Battery pack management method, device and equipment with single cell independent control function and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack management method and device with a single cell independent control function, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of battery management. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a real-time analog signal of a single battery to generate a running state data set; calculating terminal voltage deviation degree and direct-current internal resistance to obtain a health degree quantitative index; based on the index comparison threshold, bypass and main loop switch logic mapping is generated, and a cell array dynamic topology reconstruction instruction is established; identifying an accessed battery, and calculating a series total voltage and a compensation reference value after reconstruction; and calling the reference value to calculate parameters of the bidirectional DC-DC converter, and cooperatively driving the intelligent switch matrix to generate a voltage stabilization control signal. According to the invention, a fault cell is physically isolated through dynamic reconstruction topology, and voltage fluctuation is compensated by using the DC-DC converter, so that the problem of system shutdown caused by a wooden barrel effect of the battery pack and a single-point fault is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to battery pack management methods, devices, equipment and media with independent control functions for individual battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] As the core energy source for electric vehicles, energy storage power stations, and various mobile terminals, the overall performance of power batteries after assembly directly affects the system's range, safety, stability, and lifespan. In practical applications, to meet the demands of high voltage and large capacity, dozens or even thousands of individual cells are typically connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack. However, due to limitations in manufacturing processes, assembly errors, and uneven temperature distribution during actual operation, inconsistencies inevitably exist among the individual cells within the battery pack in parameters such as internal resistance, capacity, and self-discharge rate.

[0003] Currently, in existing technologies, battery pack management and control are primarily based on a fixed circuit topology. Specifically, individual battery cells are permanently welded or bolted together into fixed series or parallel branches via metal busbars or wiring harnesses. During operation, the Battery Management System (BMS) monitors the overall status by collecting voltage, current, and temperature data, and uses balancing circuits to correct voltage differences between cells. In this architecture, charging and discharging current must flow through every cell in the loop; the system cannot alter the current flow path at the cell level.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies have the following drawbacks: First, the fixed series connection method results in the overall performance of the battery pack being strictly limited by the worst-performing individual cell, exhibiting a significant "weakest link" effect. When an individual cell experiences capacity degradation due to aging, to ensure safety, the entire battery pack must stop charging and discharging when that weakest cell reaches its cutoff voltage. This leaves the remaining capacity of a large number of healthy cells unusable, severely reducing the system's energy efficiency. Second, existing management methods lack means to physically isolate individual cells. Once a cell experiences an internal short circuit or serious failure, because it cannot be independently disconnected or bypassed in the main circuit, the entire battery module or even the battery pack is often forced to stop working, greatly increasing system maintenance costs and downtime risks.

[0005] Therefore, this application aims to solve the problem of reduced system effective capacity caused by poor cell consistency in traditional battery packs, and also to solve the technical problem of the entire battery system being unable to continue operating due to a single point of failure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery pack management method, apparatus, device, and medium with independent control function for individual battery cells, including the following steps: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells, comprising the following steps: S1: Real-time analog signals of individual cells are acquired through PCB voltage acquisition circuit and Hall current sensor, temperature data is acquired using NTC thermistor, analog-to-digital conversion is performed on real-time analog signals, and individual cell operating status dataset is generated. S2: Call the single-cell battery operating status dataset, calculate the deviation of the single-cell battery terminal voltage from the average voltage within the group, and calculate the DC internal resistance by combining the current fluctuation data to obtain the quantitative index of single-cell battery health. S3: Based on the health quantification index of the individual battery, the voltage deviation value, DC internal resistance and voltage consistency threshold and internal resistance failure threshold are compared respectively. For individual batteries that trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the bypass switch and open the main circuit series switch. For individual batteries that do not trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the main circuit series switch. A dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction for the cell array is established. S4: Identify the individual cells connected to the circuit according to the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command, calculate the total series voltage after reconfiguration, and calculate the difference between the total series voltage and the rated voltage of the load to obtain the series compensation voltage reference value. S5: Calculate the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters by calling the series compensation voltage reference value, and drive the intelligent switch matrix with the collaborative cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to generate the battery pack voltage regulation collaborative control signal.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific process of calculating the deviation of the individual cell terminal voltage from the average voltage within the group includes: Obtain the terminal voltage values ​​of all individual cells at the same time, sum them, and take the arithmetic mean to get the arithmetic mean of the voltage at the current time. The voltage deviation value is obtained by calculating and taking the absolute value of the difference between the real-time terminal voltage value of each individual cell and the arithmetic mean of the voltage.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific process for calculating the DC internal resistance includes: Select two adjacent sampling times to obtain the voltage and current changes of a single cell; The DC internal resistance is obtained based on the ratio of the voltage change to the current change.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the bypass switch and the main circuit series switch are both integrated into the intelligent switch matrix; The intelligent switch matrix is ​​integrated on the PCB board, and each individual battery cell has an independent controllable switch device for its positive and negative terminals. The controllable switching device is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor or a relay.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the calculation process for the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters includes: When the reconstructed series total voltage is less than the rated voltage of the load, the boost ratio parameter is calculated to drive the bidirectional DC-DC converter to boost the voltage. When the reconstructed series total voltage is greater than the rated load voltage, the step-down ratio parameter is calculated to drive the bidirectional DC-DC converter to step down.

[0011] A battery pack management device with independent control function for individual battery cells, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time analog signals of individual cells through PCB voltage acquisition circuit and Hall current sensor, acquire temperature data using NTC thermistor, perform analog-to-digital conversion on real-time analog signals, and generate individual cell operating status dataset. The health calculation module is used to call the single battery operating status dataset, calculate the deviation of the single battery terminal voltage from the average voltage in the group, and calculate the DC internal resistance by combining the current fluctuation data to obtain the quantitative index of single battery health. The topology decision module is used to compare the voltage deviation value, DC internal resistance with the voltage consistency threshold and internal resistance failure threshold based on the health quantification index of the individual battery. For individual batteries that trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the bypass switch and open the main circuit series switch. For individual batteries that do not trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the main circuit series switch. A dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction for the cell array is established. The compensation calculation module is used to identify the individual cells connected to the circuit according to the dynamic topology reconstruction command of the cell array, calculate the total series voltage after reconstruction, calculate the difference with the rated voltage of the load, and obtain the reference value of the series compensation voltage. The collaborative control module is used to call the series compensation voltage reference value to calculate the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters, coordinate the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to drive the intelligent switch matrix, and generate battery pack voltage regulation collaborative control signals.

[0012] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0013] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention collects the operating status of individual battery cells and calculates quantitative health indicators. When a degraded individual battery cell is identified, a smart switch matrix is ​​used to perform a bypass operation, while simultaneously controlling a bidirectional DC-DC converter for voltage compensation. This design enables the battery pack to automatically remove the weakest cell at the physical level while maintaining a stable output voltage. This effectively solves the problems of the "weakest link" effect caused by fixed series topology and the forced shutdown of the entire battery system due to individual cell failure in the prior art, significantly improving the usable capacity and power supply reliability of the battery pack.

[0015] Furthermore, this invention employs both deviation from the average voltage within the group and DC internal resistance based on dynamic current fluctuations as dual health evaluation indicators. Compared to the traditional method that relies solely on static voltage for judgment, this method can more accurately eliminate potentially problematic cells with abnormally increased internal resistance but still within the normal voltage range, avoiding misjudgments and omissions, and ensuring the scientific nature and accuracy of topology reconfiguration decisions.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention integrates the bypass switch and the main circuit series switch into an intelligent switch matrix on a PCB board and uses controllable devices such as MOSFETs. Compared with traditional wiring harness connections or mechanical relays, this on-board integration method significantly reduces the complexity of system wiring, reduces parasitic inductance, achieves millisecond-level response to the on / off state of individual cells, and improves the dynamic adjustment capability of the battery management system in high-frequency charging and discharging scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] This embodiment discloses a battery pack management method, device, electronic device, and storage medium with independent control function for individual battery cells. It is applied to the field of battery management technology in the manufacture of chemical energy storage, power supply, and mobile and stationary power systems. The core of the method is to achieve independent monitoring, health assessment, topology dynamic reconstruction, and voltage regulation and coordinated control of each individual battery cell in the battery pack, thereby eliminating the weakest link effect in series battery packs and improving the overall performance, service life, and safety of the battery pack.

[0021] The terms used in this plan are defined as follows: Intelligent switch matrix: A switch assembly integrated on a PCB board, with independent controllable switching devices configured for the positive and negative poles of each individual cell. It can achieve dynamic reconfiguration of the electrical connection of the cells through the combination of switching on and off, and complete the access and bypass operation of the cells. Health metrics: Quantitative parameters calculated based on the voltage deviation and DC internal resistance of a single cell, used to characterize the current performance status of a single cell, and are the core basis for determining whether a cell needs to be bypassed; Voltage consistency threshold: A pre-set critical value for voltage deviation. When the cell voltage deviation exceeds this threshold, the cell performance is determined to deviate from the normal range. Internal resistance failure threshold: A pre-set critical value for DC internal resistance. When the DC internal resistance of the cell exceeds this threshold, it is determined that the cell has experienced performance degradation or failure. Series compensation voltage reference value: After the battery pack topology is reconfigured, the difference between the total series voltage of the cells and the rated voltage of the load is the core reference parameter for the bidirectional DC-DC converter to perform boost or buck regulation; Cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction: A set of switch control logic generated based on the quantified indicators of cell health, used to guide the intelligent switch matrix to complete the on / off actions of each switch device, and realize the topology adjustment of cell access or bypass; This embodiment is the optimal solution for a battery pack management method and device with independent control function of individual cells. It is adapted to a PCB-based reconfigurable battery pack system. The system includes multiple individual cells, an intelligent switch matrix 201 integrated on the PCB board 200, a status monitoring circuit 202 integrated on the PCB board 200, a central controller, and a bidirectional DC-DC converter. Each component is electrically connected on the PCB board 200 through copper traces. The central controller is connected to the intelligent switch matrix 201, the status monitoring circuit 202, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter through an SPI communication bus to realize the interaction of data and commands. Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells, comprising the following steps: S1: Real-time analog signals of individual cells are acquired through PCB voltage acquisition circuit and Hall current sensor, temperature data is acquired using NTC thermistor, analog-to-digital conversion is performed on real-time analog signals, and individual cell operating status dataset is generated. The PCB voltage acquisition circuit in the status monitoring circuit 202 uses a voltage divider resistor network combined with an ADS1115 analog-to-digital converter chip. The positive and negative terminals of each individual cell are connected to the input terminals of the voltage divider resistor network, and the voltage analog signal after voltage division is input to the analog input pin of the ADS1115 chip for 16-bit precision voltage signal acquisition. The Hall current sensor uses the ACS712 series and is connected in series in the main circuit of the battery pack to acquire the real-time current analog signal of the main circuit. The NTC thermistor uses a surface mount package and is attached to the outer surface of each individual cell. The temperature change is converted into a voltage analog signal through a Wheatstone bridge circuit. The above voltage and current analog signals are transmitted to the ADS1115 chip for analog-to-digital conversion. The temperature analog signal is converted into an analog signal by another ADS1115 chip and then integrated with the voltage and current digital signals to generate a single battery operating status dataset including the real-time voltage value, main circuit current value, and cell temperature value of each individual cell. This dataset is transmitted to the storage unit of the central controller via the SPI bus. S2: Call the single cell operating status dataset, calculate the deviation of the single cell terminal voltage from the average voltage in the group, and calculate the DC internal resistance by combining the current fluctuation data to obtain the quantitative index of single cell health. The central controller's processing unit retrieves the single-cell battery operating status dataset from the storage unit. First, it extracts the terminal voltage values ​​of all single cells at the same time to calculate the voltage deviation within the group. Then, it extracts the voltage and current data at adjacent sampling times to calculate the DC internal resistance. Using the voltage deviation value and DC internal resistance as core parameters, it calculates the single-cell battery health quantification index according to the preset weight formula. In the weight formula, the voltage deviation value accounts for 60% of the weight, and the DC internal resistance accounts for 40% of the weight. The lower the quantification index value, the worse the cell health. S3: Based on the quantitative indicators of single cell health, the voltage deviation value, DC internal resistance and voltage consistency threshold and internal resistance failure threshold are compared respectively. For single cells that trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the bypass switch and open the main circuit series switch. For single cells that do not trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the main circuit series switch. A dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction for the cell array is established. In this embodiment, the voltage consistency threshold is preset to 0.05V, and the internal resistance failure threshold is preset to 80mΩ according to the cell type. The central controller compares the voltage deviation of each cell with 0.05V and the DC internal resistance with 80mΩ. If any parameter exceeds the corresponding threshold, it is determined to be a trigger threshold. The intelligent switch matrix 201 configures two sets of switches for each cell, namely a main circuit series switch and a bypass switch. The two sets of switches are interlocked. For cells that trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the bypass switch and open the main circuit series switch. For cells that do not trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the main circuit series switch and open the bypass switch. After the switch logic mappings of all cells are integrated, a cell array dynamic topology reconstruction instruction is formed. The instruction is stored in digital code form, including the unique address and on / off instruction of each switching device. S4: Identify the individual cells connected to the circuit according to the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command, calculate the total series voltage after reconfiguration, and calculate the difference between the total series voltage and the rated voltage of the load to obtain the reference value of the series compensation voltage. The central controller parses the switch logic mapping in the dynamic topology reconfiguration command of the cell array, identifies all individual cells with the main circuit series switches closed, counts the number of cells connected to the circuit, calculates the reconfigured total series voltage based on the nominal voltage of each individual cell, and then subtracts the total series voltage from the load rated voltage to obtain the series compensation voltage reference value. If the total series voltage is greater than the load rated voltage, the series compensation voltage reference value is negative; if the total series voltage is less than the load rated voltage, the series compensation voltage reference value is positive. S5: Call the series compensation voltage reference value to calculate the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters, coordinate the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to drive the intelligent switch matrix, and generate the battery pack voltage regulation coordination control signal; The central controller retrieves the series compensation voltage reference value and calculates the PWM duty cycle adjustment parameters of the bidirectional DC-DC converter based on the sign and absolute value of this value. Simultaneously, it sends the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to the driver chip of the intelligent switch matrix 201 via the SPI bus. The driver chip controls the on / off state of each switching device according to the command, completing the cell array topology reconfiguration. After receiving the PWM duty cycle adjustment parameters, the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjusts the switching frequency and duty cycle of its internal power transistors to achieve voltage boost or buck regulation. The topology reconfiguration and voltage regulation actions are executed synchronously, forming a battery pack voltage regulation collaborative control signal to ensure that the battery pack output voltage remains stable at the load's rated voltage. Obtain the terminal voltage values ​​of all individual cells at the same time, sum them, and take the arithmetic mean to get the arithmetic mean of the voltage at the current time. Based on the difference between the real-time terminal voltage value of each individual cell and the arithmetic mean voltage, the voltage deviation value is calculated and its absolute value is taken. Specifically, suppose there are N individual battery cells in the battery pack, and the terminal voltage of each cell at any given time is... Arithmetic mean of voltage For the i-th cell, its voltage deviation value i is a positive integer from 1 to N. In this embodiment, N is 10. The nominal voltage of a single cell is 3.7V. If the sum of the terminal voltages of 10 cells at a certain moment is 36.8V, then the arithmetic mean of the voltage is 3.68V. The real-time terminal voltage of a certain cell is 3.75V, and its voltage deviation is 0.07V. Select two adjacent sampling times to obtain the voltage and current changes of a single cell; The DC internal resistance is obtained based on the ratio of voltage change to current change. Specifically, let two adjacent sampling times be... The terminal voltage of the i-th cell at time t1 is Ui1 and the main circuit current is I1, and the terminal voltage at time t2 is Ui2 and the main circuit current is I2. The voltage change is... Current change The DC internal resistance of the battery cell In this embodiment, the sampling period is 100ms, that is, the time interval between two adjacent sampling times is 100ms. Continuous sampling ensures that the current change is an effective fluctuation value, avoiding the failure of internal resistance calculation due to no change in current. Both the bypass switch and the main circuit series switch are integrated into the intelligent switch matrix; The intelligent switch matrix is ​​integrated on the PCB board, and each individual battery cell has an independent controllable switch device for its positive and negative terminals. The controllable switching device is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor or a relay; In this embodiment, the controllable switching device is an N-channel MOSFET, model IRF3205. Each individual cell has a MOSFET connected to its positive terminal as a series switch in the positive main circuit and a MOSFET connected to its negative terminal as a series switch in the negative main circuit. Two MOSFETs connected in reverse series between the positive and negative terminals of the cell are connected in parallel as bypass switches. All MOSFETs are soldered on the PCB board 200, and their gates are connected to the driver chip of the intelligent switch matrix 201. The driver chip is model IR2110. The input terminal of the IR2110 chip is connected to the SPI bus of the central controller to receive topology reconstruction instructions, and the output terminal is connected to the gate of the MOSFET to provide driving voltage to realize the on / off control of the MOSFET. When the reconstructed total series voltage is less than the rated load voltage, the boost ratio parameters are calculated to drive the bidirectional DC-DC converter to boost the voltage. When the reconstructed total series voltage is greater than the rated load voltage, the step-down ratio parameters are calculated to drive the bidirectional DC-DC converter to step down the voltage. In this embodiment, the bidirectional DC-DC converter adopts a buck-boost topology, with the core power transistor being IPB032N10N5 and the controller being a TL494 chip; let the reconstructed total series voltage be... The rated voltage of the load is Boost ratio step-down ratio The PWM duty cycle D of the TL494 chip has a linear relationship with the turns ratio during boost. When the blood pressure is reduced The duty cycle D, calculated as a whole, is the core adjustment parameter of the bidirectional DC-DC converter. The TL494 chip adjusts the PWM output signal according to this duty cycle to control the on / off state of the power transistor and achieve voltage regulation. For example, if the total series voltage after reconstruction is 29.6V, the rated load voltage is 37V, the boost ratio is 1.25, and the duty cycle is 0.9375, the converter will boost the voltage from 29.6V to 37V according to this duty cycle. Please see Figure 1 The battery pack management device in this embodiment includes a data acquisition module, a health status calculation module, a topology decision module, a compensation calculation module, and a collaborative control module. Each module is a functional module based on the combination of hardware logic circuits and software programs of the central controller, integrated into the MCU chip of the central controller. The MCU chip model is STM32F407. The modules interact with each other through the internal bus of the chip. The specific functions are as follows: The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time analog signals of individual cells through PCB voltage acquisition circuit and Hall current sensor, acquire temperature data using NTC thermistor, perform analog-to-digital conversion on real-time analog signals, and generate individual cell operating status dataset. This module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter chip of the status monitoring circuit 202 via the SPI bus, receives the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion, completes data integration and storage, and provides a data foundation for subsequent modules; The health calculation module is used to call the single battery operating status dataset, calculate the deviation of the single battery terminal voltage from the average voltage in the group, and calculate the DC internal resistance by combining the current fluctuation data to obtain the quantitative index of single battery health. This module retrieves the dataset from the storage area of ​​the data acquisition module, executes the calculation program for voltage deviation and DC internal resistance, calculates the health measurement quantification index through a preset weight formula, and transmits the calculation results to the topology decision module. The topology decision module is used to compare the voltage deviation value, DC internal resistance with the voltage consistency threshold and internal resistance failure threshold based on the health quantification index of individual cells. For individual cells that trigger the threshold, it generates a logic mapping for the bypass switch to be closed and the main circuit series switch to be opened. For individual cells that do not trigger the threshold, it generates a logic mapping for the main circuit series switch to be closed. It establishes a dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction for the cell array. This module has a built-in threshold comparison program and switch logic mapping generation program. After the topology reconstruction instruction is established, the instruction is transmitted to the compensation calculation module and the collaborative control module respectively. The compensation calculation module is used to identify the individual cells connected to the circuit according to the dynamic topology reconfiguration command of the cell array, calculate the total series voltage after reconfiguration, calculate the difference with the rated voltage of the load, and obtain the reference value of the series compensation voltage. This module parses the topology reconfiguration command, counts the number of cells connected to the circuit, calculates the total series voltage and the reference value of the series compensation voltage, and transmits the calculation results to the collaborative control module. The collaborative control module is used to call the series compensation voltage reference value to calculate the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters, coordinate the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to drive the intelligent switch matrix, and generate battery pack voltage regulation collaborative control signal; This module receives the series compensation voltage reference value from the compensation calculation module and the topology reconstruction command from the topology decision module. It calculates the adjustment parameters of the bidirectional DC-DC converter, drives the intelligent switch matrix to complete the topology reconstruction, and executes voltage regulation and topology reconstruction actions simultaneously to generate a voltage regulation and collaborative control signal. When the processor executes the program, it sequentially calls the program code for data acquisition, health calculation, topology decision-making, compensation calculation, and cooperative control to implement the steps of any one of methods 1 to 5. The electronic device in this embodiment includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The memory is a FLASH flash memory chip, model W25Q128, soldered onto the PCB board 200, and connected to the processor via an SPI bus. It is used to store data such as the operating status dataset of individual batteries, the computer program, threshold parameters, and adjustment parameters. The processor is the aforementioned STM32F407 MCU chip, serving as the core computing and control unit of the electronic device. The computer program is the program code that implements the aforementioned battery pack management method and is stored at a designated address in the memory. When a computer program is executed by a processor, the processor parses the binary code and executes the program instructions step by step in sequence to implement any of the steps in method 1 to 5. The computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment is a non-volatile storage medium, specifically the W25Q128 FLASH flash memory chip mentioned above, on which a computer program is stored. The computer program is program code in binary encoding form, which is consistent with the computer program in the above-mentioned electronic device. This storage medium can store and retrieve computer programs through burning and reading / writing methods, and features stable data storage and fast read / write speeds.

[0022] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Real-time analog signals of individual cells are acquired through PCB voltage acquisition circuit and Hall current sensor, temperature data is acquired using NTC thermistor, analog-to-digital conversion is performed on real-time analog signals, and individual cell operating status dataset is generated. S2: Call the single-cell battery operating status dataset, calculate the deviation of the single-cell battery terminal voltage from the average voltage within the group, and calculate the DC internal resistance by combining the current fluctuation data to obtain the quantitative index of single-cell battery health. S3: Based on the health quantification index of the individual battery, the voltage deviation value, DC internal resistance and voltage consistency threshold and internal resistance failure threshold are compared respectively. For individual batteries that trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the bypass switch and open the main circuit series switch. For individual batteries that do not trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the main circuit series switch. A dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction for the cell array is established. S4: Identify the individual cells connected to the circuit according to the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command, calculate the total series voltage after reconfiguration, and calculate the difference between the total series voltage and the rated voltage of the load to obtain the series compensation voltage reference value. S5: Calculate the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters by calling the series compensation voltage reference value, and drive the intelligent switch matrix with the collaborative cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to generate the battery pack voltage regulation collaborative control signal.

2. The battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for calculating the deviation of the individual cell terminal voltage from the average voltage within the group includes: Obtain the terminal voltage values ​​of all individual cells at the same time, sum them, and take the arithmetic mean to get the arithmetic mean of the voltage at the current time. The voltage deviation value is obtained by calculating and taking the absolute value of the difference between the real-time terminal voltage value of each individual cell and the arithmetic mean of the voltage.

3. The battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process for calculating the DC internal resistance includes: Select two adjacent sampling times to obtain the voltage and current changes of a single cell; The DC internal resistance is obtained based on the ratio of the voltage change to the current change.

4. The battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass switch and the main circuit series switch are both integrated into the intelligent switch matrix; The intelligent switch matrix is ​​integrated on the PCB board, and each individual battery cell has an independent controllable switch device for its positive and negative terminals. The controllable switching device is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor or a relay.

5. The battery pack management method with independent control function for individual battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation process for the adjustment parameters of the bidirectional DC-DC converter includes: When the reconstructed series total voltage is less than the rated load voltage, the boost ratio parameter is calculated to drive the bidirectional DC-DC converter to boost the voltage. When the reconstructed series total voltage is greater than the rated load voltage, the step-down ratio parameter is calculated to drive the bidirectional DC-DC converter to step down.

6. A battery pack management device with independent control function for individual battery cells, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time analog signals of individual cells through PCB voltage acquisition circuit and Hall current sensor, acquire temperature data using NTC thermistor, perform analog-to-digital conversion on real-time analog signals, and generate individual cell operating status dataset. The health calculation module is used to call the single battery operating status dataset, calculate the deviation of the single battery terminal voltage from the average voltage in the group, and calculate the DC internal resistance by combining the current fluctuation data to obtain the quantitative index of single battery health. The topology decision module is used to compare the voltage deviation value, DC internal resistance with the voltage consistency threshold and internal resistance failure threshold based on the health quantification index of the individual battery. For individual batteries that trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the bypass switch and open the main circuit series switch. For individual batteries that do not trigger the threshold, a logic mapping is generated to close the main circuit series switch. A dynamic topology reconfiguration instruction for the cell array is established. The compensation calculation module is used to identify the individual cells connected to the circuit according to the dynamic topology reconstruction command of the cell array, calculate the total series voltage after reconstruction, calculate the difference with the rated voltage of the load, and obtain the reference value of the series compensation voltage. The collaborative control module is used to call the series compensation voltage reference value to calculate the bidirectional DC-DC converter adjustment parameters, coordinate the cell array dynamic topology reconfiguration command to drive the intelligent switch matrix, and generate battery pack voltage regulation collaborative control signals.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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