirectional ball screw 403 is P h First, calculate the feed displacement Δx of the single-sided V-shaped bracket 407 relative to its initial position, Δx = At this time, the real-time distance between the centers of the two V-shaped brackets 407 is... L 1 for: L 1 = L 0 —2 Δx Based on the geometric relationship of the V-groove clamping cylinder, the radius of the rock sample... r Center distance between the two V-shaped brackets L 1 There exists a unique trigonometric function mapping relationship.α In a standard V-shaped structure with a 60° angle, to ensure that the rock sample is precisely held and its axis is aligned, the geometric relationship must satisfy... Thus, the formula for calculating the final diameter of the embedded edge computing chip is obtained: .

[0072] ⑤ Longitudinal Precision Feed and Length Parameter Acquisition: After completing radial clamping and diameter locking, the control unit initiates the longitudinal measurement program to acquire the axial length of the rock sample through the precise feed of the measuring arm. L3 The PLC controller schedules the closed-loop stepping measuring arms on both sides to feed synchronously along the central axis. The feeding process is divided into two stages: rapid approach and precise contact. In the initial stage, the movement is faster to improve efficiency. When the grating rangefinder detects that the probe is less than 5mm from the end face of the rock sample, the PLC controller forcibly switches the motor to a low-speed propulsion mode of 0.5mm / s to prevent impact damage to the adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101, and monitors the micro-force sensing array grid 103 on the end face of the probe in real time. When the pressure data in the array... P Upon reaching the preset initial contact threshold, the feed servo drive motor immediately stops and enters a position lock state. After the probe establishes stable contact with the end face of the rock sample, the edge computing embedded card reads the real-time values ​​from the high-resolution grating rangefinders on both sides. (Rock sample precision length) L3 The calculation formula is: ; In the formula L4 The absolute distance between the origins of the two measuring arms on both sides of the device is pre-calibrated. ΔL5 , ΔL6 These represent the absolute displacement of the measuring arm relative to its respective origin.

[0073] This length data L3 Together with the aforementioned diameter D With quality W The common input device model is used to complete the rock sample density. ρ Real-time inversion.

[0074] (3) Adaptive coupling closed-loop regulation: ① Coupling interface pressure sensing and center of gravity positioning Pressure matrix generation: The edge computing embedded card reads the analog voltage signals from 16 arrayed micro-force sensing films in real time, and generates a 4×4 pressure distribution matrix after analog-to-digital conversion. P =[ Pi,j ],in Pi,j Representing the i Line number j The real-time pressure value of the column sensing unit.

[0075] Average pressure calculation: ; Coordinates of the center of gravity of pressure ( X0 , Y0 Solution: ; In the formula: ( xi,j , yi,j ) represents the geometric center coordinates of each element in the sensing grid.

[0076] ② Posture deviation correction and active alignment: Deviation analysis: By comparing the center of gravity of pressure ( X0 , Y0 The vector value of the deviation between the probe and its geometric center (0,0). ( δ If the threshold is used, it is determined that the probe is not parallel to the end face of the rock sample.

[0077] Inverse kinematics solution: The edge computing embedded card uses inverse kinematics algorithms to convert the attitude deviation angle into the target compensation displacement of the three branches of the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module. Δh k ( k =1, 2, 3). Let the three branches be at radii of... R p The target compensation amount is evenly distributed at 120° on the circumference. Δh k The calculation formula is: .

[0078] In the formula: The azimuth angle of the k-th branch ; K c This is the attitude correction scaling factor.

[0079] The PLC controller drives the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module to perform the compensation displacement until the center of gravity of the pressure is reached. X 0 , Y 0 Reset to the geometric center interval.

[0080] ③Zoned microfluidic additives and homogenization: Partitioning State Determination: The device divides the contact surface into four logical regions corresponding to the microfluidic replenishment chamber (denoted as the k-th partition). k =1, 2, 3, 4). The edge computing embedded card calculates the average pressure of each partition in real time. If the average pressure in a certain area ( (Based on the average pressure across the entire field), it was determined that there was a lack of coupling agent in this area.

[0081] Refilling Execution: The micro piezoelectric pump 105, corresponding to the PLC controller command, precisely pumps the coupling agent at the microliter level. The coupling agent is guided through the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber 102 and uniformly permeates to the contact interface through the array of micropores (pore size 50-100μm) on the adaptive microporous flexible membrane 101, filling the gaps by utilizing the surface tension of the liquid and the micro-pressure difference.

[0082] Dynamic equilibrium locking: Repeat steps 1 to 3 until the coefficient of variation of the overall pressure is reached. CV <5%. Among them: ( (where the standard deviation is the pressure matrix).

[0083] And the average pressure throughout the field Enter the standard pressure window (0.3MPa±0.05MPa).

[0084] Once the above conditions are met, the control unit locks all mechanical degrees of freedom.

[0085] (4) Ultrasonic signal acquisition and multi-parameter fusion calculation: At the instant the coupling state is locked, the edge computing embedded card starts the alignment acquisition program of multi-source data, and performs deep fusion calculation of geometric parameters, quality parameters and acoustic waveforms.

[0086] ①Full-wavelength signal acquisition: Excitation and reception: An integrated ultrasonic generator excites a 200V high-voltage narrow pulse to drive a PZT transducer, and the receiver uses a 20MHz high sampling rate to record the full-wavelength signal transmitted through the rock sample. s(t) .

[0087] Time-of-arrival extraction: The control unit automatically extracts the arrival time of the first wave. t0 It also preserves the complete waveform data, covering multiple reflections and dispersion information inside the rock sample.

[0088] ② Parameter fusion calculation: Wave velocity calibration ( V p ): Length obtained by combining longitudinal precision measurement L 3 Correcting the inherent delay of the device and calculating the longitudinal wave velocity. V p :

[0089] in t1 This is the inherent delay constant of the probe's adaptive microporous flexible membrane and circuit system.

[0090] Density inversion: binding mass W With diameter D calculate: ; Dynamic elastic modulus: Based on the linear elastic wave theory, the dynamic elastic modulus is inverted using the calculated wave velocity and density. Ed : ; In the formula v This refers to the preset or measured Poisson's ratio.

[0091] (5) Intelligent analysis and verification: Edge computing capabilities are used to perform logical self-checks on the data and preliminary assessments of rock sample damage.

[0092] ① Data authenticity verification logic: Verification using the empirical database: This involves checking the measured density. ρ With wave speed Vp Input the built-in "density-wave velocity correlation model".

[0093] ; In the formula: a , b This is an empirical coefficient based on rock type; Calculate the relative deviation between the measured density and the model predicted density. If the data is deemed questionable, the control unit will automatically trigger a cycle of re-alignment, adding supplements, and re-measurement to ensure the physical reliability of the output data.

[0094] ②Damage diagnosis based on full wave train characteristics: Spectral feature extraction: utilizing edge computing cards S(t) Perform a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to obtain the spectral function S(f). Extract the dominant frequency of the spectrum. f p and spectral centroid f g.

[0095] The development of microfractures inside rocks leads to a sharp attenuation of high-frequency components, which manifests as a shift in the dominant frequency of the spectrum towards lower frequencies (dominant frequency drift).

[0096] Damage Index T Calculation: Combining energy attenuation and frequency drift characteristics, a damage index is defined. T。

[0097]

[0098] In the formula: Ap and f p0 represents the spectral envelope area and dominant frequency in the complete state; Ad and f p represents the spectral envelope area and the dominant frequency in the current state.

[0099] (6) Result output and reset: ① The human-machine interface displays basic physical and acoustic parameters in real time and outputs a preliminary diagnostic report simultaneously. The report includes the rock sample's spectral spectrum and data based on the damage index. T Determination of the damage and health level of rock samples.

[0100] ② Self-cleaning reset: After the test is completed, the longitudinal measuring arm automatically retracts, the centering roller assembly is released, and the mechanical constraint on the rock sample is relieved. Subsequently, the control unit issues a self-cleaning command, driving the micro piezoelectric drive pump 105 to perform a reverse high-pressure suction action, drawing the residual coupling agent on the surface of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane back into the interior of the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber through the micropores.

[0101] The above description is merely a few embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state, characterized in that, The detection device includes: Weighing unit, used to place rock samples and measure their mass; A centering and lateral measurement unit is located above the weighing unit and is used to automatically center and clamp the rock sample and measure its lateral dimensions. The longitudinal clamping and measuring units are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the weighing unit, and are used to clamp the ends of the rock sample and measure the length of the rock sample. A coupling and detection unit is disposed at one end of the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit facing the rock sample. The coupling and detection unit establishes and adaptively adjusts the ultrasonic coupling environment and performs acoustic wave detection by contacting the end face of the rock sample. The control unit is connected to the weighing unit, the centering and lateral measurement unit, the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit, and the coupling and detection unit. The control unit is used to coordinate the operation of each component, collect sensor data, and perform edge computing.

2. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighing unit comprises, arranged sequentially from bottom to top: Weighing base, S-shaped tension and compression sensor, top load-bearing plate, and loading platform; The weighing base has a box-shaped structure with an open top. The S-shaped tension and compression sensors are provided in a plurality of arrays distributed in the inner cavity of the weighing base, and the S-shaped tension and compression sensors are connected to the control unit. The top support plate is located on the top outer side of the weighing base, and the top support plate is installed on top of the S-shaped tension and compression sensor; The loading platform is installed at the center of the top outer side of the top load-bearing plate.

3. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coupling and detection unit includes a probe and an ultrasound host module; The probe is positioned between the longitudinal clamping and measuring unit and the end face of the rock sample. The probe includes a housing and an adaptive microporous flexible membrane, a partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity, a microforce sensing array grid, a transducer, and an omnidirectional attitude adjustment module, which are arranged sequentially in the housing along the direction away from the rock sample. The adaptive microporous flexible membrane has micron-sized replenishment micropores. One side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane is in contact with the rock sample, and the other side of the adaptive microporous flexible membrane is connected to the partitioned microfluidic replenishment cavity. The partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber adopts a multi-quadrant independent chamber design, and the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber is connected to a micro piezoelectric driven pump; The controller of the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module is connected to the longitudinal clamping and measurement unit; The ultrasonic host module is installed on one side of the weighing base, and the controller of the ultrasonic host module is connected to the micro piezoelectric drive pump, the transducer, the micro force sensor array grid and the universal attitude adjustment module.

4. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 2, characterized in that, The centering and lateral measurement unit includes: a first measuring instrument, a guide rod, a centering drive mechanism, and two lifting and clamping parts; The two lifting clamping parts and the centering drive mechanism are respectively located on the top of the top load-bearing plate; The two lifting and clamping parts are spaced apart along the extension direction of the weighing base and are located on opposite sides of the loading platform, respectively. The guide rod and the centering drive mechanism are respectively arranged along the extension direction of the weighing base. The guide rod is located on the other two sides of the loading platform. The guide rod passes through the two lifting clamping parts. The two ends of the guide rod are respectively installed above the top load-bearing plate. The centering drive mechanism is located on one side outside the two lifting clamping parts. The centering drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a matching bidirectional threaded rod and nut seat. The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod are respectively installed on the top of the two ends of the top load-bearing plate and rotate along its own axis; Two nut seats are provided, and the two nut seats are threadedly connected to the two opposite threaded sections of the bidirectional threaded rod. The side of the nut seat facing the lifting and clamping part is connected to the lifting and clamping part. The drive motor is mounted on the top of one end of the top load-bearing plate, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod. The first measuring instrument is installed at the other end of the bidirectional threaded rod.

5. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting and clamping part consists of a V-shaped synchronous centering roller and a V-shaped bracket; The first measuring instrument is a high-position absolute encoder, which is coaxially mounted at the end of a bidirectional threaded rod and is used to record the roller displacement to invert the diameter of the rock sample.

6. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 4, characterized in that, The centering and lateral measurement unit also includes a constant preload mechanism; The constant preload mechanism is used to control the output torque of the drive motor to ensure that the initial clamping force on the rock sample is constant.

7. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal clamping and measuring unit includes a second measuring instrument and two longitudinal clamping parts; The two longitudinal clamping parts are located on the outer sides of the centering and transverse measuring units, respectively, and the two longitudinal clamping parts are installed on opposite sides of the weighing base by independent brackets; The second measuring instrument is mounted on any of the longitudinal clamping parts, and the second measuring instrument and the longitudinal clamping parts are respectively connected to the control unit.

8. The rock multi-parameter detection device with adaptively adjustable coupling state according to claim 7, characterized in that, The longitudinal clamping part is a closed-loop stepping measuring arm; The second measuring instrument is a high-resolution grating rangefinder.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit includes a PLC controller and an edge computing embedded card, the edge computing embedded card being configured to perform the following operations: The mass of the rock sample is obtained through a weighing unit; The drive centering and lateral measurement unit clamps the rock sample, automatically centers the rock sample, and calculates the lateral dimensions of the rock sample. The longitudinal clamping and measuring unit is driven, and the contact signal of the coupling and detection unit is combined to obtain the length of the rock sample; Based on the pressure cloud map fed back by the micro-force sensing array grid of the coupling and detection unit, the probe angle of the coupling and detection unit is corrected by the omnidirectional attitude adjustment module of the coupling and detection unit, and microfluidic replenishment is applied to the pressure-deficient area through the partitioned microfluidic replenishment chamber of the coupling and detection unit until the standard coupling state is reached. Triggering ultrasonic excitation and acquisition, based on the acquired mass, lateral dimension, length and acoustic time data, calculate and output wave velocity, density and dynamic mechanical parameters.

Images