Absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device

Abstract

This application discloses an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device and a falling body deflection angle measuring method. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device is used to detect the deflection angle of a falling body descending in the vacuum chamber of an absolute gravimeter. It includes: a mounting frame that can be installed on the top of the vacuum chamber; a light source that is installed on the mounting frame and is used to emit laser light; a beam splitter that is installed on the mounting frame and can reflect the laser light to the top surface of the falling body so that the top surface of the falling body reflects the laser light to form a falling body reflected light; a convex lens that is installed on the mounting frame and is used to converge the reflected light; and a position sensitive detector that is installed on the mounting frame. The position sensitive detector has a target surface, and the convex lens is used to converge the falling body reflected light onto the target surface to form a light spot. When the falling body deflects, the position of the light spot shifts. The position sensitive detector determines the deflection direction and deflection angle of the falling body based on the shift direction and shift amount of the light spot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of absolute gravimeter technology, and in particular to an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] An absolute gravimeter is an instrument for precise measurement of gravitational acceleration. It has a vacuum chamber. When a body falls freely within this chamber, a laser interferometer records the change in the position of the optical center (the optical core) over time. The gravitational acceleration value is then obtained by fitting the data. However, the body deflects during free fall, causing the trajectory of the optical center detected by the interferometer to no longer match the trajectory of the body's center of mass, thus introducing measurement errors in gravitational acceleration. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] In view of this, the technical solution of this application proposes a device for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object in an absolute gravimeter, used to detect the deflection angle of a falling object descending in the vacuum chamber of an absolute gravimeter. The device includes: a mounting frame, which can be installed on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter; a light source, installed on the mounting frame, which is used to emit laser light; a beam splitter, installed on the mounting frame, which is located in the light output path of the light source and can reflect the laser light to the top surface of the falling object, so that the top surface of the falling object reflects the laser light to form reflected light from the falling object; a convex lens, installed on the mounting frame, which is used to converge the reflected light; and a position-sensitive detector, installed on the mounting frame, which has a target surface. The convex lens is used to converge the reflected light from the falling object onto the target surface to form a light spot. When the falling object deflects, the position of the light spot shifts. The position-sensitive detector determines the deflection direction and deflection angle of the falling object based on the direction and amount of the shift.

[0005] In some of the technical solutions provided in this application, the focal length of the convex lens is f, the offset of the light spot is X, and the deflection angle of the falling body is α, where f, X and α satisfy the formula X=f·tan(2α).

[0006] In some of the technical solutions provided in this application, when the falling object does not deflect, the point where the light spot lands on the target surface is taken as the origin, and a planar xy coordinate system is established on the target surface based on the origin. When the falling object deflects, the position-sensitive detector can determine the deflection direction of the falling object based on the x-coordinate value and y-coordinate value of the light spot in the planar xy coordinate system.

[0007] In some of the technical solutions provided in this application, the mounting frame includes: a mounting plate for mounting a light source, a beam splitter, a convex lens, and a position-sensitive detector; a support plate connected to the mounting plate, the support plate having a light-transmitting hole that allows the laser light reflected from the beam splitter to the falling body and the reflected light formed by the laser light reflected from the falling body to pass through; and multiple brackets connected to the bottom of the support plate, the brackets being able to be installed on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter.

[0008] In some of the technical solutions provided in this application, the light-transmitting aperture is positioned directly opposite the beam splitter.

[0009] In some of the technical solutions provided in this application, the mounting bracket further includes: multiple mounting seats mounted on the mounting plate; multiple adjusting components, each corresponding to one of the multiple mounting seats and movably mounted on the corresponding mounting seats; and a light source, a beam splitter, a convex lens, and a position-sensitive detector, each mounted on one of the multiple adjusting components, which are capable of moving and rotating relative to the mounting seats.

[0010] The second aspect of this application also proposes a method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object, implemented using the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device as proposed in the first aspect of this application. The method includes: installing the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter; placing the falling object at the starting position, turning on the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device, and collecting the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected from the falling object on the target surface of the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device as the first light spot position; releasing the falling object to allow it to fall freely within the vacuum chamber, and collecting the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected from the falling object on the target surface during the fall as the second light spot position; determining the deflection angle of the falling object based on the distance between the second light spot position and the first light spot position; and determining the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot.

[0011] In some technical solutions provided in this application, the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected on the target surface during the falling process of the falling object is collected as the second light spot position. This includes: collecting the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected on the target surface during the falling process of the falling object multiple times according to a preset frequency to obtain multiple second light spot positions.

[0012] In some technical solutions provided in this application, the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device includes a convex lens. The laser reflected by the falling body is focused onto the target surface through the convex lens. The deflection angle of the falling body is determined according to the distance between the position of the second light spot and the position of the first light spot, including: determining multiple light spot offsets according to the position of the first light spot and multiple second light spot positions; the focal length of the convex lens is f, the light spot offset is X, the deflection angle of the falling body is α, and the multiple deflection angles of the falling body are determined according to the formula X=f·tan(2α); and the curve of the deflection angle of the falling body changing with time is obtained.

[0013] In some technical solutions provided in this application, a planar xy coordinate system is established with the position of the first light spot as the origin, and the deflection direction of the falling body is determined according to the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot, including: determining the x-coordinate value and y-coordinate value of the second light spot in the planar xy coordinate system; and determining the deflection direction of the falling body according to the x-coordinate value and y-coordinate value.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device proposed in this application compares the position of the light spot formed after the falling object deflects with the position of the light spot formed before deflection using a position-sensitive detector. Based on the offset and direction of the offset, the deflection angle and direction of the falling object are determined. The absolute gravimeter can correct the measurement data of the falling object based on the detection results of the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device, thereby reducing measurement errors. This absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device uses a convex lens to converge reflected light onto the target surface, changing the reflected light from a divergent state to a convergent state, reducing the range of the light spot formed on the target surface, thus reducing the required size of the target surface and consequently reducing the space occupied by the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device. Furthermore, using a convex lens to converge reflected light onto the target surface effectively avoids measurement errors in the deflection angle caused by the horizontal motion of the falling object. Furthermore, by introducing a convex lens, this invention effectively increases the range of deflection angles that can be measured by the absolute gravimeter's falling body deflection angle measuring device, thus solving the problem in traditional methods where the light spot escapes from the target surface of the position-sensitive detector due to excessively large angles. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This paper shows a simplified structural diagram of an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This illustration shows one of the structural schematic diagrams of an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is shown as the third schematic diagram of the structure of an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 The fourth schematic diagram shows a structural schematic of an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This illustration shows one of the flowcharts of a method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a second schematic flowchart of a method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 The third illustration shows a flowchart of a method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object according to an embodiment of this application.

[0017] in, Figures 1 to 5 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 100. Absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device; 110. Mounting frame; 111. Mounting plate; 112. Support plate; 113. Bracket; 114. Light transmission hole; 115. Mounting base; 116. Adjustment component; 120. Light source; 130. Beam splitter; 140. Convex lens; 150. Target surface; 200. Falling body. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the above technical solutions, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0019] The following reference Figures 1 to 8 This invention describes an absolute gravimeter fall deflection angle measuring device and a fall deflection angle measuring method provided according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] In one embodiment according to this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, this application proposes an absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100, used to detect the deflection angle of a falling body 200 falling in the vacuum chamber of an absolute gravimeter. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100 includes: Mounting bracket 110 can be installed on top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter; light source 120 is installed on mounting bracket 110 and is used to emit laser light; beam splitter 130 is installed on mounting bracket 110 and is located in the light output path of light source 120. Beam splitter 130 can reflect laser light to the top surface of the falling body 200 so that the top surface of the falling body 200 reflects the laser light to form reflected light from the falling body 200; convex lens 140 is installed on mounting bracket 110 and is used to converge the reflected light; position sensitive detector is installed on mounting bracket 110 and has a target surface 150. The convex lens 140 is used to converge the reflected light from the falling body 200 onto the target surface 150 to form a light spot. When the falling body 200 deflects, the position of the light spot shifts. The position sensitive detector determines the deflection direction and deflection angle of the falling body 200 based on the direction and amount of the shift.

[0021] The absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100 proposed in this application can be installed on an absolute gravimeter, which includes a vacuum chamber. A falling body 200 is tested within the vacuum chamber. When the falling body 200 falls freely within the vacuum chamber, the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100 can detect the deflection angle and direction of the falling body 200 during its descent. The absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100 includes a mounting frame 110, a light source 120, a beam splitter 130, a convex lens 140, and a position-sensitive detector. The mounting frame 110 can be installed on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter, and the light source 120, beam splitter 130, convex lens 140, and position-sensitive detector are mounted on the mounting frame 110. The light source 120 is used to emit laser light, and the light source 120 can be a laser generator. The beam splitter 130 is used to reflect the laser light to the falling body 200. The falling body 200 reflects the laser light. The convex lens 140 focuses the laser light reflected by the falling body 200 to the position sensitive detector. The position sensitive detector determines the deflection angle and deflection direction of the falling body 200 based on the landing point of the laser light focused by the convex lens 140.

[0022] Specifically, beam splitter 130 is located in the light path of light source 120. Beam splitter 130 reflects the laser emitted by light source 120, and the reflected laser falls on the top surface of falling object 200. The top surface of falling object 200 reflects the laser, forming a reflected light ray. The reflected light ray passes through convex lens 140, which converges the reflected light ray. The position-sensitive detector has a target surface 150, and convex lens 140 converges the light reflected by falling object 200 onto target surface 150. The position of the reflected light ray on target surface 150 forms a light spot. Understandably, if falling object 200 deflects during its descent, the reflection angle of the reflected light ray will change, thus causing a change in the position of the light spot on target surface 150. The position-sensitive detector can obtain the position of the light spot in real time, and then determine the deflection angle of falling object 200 based on the amount of light spot deflection, and determine the deflection direction of falling object 200 based on the direction of light spot deflection. The absolute gravimeter can correct the measurement data of the falling body 200 based on the detection results of the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100, thereby reducing the measurement error.

[0023] The absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100 proposed in this application compares the position of the light spot formed after the falling object 200 deflects with the position of the light spot formed when it is not deflected using a position-sensitive detector. Based on the offset and direction of the offset, the deflection angle and direction of the falling object are determined. The absolute gravimeter can correct the measurement data of the falling object 200 based on the detection results of the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100, thereby reducing measurement errors. This absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100 uses a convex lens 140 to converge reflected light onto the target surface 150, changing the reflected light from a divergent state to a convergent state, reducing the range of the light spot formed on the target surface 150, thus reducing the required size of the target surface 150 and consequently reducing the space occupied by the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device 100. Furthermore, by introducing a convex lens 140, the present invention effectively increases the range of deflection angles that can be measured by the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100, and solves the problem in the traditional method that the light spot escapes from the target surface 150 of the position-sensitive detector due to the excessive angle.

[0024] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the focal length of the convex lens 140 is f, the offset of the light spot is X, and the deflection angle of the falling body 200 is α. Among them, f, X and α satisfy the formula X=f·tan(2α).

[0025] In this embodiment, the method by which the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100 confirms the deflection angle of the falling body 200 is further defined. The deflection angle of the falling body 200 is related to the focal length of the convex lens 140 and the offset of the light spot. Specifically, the focal length of the convex lens 140 is f, the offset of the light spot is X, and the deflection angle of the falling body 200 is α, where f, X, and α satisfy the formula X = f·tan(2α). When the deflection angle of the falling body 200 is measured by the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100, the deflection angle of the falling body 200 is α ( Figure 1 The dashed line portion of the falling body 200 is a schematic diagram of the falling body 200 after deflection by an angle α. The reflected light generated by the falling body 200 undergoes an angle change of 2α. Figure 1 The light path shown by the dashed line is the reflected light after a 2α-angle deflection. After passing through the convex lens 140 with a focal length of f, the reflected light forms a spot on the target surface 150 with an X-axis shift. After confirming the shift of the spot, the position-sensitive detector can directly determine the deflection angle α of the falling object 200 according to the formula X=f·tan(2α). Figure 1 As shown, the falling body 200 will shift along the horizontal position during its descent, which will not affect the position of the light spot on the target surface 150. The position of the light spot on the target surface 150 is affected by the deflection angle of the falling body 200.

[0026] In one possible embodiment, the distance between the vertex of the surface of the convex lens 140 facing the target surface 150 and the target surface 150 is f.

[0027] In some embodiments, optionally, when the falling object 200 does not deflect, the point where the light spot falls on the target surface 150 is taken as the origin, and a planar xy coordinate system is established on the target surface 150 based on the origin. When the falling object 200 deflects, the position-sensitive detector can determine the deflection direction of the falling object 200 according to the x-coordinate value and y-coordinate value of the light spot falling in the planar xy coordinate system.

[0028] In this embodiment, the method by which the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100 determines the deflection direction of the falling body 200 is further defined. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device 100 determines the deflection direction of the falling body 200 based on the offset direction of the light spot on the target surface 150. Using the light spot formed on the target surface 150 by the reflected light when the falling body 200 is stationary and has not deflected as a reference, the light spot formed on the target surface 150 by the reflected light during the falling body 200 is compared with the reference, thereby confirming the deflection direction of the falling body 200.

[0029] Specifically, when the falling object 200 remains stationary and does not deflect, the light source 120 emits laser light. The top surface of the falling object 200 reflects the laser light reflected by the beam splitter 130, forming a reflected ray. The convex lens 140 converges the reflected ray onto the target surface 150, forming a light spot. The location of this light spot is taken as the origin. In other words, the origin is the position of the light spot formed when the falling object 200 does not deflect. A planar xy coordinate system is established on the target surface 150 based on the origin.

[0030] Furthermore, when the falling object 200 falls freely within the vacuum cavity, it deflects during its descent. At this time, the top surface of the falling object 200 reflects light, causing the angle of the reflected light to deflect. After passing through the convex lens 140, the position of the reflected light on the target surface 150 shifts relative to the origin. The light spot formed by the reflected light on the target surface 150 falls in a planar xy coordinate system and has corresponding x and y coordinate values. The x and y coordinate values ​​of the light spot are related to the deflection direction of the falling object 200. The position-sensitive detector can determine the deflection direction of the falling object 200 based on the x and y coordinate values ​​of the light spot.

[0031] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the mounting frame 110 includes: a mounting plate 111 for mounting a light source 120, a beam splitter 130, a convex lens 140, and a position-sensitive detector; a support plate 112 connected to the mounting plate 111, the support plate 112 having a light-transmitting hole 114, the light-transmitting hole 114 being able to transmit the laser light reflected from the beam splitter 130 to the falling body 200 and the reflected light formed by the laser light reflected from the falling body 200; and multiple brackets 113 connected to the bottom of the support plate 112, the brackets 113 being able to be mounted on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter.

[0032] In this embodiment, the structure of the mounting frame 110 is defined. The mounting frame 110 includes a mounting plate 111, a support plate 112, and a plurality of brackets 113. The mounting plate 111 is used to mount components such as the light source 120, the beam splitter 130, the convex lens 140, and the position-sensitive detector. The brackets 113 can be mounted on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter and are supported by the support plate 112.

[0033] Specifically, the support plate 112 is connected to the mounting plate 111, and there is an angle between the support plate 112 and the mounting plate 111. A bracket 113 is connected to the bottom of the support plate 112 to support both the support plate 112 and the mounting plate 111. The bracket 113 can be a tripod to ensure stability for both the support plate 112 and the mounting plate 111. Since the bracket 113 can be installed on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter, it does not damage the original structure of the absolute gravimeter, making it flexible and convenient to use. A light-transmitting hole 114 is provided on the support plate 112, allowing light to pass through. When the light source 120 emits laser light, the beam splitter 130 reflects the laser light to the top surface of the falling body 200, where it passes through the light-transmitting hole 114. The reflected light from the laser light reflected by the top surface of the falling body 200 passes through the light-transmitting hole 114 and is transmitted to the convex lens 140. By providing a light-transmitting hole 114 on the support plate 112, normal laser propagation can be achieved.

[0034] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the light-transmitting aperture 114 is positioned directly opposite the beam splitter 130.

[0035] In this embodiment, the relative positions of the light-transmitting aperture 114 and the beam splitter 130 are defined. Specifically, the light-transmitting aperture 114 is positioned directly opposite the beam splitter 130, that is, the light-transmitting aperture 114 is located directly below the beam splitter 130. Understandably, the falling body 200 falls vertically during free fall. By positioning the light-transmitting aperture 114 directly below the beam splitter 130, the laser light can be reflected unobstructed to the top surface of the falling body 200, preventing the laser light from being blocked during propagation.

[0036] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the mounting bracket 110 also includes: a plurality of mounting seats 115 mounted on the mounting plate 111; a plurality of adjusting members 116, which are correspondingly arranged with the plurality of mounting seats 115 and are movably mounted on the respective mounting seats 115; the light source 120, the beam splitter 130, the convex lens 140 and the position sensitive detector are respectively mounted on the plurality of adjusting members 116, and the adjusting members 116 can move and rotate relative to the mounting seats 115.

[0037] In this embodiment, the structure of the mounting bracket 110 is further defined. The mounting bracket 110 also includes a plurality of mounting seats 115 and adjusting members 116, which are used to adjust the position of various components mounted on the mounting plate 111. Specifically, the number of mounting seats 115 and adjusting members 116 is the same, and the adjusting members 116 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the mounting seats 115. The mounting seats 115 are mounted on the mounting plate 111, and the adjusting members 116 are mounted on the corresponding mounting seats 115. Furthermore, each adjusting member 116 is movable relative to the corresponding mounting seat 115. The light source 120, the beam splitter 130, the convex lens 140, and the position-sensitive detector are respectively mounted on the plurality of adjusting members 116. The adjusting members 116 can move and rotate relative to the mounting seats 115, so that the positions of the light source 120, the beam splitter 130, the convex lens 140, and the position-sensitive detector can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting members 116. When the falling object 200 has not fallen and has not deflected, the control light source 120 emits laser light. The reflected laser light from the falling object 200 is focused onto the target surface 150 by the convex lens 140. At this time, the position and deflection angle of at least one of the light source 120, beam splitter 130, convex lens 140, and position-sensitive detector are adjusted by the adjustment component, so that the light spot falls on a preset position on the target surface 150, and this position is used as the origin. In one possible embodiment, the preset position is the center of the target surface 150.

[0038] In one possible embodiment, the adjusting member 116 is provided with a knob, which the operator can use to adjust the position of the adjusting member 116, so that the adjusting member 116 drives the light source 120, the beam splitter 130, the convex lens 140 and the position-sensitive detector to move and / or rotate relative to the mounting base 115.

[0039] The second aspect of this application also proposes a method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body, implemented using the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device proposed in any of the above embodiments, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body includes the following steps 102 to 110, wherein: 102: Install the absolute gravimeter's falling body deflection angle measuring device on the top of the absolute gravimeter's vacuum chamber; 104: Place the falling body at the starting position, turn on the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device, and collect the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected from the falling body on the target surface of the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device as the first light spot position; 106: Release the falling body and let it fall freely in the vacuum chamber. Collect the position of the laser spot formed by the laser reflected on the target surface during the falling process, and use it as the position of the second laser spot. 108: Determine the deflection angle of the falling object based on the distance between the position of the second light spot and the position of the first light spot; 110: Determine the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot.

[0040] The method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object proposed in this application employs an absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device. This device detects the falling object within the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter to determine its deflection angle and direction during descent. Before measuring the deflection angle and direction, the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device is installed at the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter, and the falling object undergoes a free fall test within the vacuum chamber.

[0041] Then, the falling object is placed at the starting position. When the falling object is at the starting position, it remains stationary and does not deflect. At this time, the absolute gravimeter's falling object deflection angle measuring device is activated. The light source in the absolute gravimeter's falling object deflection angle measuring device emits a laser beam, which is reflected onto the top surface of the falling object. The top surface of the falling object reflects the laser beam, forming a reflected light ray. The absolute gravimeter's falling object deflection angle measuring device also includes a convex lens and a position-sensitive detector. The position-sensitive detector includes a target surface. The reflected light ray is focused onto the target surface by the convex lens to form a light spot. The position of this light spot is collected and recorded as the first light spot position. The first light spot position is the position of the light spot formed by the reflected laser when the falling object does not deflect.

[0042] Further, the falling object is released, allowing it to fall freely within the vacuum chamber. The absolute gravimeter's falling object deflection angle measuring device remains active, ensuring continuous laser emission from the light source. During its descent, the falling object may deflect. When this deflection occurs, the reflected laser light will also deflect accordingly, causing a change in the position of the laser spot formed on the target surface. Specifically, during the free fall of the object, the position of the laser spot formed by the reflected laser light on the target surface is collected and recorded as the second spot position. Understandably, when the object deflects, there will be a shift between the second spot position and the first spot position.

[0043] Furthermore, the deflection angle of the falling object is determined based on the distance between the positions of the second and first light spots. Understandably, the distance between the positions of the second and first light spots is related to the deflection angle of the reflected light rays formed by the laser beams reflected from the falling object, and the deflection angle of the reflected light rays is related to the deflection angle of the falling object. Therefore, the deflection angle of the falling object can be determined based on the distance between the positions of the second and first light spots.

[0044] Furthermore, the deflection direction of the falling object is determined based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot. Understandably, when the falling object deflects in different directions, the reflected light rays will deflect in the corresponding directions, causing the second light spot to fall on different directions of the first light spot. Therefore, the deflection direction of the falling object can be determined based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot.

[0045] By employing the above method to detect falling objects, not only can the deflection angle of the falling object be obtained, but the deflection direction can also be directly determined, providing sufficient and effective information for fault diagnosis. Furthermore, the absolute gravimeter falling object deflection angle measuring device used in this method, by introducing a convex lens, effectively increases the range of deflection angles that can be measured by the absolute gravimeter falling object deflection angle measuring device, solving the problem in traditional methods where the light spot escapes from the target surface of the position-sensitive detector due to excessively large angles.

[0046] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 7 As shown, the method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body includes the following steps 202 to 210, wherein: 202: Install the absolute gravimeter's falling body deflection angle measuring device on the top of the absolute gravimeter's vacuum chamber; 204: Place the falling body at the starting position, turn on the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device, and collect the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected by the falling body on the target surface of the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device as the first light spot position; 206: Release the falling body and let it fall freely in the vacuum chamber. Collect the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected on the target surface during the falling process multiple times according to the preset frequency to obtain multiple second light spot positions. 208: Determine the deflection angle of the falling object based on the distance between the position of the second light spot and the position of the first light spot; 210: Determine the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot.

[0047] In this embodiment, the step of selecting the position of the laser spot formed by the reflected laser light on the target surface during the fall of the object as the second spot position is specifically defined. When selecting the second spot position, the position can be selected multiple times at a preset frequency to determine the deflection angle of the falling object at different times.

[0048] Specifically, after determining the position of the first laser spot, the falling object is released to allow it to fall freely within the vacuum chamber. Taking the moment the falling object begins to fall as the starting point, the position of the laser spot formed by the reflected laser light on the target surface during the falling process is repeatedly sampled at a preset frequency. This means the position of the second laser spot is sampled multiple times at a preset frequency. This allows us to determine the change in the position of the second laser spot at different times, and thus determine the deflection angle of the falling object at different times. In this way, a correlation between the deflection angle of the falling object and time can be established, resulting in a correlation curve between the deflection angle and time.

[0049] In some embodiments, optionally, the absolute gravimeter's falling body deflection angle measuring device includes a convex lens, through which the laser light reflected by the falling body is focused onto a target surface, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the step of determining the deflection angle of the falling object based on the distance between the position of the second light spot and the position of the first light spot includes the following steps 302 to 306, wherein: 302: Determine multiple spot offsets based on the position of the first spot and the positions of multiple second spots; 304: The focal length of the convex lens is f, the offset of the light spot is X, and the deflection angle of the falling body is α. The deflection angles of multiple falling bodies are determined according to the formula X=f·tan(2α). 306: Obtain the curve of the deflection angle of the falling body as a function of time.

[0050] In this embodiment, the step of determining the deflection angle of the falling object based on the distance between the second spot position and the first spot position is specifically defined. After determining the second spot position, the spot offset is determined based on the first spot position and the second spot position. Since the second spot position is collected multiple times at a preset frequency, multiple spot offsets can be determined based on the first spot position and multiple second spot positions. Each of the multiple spot offsets corresponds to the time when the second spot position is collected, thereby establishing a correlation between the spot offset and time.

[0051] Furthermore, the deflection angle of the falling object is related to the focal length of the convex lens and the spot offset. Specifically, the focal length of the convex lens is f, the spot offset is X, and the deflection angle of the falling object is α, where f, X, and α satisfy the formula X = f·tan(2α). When the deflection angle of the falling object is measured by the absolute gravimeter deflection angle measuring device, the deflection angle of the falling object is α, and the reflected light formed by the falling object undergoes an angle change of 2α. After passing through the convex lens with a focal length of f, the position of the second spot formed on the target surface by the reflected light undergoes a spot offset of X relative to the position of the first spot. After confirming the spot offset, the position-sensitive detector can directly determine the deflection angle α of the falling object according to the formula X = f·tan(2α).

[0052] Based on multiple time-correlated spot offsets, the deflection angle of the falling object at different times can be determined. Thus, a correlation between the deflection angle and time can be established, resulting in a curve showing the change of the deflection angle over time.

[0053] In some embodiments, optionally, a planar xy coordinate system is established with the position of the first light spot as the origin. The step of determining the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot includes the following steps 402 to 404, wherein: 402: Determine the x and y coordinates of the second light spot in the xy coordinate system of the plane; 404: Determine the deflection direction of the falling object based on the x-coordinate and y-coordinate values.

[0054] In this embodiment, the step of determining the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot is specifically defined. The absolute gravimeter falling object deflection angle measuring device determines the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the light spot on the target surface. By comparing the position of the first light spot with the position of the second light spot using the position of the first light spot as a reference, the deflection direction of the falling object can be confirmed.

[0055] Specifically, a planar xy coordinate system is established with the position of the first light spot as the origin. When the object falls freely in the vacuum cavity, it deflects during the fall. At this time, the top surface of the object reflects the light, and the angle of the reflected light deflects. After passing through the convex lens, the position of the second light spot formed on the target surface is offset compared to the position of the first light spot. The second light spot then falls in the planar xy coordinate system and has corresponding x and y coordinate values. The x and y coordinate values ​​of the second light spot are related to the deflection direction of the object. The position-sensitive detector acquires the x and y coordinate values ​​of the second light spot and then determines the deflection direction of the object based on these values.

[0056] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body using an absolute gravimeter, characterized in that, For detecting the deflection angle of a falling object descending in the vacuum chamber of an absolute gravimeter, the absolute gravimeter falling object deflection angle measuring device includes: The mounting bracket can be installed on top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter; A light source, mounted on the mounting bracket, is used to emit laser light; A beam splitter is mounted on the mounting frame. The beam splitter is located in the light output path of the light source. The beam splitter can reflect the laser to the top surface of the falling object, so that the top surface of the falling object reflects the laser to form a reflected light beam. A convex lens, mounted on the mounting bracket, is used to converge the reflected light rays; A position-sensitive detector is mounted on the mounting frame. The position-sensitive detector has a target surface. The convex lens is used to focus the light reflected by the falling object onto the target surface to form a light spot. When the falling object deflects, the position of the light spot shifts. The position-sensitive detector determines the deflection direction and deflection angle of the falling object based on the shift direction and amount of the light spot.

2. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focal length of the convex lens is f, the offset of the light spot is X, and the deflection angle of the falling object is α, wherein f, X, and α satisfy the formula X=f·tan(2α).

3. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the falling object does not deflect, the point where the light spot lands on the target surface is taken as the origin, and a planar xy coordinate system is established on the target surface based on the origin. When the falling object deflects, the position-sensitive detector can determine the deflection direction of the falling object based on the x and y coordinate values ​​of the light spot in the planar xy coordinate system.

4. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The mounting bracket includes: Mounting plate for mounting the light source, the beam splitter, the convex lens, and the position-sensitive detector; A support plate is connected to the mounting plate. The support plate has a light-transmitting hole, which allows the laser light reflected from the beam splitter onto the falling body and the reflected light formed by the laser light reflected from the falling body to pass through the light-transmitting hole. Multiple brackets are connected to the bottom of the support plate, and the brackets can be installed on top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter.

5. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light-transmitting hole is positioned directly opposite the beam splitter.

6. The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting bracket also includes: Multiple mounting brackets are mounted on the mounting plate; Multiple adjustment components are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple mounting bases and are movably mounted on the respective mounting bases. The light source, the beam splitter, the convex lens, and the position-sensitive detector are respectively mounted on the multiple adjustment components. The adjustment components are capable of moving and rotating relative to the mounting bases.

7. A method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling object, characterized in that, The method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body, which is implemented using the absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, includes: The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device is installed on the top of the vacuum chamber of the absolute gravimeter; Place the falling object at the starting position, turn on the absolute gravimeter falling object deflection angle measuring device, and collect the position of the light spot formed by the laser reflected by the falling object on the target surface of the absolute gravimeter falling object deflection angle measuring device as the first light spot position. Release the falling object and let it fall freely in the vacuum cavity. Collect the position of the laser spot formed by the laser reflected on the target surface during the falling process, and use it as the second laser spot position. The deflection angle of the falling object is determined based on the distance between the position of the second light spot and the position of the first light spot; The deflection direction of the falling object is determined based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot.

8. The method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of collecting the position of the laser spot formed by the reflected laser light on the target surface during the falling process of the object, as the second laser spot position, includes: The positions of the light spots formed by the laser reflected from the falling object on the target surface are collected multiple times according to a preset frequency to obtain multiple second light spot positions.

9. The method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body according to claim 8, characterized in that, The absolute gravimeter falling body deflection angle measuring device includes a convex lens. The laser light reflected by the falling body is focused onto the target surface through the convex lens. Determining the deflection angle of the falling body based on the distance between the second spot position and the first spot position includes: Multiple spot offsets are determined based on the position of the first spot and the positions of multiple second spots; The focal length of the convex lens is f, the offset of the light spot is X, and the deflection angle of the falling body is α. The deflection angles of the falling body are determined according to the formula X=f·tan(2α). The curve showing how the deflection angle of the falling body changes over time is obtained.

10. The method for measuring the deflection angle of a falling body according to claim 8, characterized in that, Establishing a planar xy coordinate system with the position of the first light spot as the origin, and determining the deflection direction of the falling object based on the offset direction of the second light spot relative to the first light spot, includes: Determine the x-coordinate and y-coordinate values ​​of the second light spot in the plane xy coordinate system; The deflection direction of the falling object is determined based on the x-coordinate value and the y-coordinate value.

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