An adaptive multi-direction tuned mass damper and a working method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical fields of civil engineering and machinery, and discloses a self-adaptive multi-direction tuned mass damper and a working method thereof. In the horizontal direction, the self-adaptive multi-direction tuned mass damper realizes the adjustment of the horizontal frequency and the damping ratio by adjusting the effective swing length of a suspender and the length of a high-damping impact head from a U-shaped mass block; in the vertical direction, the self-adaptive multi-direction tuned mass damper realizes the adjustment of the vertical damping force and the vertical stiffness by the interaction of a roller and a trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer and the adjustment of the angle of a spring and an upper suspension steel plate. Compared with a traditional tuned mass damper, the self-adaptive multi-direction tuned mass damper has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption and low cost, and can realize multi-directional vibration reduction and decoupling, adjustable self-vibration frequency, self-adjusting damping ratio and other functions, and overall improves the effect of the tuned mass damper in the vibration suppression of civil engineering structure dynamic multi-disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of civil engineering and mechanical engineering, and in particular to an adaptive multidirectional tuned mass damper and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Under the influence of dynamic disasters such as earthquakes, strong winds, collisions, and surges, large-span and tall civil engineering structures are highly susceptible to excessive vibrations, affecting their safety and functionality and threatening people's lives and property. Therefore, tuned mass dampers, with their high vibration reduction efficiency, simple mechanical structure, and clear working principle, are widely used in vibration control of civil engineering structures to enhance their resilience against dynamic disasters.

[0003] However, current tuned mass dampers are mostly designed for single dynamic disaster scenarios, while long-span, tall civil engineering structures face the potential threat of multiple dynamic disasters during their service life. For example, long-span, tall buildings or structures are subject to multiple disasters such as earthquake-strong wind, earthquake-vehicle collision, and earthquake-human-induced vibration; long-span bridges are subject to multiple disasters such as strong wind-wave, ship collision-wave, strong wind-ship collision-wave, and earthquake-strong wind. Under the influence of these multiple dynamic disasters, civil engineering structures exhibit complex vibrations with multi-directional, wide-frequency, and variable intensity, significantly increasing the technical difficulty of vibration control for civil engineering structures. Traditional tuned mass dampers have disadvantages such as multi-directional vibration reduction coupling, narrow control bandwidth, sensitivity of control effect to tuning parameters, and difficulty in controlling motion stroke, which severely limit the effectiveness of tuned mass dampers in suppressing multiple dynamic disasters in civil engineering structures.

[0004] To meet the need for suppressing complex vibrations in civil engineering structures under dynamic and hazardous scenarios, tuned mass dampers need to possess characteristics such as multi-directional vibration reduction and decoupling, adjustable natural frequency, and autonomous adjustment of damping ratio with changes in motion stroke. Furthermore, the technology for achieving these characteristics should be simple to implement, energy-efficient, and low-cost. Therefore, this invention, which presents an adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper and its operating method, is necessary and has broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Objective: To suppress complex vibrations of civil engineering structures under dynamic and hazardous conditions, this invention provides an adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper and its operating method. In the horizontal direction, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper adjusts its horizontal frequency and damping ratio by adjusting the effective swing length of the boom and the distance between the high-damping impact head and the U-shaped mass block. In the vertical direction, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper adjusts its vertical damping force and vertical stiffness through the interaction between the roller and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer, and by adjusting the angle between the spring and the upper suspended steel plate.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper, comprising: a bottom mounting steel plate, an upper suspension steel plate, and a working cylinder located between the two; the working cylinder comprises six thick steel plates, of which four are arranged longitudinally and the remaining two are arranged laterally; the four longitudinally arranged thick steel plates separate the working cylinder into three chambers; U-shaped mass blocks are arranged inside the chambers on both sides; one end of the suspension rod is hinged to the upper suspension steel plate, and the other end of the suspension rod is bolted to the U-shaped mass blocks; high-damping collision heads are provided on both sides of the lower part of the U-shaped mass blocks; The suspension spring and rolling damper are arranged inside the central chamber; the two ends of the suspension spring are connected to the bottom mounting steel plate and the upper suspension steel plate, respectively; the rolling damper consists of two longitudinal thin steel plates, two transverse thin steel plates and a piston steel plate; the piston steel plate is arranged longitudinally between the two longitudinal thin steel plates; one end of the piston steel plate is bolted to the upper suspension steel plate, and the piston steel plate vertically penetrates the two transverse thin steel plates; the other end of the piston steel plate is connected to the piston top plate; A sliding mechanism is provided on the upper outer surface of the two middle longitudinal thick steel plates, and the sliding mechanism is obliquely connected to the upper suspended steel plate by an adjusting spring.

[0007] The lifting rod is a threaded rod, which extends out from both ends of the U-shaped mass block and is fixed by tightening nuts.

[0008] The high-damping impact head is composed of a steel rod and a viscoelastic damping ball vulcanized under high temperature and pressure; the steel rod is a threaded rod, with one end of the steel rod extending into the U-shaped mass block and being tightened and fixed by a nut.

[0009] The width of the opening between the two transverse thin steel plates is greater than the thickness of the piston steel plate.

[0010] Two longitudinal thin steel plates are arranged from top to bottom on the side near the piston steel plate as a trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer, a smooth steel plate, and another trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer; rollers are arranged on both sides of the middle part of the piston steel plate, and the initial position of the rollers corresponds to the smooth steel plate; a viscoelastic material layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower transverse thin steel plate, and a viscoelastic material layer is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom mounting steel plate at the position opposite to the transverse thin steel plate.

[0011] The trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer is bonded to the longitudinal thin steel plate through high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization. The top of the trapezoidal surface of the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer is close to the smooth steel plate.

[0012] The piston top plate is a rectangular steel plate.

[0013] The smooth steel plate is a thin steel plate coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0014] The sliding mechanism consists of a slide groove, a slider, and a nut. The outer side of the slider is connected to one end of an adjusting spring, and the slider is fixed to the longitudinal thick steel plate by the nut. The other end of the adjusting spring is connected to the upper suspended steel plate.

[0015] An adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper is disclosed, comprising a fixed steel plate at the bottom and a freely movable suspended steel plate at the top. When the structure experiences horizontal vibration, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper enters a horizontal vibration reduction state. The boom drives a U-shaped mass block to swing horizontally, absorbing the horizontal vibration energy from the structure. When the boom's swing amplitude reaches a preset limit, a high-damping collision head located at the bottom of the U-shaped mass block collides with the longitudinal thick steel plate, dissipating the horizontal vibration energy and achieving horizontal vibration suppression. By rotating the nuts at both ends of the U-shaped mass block on the boom, the effective swing length of the boom is adjusted, thereby regulating the horizontal frequency of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper. By changing the length of the steel rod in the high-damping collision head screwed into the U-shaped mass block and tightening the nuts, the distance between the viscoelastic damping ball and the longitudinal thick steel plate is adjusted, thereby regulating the horizontal damping ratio of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper. When the structure vibrates vertically, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper enters the vertical damping state. The suspension spring and adjusting spring deform and drive the U-shaped mass block to vibrate vertically through the upper suspension steel plate, absorbing the vertical vibration energy from the structure. In the initial stage of the vertical damping state, the roller in the rolling damper slides in the smooth steel plate, realizing the rapid start-up of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper. When the roller of the rolling damper enters the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer, the interaction between the roller and the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer generates rolling damping force to dissipate the vertical vibration energy. As the rolling stroke increases, the rolling damping force gradually compresses the resistance, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the damping force. By changing the position of the slider in the sliding mechanism in the groove and tightening the nut, the angle between the adjusting spring and the upper suspension steel plate is adjusted, realizing the adjustment of the vertical stiffness of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Compared with traditional tuned mass dampers, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper of this invention has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, and low cost. It can also realize functions such as multi-directional vibration reduction decoupling, adjustable natural frequency, and autonomous adjustment of damping ratio, thus improving the overall effect of tuned mass dampers in suppressing dynamic multi-hazard vibrations in civil engineering structures. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper; The components include: 1. Bottom mounting steel plate; 2. Upper hanging steel plate; 3. Longitudinal thick steel plate; 4. Hanging rod; 5. U-shaped mass block; 6. High-damping collision head; 7. Suspension spring; 8. Adjusting spring; 9. Sliding mechanism; 10. Piston steel plate; 101. Transverse thin steel plate a; 102. Transverse thin steel plate b; 103. Longitudinal thin steel plate; 104. Piston top plate; 105. Roller; 106. Smooth steel plate; 107. Trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer; 108. Viscoelastic material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper of the present invention includes a bottom mounting steel plate 1, an upper suspended steel plate 2, and a working cylinder located between the two. The working cylinder is composed of four longitudinal thick steel plates 3 and two transverse thick steel plates. The four longitudinal thick steel plates 3 separate the working cylinder into three chambers. The longitudinal thick steel plates are arranged longitudinally, and the transverse thick steel plates are arranged transversely. U-shaped mass blocks 5 are arranged inside each of the two side chambers. The lower end of the U-shaped mass blocks 5 is connected to the lower end of the suspension rod 4 by bolts. The upper end of the suspension rod 4 is connected to the upper suspended steel plate 2 by hinge. High-damping collision heads 6 are provided on both sides of the lower part of the U-shaped mass blocks 5.

[0020] The intermediate chamber is equipped with a suspension spring 7 and a rolling damper. The two ends of the suspension spring 7 are connected to the bottom mounting steel plate 1 and the upper suspension steel plate 2, respectively. The rolling damper consists of two longitudinal thin steel plates 103, two transverse thin steel plates, and a piston steel plate 10. The upper end of the piston steel plate 10 is connected to the upper suspension steel plate 2 by bolts and passes vertically through the two transverse thin steel plates. The two transverse thin steel plates are the upper transverse thin steel plate a101 and the lower transverse thin steel plate b102, respectively. The two longitudinal thin steel plates 103 are arranged from top to bottom along the side of the piston steel plate 10, with a trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer 107, a smooth steel plate 106, and a trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer 107. Rollers 105 are arranged on both sides of the middle of the piston steel plate 10. The bottom surface of the lower transverse thin steel plate b102 is equipped with a viscoelastic material layer. The upper surface of the bottom mounting steel plate 1 is equipped with a viscoelastic material layer 108.

[0021] A sliding mechanism 9 is provided on the upper outer surface of the two longitudinal thick steel plates 3 in the middle. The sliding mechanism 9 is obliquely connected to the upper suspended steel plate 2 through an adjusting spring 8.

[0022] The horizontal frequency of the tuned mass damper can be adjusted by changing the length of the rod 4 extending from the bottom of the U-shaped mass block 5, thereby altering its effective swing length.

[0023] The horizontal damping ratio of the tuned mass damper can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the high-damping impact head 6 and the longitudinal thick steel plate 3.

[0024] The width of the opening between the upper horizontal thin steel plate a101 and the lower horizontal thin steel plate b102 is greater than the thickness of the piston steel plate 10. This prevents the piston steel plate 10 from colliding or rubbing against the two horizontal thin steel plates during vertical movement, thus hindering the rolling damper from playing its vertical vibration reduction role.

[0025] The trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer 107 is bonded to the longitudinal thin steel plate 103 through high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization. When the structure vibrates vertically, the upper suspended steel plate 2 drives the piston steel plate 10 in the rolling damper, which in turn drives the roller 105 to slide in the smooth steel plate 106. The minimal friction between the roller 105 and the smooth steel plate 106 ensures the rapid start-up of the tuned mass damper. When the roller 105 enters the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer 107, the interaction between the two generates a rolling damping force and dissipates the vertical vibration energy. As the rolling stroke increases, the rolling damping force gradually changes, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the damping force.

[0026] The smooth steel plate 106 is a thin steel plate coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, which reduces the friction between it and the roller 105 and prevents excessive friction on the contact surface between the two, which would be detrimental to the rapid start-up of the tuned mass damper during vertical vibration reduction.

[0027] The sliding mechanism consists of a slide groove, a slider, and a nut, and is located on the upper outer surface of the two longitudinal thick steel plates 3 in the middle. One end of the slider is connected to the adjusting spring 8, and the inner side of the slider is tightened and fixed to the longitudinal thick steel plate 3 by the nut.

[0028] The vertical stiffness of the tuned mass damper can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the adjusting spring 8 and the upper suspension steel plate 2.

[0029] The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper proposed in this invention can realize functions such as multi-directional vibration reduction and decoupling, adjustable natural frequency, and autonomous adjustment of damping ratio, thereby improving the effectiveness of tuned mass dampers in suppressing dynamic multiple disasters in civil engineering structures and enhancing the safety and functionality of civil engineering structures under the influence of multiple disasters.

[0030] The specific operation method of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper is as follows: When the structure vibrates horizontally, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper enters the horizontal vibration reduction state. The hanger 4 drives the U-shaped mass block 5 to swing horizontally, absorbing the horizontal vibration energy from the structure. When the swing amplitude of the hanger 4 reaches the preset limit, the high-damping collision head 6 arranged at the lower part of the U-shaped mass block 5 collides with the longitudinal thick steel plate 3 to dissipate the horizontal vibration energy, thus achieving the purpose of horizontal vibration suppression. By rotating the nuts located at both ends of the U-shaped mass block 5 on the hanger 4, the effective swing length of the hanger 4 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the horizontal frequency of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper. By changing the length of the steel bar in the high-damping collision head 6 screwed into the U-shaped mass block 5 and tightening the nuts, the distance between the viscoelastic damping ball and the longitudinal thick steel plate 3 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the horizontal damping ratio of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper.

[0031] When the structure vibrates vertically, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper enters the vertical vibration reduction state. The suspension spring 7 and the adjusting spring 8 deform and drive the U-shaped mass block 5 to vibrate vertically through the upper suspension steel plate 2, absorbing the vertical vibration energy from the structure. In the initial stage of the vertical vibration reduction state, the roller 105 in the rolling damper slides in the smooth steel plate 106, and the minimal friction generated enables the rapid start-up of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper. When the roller 105 of the rolling damper enters the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer 107, the roller 105 interacts with the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer 107 to generate rolling damping force to dissipate the vertical vibration energy. As the rolling stroke increases, the rolling damping force gradually changes, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the damping force. By changing the position of the slider in the sliding mechanism in the groove and tightening the nut, the angle between the adjusting spring 8 and the upper suspension steel plate 2 is adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the vertical stiffness of the tuned mass damper.

[0032] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. For those skilled in the art, various modifications or variations can be made based on the above embodiments. It is neither possible nor necessary to exhaustively describe all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper, characterized in that, include: A bottom-mounted steel plate (1), an upper-suspended steel plate (2), and a working cylinder located between the two are provided; the working cylinder comprises six thick steel plates, four of which are arranged longitudinally and the remaining two are arranged laterally; the four longitudinally arranged thick steel plates divide the working cylinder into three chambers; U-shaped mass blocks (5) are arranged inside the chambers on both sides; one end of the hanging rod (4) is hinged to the upper hanging steel plate (2), and the other end of the hanging rod (4) is bolted to the U-shaped mass block (5); high-damping collision heads (6) are provided on both sides of the lower part of the U-shaped mass block (5). A suspension spring (7) and a rolling damper are arranged inside the middle chamber; the two ends of the suspension spring (7) are respectively connected to the bottom mounting steel plate (1) and the upper suspension steel plate (2); the rolling damper consists of two longitudinal thin steel plates (103), two transverse thin steel plates and a piston steel plate (10); the piston steel plate (10) is arranged longitudinally between the two longitudinal thin steel plates (103); one end of the piston steel plate (10) is bolted to the upper suspension steel plate (2), and the piston steel plate (10) vertically penetrates the two transverse thin steel plates; the other end of the piston steel plate (10) is connected to the piston top plate (104). A sliding mechanism (9) is provided on the upper outer surface of the two middle longitudinal thick steel plates (3), and the sliding mechanism (9) is obliquely connected to the upper suspended steel plate (2) by an adjusting spring (8).

2. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting rod (4) is a threaded rod, which extends out of both ends of the U-shaped mass block (5) and is fixed by tightening nuts.

3. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-damping impact head (6) is composed of a steel rod and a viscoelastic damping ball vulcanized under high temperature and pressure; the steel rod is a threaded rod, one end of which extends into the U-shaped mass block (5) and is fixed by tightening with a nut.

4. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the opening between the two transverse thin steel plates is greater than the thickness of the piston steel plate (10).

5. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two longitudinal thin steel plates are arranged from top to bottom in the following order: a trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer (107), a smooth steel plate (106), and a trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer (107); rollers (105) are arranged on both sides of the middle part of the piston steel plate (10), and the initial position of the rollers (105) corresponds to the smooth steel plate (106); a viscoelastic material layer (108) is arranged on the bottom surface of the transverse thin steel plate below, and a viscoelastic material layer (108) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom mounting steel plate (1) at the position opposite to the transverse thin steel plate.

6. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, The trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer (107) and the longitudinal thin steel plate (103) are bonded together by high temperature and high pressure vulcanization; the bottom of the trapezoidal surface of the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer (107) is close to the smooth steel plate (106).

7. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, The piston top plate (104) is a rectangular steel plate.

8. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 5, characterized in that, The smooth steel plate (106) is a thin steel plate coated with polytetrafluoroethylene.

9. The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding mechanism (9) consists of a slide groove, a slider, and a nut. The outer side of the slider is connected to one end of the adjusting spring (8), and the slider is fixed to the longitudinal thick steel plate (3) by the nut. The other end of the adjusting spring (8) is connected to the upper suspended steel plate (2).

10. A method for operating an adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper, characterized in that, The adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is employed. When the structure vibrates horizontally, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper enters the horizontal vibration reduction state. The boom (4) drives the U-shaped mass block (5) to swing horizontally, absorbing the horizontal vibration energy from the structure. When the swing amplitude of the boom (4) reaches the preset limit, the high-damping collision head arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped mass block (5) collides with the longitudinal thick steel plate (3) to dissipate the horizontal vibration energy, thus achieving horizontal vibration suppression. By rotating the nuts on the boom (4) located at both ends of the U-shaped mass block (5), the effective swing length of the boom is adjusted, and the horizontal frequency of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper is adjusted. By changing the length of the steel bar in the high-damping collision head screwed into the U-shaped mass block (5) and tightening the nuts, the distance between the viscoelastic damping ball and the longitudinal thick steel plate (3) is adjusted, and the horizontal damping ratio of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper is adjusted. When the structure vibrates vertically, the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper enters the vertical vibration reduction state. The suspension spring (7) and the adjusting spring (8) deform and drive the U-shaped mass block (5) to vibrate vertically through the upper suspension steel plate (2), absorbing the vertical vibration energy from the structure. In the initial stage of the vertical vibration reduction state, the roller (105) in the rolling damper slides in the smooth steel plate (106), realizing the rapid start-up of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper. When the roller (105) of the rolling damper slides in the smooth steel plate (106), the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper is activated. 5) When entering the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer (107), the roller (105) interacts with the trapezoidal viscoelastic material layer (107) to generate rolling damping force to dissipate vertical vibration energy. As the rolling stroke increases, the rolling damping force gradually compresses the resistance and transforms, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the damping force. By changing the position of the slider in the sliding mechanism (9) in the groove and tightening the nut, the angle between the adjusting spring (8) and the upper suspension steel plate (2) is adjusted to realize the adjustment of the vertical stiffness of the adaptive multi-directional tuned mass damper.

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