Filling method for perovskite solar cell module slots

Abstract

This application relates to a method for filling a perovskite solar cell module slot, comprising: filling the slot with a first filler having a first preset viscosity, such that the first filler covers the bottom and at least part of the sidewalls of the slot; filling the slot with a second filler having a second preset viscosity, such that the second filler covers the first filler and a preset area of ​​the edge of the slot; the second preset viscosity is greater than the first preset viscosity. This method achieves precise and reliable sealing of the slot and its preset edge area, effectively improving problems such as residual debris, electrical defects, and moisture migration in the slot, thereby increasing the yield, power generation performance, and long-term reliability of the perovskite solar cell module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of perovskite battery technology, and in particular to a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite battery module. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of large-area fabrication and series interconnection of perovskite solar modules, laser scribing is usually used to form P1, P2, and P3 groove structures. This structure is the key to achieving electrode isolation and electrical connection between sub-cells, and directly affects the interconnection effect and power generation performance of the module.

[0003] During laser scribing, the transparent conductive layer, functional layer, or electrode layer of the module needs to be locally removed to form trenches. However, due to the characteristics of laser processing, the edges of the trenches are prone to defects such as redeposited debris, edge lifting, and microcracks, which damage the structural stability of the trench area. As the module area continues to increase and the market's requirements for its long-term reliability continue to rise, the trenches and their edge areas are gradually becoming weak points of the module, easily causing various problems, including leakage, short circuits, water vapor and ion migration, and film lifting after lamination that punctures the perovskite layer, which seriously affect the module's lifespan and yield.

[0004] In related technologies, when processing the wire trough, the process often relies on overall encapsulation or passive coverage by subsequent film layers. This cannot achieve precise and reliable sealing of the wire trough and its edge areas, and cannot effectively solve problems such as residual debris, electrical defects, and water vapor migration in the wire trough. As a result, it is difficult to meet the high performance and long-term reliability requirements of large-area perovskite solar modules, thus restricting the large-scale industrial application of the modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to address the technical problems existing in the grooves and their edge areas in related technologies. This application provides a method for filling grooves in perovskite battery modules.

[0006] This application provides a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module, including:

[0007] A first filler having a first preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the first filler covers the bottom and at least part of the sidewalls of the groove to be filled;

[0008] A second filler with a second preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the second filler covers the first filler and a preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled; the second preset viscosity is greater than the first preset viscosity.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 2 mPa·s and less than or equal to 50 mPa·s; and / or,

[0010] The second preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 10 mPa·s and less than or equal to 300 mPa·s.

[0011] In one embodiment, before filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0012] Acquire image information of the groove to be filled;

[0013] Based on the image information, feature information of the groove to be filled is extracted, and the feature information includes at least one of the center line, boundary and end of the groove to be filled;

[0014] Based on the feature information, a filling path corresponding to the first filler and the second filler is generated.

[0015] In one embodiment, during the process of filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0016] The filling path is corrected in real time based on the positioning marks on the perovskite solar cell assembly and / or the feature information of the groove to be filled.

[0017] In one embodiment, after filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0018] The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a multi-stage curing process, with the curing temperature increasing gradually for each stage.

[0019] In one embodiment, the step of performing a multi-stage curing process on the first filler and the second filler includes:

[0020] The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a first curing treatment at a first preset temperature for a first preset duration;

[0021] The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a second curing treatment at a second preset temperature for a second preset duration; the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, and the second preset duration is greater than the first preset duration.

[0022] In one embodiment, the first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 50°C and less than or equal to 80°C, and the first preset duration is greater than or equal to 30s and less than or equal to 90s; and / or,

[0023] The second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 100℃ and less than or equal to 120℃; the second preset duration is greater than or equal to 150s and less than or equal to 300s.

[0024] In one embodiment, after the first filler and the second filler are subjected to a staged curing process, the method further includes:

[0025] The groove to be filled is inspected;

[0026] If a defective area and / or overflow area is detected in the groove to be filled, the second filler is added to the defective area, and / or,

[0027] Remove the first packing and / or the second packing located within the overflow area.

[0028] In one embodiment, before filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0029] A first pretreatment is performed on the groove to be filled and a predetermined area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled to remove debris and redeposit.

[0030] A second preprocessing is performed on the groove to be filled and the preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled, so that the contact angle between the groove to be filled and the preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled and the first filler and the second filler is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 60°.

[0031] In one embodiment, the step of filling the groove to be filled with a second filler having a second preset viscosity includes:

[0032] A second filler with a second preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the amount of the second filler at the two ends of the groove along the extension direction is greater than the amount of the second filler in the area of ​​the groove other than the ends.

[0033] The aforementioned method for filling the perovskite solar cell module groove involves first filling the groove with a first filler of a first preset viscosity, and then filling it with a second filler with a viscosity greater than the first preset viscosity. The first filler covers the bottom and at least part of the sidewalls of the groove, while the second filler covers the first filler and a preset area of ​​the groove's edge. This achieves precise and reliable sealing of the groove and its edge areas. The lower viscosity of the first filler allows for thorough wetting of the bottom and sidewalls of the groove, precisely penetrating and filling micro-cracks and gaps caused by laser scribing, and encapsulating redeposited debris within the groove, significantly improving the structural stability of the groove area. The higher viscosity of the second filler allows for... This method effectively avoids overflow during the filling process, preventing contamination of the module's power generation area. It also completely covers the first filler and the pre-defined area at the edge of the groove to be filled, eliminating defects such as edge warping. This effectively blocks the migration channels of water vapor, oxygen, and ions, significantly reducing the probability of electrical defects such as leakage and short circuits. Furthermore, the step-by-step filling process achieves refined and controllable sealing protection for the groove and its edge areas, improving the consistency of filling long grooves, reducing the risk of leaks at the groove ends, and enhancing the structural strength of the groove and edge areas. This prevents the film layer from warping and puncturing the perovskite layer after module lamination, thereby effectively improving the yield, power generation performance, and long-term reliability of perovskite solar cell modules. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a first flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite solar cell module in one embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a second flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a third flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a fourth flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a fifth flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a sixth flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 8This is a seventh flowchart of a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] 11. Substrate; 12. Transparent conductive layer; 13. Power generation functional layer; 131. Electron transport layer; 132. Hole transport layer; 133. Perovskite light absorption layer; 14. Electrode layer. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0046] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0049] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0050] In the process of large-area fabrication and series interconnection of perovskite solar modules, laser scribing is usually used to form P1, P2, and P3 groove structures. This groove structure is the core structure for realizing electrode isolation and electrical connection between sub-cells, and directly determines the series interconnection effect and power generation performance of the module.

[0051] During the laser scribing process, the transparent conductive layer, functional layer, or electrode layer of the component needs to be locally removed to form a groove that meets the design requirements. However, due to the characteristics of laser processing, the groove edge is prone to defects such as redeposited debris, edge lifting, microcracks, and local compositional changes. These defects will adversely affect the structural integrity and stability of the groove area.

[0052] As the area of ​​perovskite solar modules continues to increase and market demands for long-term reliability continue to rise, the grooves formed by laser scribing and their edge areas are gradually becoming weak points in the modules. The structural defects in these areas can easily evolve into key issues affecting module performance and lifespan, specifically in three aspects: First, structural defects in the grooves and edge areas can easily become the starting point for leakage and short circuits, leading to decreased module power generation efficiency and even module failure. Second, gaps and defects in the grooves and edge areas can form channels for the migration of water vapor, oxygen, or ions, accelerating the degradation of functional layers such as the perovskite layer and severely affecting the long-term stability of the module. Third, after the module lamination process, the film layer at the edge of the grooves can easily puncture the perovskite active layer or overlap with adjacent sub-cells, causing a short circuit and reducing the module's yield and reliability.

[0053] When processing the wire trough, the process often relies on overall encapsulation or passive coverage by subsequent film layers. This makes it impossible to achieve precise and reliable sealing of the wire trough and its edge areas. It also fails to effectively solve problems such as residual debris, electrical defects, and moisture migration in the wire trough. Consequently, it is difficult to meet the high-performance and long-term reliability requirements of large-area perovskite solar modules, thus restricting the large-scale industrial application of these modules.

[0054] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a filling method for perovskite battery module slots, which can achieve precise and reliable sealing of the slots and their edge preset areas, effectively improve problems such as residual debris, electrical defects, and moisture migration in the slots, and improve the yield, power generation performance and long-term reliability of perovskite battery modules.

[0055] See Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module, including:

[0056] S100: Fill the groove to be filled with a first filler having a first preset viscosity, such that the first filler covers the bottom and at least part of the sidewalls of the groove to be filled.

[0057] S200: Fill the groove to be filled with a second filler having a second preset viscosity, such that the second filler covers the first filler and a preset area at the edge of the groove to be filled; the second preset viscosity is greater than the first preset viscosity.

[0058] The perovskite solar cell module slot filling method provided in this application embodiment involves first filling the slot with a first filler of a first preset viscosity, and then filling it with a second filler with a viscosity greater than the first preset viscosity. The first filler covers the bottom and at least part of the sidewalls of the slot, while the second filler covers the first filler and a preset area of ​​the edge of the slot. This achieves precise and reliable sealing of the slot and its edge areas. The lower viscosity of the first filler allows for thorough wetting of the bottom and sidewalls of the slot, precisely penetrating and filling micro-cracks and gaps caused by laser scribing, and encapsulating redeposited debris within the slot. This effectively solves the problems of existing technologies failing to specifically fill defects in the slot and exhibiting poor structural integrity in the slot area, significantly improving the structural stability of the slot area. The second filler, with its higher viscosity... The viscosity effectively prevents overflow during the filling process, avoiding contamination of the module's power generation area. It also completely covers the first filler and the pre-defined area at the edge of the groove to be filled, eliminating edge warping and other defects. This effectively blocks water vapor, oxygen, and ion migration channels, significantly reducing the likelihood of electrical defects such as leakage and short circuits. This solves the problems of incomplete sealing, easy formation of water vapor and ion migration channels, and poor long-term module reliability inherent in existing technologies. Furthermore, the step-by-step filling process achieves refined and controllable sealing protection for the groove and edge areas, improving the filling consistency of long grooves, reducing the risk of leaks at the groove ends, and enhancing the structural strength of the groove and edge areas. This prevents the film layer from warping and puncturing the perovskite layer after module lamination, effectively improving the yield, power generation performance, and long-term reliability of perovskite solar cell modules.

[0059] It should be noted that, for reference Figure 2 As shown, the groove to be filled includes at least one of groove P1, groove P2, and groove P3. The width of the groove to be filled is greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 200 μm, and the depth of the groove to be filled is greater than or equal to 0.05 μm and less than or equal to 5 μm.

[0060] See Figure 2As shown, the perovskite solar cell module includes a substrate 11 and a transparent conductive layer 12, a power generation functional layer 13, and an electrode layer 14 sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 11. The power generation functional layer 13 includes an electron transport layer 131, a hole transport layer 132, and a perovskite light absorption layer 133, with the perovskite light absorption layer 133 located between the electron transport layer 131 and the hole transport layer 132. After the transparent conductive layer 12 is fabricated, a P1 groove is formed by laser scribing, penetrating the transparent conductive layer 12 along the thickness direction of the substrate 11. After the power generation functional layer 13 is fabricated, a P2 groove is formed by laser scribing, penetrating the power generation functional layer 13 along the thickness direction of the substrate 11. After the electrode layer 14 is fabricated, a P3 groove is formed by laser scribing, penetrating the electrode layer 14 along the thickness direction of the substrate 11. After forming the P1 groove, the filling method of this application can be used to fill the P1 groove; after forming the P2 groove, the filling method of this application can be used to fill the P2 groove; and after forming the P3 groove, the filling method of this application can be used to fill the P3 groove. It is understood that inkjet printing can be used to fill the grooves to be filled in stages with the first filler and the second filler; of course, other filling methods can also be used, and there are no limitations on this.

[0061] The preset area at the edge of the trough to be filled refers to the area extending outwards by a preset width to both sides of the trough, with the total width of this preset area being the sum of the preset widths on both sides. The preset width ranges from 0.05 to 0.30 mm. In other words, the area covered by the second filler refers to the area covering the trough body and extending outwards by a preset width to both sides, with the centerline of the trough as the reference. The coverage width of the second filler is the sum of the width of the trough itself and the preset widths on both sides.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 2 mPa·s and less than or equal to 50 mPa·s. Optionally, the first preset viscosity may be greater than or equal to 2 mPa·s and less than or equal to 20 mPa·s.

[0063] Thus, limiting the first preset viscosity of the first filler to the above-mentioned range ensures that the first filler has good fluidity and wettability, can fully penetrate the bottom and sidewalls of the groove to be filled, accurately fill the micro-cracks and gaps formed by laser scribing, and encapsulate the redeposited debris inside the groove, achieving effective filling of defects inside the groove; while avoiding the filler from being too low in viscosity, which would cause it to flow randomly and be difficult to shape during the filling process, ensuring full filling of the groove to be filled, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent sealing of the second filler, and ensuring the structural integrity of the overall filling of the groove.

[0064] In one embodiment, the second preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 10 mPa·s and less than or equal to 300 mPa·s. Optionally, the second preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 20 mPa·s and less than or equal to 200 mPa·s.

[0065] Thus, by limiting the second preset viscosity within the aforementioned range, it possesses both suitable viscosity and formability, enabling the second filler to stably cover the first filler and the preset area at the edge of the trough to be filled, forming a continuous and dense sealing structure that effectively blocks the migration channels of water vapor and ions. At the same time, it avoids the situation where excessively high viscosity leads to poor filler flowability and difficulty in uniform spreading, or excessively low viscosity easily overflows and contaminates the power generation area, failing to form an effective barrier. Furthermore, this viscosity range ensures that the filler is precisely shaped at the trough opening, improving the controllability and consistency of the trough edge sealing, and guaranteeing the overall sealing and protective effect of the filling.

[0066] In one embodiment, the first filler includes at least one of UV-curable resin, epoxy, siloxane, and inorganic-organic hybrid sol.

[0067] In one embodiment, the first filler may include a conductive material or an insulating material.

[0068] In one embodiment, the second filler includes at least one of UV-curable resin, epoxy, siloxane, and inorganic-organic hybrid sol.

[0069] In one embodiment, the second filler may include a conductive material or an insulating material.

[0070] When the wire trough to be filled is a P1 or P3 wire trough, both the first and second fillers are insulating materials. When the wire trough to be filled is a P2 wire trough, both the first and second fillers are conductive materials.

[0071] See Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, before filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0072] S100a: Acquire image information of the groove to be filled.

[0073] Specifically, visual acquisition devices such as scanning equipment and cameras can be used to acquire image information of the groove to be filled.

[0074] S100b: Extract feature information of the groove to be filled based on image information, wherein the feature information includes at least one of the center line, boundary and end of the groove to be filled;

[0075] S100c: Generate filling paths corresponding to the first and second fillers based on feature information.

[0076] In the above process, before filling, images of the groove to be filled are acquired and feature information such as the center line, boundary, and ends are extracted. Based on this, a filling path adapted to the dual fillers is generated. In this way, the groove to be filled can be accurately positioned visually, and the filling path can be highly matched with the groove body and the preset edge area. This ensures from the source that the first and second fillers can be accurately deposited in the groove and the edge area of ​​the groove to be filled, respectively. This effectively avoids the problem of fillers deviating from the groove and overflowing and polluting the power generation area. At the same time, it improves the consistency of groove filling, which is conducive to improving the yield and long-term reliability of perovskite solar cell modules.

[0077] In one embodiment, the method further includes, during the process of filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0078] The filling path is corrected in real time based on the positioning marks and / or feature information of the grooves to be filled on the perovskite solar cell module.

[0079] During the filler filling process, the filling path is corrected in real time based on the component positioning marks and / or the characteristic information of the slot, which can form a dynamic positioning closed-loop control. This effectively compensates for problems such as component transmission offset and equipment positioning error, and always ensures that the filling path is accurately matched with the slot and the preset edge area. This avoids problems such as filler deviation, end-point sealing failure, and uneven filling of long slots caused by dynamic deviations in the production line. It further improves the alignment accuracy and overall consistency of the step-by-step filling of dual fillers, and ensures that the filler is deposited only in the target area during the process, preventing overflow and contamination of the power generation area. This ensures the sealing effect of the slot filling process and is conducive to improving the yield and long-term reliability of perovskite battery modules.

[0080] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 4 As shown, after filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0081] S300. The first and second fillers are cured in stages, with the curing temperature increasing gradually.

[0082] Thus, by using a phased curing process with progressively increasing curing temperatures for the first and second fillers, initial shaping is achieved at a lower temperature, which quickly fixes the filler's form and prevents it from spreading or overflowing due to incomplete curing, ensuring the accuracy of the filler structure in the pre-defined areas inside and at the edges of the groove. Subsequent gradual temperature increases complete deep curing, which significantly improves the cross-linking degree and density of the filler, enhances the adhesion between the filler and the groove wall and between each film layer, making the filler structure more stable. At the same time, it improves its performance in blocking water vapor and resisting ion migration, ensuring the long-term protective effect of the groove filling and meeting the long-term reliability requirements of perovskite solar cell modules.

[0083] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, in S300, the first filler and the second filler undergo a multi-stage curing process, including:

[0084] S310. The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a first preset temperature for a first preset time for a first preset time.

[0085] S320. The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a second curing treatment at a second preset temperature and the curing time is continued for a second preset duration; the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature and the second preset duration is greater than the first preset duration.

[0086] Thus, by employing a two-stage stepped curing process, the first stage uses a lower, pre-set temperature for a short time to quickly allow the filler to initially take shape, preventing incompletely formed filler from spreading or overflowing. This precisely maintains the filler structure within the pre-set areas of the cable tray and prevents deformation of the second filler. The subsequent stage uses a higher, pre-set temperature for a longer, deeper curing process, which significantly improves the cross-linking degree and density of the filler, strengthens the interfacial adhesion between the filler and the cable tray wall and the module membrane, making the filler structure more stable. This greatly enhances its performance in blocking water vapor and resisting ion migration, ensuring the long-term sealing and protection effect of the cable tray filling, and meeting the long-term reliability requirements of perovskite modules.

[0087] Understandably, both the first and second curing treatments can employ at least one of ultraviolet curing, thermal curing, infrared curing, or natural evaporation curing.

[0088] In one embodiment, the first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 50°C and less than or equal to 80°C, and the first preset duration is greater than or equal to 30s and less than or equal to 90s.

[0089] Thus, by limiting the first curing temperature to 50℃~80℃ and the duration to 30s~90s, rapid initial shaping of the filler can be achieved, ensuring that the first and second fillers maintain a stable filling shape within the pre-defined areas inside the groove and at the edges, preventing spillage, overflow, or deformation. This also prevents excessive temperature or duration from causing premature over-crosslinking of the filler, generating internal stress, or causing thermal damage to the surrounding film layer of the perovskite module. Furthermore, the mild curing conditions allow for crosslinking space during subsequent deep curing, ensuring the overall curing process effect and the safety of the module film layer.

[0090] In one embodiment, the second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 100°C and less than or equal to 120°C; the second preset duration is greater than or equal to 150s and less than or equal to 300s.

[0091] Thus, by limiting the second curing temperature to 100℃~120℃ and the duration to 150s~300s, deep cross-linking of the filler can be achieved on the basis of the initial curing and shaping, significantly improving the filler density and structural strength, strengthening the interfacial adhesion between the filler and the slot wall and the module film, making the filler structure more stable, and significantly improving the ability to block water vapor and resist ion migration. In addition, this temperature range can avoid the thermal damage threshold of the perovskite module film, ensuring sufficient curing while avoiding the failure of the module film caused by high temperature and long-term curing, achieving a balance between sealing and protection effects and module performance, ensuring the long-term reliability of slot filling, and thus ensuring the long-term reliability of perovskite battery modules.

[0092] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 6 As shown, after the first and second fillers undergo staged curing treatment, the method further includes:

[0093] S400. Inspect the groove to be filled; if a defective area and / or overflow area is detected in the groove to be filled, add a second filler to the defective area, and / or remove the first filler and / or the second filler located in the overflow area.

[0094] Specifically, visual imaging, scanning imaging, contour measurement, insulation resistance testing, electroluminescence imaging, and other methods can be used to inspect the groove to be filled; after filling the defective area with a second filler, the second filler can be cured.

[0095] Thus, by inspecting and addressing the cable trays after curing, defective areas and filler overflow issues can be identified promptly. Filling defective areas with a second filler ensures complete coverage of the cable tray seal, eliminating potential leaks and breaks, and enhancing the sealing effect against moisture and ion migration. Removing the overflowing filler prevents the first and / or second fillers from causing optical obstruction or electrical failure in the module's power generation area, ensuring module power generation performance. Furthermore, this step forms a closed-loop control of the filling process, significantly improving the yield and consistency of cable tray filling, completely resolving the industry pain point of long cable trays and easy end leaks, ensuring that the cable tray filling quality meets the long-term reliability requirements of perovskite solar cell modules.

[0096] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, before filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes:

[0097] S100e, Perform a first pretreatment on the preset area of ​​the groove to be filled and the edge of the groove to be filled to remove debris and redeposit;

[0098] Specifically, the first pretreatment includes gas purging and / or vacuum adsorption to remove debris and redeposit from the pre-defined areas of the groove to be filled and the edges of the groove.

[0099] S100f, Perform a second pretreatment on the preset area of ​​the groove to be filled and the edge of the groove to be filled, so that the contact angle between the groove to be filled and the preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled and the first filler and the second filler is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 60°.

[0100] Specifically, the second pretreatment includes plasma treatment, ultraviolet ozone treatment, or solution treatment. The power of plasma treatment is 5-100W and the treatment time is 5-60s. The duration of ultraviolet ozone treatment is 5-30min. Solution treatment involves rinsing or pre-dripping with a fast-volatile solvent. After solution treatment, the groove to be filled and the preset area at the edge of the groove to be filled need to be dried.

[0101] Thus, the first pretreatment effectively removes debris and redeposit from the groove and its edges, eliminating filling obstacles and ensuring effective contact between the filler and the groove, thereby improving interfacial bonding. The second pretreatment precisely controls the contact angle to 5°–60°, giving the groove and its edge areas good hydrophilicity, allowing the first and second fillers to be fully wetted and evenly spread in the corresponding areas. This ensures that the low-viscosity first filler penetrates deep into the microcracks of the groove, while allowing the high-viscosity second filler to be stably formed into an edge-sealing structure. At the same time, it avoids the filler from agglomerating or being missed due to poor hydrophilicity, thus improving the overall filling effect.

[0102] It should be noted that, except for the pre-defined area of ​​the groove to be filled and its edge, the contact angle of the perovskite solar cell module is greater than or equal to 70°. In other words, the contact angle of the power generation area of ​​the perovskite solar cell module is greater than or equal to 70°. This ensures that the power generation area remains liquid-repellent, thereby prompting the first and second fillers to preferentially enter the pre-defined area of ​​the groove to be filled and its edge, and suppressing the overflow of the first and second fillers to contaminate the power generation area. This improves the overall filling reliability, avoids the first and / or second fillers from causing optical obstruction and electrical failure in the power generation area of ​​the module, and ensures the power generation performance of the module.

[0103] In one embodiment, in step S200, filling the groove to be filled with a second filler having a second preset viscosity includes:

[0104] A second filler with a second preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the amount of the second filler at the two ends of the groove along the extension direction is greater than the amount of the second filler in the area of ​​the groove other than the ends.

[0105] In other words, by increasing the amount of the second filler at both ends of the groove to be filled along its extension direction, a thicker and denser sealing structure can be formed at the ends of the groove, completely blocking the channels for water vapor and ion migration at the ends and preventing the ends from becoming potential points for leakage and short circuits. At the same time, sufficient filler can fill the filling gaps at the ends caused by process deviations, improve the connection between the ends and the filler in other areas of the groove, ensure the integrity and consistency of the overall seal of the groove, strengthen the protection effect of the entire groove, and ensure that the filling quality of the groove meets the long-term reliability requirements of perovskite solar cell modules.

[0106] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0107] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module, characterized in that, include: A first filler having a first preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the first filler covers the bottom and at least part of the sidewalls of the groove to be filled; A second filler with a second preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the second filler covers the first filler and a preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled; The second preset viscosity is greater than the first preset viscosity.

2. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 2 mPa·s and less than or equal to 50 mPa·s; and / or, The second preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 10 mPa·s and less than or equal to 300 mPa·s.

3. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes: Acquire image information of the groove to be filled; Based on the image information, feature information of the groove to be filled is extracted, and the feature information includes at least one of the center line, boundary and end of the groove to be filled; Based on the feature information, a filling path corresponding to the first filler and the second filler is generated.

4. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the process of filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes: The filling path is corrected in real time based on the positioning marks on the perovskite solar cell assembly and / or the feature information of the groove to be filled.

5. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, After filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes: The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a multi-stage curing process, with the curing temperature increasing gradually for each stage.

6. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of performing a multi-stage curing process on the first filler and the second filler includes: The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a first curing treatment at a first preset temperature for a first preset duration; The first filler and the second filler are subjected to a second curing treatment at a second preset temperature for a second preset duration; the second preset temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, and the second preset duration is greater than the first preset duration.

7. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first preset temperature is greater than or equal to 50°C and less than or equal to 80°C; the first preset duration is greater than or equal to 30s and less than or equal to 90s; and / or, The second preset temperature is greater than or equal to 100℃ and less than or equal to 120℃; the second preset duration is greater than or equal to 150s and less than or equal to 300s.

8. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 5, characterized in that, After performing a multi-stage curing process on the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes: The groove to be filled is inspected; If a defective area and / or overflow area is detected in the groove to be filled, the second filler is added to the defective area, and / or, Remove the first packing and / or the second packing located within the overflow area.

9. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before filling the groove to be filled with the first filler and the second filler, the method further includes: A first pretreatment is performed on the groove to be filled and a predetermined area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled to remove debris and redeposit. A second preprocessing is performed on the groove to be filled and the preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled, so that the contact angle between the groove to be filled and the preset area of ​​the edge of the groove to be filled and the first filler and the second filler is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 60°.

10. The method for filling the grooves of a perovskite solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of filling the groove to be filled with a second filler having a second preset viscosity includes: A second filler with a second preset viscosity is filled into the groove to be filled, such that the amount of the second filler at the two ends of the groove along the extension direction is greater than the amount of the second filler in the area of ​​the groove other than the ends.

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