Control circuit of multi-port fast-charging mobile power supply and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a control circuit of a multi-port fast-charging mobile power supply and a control method thereof, and the control circuit comprises a power supply monitoring module which is connected with a power supply battery, collects the state parameters of the power supply battery, and determines the total available power of the power supply battery in real time based on the state parameters; the configuration management module is used for acquiring first state information of the USB input port of the charging equipment, and performing power distribution on each USB output port according to the first state information and the available total power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port; the available total power of the power supply battery of the real-time mobile power supply is evaluated in real time, data is provided for subsequent power distribution, total power output can be carried out according to the battery state setting of the power supply battery, and the power upper limit of safe operation of the power supply battery is set, so that the maximum power is output safely and stably; and the service life of the power supply battery is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a control circuit and control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of portable electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops, multi-port power banks have become mainstream in the market. In recent years, USB fast charging technology has developed rapidly, especially in terms of charging speed, charging safety, and intelligent management. With the proliferation of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and wearable electronics, consumers frequently face scenarios where they need to charge multiple devices simultaneously, making multi-port power banks the mainstream choice. Multi-port power banks typically employ a fixed total power allocation strategy. For example, when multiple devices are connected simultaneously, the main control chip allocates a fixed rated total power (e.g., 65W or 100W) to each port according to a preset priority (e.g., USB-C port takes precedence over USB-A port).

[0003] Currently, existing power banks typically allocate power evenly or by port priority after a successful charging protocol handshake. While some can dynamically adjust based on the actual needs of connected devices, they still cannot dynamically adjust based on the real-time state of their own batteries. This can easily lead to some devices charging too slowly, while others may receive more power than they need, resulting in energy waste. Furthermore, the handshake process is often treated merely as an authentication method, failing to fully utilize the information provided by the charging protocol. Moreover, when multiple devices are charging simultaneously, the output port and internal battery temperature of the power bank can rise significantly, posing a risk of overheating, affecting device lifespan, and even causing safety issues. Traditional protection mechanisms are usually quite simple, only taking extreme measures such as shutdown when the temperature reaches a dangerous threshold, lacking dynamic adjustment capabilities. The power bank's own battery state (such as remaining charge and temperature) directly affects its maximum output power. Existing technologies often fail to adequately consider these factors, leading to attempts to output high power even when the battery temperature is too high. This not only damages battery life but can also cause instability during the charging process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problems solved by this invention are: 1. It is impossible to dynamically adjust according to the real-time status of its own battery, which can easily lead to some devices charging too slowly while others receive more power than they need, resulting in energy waste; 2. It only uses the handshake of the charging protocol as a means of authentication and does not make full use of the information of the charging protocol; 3. It only takes extreme measures such as shutdown when the temperature reaches a dangerous threshold, lacking the ability to dynamically adjust; 4. When the battery temperature is too high, it still tries to output high power, which will not only damage the battery life, but may also lead to unstable charging process.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Firstly, a control circuit for a multi-port fast-charging power bank, comprising... A power monitoring module is connected to the power battery, collects the status parameters of the power battery, and determines the total available power of the power battery in real time based on the status parameters. The configuration management module obtains the first status information of the USB input port of the charging device, and allocates power to each USB output port according to the first status information and the total available power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port. The multi-channel management module acquires the first status information of the USB input port in real time and collects the second status information of each USB output port. The second status information includes VBUS voltage, VBUS current and port temperature value. Based on the total available power of the power battery, power demand information, charging configuration information and port temperature value, the module adaptively adjusts the power of each USB output port. The multi-channel adjustment module adjusts the VBUS voltage or VBUS current based on the real-time power demand information of each USB input port.

[0006] Secondly, a control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank includes: Step S1: Obtain the status parameters of the power battery, and determine the total available power of the power battery in real time based on the status parameters; Step S2: Obtain the first status information of the USB input port of the charging device, and allocate power to each USB output port according to the first status information and the total available power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port; Step S3: Acquire the first status information of the USB input port in real time, and collect the second status information of each USB output port. The second status information includes VBUS voltage, VBUS current and port temperature value. Step S4: Adaptively adjust the power of each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and port temperature value; Step S5: Adjust the VBUS voltage or VBUS current according to the real-time power demand information of each USB input port.

[0007] Preferably, the status parameters include the power supply battery temperature and the remaining power supply battery charge; A mapping table of available total power is constructed in advance based on the correspondence between the power supply battery temperature, the remaining power of the power supply battery, and the total available power. Based on the real-time acquisition of the power supply battery temperature and remaining power, the available total power mapping table is queried to determine the available total power of the power supply battery in real time.

[0008] Preferably, obtaining the first status information of each USB input port of the charging device specifically includes: Step S21: After the charging device is connected to the USB port, a first request message is sent to the charging device to obtain the device descriptor and configure a unique code for the charging device descriptor. The device descriptor includes manufacturer information, product information, and serial number; Step S22: Send a second request message to the charging device, obtain the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor of the charging device, and obtain the first status information based on the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor; The first status information includes power demand information, charging configuration information, charging device type information, manufacturer ID, and product ID; Step S23: Match the encoding with the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor one by one to generate the device database; Step S24: Record the corresponding reception time of the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor, and use the reception time as the first time point; Extract the power demand information and charging configuration information from the configuration descriptor; Extract the type information of the charging device from the interface descriptor; Extract the vendor ID and product ID from the string descriptor; Step S25: The charging configuration information includes first power information and second power information. The first power information is greater than the second power information. The first power information is used as the charging power of the charging device, and power is allocated to the corresponding USB output port of the charging device.

[0009] Preferably, the first status information of each USB input port is acquired in real time, specifically including: A third request message is sent to the charging device to reacquire the configuration descriptor of the charging device, and the real-time power demand information is obtained from the configuration descriptor. The power demand information in the first status information of the charging device is updated, and the reception time of the real-time power demand information is used as the second time point.

[0010] Preferably, adaptive power adjustment of each USB output port based on the total available power of the power battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and second state information includes: Adaptive power adjustment for each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, including power adjustment based on port temperature and power demand information; The total charging power is obtained by adding up the charging power of all USB output ports. The relationship between the total charging power and the total available power of the power supply battery includes the first case and the second case. In the first case, the total charging power is less than the total usable power of the power supply battery; in the second case, the total charging power is greater than the total usable power of the power supply battery.

[0011] Preferably, power adjustment is performed according to power demand information and port temperature value, specifically including: In the first case: The port temperature value is compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database. If the port temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold, retrieve the first status information of the USB input port corresponding to the USB output port, and reduce the charging power of the USB input port according to the charging configuration information in the first status information. Lowering the first-level charging power specifically includes adjusting the power allocation from the first power information to the second power information if the current power allocation is based on the first power information. If power allocation is currently based on the second power information, then the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database; If the port temperature of the marked charging device exceeds the second temperature threshold during subsequent charging, the first and second temperature thresholds will be lowered according to a predetermined value. In the second case: The port temperature value is compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold or the second temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the charging device is marked in the device database. Distribute the total available power of the power supply battery to the remaining USB output ports.

[0012] Preferably, a third request message is sent to the charging device, and the charging device receives the third request and sends the real-time device battery temperature value; Power adjustment is performed based on the device's battery temperature and port temperature, specifically including: In the first case: Compare the port temperature value and the device battery temperature value with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold; If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database. If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold, retrieve the first status information of the USB input port corresponding to the USB output port, and reduce the charging power of the USB input port according to the charging configuration information in the first status information. If, during subsequent charging, either the port temperature or the battery temperature of the marked charging device exceeds the second temperature threshold, the first and second temperature thresholds will be lowered by a certain value. In the second case: Compare one of the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold; If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold or the second temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off. If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the charging device is marked in the device database. Distribute the total available power of the power supply battery to the remaining USB output ports.

[0013] Preferably, power adjustment is performed according to power demand information, specifically including: In the first case, power allocation is performed according to step S2; When the real-time power demand information is greater than the predetermined first power demand threshold, power allocation is performed according to the first power information; When the real-time power demand information is less than the predetermined first power demand threshold, power allocation is performed according to the second power information. In the second case: Add up the real-time power demand information of all USB output ports to obtain the total power demand information, and calculate the percentage of the real-time power demand information of each charging device to the total power demand information; If the percentage of the charging device is greater than the predetermined percentage, then the power of the charging device is allocated according to the second power information, and the other charging devices are charged first. If the real-time power demand information of the charging device is less than the second power demand threshold, then the power of the charging device will be allocated according to the second power information, and the charging device will be charged first. The remaining charging devices are allocated power according to the percentage of real-time power demand to total power demand.

[0014] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes: Send a third request to the charging device, re-acquire the configuration descriptor of the charging device, and obtain the real-time power demand information from the configuration descriptor; When the real-time power demand information is greater than the first power demand threshold, charging is performed in constant current charging mode. When the actual charging power changes, only the VBUS voltage of the USB input port is adjusted, and the VBUS current is not adjusted. When the real-time power demand information is less than the first power demand threshold and greater than the second power demand threshold, charging is performed in constant voltage charging mode. When the actual charging power changes, only the VBUS current of the USB input port is adjusted, and the VBUS voltage is not adjusted. When the real-time power demand information is less than the second power demand threshold, the trickle charging mode is used; When the real-time power demand is 0, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) By evaluating the total available power of the power battery of the real-time mobile power supply in real time, it not only provides data for subsequent power allocation, but also sets the total power output according to the battery status of the power battery itself, and sets the upper limit of the power for safe operation of the power battery, so as to safely and stably output the maximum power, which is conducive to protecting the service life of the power battery.

[0016] (2) The first state information of the charging device refers to the device database obtained after inserting the USB input port to identify the device identity and charging needs. When charging, it is only necessary to identify the charging device descriptor, match the code in the device database, obtain all the information of the device according to the code, and then directly allocate power to the corresponding USB output port for charging. Compared with the prior art, which requires a successful protocol handshake every time, this method only needs to receive the device descriptor for devices that are charged multiple times to enter the power allocation step, making full use of the charging protocol information, with a faster response speed, which is conducive to improving the user experience.

[0017] (3) It can adjust the charging power according to the temperature of the charging device, the port temperature value and the power demand information, which helps to protect the charging device and avoids trying to output high power when the battery temperature of the device is too high, thus damaging the battery life.

[0018] (4) After power regulation, adjust the VBUS voltage or VBUS current. In the constant current stage, the charging speed is guaranteed by stabilizing the current and regulating the voltage. In the constant voltage stage, overcharging is avoided by stabilizing the voltage and regulating the current. In the trickle stage, the battery health is protected by small current maintenance. It is conducive to precise control of the charging process. It is not only a power divider, but also ensures the safety of the mobile power supply and charging equipment. Moreover, it can also extend the battery life of the charging equipment by optimizing the charging process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic architecture of a control circuit for a multi-port fast-charging power bank, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a basic flowchart illustrating a control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a control circuit for a multi-port fast-charging power bank is provided, including a power monitoring module connected to the power battery, which collects the status parameters of the power battery and determines the total available power of the power battery in real time based on the status parameters.

[0023] In this preferred embodiment, by evaluating the total available power of the power supply battery in real time, not only is data provided for subsequent power allocation, but the total power output can also be set according to the battery state of the power supply battery itself, setting the upper limit of the power for safe operation of the power supply battery, thereby ensuring the maximum power output is safe and stable, which is beneficial to protecting the service life of the power supply battery.

[0024] The configuration management module obtains the first status information of the USB input port of the charging device, and allocates power to each USB output port according to the first status information and the total available power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port.

[0025] In this preferred embodiment, the charging power can be dynamically adjusted based on the temperature of the charging device, the port temperature value, and the power demand information. This helps protect the charging device and prevents it from attempting to output high power when the device battery temperature is too high, thus damaging the battery life.

[0026] The multi-channel management module acquires the first status information of the USB input ports in real time and collects the second status information of each USB output port. The second status information includes VBUS voltage, VBUS current and port temperature. Based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information and port temperature, the module adaptively adjusts the power of each USB output port.

[0027] In this preferred embodiment, during subsequent charging, it is only necessary to identify the charging device descriptor, match the code in the device database, obtain all the information of the device according to the code, and then directly allocate power to the corresponding USB output port for charging. Compared with the prior art, which requires a successful protocol handshake every time, this method only needs to receive the device descriptor to enter the power allocation step for devices that are charged multiple times. It makes full use of the charging protocol information, has a faster response speed, and is conducive to improving the user experience.

[0028] The multi-channel adjustment module adjusts the VBUS voltage or VBUS current based on the real-time power demand information of each USB input port.

[0029] In this preferred embodiment, after power regulation, the VBUS voltage or VBUS current is adjusted. During the constant current stage, the charging speed is ensured by stabilizing the current and regulating the voltage; during the constant voltage stage, overcharging is avoided by stabilizing the voltage and regulating the current; and during the trickle charging stage, battery health is protected by maintaining a small current. This facilitates precise control of the charging process, acting not only as a power divider but also effectively ensuring the safety of the power bank and charging equipment. Furthermore, by optimizing the charging process, the battery life of the charging equipment can be extended.

[0030] Example 2, refer to Figure 2This is another embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that: A control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank includes: Step S1: Obtain the status parameters of the power supply battery, and determine the total available power of the power supply battery in real time based on the status parameters; the status parameters are collected in real time by the power monitoring module through the BMS or integrated sensors.

[0031] Step S2: Obtain the first status information of the USB input port of the charging device, and allocate power to each USB output port according to the first status information and the total available power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port; the power supply battery temperature refers to the battery cell temperature directly measured by the thermistor or BMS, which is used to evaluate the maximum discharge capacity of the power supply battery at the current temperature.

[0032] Step S3: Acquire the first status information of the USB input port in real time, and collect the second status information of each USB output port. The second status information includes VBUS voltage, VBUS current and port temperature value.

[0033] Step S4: Adaptively adjust the power of each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and port temperature value.

[0034] Step S5: Adjust the VBUS voltage or VBUS current according to the real-time power demand information of each USB input port.

[0035] In this preferred embodiment, by evaluating the total available power of the power supply battery in real time, not only is data provided for subsequent power allocation, but the total power output can also be set according to the battery state of the power supply battery itself, setting the upper limit of the power for safe operation of the power supply battery, thereby ensuring the maximum power output is safe and stable, which is beneficial to protecting the service life of the power supply battery.

[0036] The first state information of the charging device refers to the power allocation to each USB output port after insertion through the USB input port, based on the first state information and the total available power. During subsequent charging, it is only necessary to identify the charging device descriptor, match the code in the device database, obtain all the device information according to the code, and then directly allocate power to the corresponding USB output port for charging. Compared to existing technologies that require a successful protocol handshake each time, this method, for devices that require multiple charging cycles, only needs to receive the device descriptor to proceed to the power allocation step, fully utilizing the charging protocol information, resulting in faster response speed and improved user experience.

[0037] It can adjust the charging power based on the temperature of the charging device, the port temperature, and the power demand information, which helps protect the charging device and prevents it from trying to output high power when the device battery temperature is too high, thus damaging the battery life.

[0038] After power regulation, the VBUS voltage or VBUS current is adjusted. In the constant current stage, the charging speed is ensured through constant current and voltage regulation; in the constant voltage stage, overcharging is avoided through constant voltage and current regulation; and in the trickle charging stage, battery health is protected through small current maintenance. This facilitates precise control of the charging process. It is not only a power divider, but also effectively ensures the safety of power banks and charging devices. Furthermore, it can extend the battery life of charging devices by optimizing the charging process.

[0039] Status parameters include the power supply battery temperature and the remaining power supply battery charge.

[0040] A mapping table of available total power is constructed in advance based on the correspondence between the power supply battery temperature, the remaining power of the power supply battery, and the total available power.

[0041] Based on the real-time acquisition of the power supply battery temperature and remaining power, the available total power mapping table is queried to determine the available total power of the power supply battery in real time.

[0042] In this preferred embodiment, the total power mapping table is pre-established based on the chemical characteristics of the battery (such as lithium-ion batteries or lead-acid batteries) and experimental data, storing the recommended maximum output power corresponding to different temperatures and various combinations of remaining power. Compared with the simple approach of fixing the power upper limit in the traditional solution, this allows the output capability of the power bank to dynamically adapt to its own state, avoiding damage to the battery caused by high-power discharge when the power is low. Moreover, it sets the power upper limit for the safe operation of the power battery, thereby ensuring the maximum power output is safe and stable, which is beneficial to protecting the service life of the power battery.

[0043] In one embodiment, lithium-ion batteries are very sensitive to temperature, and their output power is ideal between 20°C and 40°C. Excessive battery temperature can not only affect lifespan but may also cause an explosion.

[0044] At 25°C and 80% charge, the total usable power may be 65W; while at 0°C and 20% charge, the total usable power may be limited to 20W. This means that the same power supply battery will have different discharge capabilities at different temperatures. Excessive temperature will lead to a decrease in discharge capability. Preventing the power supply battery from overheating is beneficial to fully ensuring the battery's discharge capability.

[0045] In one embodiment, the remaining power of the power supply battery refers to the percentage of the battery's remaining capacity obtained by coulomb counting or voltage estimation algorithms, used to assess the battery's range and discharge performance at high charge levels. Alternatively, the power of the power supply battery or device battery can be calculated using the formula: power (watt-hour, Wh) = battery voltage (volt, V) × battery capacity (ampere-hour, Ah).

[0046] Obtain the first status information of each USB input port of the charging device, specifically including: Each USB output port (i.e., the hub) of the power bank has a 15kΩ pull-down resistor connected to its D+ and D- data lines. When no device is plugged into the USB output port, both lines are at a low level (0V). When a device is plugged into the USB output port, the 1.5kΩ pull-up resistor on the USB output port and the 15kΩ pull-down resistor on the host side form a voltage divider circuit. As a result, the corresponding data line (D+ or D-) is momentarily pulled high from low to around 3V. The power bank's hub detects this voltage change, indicating that a device has been connected.

[0047] The general steps of a protocol handshake are as follows: 1. Device access: The host detects the device insertion and resets the device.

[0048] 2. Obtaining Initial Information (Obtaining Device Descriptor - First Time): The host sends a request to address 0, requesting to obtain the device descriptor. This time, it only reads the first 8 bytes, mainly to determine the maximum packet length of endpoint 0, preparing for subsequent communication.

[0049] 3. Assign a new address (set address): The host assigns a unique address (e.g., 2, 3...) to the device, and all subsequent communication will use this new address.

[0050] 4. Obtain complete information again (obtain device descriptor - second time): The host uses the new address and sends the request again, this time requesting to obtain the complete 18-byte device descriptor.

[0051] 5. Obtain more details (obtain configuration, strings, etc.): The host continues to request configuration descriptors, interface descriptors, and, if the device supports it, string descriptors containing the manufacturer, product name, and serial number.

[0052] The so-called charging protocol is generally determined based on the charging configuration information in the configuration descriptor. For most mobile phones, tablets, or headphones on the market, the charging configuration information includes at least two types: High power consumption configuration with fast charging capability means the phone is in fast charging mode. For example, if a 0.5A current is requested, it will be in fast charging mode until the battery reaches 80%. As long as there is a high power consumption configuration, it is configured with some fast charging protocols (such as PD 3.1, QC 5.0, UFCS, etc.). Once the fast charging protocol is recognized and the protocol handshake is successful, fast charging can begin.

[0053] Low-power configuration, also known as slow charging or trickle charging, means that for a mobile phone, it only maintains basic communication, such as requesting only 100mA of current.

[0054] Step S21: After the charging device is connected to the USB port, a first request message is sent to the charging device to obtain the device descriptor and configure a unique code for the charging device descriptor.

[0055] The device descriptor includes manufacturer information, product information, and serial number.

[0056] Step S22: Send a second request message to the charging device, obtain the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor of the charging device, and obtain the first status information based on the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor.

[0057] The first status information includes power demand information, charging configuration information, charging device type information, manufacturer ID, and product ID.

[0058] Step S23: Match the encoding with the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor one by one to generate the device database.

[0059] Step S24: Record the corresponding reception time of the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor, and take the reception time as the first time point.

[0060] Extract the power demand information and charging configuration information from the configuration descriptor.

[0061] Extract the type information of the charging device from the interface descriptor.

[0062] Extract the vendor ID and product ID from the string descriptor.

[0063] Step S25: The charging configuration information includes first power information and second power information. The first power information is greater than the second power information. The first power information is used as the charging power of the charging device, and power is allocated to the corresponding USB output port of the charging device.

[0064] In this preferred embodiment, after the charging device is inserted through the USB output port, a device database is obtained to identify the device identity and charging needs. During subsequent charging, it is only necessary to identify the charging device descriptor, match the code in the device database, and obtain all the information of the device according to the code. Then, power allocation can be directly performed on the corresponding USB output port for charging. Compared with the prior art, which requires a successful protocol handshake every time, this method only needs to receive the device descriptor for devices that are charged multiple times to enter the power allocation step. It makes full use of the charging protocol information, has a faster response speed, and is conducive to improving the user experience.

[0065] Real-time acquisition of the first status information of each USB input port, specifically including: A third request message is sent to the charging device to reacquire the configuration descriptor of the charging device and obtain the real-time power demand information from the configuration descriptor. The power demand information in the first status information of the charging device is updated, and the reception time of the real-time power demand information is used as the second time point.

[0066] Adaptive power adjustment for each USB output port is performed based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and second status information.

[0067] Adaptive power adjustment for each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, including power adjustment based on port temperature and power demand information.

[0068] The total charging power is obtained by adding up the charging power of all USB output ports. The relationship between the total charging power and the total available power of the power supply battery includes a first case and a second case.

[0069] In the first case, the total charging power is less than the total usable power of the power supply battery; in the second case, the total charging power is greater than the total usable power of the power supply battery.

[0070] Power adjustment is performed based on power demand information and port temperature values, specifically including: In the first scenario: The port temperature value is compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, where the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold.

[0071] If the port temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database.

[0072] If the port temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold, retrieve the first status information of the USB input port corresponding to the USB output port, and reduce the charging power of the USB input port according to the charging configuration information in the first status information.

[0073] Lowering the first-level charging power specifically includes adjusting the power allocation from the first power information to the second power information if the current power allocation is based on the first power information.

[0074] If power allocation is currently based on the second power information, then the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database.

[0075] If the port temperature of the marked charging device exceeds the second temperature threshold during subsequent charging, the first and second temperature thresholds will be lowered according to predetermined values.

[0076] Instead of completely cutting off the power, reducing the charging power by one level is to eliminate some accidental operation issues, such as overheating of the device due to weather conditions. After three consecutive successful charging cycles without any problems, the reduced charging power can be lifted, allowing for faster charging of frequently used devices.

[0077] In the second scenario: The port temperature value is compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, where the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold.

[0078] If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold or the second temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the charging device is marked in the device database.

[0079] Distribute the total available power of the power supply battery to the remaining USB output ports.

[0080] In this embodiment, the preferred method for adjusting power according to power demand information and port temperature value is to compare the relationship between the total charging power (the sum of the current power allocated to all ports) and the available total power of the power supply battery (from S1), which is divided into a first case (total charging power ≤ available total power) and a second case (total charging power > available total power). This prevents the power supply from still being supplied according to the previous power supply strategy when the port is overheated, which is beneficial to ensuring charging safety.

[0081] In one embodiment, there is a first temperature threshold (e.g., 75°C, a danger threshold) and a second temperature threshold (e.g., 60°C, a warning threshold).

[0082] By comprehensively and adaptively adjusting the power based on power demand information and port temperature values, the charging power of each USB output port is dynamically allocated, rather than simply disconnecting or turning it off. This finds a balance between ensuring safety and meeting device needs, maximizing overall charging power while ensuring the safety of both the power bank and the charging device. This avoids situations where some devices charge too slowly while others receive more power than they need, resulting in energy waste.

[0083] The charging device sends a third request message, receives the third request, and sends the real-time battery temperature value.

[0084] Power adjustment is performed based on the device's battery temperature and port temperature, specifically including: In the first scenario: The port temperature value and the device battery temperature value are compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold.

[0085] If either the port temperature or the device battery temperature exceeds a first temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database.

[0086] If either the port temperature or the device battery temperature exceeds the second temperature threshold, retrieve the first status information of the USB input port corresponding to the USB output port, and reduce the charging power of the USB input port according to the charging configuration information in the first status information.

[0087] If, during subsequent charging of a marked charging device, either its port temperature or its battery temperature exceeds a second temperature threshold, the first and second temperature thresholds will be lowered by a certain value.

[0088] In the second scenario: Compare either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value with a pre-set first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold.

[0089] If either the port temperature or the device battery temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold or the second temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off. If either the port temperature or the device battery temperature exceeds the first temperature threshold, the charging device is marked in the device database.

[0090] Distribute the total available power of the power supply battery to the remaining USB output ports.

[0091] In this preferred embodiment, the charging power can be adjusted according to the temperature of the charging device and the port temperature, which helps to protect the charging device and avoids attempting to output high power when the device battery temperature is too high, thus damaging the battery life.

[0092] In one embodiment, assuming the ambient temperature is 25°C and the power requirement is 100W, the user connects two devices: Device A (power requirement 65W) and Device B (power requirement 40W). The total power requirement is 105W > 100W.

[0093] If device B is identified as having a port temperature value or a device battery temperature value that exceeds a second temperature threshold, then the power supply to device A is cut off, and device B is charged at full speed of 40W.

[0094] Adjust power according to power demand information, specifically including: In the first case, power allocation is performed according to step S2.

[0095] When the real-time power demand information is greater than the predetermined first power demand threshold, power allocation is performed according to the first power information.

[0096] When the real-time power demand information is less than the predetermined first power demand threshold, power allocation is performed according to the second power information.

[0097] In the second scenario: Add up the real-time power demand information of all USB output ports to obtain the total power demand information, and calculate the percentage of the real-time power demand information of each charging device to the total power demand information.

[0098] If the percentage of a charging device is greater than the predetermined percentage, then power will be allocated to that charging device according to the second power information, prioritizing the charging of the other charging devices.

[0099] If the real-time power demand information of the charging device is less than the second power demand threshold, then the power of the charging device will be allocated according to the second power information, and the charging device will be charged first.

[0100] The remaining charging devices are allocated power according to the percentage of real-time power demand to total power demand.

[0101] In this preferred embodiment, the charging power can be adjusted according to the temperature of the charging device, the port temperature value, and the power demand information. This helps protect the charging device and prevents it from attempting to output high power when the device battery temperature is too high, which could damage the battery life.

[0102] Step S5 specifically includes: Send a third request to the charging device to reacquire the configuration descriptor of the charging device and obtain the real-time power demand information from the configuration descriptor.

[0103] When the real-time power demand exceeds the first power demand threshold, charging is performed in constant current charging mode. When the actual charging power changes, only the VBUS voltage of the USB input port is adjusted, not the VBUS current.

[0104] When the real-time power demand is less than the first power demand threshold but greater than the second power demand threshold, charging is performed in constant voltage charging mode. When the actual charging power changes, only the VBUS current of the USB input port is adjusted, not the VBUS voltage.

[0105] When the real-time power demand is less than the second power demand threshold, trickle charging mode is used.

[0106] When the real-time power demand is 0, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off.

[0107] In this preferred embodiment, the VBUS voltage is the potential difference of the power line in the USB output interface, which determines the power transmission strength. The VBUS current is the amount of charge passing through the VBUS line per unit time, which determines the power transmission flow rate. The VBUS voltage and VBUS together constitute the charging power (P=V×I). Based on the characteristics of the charging curve, the charging process is optimized. The charging power is fixed at this point; only the VBUS voltage or VBUS current is adjusted. In the constant current stage, the charging speed is ensured through current stabilization and voltage regulation. In the constant voltage stage, overcharging is avoided through voltage stabilization and current regulation. In the trickle charging stage, battery health is protected through small current maintenance. This facilitates precise control of the charging process, acting not only as a power divider but also ensuring the safety of the power bank and charging device. Furthermore, by optimizing the charging process, the battery life of the charging device can be extended.

[0108] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control circuit for a multi-port fast-charging power bank, characterized in that, include A power monitoring module is connected to the power battery, collects the status parameters of the power battery, and determines the total available power of the power battery in real time based on the status parameters. The configuration management module obtains the first status information of the USB input port of the charging device, and allocates power to each USB output port according to the first status information and the total available power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port. The multi-channel management module acquires the first status information of the USB input port in real time and collects the second status information of each USB output port. The second status information includes VBUS voltage, VBUS current and port temperature value. The power of each USB output port is adaptively adjusted based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and port temperature value. The multi-channel adjustment module adjusts the VBUS voltage or VBUS current based on the real-time power demand information of each USB input port.

2. A control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank, the method being used to execute the control circuit of the multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Obtain the status parameters of the power battery, and determine the total available power of the power battery in real time based on the status parameters; Step S2: Obtain the first status information of the USB input port of the charging device, and allocate power to each USB output port according to the first status information and the total available power to obtain the charging power of each USB output port; Step S3: Acquire the first status information of the USB input port in real time, and collect the second status information of each USB output port. The second status information includes VBUS voltage, VBUS current and port temperature value. Step S4: Adaptively adjust the power of each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and port temperature value; Step S5: Adjust the VBUS voltage or VBUS current according to the real-time power demand information of each USB input port.

3. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The status parameters include the power battery temperature and the remaining power battery charge. A mapping table of available total power is constructed in advance based on the correspondence between the power supply battery temperature, the remaining power of the power supply battery, and the total available power. Based on the real-time acquisition of the power supply battery temperature and remaining power, the available total power mapping table is queried to determine the available total power of the power supply battery in real time.

4. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Obtain the first status information of each USB input port of the charging device, specifically including: Step S21: After the charging device is connected to the USB port, a first request message is sent to the charging device to obtain the device descriptor and configure a unique code for the charging device descriptor. The device descriptor includes manufacturer information, product information, and serial number; Step S22: Send a second request message to the charging device, obtain the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor of the charging device, and obtain the first status information based on the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor; The first status information includes power demand information, charging configuration information, charging device type information, manufacturer ID, and product ID; Step S23: Match the encoding with the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor one by one to generate the device database; Step S24: Record the corresponding reception time of the configuration descriptor, interface descriptor and string descriptor, and use the reception time as the first time point; Extract the power demand information and charging configuration information from the configuration descriptor; Extract the type information of the charging device from the interface descriptor; Extract the vendor ID and product ID from the string descriptor; Step S25: The charging configuration information includes first power information and second power information. The first power information is greater than the second power information. The first power information is used as the charging power of the charging device, and power is allocated to the corresponding USB output port of the charging device.

5. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Real-time acquisition of the first status information of each USB input port, specifically including: A third request message is sent to the charging device to reacquire the configuration descriptor of the charging device, and the real-time power demand information is obtained from the configuration descriptor. The power demand information in the first status information of the charging device is updated, and the reception time of the real-time power demand information is used as the second time point.

6. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Adaptive power adjustment of each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, power demand information, charging configuration information, and second status information includes: Adaptive power adjustment for each USB output port based on the total available power of the power supply battery, including power adjustment based on port temperature and power demand information; The total charging power is obtained by adding up the charging power of all USB output ports. The relationship between the total charging power and the total available power of the power supply battery includes the first case and the second case. In the first case, the total charging power is less than the total usable power of the power supply battery; in the second case, the total charging power is greater than the total usable power of the power supply battery.

7. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Power adjustment is performed based on power demand information and port temperature values, specifically including: In the first case: The port temperature value is compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database. If the port temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold, retrieve the first status information of the USB input port corresponding to the USB output port, and reduce the charging power of the USB input port according to the charging configuration information in the first status information. Lowering the first-level charging power specifically includes adjusting the power allocation from the first power information to the second power information if the current power allocation is based on the first power information. If power allocation is currently based on the second power information, then the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database; If the port temperature of the marked charging device exceeds the second temperature threshold during subsequent charging, the first and second temperature thresholds will be lowered according to a predetermined value. In the second case: The port temperature value is compared with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold or the second temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off. If the port temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the charging device is marked in the device database. Distribute the total available power of the power supply battery to the remaining USB output ports.

8. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The charging device sends a third request message, receives the third request, and sends the real-time device battery temperature value. Power adjustment is performed based on the device's battery temperature and port temperature, specifically including: In the first case: Compare the port temperature value and the device battery temperature value with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold; If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off, and the charging device is marked in the device database. If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the second temperature threshold, retrieve the first status information of the USB input port corresponding to the USB output port, and reduce the charging power of the USB input port according to the charging configuration information in the first status information. If, during subsequent charging, either the port temperature or the battery temperature of the marked charging device exceeds the second temperature threshold, the first and second temperature thresholds will be lowered by a certain value. In the second case: Compare one of the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value with a preset first temperature threshold and a second temperature threshold; If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold or the second temperature threshold, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off. If either the port temperature value or the device battery temperature value is greater than the first temperature threshold, the charging device is marked in the device database. Distribute the total available power of the power supply battery to the remaining USB output ports.

9. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Adjust power according to power demand information, specifically including: In the first case, power allocation is performed according to step S2; When the real-time power demand information is greater than the predetermined first power demand threshold, power allocation is performed according to the first power information; When the real-time power demand information is less than the predetermined first power demand threshold, power allocation is performed according to the second power information. In the second case: Add up the real-time power demand information of all USB output ports to obtain the total power demand information, and calculate the percentage of the real-time power demand information of each charging device to the total power demand information; If the percentage of the charging device is greater than the predetermined percentage, then the power of the charging device is allocated according to the second power information, and the other charging devices are charged first. If the real-time power demand information of the charging device is less than the second power demand threshold, then the power of the charging device will be allocated according to the second power information, and the charging device will be charged first. The remaining charging devices are allocated power according to the percentage of real-time power demand to total power demand.

10. The control method for a multi-port fast-charging power bank as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Step S5 specifically includes: Send a third request to the charging device, re-acquire the configuration descriptor of the charging device, and obtain the real-time power demand information from the configuration descriptor; When the real-time power demand information is greater than the first power demand threshold, charging is performed in constant current charging mode. When the actual charging power changes, only the VBUS voltage of the USB input port is adjusted, and the VBUS current is not adjusted. When the real-time power demand information is less than the first power demand threshold and greater than the second power demand threshold, charging is performed in constant voltage charging mode. When the actual charging power changes, only the VBUS current of the USB input port is adjusted, and the VBUS voltage is not adjusted. When the real-time power demand information is less than the second power demand threshold, the trickle charging mode is used; When the real-time power demand is 0, the power supply to the corresponding USB output port is cut off.

Images