Hydraulic turbine runner blade and hydraulic turbine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water turbines, and discloses a water turbine runner blade and a water turbine, which comprise an assembling mechanism and an assembling plate, the assembling plate is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the assembling mechanism, the outer portion of the assembling plate is provided with a main shaft, the assembling mechanism comprises a hollow column, sliding plates are slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of the hollow column, the outer portion of each sliding plate is provided with a top plate, the top plates are connected with the assembling plate, elastic plates are arranged between the two groups of top plates, an air pump is arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow column, and the air inlet end of the air pump is in communication with the hollow column. The water turbine runner blade and the water turbine optimize the water flow state in the volute inner cavity, reduce energy loss caused by water flow disorder, further improve the overall operation stability and the anti-abrasion effect of the water turbine, adapt to the operation environment with high sand content in the Tuoshigang River basin, reduce part abrasion damage, reduce the maintenance frequency and cost, and guarantee long-term safe and stable operation of the unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water turbine technology, specifically to a water turbine runner blade and a water turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Turbine runner blades are the core components of hydro-generator sets and are widely used in the field of hydropower generation, especially in hydropower stations with specific hydrological environments such as the Toshkan River Basin. Their performance directly affects the unit's output efficiency, operational stability, and service life, and is the key to ensuring the safe and continuous power generation of hydropower stations.

[0003] While existing turbine runner blades and turbines possess blade angle adjustment capabilities, the adjustment methods are relatively traditional. They struggle to accurately adapt to real-time changes in water flow velocity within the volute, failing to achieve automated and intelligent angle adjustment. This results in poor water flow efficiency and difficulty in maintaining stable unit output and operating efficiency. Furthermore, existing adjustment structures, while providing space for blade angle adjustment, lack smoothness during movement and resetting, affecting adjustment accuracy. The design of the triangular area at the blade's outlet edge lacks an effective stress dispersion structure, leading to significant stress concentration. This makes the blades prone to cracking under water flow impact and provides limited abrasion resistance, resulting in a short blade lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a turbine runner blade and a turbine, which solves the technical problems of the lack of an effective stress dispersion structure in the design of the triangular area at the water outlet of the blade, the obvious stress concentration phenomenon, the susceptibility to cracking under the impact of water flow, and the limited resistance to abrasion, resulting in a short service life of the blade.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a turbine runner blade, comprising: an assembly mechanism and an assembly plate, wherein the assembly plate is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the assembly mechanism, a main shaft is disposed on the outside of the assembly plate, the assembly mechanism includes a hollow column, a sliding plate is slidably connected to both the upper and lower ends of the hollow column, a top plate is disposed on the outside of the sliding plate, the top plate is connected to the assembly plate, an elastic plate is disposed between the two sets of top plates, and an air pump is disposed in the inner cavity of the hollow column, the air inlet end of the air pump being connected to the hollow column; When the water flow velocity inside the volute changes, the output module outside the volute monitors the change in flow velocity in real time and transmits the signal to the control module. After receiving the signal, the control module starts the air pump and injects gas into the hollow column cavity. The gas pressure pushes the slide plate to move the top plate, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the distance between the two sets of top plates, providing sufficient space for the angle adjustment of the blade assembly. At the same time, in conjunction with the elastic deformation characteristics of the elastic plate, the stability and reset capability of the top plate movement process are ensured. The hollow column cavity is equipped with a control module. The control end of the control module is evenly equipped with motors. The output end of the motor is connected to an output shaft. The output shaft is connected to the blade assembly. When the control module is started, it can accurately control the operation of the motor according to the flow velocity signal transmitted by the output module. The output shaft drives the blade assembly to change the angle, so that the blade assembly can adapt to different water flow velocities inside the volute cavity, optimize the water flow efficiency, and improve the operating stability and output performance of the turbine. The blade assembly is evenly arranged between the two sets of top plates, and stress-reducing triangular blocks are opened on the outside of the blade assembly. The stress-reducing triangular block is set at the intersection of the water outlet edge and the lower ring of the blade assembly, extending parallel to the water inlet direction and transitioning along the water outlet edge direction with a slope of no more than 5%. This stress-reducing triangular block can effectively reduce the stress concentration in the triangular area of ​​the water outlet edge of the blade assembly. Combined with the angle adjustment function of the blade assembly, it further reduces the risk of cracks caused by water flow impact, improves the wear resistance and structural strength of the blade assembly, and extends the service life. The output shaft is externally sleeved with a chuck. The chuck has evenly spaced slots on its exterior, and a cylinder is installed inside the hollow column. The output end of the cylinder is adapted to the slots. Before the blade assembly angle is adjusted, activating the cylinder releases the restriction of its output end on the chuck slots, ensuring that the output shaft can smoothly drive the blade assembly to rotate. After the angle adjustment is completed, the cylinder output end returns to its original position and engages in the slots, achieving reliable positioning of the chuck and output shaft, preventing the blade assembly from shifting angles during operation, and ensuring the safety and stability of the turbine operation.

[0006] Preferably, a sealed bearing is provided at the junction of the output shaft and the hollow column, and a reinforcing rib is provided on the outside of the output shaft. The sealed bearing can effectively prevent gas leakage in the hollow column cavity and the entry of external water vapor, ensuring the working efficiency of the air pump and the protection effect of the internal components. The reinforcing rib can improve the structural strength of the output shaft, cope with the torque and stress generated by the adjustment of the blade group angle and the impact of water flow, and avoid deformation or damage to the output shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the assembly plate is provided with a main shaft at both the upper and lower ends, and a bearing is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft. The bearing can reduce the frictional resistance during the rotation of the main shaft, improve the smoothness of the main shaft operation, and, together with the angle adjustment function of the blade assembly, make the overall operation of the turbine more efficient and reduce energy consumption.

[0008] Preferably, a rubber pad is provided at one end of the top plate near the blade assembly, and a reinforcing plate is provided on the outside of the top plate. The rubber pad can flexibly limit the blade assembly after the top plate returns to its original position, avoiding rigid contact that could cause wear on the surface of the blade assembly, and also playing a role in buffering and shock absorption. The reinforcing plate can enhance the structural rigidity of the top plate, ensuring that it does not deform when limiting the blade assembly, thus ensuring the reliability of the limiting.

[0009] Preferably, the two ends of the elastic plate are detachably connected to the two sets of top plates by bolts or clips, and the outer surface of the elastic plate is covered with a wear-resistant protective layer. The detachable connection method facilitates the inspection and replacement of the elastic plate and reduces maintenance costs. The wear-resistant protective layer can improve the wear and corrosion resistance of the elastic plate, adapt to the working environment inside the turbine, extend the service life of the elastic plate, and ensure that it provides stable elastic support for the top plate for a long time.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the chuck slot is provided with anti-slip protrusions, the output end of the cylinder is in contact with the inner wall of the slot, and the outer wall of the hollow column is provided with heat dissipation fins. The heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed along the length of the hollow column. The anti-slip protrusions can increase the friction between the cylinder output end and the inner wall of the slot, improve the chuck's limiting stability, and prevent slippage during operation. The heat dissipation fins can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the air pump, motor, and other components inside the hollow column during operation, avoiding high temperature affecting the performance and service life of the components, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the assembly mechanism.

[0011] A water turbine, including the aforementioned water turbine runner blades, comprises: a volute and a water inlet, the water inlet being connected to the outside of the volute. The inner cavity of the volute is connected to the main shaft, and an output module is provided on the outside of the volute. The output end of the output module is connected to the outside of the top plate. The output module can monitor the changes in water flow velocity in the inner cavity of the volute in real time and transmit the signal to the control module, providing precise control basis for air pump start-up, motor drive, and cylinder action, realizing automated and intelligent adjustment of the blade group angle, ensuring that the water turbine can maintain optimal operating state under different water flow conditions, and improving the unit's output and efficiency. Guide vanes are uniformly arranged in the inner cavity of the volute, and a control shaft is provided on the outside of the guide vanes. The control shaft is connected to the volute by bolts. The guide vanes can cooperate with the blade group to adjust the water flow. By adjusting the opening of the guide vanes through the control shaft, the water flow state in the inner cavity of the volute is further optimized, reducing energy loss caused by water flow turbulence. In synergy with the blade group angle adjustment function, the overall operating stability and anti-corrosion effect of the water turbine are improved.

[0012] Preferably, the inspection port of the volute is provided with an assembly plate, and a sealing plate is provided on the outside of the assembly plate by bolts. The matching design of the assembly plate and the sealing plate facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the internal components of the volute. When the blade assembly, guide vane and other components are worn or malfunction, the sealing plate can be quickly disassembled for inspection and replacement, reducing downtime and maintenance time and cost.

[0013] Preferably, an annular sealing ring or elastic sealing gasket is sandwiched between the mating surfaces of the sealing plate and the assembly plate. The sealing element is fitted to the end face of the assembly plate. The sealing element can enhance the sealing performance of the volute, prevent water leakage from the inspection port, ensure the stability of water pressure and flow velocity in the volute cavity, provide a stable operating condition basis for the angle adjustment of the blade assembly, and at the same time prevent external impurities from entering the volute and causing component erosion.

[0014] Preferably, a block-shaped support or a strip-shaped support rib is provided at the connection position between the output module and the top plate. One end of the support is fixedly welded or bolted to the housing of the output module, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top plate. The support can enhance the firmness of the connection between the output module and the top plate, and prevent the connection from loosening due to uneven force during the movement or limiting of the top plate, thus ensuring the stability of signal transmission and the reliability of structural operation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a turbine runner blade and a turbine, which have the following advantages: The turbine runner blades and turbine itself are adaptable to different water flow conditions. The output module monitors the real-time water flow velocity changes within the volute cavity and transmits signals to the control module, precisely controlling the coordinated operation of the air pump, motor, and cylinder. This enables automated and intelligent adjustment of the blade angle, optimizing water flow efficiency and improving unit output and operating efficiency. The air pump injects gas into the hollow column cavity, pushing the sliding plate and moving the top plate. Combined with the elastic deformation of the elastic plate, this provides ample space for blade angle adjustment while ensuring the smooth movement and reset of the top plate. The rationally designed stress-reducing triangular blocks effectively reduce stress concentration in the triangular area at the blade outlet, minimizing the risk of cracks caused by water flow impact. Combined with the water flow-adaptive adjustment function, this enhances the blade's wear resistance and structural strength, extending its service life. The cylinder and chuck's working structure removes restrictions during blade angle adjustment and reliably limits movement after adjustment, preventing angle deviation during operation and ensuring the safety and stability of the turbine.

[0016] The guide vanes and blade assembly work together to regulate water flow. By adjusting the opening of the guide vanes through the control shaft, the water flow state inside the volute is optimized, reducing energy loss caused by water flow turbulence. This further improves the overall operational stability and anti-erosion effect of the turbine, adapts to the high sediment content operating environment of the Toshkan River basin, reduces component erosion damage, lowers maintenance frequency and cost, and ensures the long-term safe and stable operation of the unit. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the control module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external casing of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the volute shell of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the volute of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Assembly plate; 11. Main shaft; 2. Blade assembly; 3. Stress-reducing triangular block; 4. Assembly mechanism; 41. Hollow column; 42. Slide plate; 43. Top plate; 44. Elastic plate; 45. Air pump; 46. Cylinder; 47. Control module; 48. Motor; 49. Output shaft; 410. Chuck; 5. Volute; 51. Sprue; 52. Assembly plate; 53. Output module; 6. Guide vane. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention provides a technical solution; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 A turbine runner blade includes: an assembly mechanism 4 and an assembly plate 1. The assembly plate 1 is disposed at the upper and lower ends of the assembly mechanism 4. A main shaft 11 is disposed on the outside of the assembly plate 1. The assembly mechanism 4 includes a hollow column 41. Slide plates 42 are slidably connected to both the upper and lower ends of the hollow column 41. A top plate 43 is disposed on the outside of the slide plates 42. The top plate 43 is connected to the assembly plate 1. An elastic plate 44 is disposed between the two sets of top plates 43. An air pump 45 is disposed in the inner cavity of the hollow column 41. The air inlet end of the air pump 45 is connected to the hollow column 41. Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4When the water flow rate inside the volute 5 changes, the air pump 45 starts and injects gas into the hollow column 41. The gas pressure pushes the slide plate 42 to move the top plate 43, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the distance between the two sets of top plates 43. This provides sufficient space for the angle adjustment of the blade group 2. At the same time, the elastic deformation characteristics of the elastic plate 44 ensure the stability and reset capability of the top plate 43 during movement. The hollow column 41 is equipped with a control module 47. The control end of the control module 47 is evenly equipped with motors 48. The output end of the motors 48 is connected to the output shaft 49. The output shaft 49 is connected to the blade group 2. Starting the control module 47 can precisely control the operation of the motors 48. The output shaft 49 drives the blade group 2 to change the angle, so that the blade group 2 can adapt to different water flow rates inside the volute 5, optimize the water flow efficiency, and improve the turbine's operating stability and output performance. The blade group 2 is evenly arranged between the two sets of top plates 43, and stress-reducing triangular blocks 3 are opened on the outside of the blade group 2. The stress-reducing triangular block 3 is set at the intersection of the water outlet edge and the lower ring of the blade assembly 2, extending parallel to the water inlet direction and transitioning along the water outlet edge direction with a slope of no more than 5%. This stress-reducing triangular block 3 can effectively reduce the stress concentration in the triangular area of ​​the water outlet edge of the blade assembly 2. Combined with the angle adjustment function of the blade assembly 2, it further reduces the risk of cracks caused by water flow impact, improves the wear resistance and structural strength of the blade assembly 2, and extends its service life. The output shaft 49 is externally sleeved with a chuck 410. Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 The chuck 410 has evenly spaced slots on its exterior, and a cylinder 46 is installed inside the hollow column 41. The output end of the cylinder 46 is matched with the slot. Before the angle of the blade assembly 2 is adjusted, starting the cylinder 46 can release the restriction of its output end on the slot of the chuck 410, ensuring that the output shaft 49 can smoothly drive the blade assembly 2 to rotate. After the angle adjustment is completed, the output end of the cylinder 46 returns to its original position and is locked into the slot, realizing reliable limiting of the chuck 410 and the output shaft 49, preventing the blade assembly 2 from deviating in angle during operation, and ensuring the safety and stability of the turbine operation.

[0021] A sealed bearing is provided at the junction of the output shaft 49 and the hollow column 41, and a reinforcing rib is provided on the outside of the output shaft 49. The sealed bearing can effectively prevent gas leakage in the cavity of the hollow column 41 and the entry of external water vapor, ensuring the working efficiency of the air pump 45 and the protection effect of the internal components. The reinforcing rib can improve the structural strength of the output shaft 49, cope with the torque and stress generated by the angle adjustment of the blade group 2 and the impact of water flow, and prevent the output shaft 49 from deforming or being damaged.

[0022] The upper and lower ends of the assembly plate 1 are equipped with main shafts 11. Bearings are sleeved on the outside of the main shafts 11. The bearings can reduce the frictional resistance during the rotation of the main shafts 11 and improve the smoothness of the operation of the main shafts 11. Combined with the angle adjustment function of the blade group 2, the overall operation of the turbine is more efficient and energy consumption is reduced.

[0023] A rubber pad is provided at one end of the top plate 43 near the blade assembly 2, and a reinforcing plate is provided on the outside of the top plate 43. The rubber pad can form a flexible limit on the blade assembly 2 after the top plate 43 returns to its original position, avoiding rigid contact that could cause wear on the surface of the blade assembly 2, and also playing a role in buffering and shock absorption. The reinforcing plate can enhance the structural rigidity of the top plate 43, ensuring that it does not deform when limiting the blade assembly 2, and ensuring the reliability of the limit.

[0024] The two ends of the elastic plate 44 are detachably connected to the two sets of top plates 43 respectively, and the outer surface of the elastic plate 44 is covered with a wear-resistant protective layer. The detachable connection method facilitates the inspection and replacement of the elastic plate 44 and reduces maintenance costs. The wear-resistant protective layer can improve the wear resistance of the elastic plate 44, adapt to the working environment inside the turbine, extend the service life of the elastic plate 44, and ensure that it provides stable elastic support for the top plate 43 for a long time.

[0025] The chuck 410 has anti-slip protrusions on the inner wall of the slot. The output end of the cylinder 46 fits against the inner wall of the slot. The outer wall of the hollow column 41 is provided with heat dissipation fins. The heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed along the length of the hollow column 41. The anti-slip protrusions can increase the friction between the output end of the cylinder 46 and the inner wall of the slot, improve the stability of the chuck 410 in the limit position, and prevent slippage during operation. The heat dissipation fins can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the air pump 45, motor 48 and other components inside the hollow column 41 during operation, avoid high temperature affecting the performance and service life of the components, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the assembly mechanism 4.

[0026] A water turbine, including the aforementioned water turbine runner blades, comprises: a volute 5 and a water inlet 51, the water inlet 51 being connected to the outside of the volute 5; the inner cavity of the volute 5 being connected to the main shaft 11; and an output module 53 being provided on the outside of the volute 5, the output end of which is connected to the outside of a top plate 43. The output module 53 can monitor the change in water flow velocity in the inner cavity of the volute 5 in real time and transmit the signal to a control module 47, providing precise control basis for the start of the air pump 45, the drive of the motor 48, and the action of the cylinder 46, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the blade group 2 angle. Intelligent and automated regulation ensures that the turbine maintains optimal operating conditions under different water flow conditions, improving unit output and efficiency. Guide vanes 6 are evenly arranged in the inner cavity of the volute 5, and a control shaft is set on the outside of the guide vanes 6. The control shaft is connected to the volute 5 by bolts. The guide vanes 6 can work with the blade assembly 2 to regulate the water flow. By adjusting the opening of the guide vanes 6 through the control shaft, the water flow state in the inner cavity of the volute 5 is further optimized, reducing energy loss caused by water flow turbulence. In synergy with the angle adjustment function of the blade assembly 2, the overall operating stability and anti-corrosion effect of the turbine are improved.

[0027] The inspection port of the volute 5 is provided with an assembly plate 52, and a sealing plate is bolted to the outside of the assembly plate 52. The matching design of the assembly plate 52 and the sealing plate facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the internal components of the volute 5. When the blade assembly 2, guide vane 6 and other components are worn or malfunction, the sealing plate can be quickly disassembled for inspection and replacement, reducing downtime and maintenance time and cost.

[0028] A sealing element is sandwiched between the mating surfaces of the sealing plate and the assembly plate 52. The sealing element is set to fit the end face of the assembly plate 52. The sealing element can enhance the sealing performance of the volute 5, prevent water from leaking from the inspection port, ensure the stability of water pressure and flow velocity in the inner cavity of the volute 5, provide a stable working condition basis for the angle adjustment of the blade assembly 2, and at the same time prevent external impurities from entering the interior of the volute 5 and causing component erosion.

[0029] A support is provided at the connection position between the output module 53 and the top plate 43. The support is fixedly connected to the output module 53 and the top plate 43 respectively. The support can enhance the firmness of the connection between the output module 53 and the top plate 43, and prevent the connection from loosening due to uneven force during the movement or limiting of the top plate 43, thus ensuring the stability of signal transmission and the reliability of structural operation.

[0030] When the water flow rate inside the volute 5 changes, the output module 53 outside the volute 5 monitors the change in flow rate in real time and transmits the signal to the control module 47 inside the hollow column 41. After analyzing the signal, the control module 47 issues a control command. First, it starts the air pump 45 to inject gas into the cavity of the hollow column 41, so that the distance between the two sets of top plates 43 is adjusted adaptively. Then, it starts the cylinder 46 to release the restriction of its output end on the chuck 410 slot. Subsequently, the control module 47 controls the motor 48 to drive the output shaft 49 to rotate, thereby changing the angle of the blade group 2. After the angle adjustment is completed, the air pump 45 stops working, the elastic plate 44 drives the top plate 43 to return to its original position to form a flexible limit on the blade group 2. At the same time, the output end of the cylinder 46 returns to its original position and enters the slot, reliably limiting the chuck 410 and the output shaft 49, ensuring the stable operation of the blade group 2.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A turbine runner blade, comprising: An assembly mechanism (4) and an assembly plate (1) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the assembly mechanism (4). The assembly plate (1) is characterized in that: a main shaft (11) is provided on the outside of the assembly plate (1); the assembly mechanism (4) includes a hollow column (41); a sliding plate (42) is slidably connected to both the upper and lower ends of the hollow column (41); a top plate (43) is provided on the outside of the sliding plate (42); the top plate (43) is connected to the assembly plate (1); an elastic plate (44) is provided between the two sets of top plates (43); an air pump (45) is provided in the inner cavity of the hollow column (41); the air inlet of the air pump (45) is connected to the hollow column (41); a control module (47) is provided in the inner cavity of the hollow column (41); the control module (47) is... The control end of the column is uniformly equipped with motors (48), the output end of the motors (48) is connected to an output shaft (49), the output shaft (49) is connected to a blade group (2), the blade group (2) is uniformly arranged between two sets of top plates (43), and stress-reducing triangular blocks (3) are provided on the outside of the blade group (2). The stress-reducing triangular blocks (3) are located at the intersection of the water outlet edge and the lower ring of the blade group (2), extending parallel to the water inlet direction, and transitioning along the water outlet edge direction with a slope of no more than five percent. A chuck (410) is sleeved on the outside of the output shaft (49), and a slot is uniformly provided on the outside of the chuck (410). A cylinder (46) is provided in the inner cavity of the hollow column (41), and the output end of the cylinder (46) is adapted to the slot.

2. The turbine runner blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed bearing is provided at the junction of the output shaft (49) and the hollow column (41), and a reinforcing rib is provided on the outside of the output shaft (49).

3. The turbine runner blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly plate (1) is provided with a spindle (11) at both the upper and lower ends, and a bearing is sleeved on the outside of the spindle (11).

4. The turbine runner blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber pad is provided at one end of the top plate (43) near the blade assembly (2), and a reinforcing plate is provided on the outside of the top plate (43).

5. A turbine runner blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the elastic plate (44) are detachably connected to the two sets of top plates (43), and the outer surface of the elastic plate (44) is covered with a wear-resistant protective layer.

6. A turbine runner blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck (410) has anti-slip protrusions on the inner wall of the slot, the output end of the cylinder (46) is in contact with the inner wall of the slot, and the hollow column (41) has heat dissipation fins on the outer wall, which are evenly distributed along the length of the hollow column (41).

7. A water turbine, comprising a water turbine runner blade as described in any one of claims 1-6, comprising: The volute (5) and the sprue (51) are connected to the outside of the volute (5). The volute (51) is characterized in that: the inner cavity of the volute (5) is connected to the main shaft (11), and an output module (53) is provided on the outside of the volute (5). The output end of the output module (53) is connected to the outside of the top plate (43). Guide vanes (6) are uniformly arranged in the inner cavity of the volute (5). A control shaft is provided on the outside of the guide vanes (6). The control shaft is connected to the volute (5) by bolts.

8. A water turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inspection port of the volute (5) is provided with an assembly plate (52), and the assembly plate (52) is provided with a sealing plate by bolts.

9. A water turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing element is provided between the mating surfaces of the sealing plate and the assembly plate (52), and the sealing element is set to fit the end face of the assembly plate (52).

10. A water turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support member is provided at the connection position between the output module (53) and the top plate (43), and the support member is fixedly connected to the output module (53) and the top plate (43) respectively.

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