A matrix laminate assembly and a solar cell assembly
By designing a matrix stacked module, two-dimensional current flow is achieved in the solar cells, which solves the problem of unstable current distribution, improves the module's resistance to shading and microcracks, and maintains the module's stable output power.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 华能(嘉峪关)新能源有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
When existing battery stacked modules are partially shaded or have microcracks, the current distribution is complex, leading to unstable current and voltage changes and affecting the module's output power.
The module adopts a matrix stacked module design, with the cells distributed in a matrix and connected by a mesh hybrid circuit that connects in series vertically and in parallel horizontally, so as to achieve two-dimensional current flow, avoid current concentration in a single path, and enhance resistance to shading and microcracks.
It effectively reduces power loss caused by shading, maintains stable current and voltage output, and improves the stability and resistance to dirt and shading of photovoltaic power generation systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN122121276A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of solar cell technology, specifically relating to a matrix stacked module and a solar cell module. Background Technology
[0002] A laminated module is a technology for interconnecting solar cells. Specifically, one side of one solar cell is placed under another, so that the front electrode of one cell coincides with the back electrode of the other, and a conductive material is used to form a conductive connection between the two electrodes. Another solar cell is placed under a third, so that the front electrode of the third cell coincides with the back electrode of the third, and a conductive material is used to form a conductive connection between the two electrodes. This process is repeated to interconnect multiple solar cells to form a cell string, and the cell strings are then packaged to form a laminated module.
[0003] Existing tandem solar modules are typically cut and stacked in a relatively simple manner, with the front edge of one cell interconnected with the back edge of the next, forming a "Z"-shaped or staggered arrangement. This arrangement can improve space utilization and photoelectric conversion efficiency to some extent, but it is relatively simplistic. Furthermore, especially in cases of partial shading or microcracks, current flow in the shaded or damaged cell area is obstructed. This forces the current to find alternative paths, altering the current distribution throughout the module. For example, the current might bypass the shaded cell and continue flowing through adjacent cells, making the current path more complex and causing significant changes in current magnitude. Under illumination, the output voltage and current of a normal cell remain relatively stable, while the output of a shaded or microcracked cell drops significantly, causing a sudden drop in the overall module output in this area, forming a step. Additionally, since the total power of a tandem solar module is the product of current and voltage, a decrease in either current or voltage will affect the module's total power. For example, if a solar cell is partially shaded, its output current will decrease, which in turn will reduce the overall output current of the module. Simultaneously, the voltage in the shaded area may also drop, further reducing the module's output power. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This disclosure aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a matrix stacked module and a solar cell module.
[0005] In one aspect of this disclosure, a matrix stacked cell assembly is proposed, comprising: multiple solar cells arranged in a matrix, multiple solar cells located in the same column being connected end to end in sequence to form a battery string, and multiple battery strings located in different rows being connected in series or in parallel.
[0006] Optionally, there are gaps between the plurality of battery cells in each battery string, and the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected by a first metal interconnect strip.
[0007] Optionally, the last cell of the battery string in the previous row is electrically connected to the last cell of the battery string in the next row, or the first cell of the battery string in the previous row is electrically connected to the first cell of the battery string in the next row.
[0008] Optionally, multiple battery cells in each battery string are stacked together, and the multiple battery cells are electrically connected by conductive adhesive, solder ribbon or conductive film.
[0009] Optionally, the conductive adhesive is an organosilicon conductive adhesive, wherein the volume resistivity of the organosilicon conductive adhesive is <1.0*10-3Ω·cm and the viscosity is 70,000 cP.
[0010] Optionally, the beginning and end of multiple battery strings located in different rows are respectively connected to the busbar, and the multiple battery strings form a parallel connection.
[0011] Optionally, the cells in the same row of multiple battery strings are electrically connected by a second metal interconnect strip.
[0012] In another aspect, this disclosure provides a solar cell module, characterized in that it comprises a glass front panel, a first encapsulation material layer, a cell array, a second encapsulation material layer, and a glass back panel; wherein,
[0013] The battery array is the matrix stacked assembly described above.
[0014] Optionally, the glass backplate is provided with a through hole for receiving lead wires, and the battery array is connected to the junction box through the lead wires passing through the through hole.
[0015] Optionally, the glass backing is tempered glass with a grid-like high-reflectivity layer and a thickness of 50-120 μm.
[0016] This disclosure proposes a matrix shingled solar cell module and a solar cell module. The matrix shingled solar cell module includes: multiple solar cells arranged in a matrix; multiple solar cells in the same column are connected end to end to form a cell string; and multiple cell strings in different rows are connected in series or in parallel. The matrix shingled solar cell module of this disclosure has a more regular arrangement and adopts a unique staggered arrangement design, realizing a mesh hybrid circuit connection method of vertical series and horizontal parallel connection between solar cells. This allows current to flow in two dimensions, exhibiting two-dimensional transport characteristics. When some solar cells are shaded, the current can continue to be transmitted through the parallel channel into the adjacent string, achieving detour around the obstruction point. This avoids the problem of significant current drop caused by shading in the series circuit of conventional shingled solar cell modules, effectively reducing power loss caused by shading and making current transmission more stable. In addition, it also has anti-fouling and anti-microcrack capabilities. The matrix shingled solar cell module can better maintain the overall power generation performance, outputting relatively stable current and voltage, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic power generation system. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the matrix stacked assembly according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the matrix stacked assembly according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the matrix stacked assembly of Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the matrix stacked assembly in Embodiment 4 of this disclosure when it is obscured;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the current changes in the initial state of the matrix stacked assembly and the conventional stacked assembly in Embodiment 4 of this disclosure;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the current changes when the matrix stacked assembly and a conventional stacked assembly of Embodiment 4 of this disclosure are blocked;
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the current changes when the matrix stacked assembly and a conventional stacked assembly of Embodiment 4 of this disclosure are blocked;
[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the current change when the matrix stacked assembly and the conventional stacked assembly of Embodiment 4 of this disclosure are blocked. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, the disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this disclosure and represent a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the protection scope of this disclosure.
[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this disclosure proposes a matrix stacked assembly 100, which includes multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a matrix. Multiple battery cells located in the same column are connected end to end in sequence to form a battery string 120. Multiple battery strings 120 located in different rows are connected in series or in parallel.
[0027] In this embodiment, by optimizing the arrangement and connection of the solar cells to form a matrix layout, better electrical performance can be achieved. For example, matrix-stapled solar cells can better resist the effects of local shading and microcracks, reducing power loss. In a matrix-stapled solar cell assembly, the solar cells are arranged in a matrix, which makes the current path more dispersed. When local shading or microcracks occur, the current can be transmitted through multiple paths instead of being concentrated on a single path. The current can continue to flow through the surrounding solar cells in different directions, reducing the risk of the entire assembly's current being interrupted due to local problems. At the same time, matrix-stapled solar cells can achieve flexible adjustment of output voltage and current by designing different connection methods and circuit layouts to meet different application scenarios and system requirements.
[0028] It should be noted that this embodiment does not specifically limit the number of solar cells included in the matrix stacking assembly. It can be set according to the needs of the four levels. For example, 9 solar cells, 24 solar cells, 36 solar cells, etc. can be set to form a 3*3 matrix, a 12*3 matrix arrangement, or a 9*4 matrix arrangement, etc. There is no specific limitation in this regard.
[0029] It should be further noted that this embodiment does not specifically limit the electrical connection method of the matrix stacked components. For example, it can be a series connection, a parallel connection, or a mixed connection, and can be specifically set according to actual needs.
[0030] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, there are gaps between the multiple battery cells 210 in each battery string 220, and the multiple battery cells 210 are electrically connected by a first metal interconnect strip. That is, in each column, the multiple battery cells arranged from top to bottom are electrically connected by the first metal interconnect strip, and the first metal interconnect strips electrically connected in each column are sequentially connected to form a complete conductive path, that is, to obtain a matrix stacked assembly arranged in series.
[0031] It should be understood that solar cells will thermally expand and contract due to temperature changes during operation. By leaving a certain gap between each solar cell, space is provided for the thermal expansion of the solar cell, avoiding stress concentration caused by expansion, thereby reducing the risk of solar cell breakage. At the same time, it also helps to promote air circulation and increase heat dissipation.
[0032] As a further preferred option, such as Figure 1 As shown, in a series-connected matrix stacked assembly, the first metal interconnect strip connects from the first cell in the first row of cell strings to the last cell in the last row of cell strings. The last cell in the previous row is electrically connected to the last cell in the next row, or the first cell in the previous row is electrically connected to the first cell in the next row. This series connection can be implemented in different directions and at different levels to achieve specific circuit layouts and performance requirements.
[0033] In other preferred embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, multiple battery cells 210 in each battery string 220 are stacked together, and the multiple battery cells 210 are electrically connected by conductive adhesive tape or conductive film.
[0034] In this embodiment, by stacking the solar cells, the number of solar cells can be increased within a limited planar space, thereby improving the power output of the module. This changes the traditional solar cell connection mode, making the current flow path between the solar cells more flexible. The stacked connection can reduce the connection resistance between solar cells because the current can be transmitted between adjacent solar cells through a shorter path, thus improving the current transmission efficiency.
[0035] It should be noted that this embodiment can use a suitable method to electrically connect each battery cell according to actual needs. For example, an organosilicon conductive adhesive can be used, wherein the volume resistivity of the organosilicon conductive adhesive is <1.0*10-3Ω·cm and the viscosity is 70,000 cP, which is beneficial for filling the tiny gaps and uneven surfaces between battery cells, while also playing a buffering role and reducing the mechanical stress between battery cells.
[0036] It should be further noted that the solder ribbon is typically made of highly conductive metals (such as copper and aluminum), which can effectively conduct current. In the connection between solar cells, it ensures efficient current transmission between the cells and reduces resistance loss. Once the solder ribbon is firmly welded to the electrodes of the solar cell, it can withstand certain external tensile forces and vibrations, ensuring the reliability of the connection between the solar cells under various environmental conditions.
[0037] It should be noted that when using conductive films, the conductive films can be evenly covered at the connection points of the solar cells, providing uniform conductivity. In addition, conductive films are usually relatively thin, which helps to reduce the size of the module.
[0038] In other preferred embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first and last ends of multiple battery strings 220 located in different rows are connected to busbars 230, forming a parallel connection. Specifically, the first ends of the first, second, and third battery strings are electrically connected to the first busbar, and the last ends of the first, second, and third battery strings are electrically connected to the second busbar, forming a parallel-connected matrix stacked assembly.
[0039] In other preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cells 210 in the same row of multiple battery strings 220 are electrically connected by a second metal interconnect 240. Each cell in one battery string is electrically connected to cells in the same row of other battery strings, forming a hybrid interconnected matrix stacked assembly.
[0040] In another aspect of this disclosure, a solar cell module is proposed, including a glass front panel, a first encapsulation material layer, a cell array, a second encapsulation material layer, and a glass back panel; wherein the cell array is a matrix stacked module as described above, and the specific structure of the matrix stacked module is described above and will not be repeated here.
[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the glass backplate is provided with through holes for receiving leads, and the battery array is connected to the junction box through the leads passing through the through holes.
[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the glass backplate is tempered glass with a grid-like high-reflectivity layer, with a thickness of 50-120 μm. This relatively thin design meets certain structural strength requirements while reducing overall weight. Furthermore, the high-reflectivity layer reflects light not absorbed by the solar cells back to them, increasing the solar cells' light absorption and utilization rate. Additionally, the grid-like design may be intended to ensure reflectivity while avoiding problems that might arise from large-area continuous reflective layers, such as light interference.
[0043] The structure and occlusion of the matrix stacked assembly will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments:
[0044] Example 1
[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the matrix stacking assembly 100 of this embodiment includes multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a matrix to form a 3*3 matrix arrangement. Three battery cells located in the same column are connected end to end in sequence to form three battery strings 120, and multiple battery strings 120 located in different rows are connected in series. Figure 1 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the direction of current flow.
[0046] Example 2
[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the matrix stacking assembly 100 of this embodiment includes multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a matrix to form a 3*12 matrix arrangement. Twelve battery cells located in the same column are connected end to end in sequence to form three battery strings 120, and multiple battery strings 120 located in different rows are connected in parallel. Figure 2 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the direction of current flow.
[0048] Example 3
[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the matrix stacking assembly 100 of this embodiment includes multiple battery cells 110 arranged in a matrix to form a 3*12 matrix arrangement. Twelve battery cells in the same column are connected end to end to form three battery strings 120. Multiple battery strings 120 in different rows are connected in parallel. At the same time, the battery cells 110 in the same row in each battery string 120 are electrically connected to form a series-parallel hybrid matrix stacking assembly. Figure 3 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the direction of current flow.
[0050] Example 4
[0051] This example uses the matrix stacked assembly structure of Embodiment 3 as an example to compare and analyze it with conventional stacked assemblies. As shown in Table 1 and... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 3 The matrix stacked assembly shown has an initial maximum output power of 317.29W, a maximum power point voltage of 36.294V, and a maximum power point current of 8.742A. Figure 3 The matrix stacked component shown is partially occluded, such as Figure 4 As shown, the black area in the middle represents the blocked battery cells. After being blocked, current is transmitted through the unblocked area.
[0052] In this example, a test was conducted on the shading of a single cell in the middle of a matrix stacked assembly, and the results are as follows. Figure 6 As shown in Table 1, the maximum output power of the matrix stacked module after blocking one solar cell is 305.292W, the power increase is 6.49%, the maximum power point voltage is 36.868V, and the maximum power point current is 8.281A.
[0053] Secondly, this example tested the shading of two cells in the middle of the matrix stacked module, and the results... Figure 7 As shown in Table 1, the maximum output power of the matrix stacked module after blocking two cells is 246.82W, the power increase is 31.6%, the maximum power point voltage is 37.927V, and the maximum power point current is 6.508A.
[0054] Secondly, this example tested the shading of the three cells in the middle of the matrix stacked module, and the results... Figure 8 As shown in Table 1, the maximum output power of the matrix stacked module after blocking three solar cells is 154.867W, the power increase is 45.8%, the maximum power point voltage is 38.93V, and the maximum power point current is 3.978A.
[0055] In addition, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also compares with a conventional stacked cell assembly, which consists of thirty-six battery cells stacked sequentially in the same direction to form a series stacked cell assembly. The initial maximum output power of this assembly is 318.874W, the maximum power point voltage is 36.303V, and the maximum power point current is 8.784A.
[0056] The current test results are shown in Table 1 and 2 after one of the solar cells in the middle of the conventional stacked module was blocked. Figure 6 As shown, the maximum output power is 286.676W, the maximum power point voltage is 37.208V, and the maximum power point current is 7.705A.
[0057] Secondly, after blocking the two middle cells of a conventional stacked module, the current test results are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 7 As shown, the maximum output power is 187.548W, the maximum power point voltage is 37.867V, and the maximum power point current is 4.953A.
[0058] Secondly, after blocking the three middle cells of the conventional stacked module, the current test results are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 8 As shown, the maximum output power is 106.219W, the maximum power point voltage is 39.599V, and the maximum power point current is 2.682A.
[0059] In summary, based on Figures 5 to 8As shown in Table 1, when one cell is blocked in a shingled module, the power output of a conventional shingled module decreases due to a step-down effect, while the power output of a matrix shingled module remains almost unchanged. When two cells are blocked in a shingled module, the power output of a conventional shingled module decreases significantly, while the power output of a matrix shingled module decreases slightly, but significantly less than the decrease in the conventional shingled module. When three cells are blocked in a shingled module, the power output of a conventional shingled module decreases dramatically, while the power output of a matrix shingled module is higher than that of a conventional shingled module.
[0060] In summary, conventional shingled modules exhibit a step-like effect and reduced power after being shaded. In conventional shingled modules, current primarily flows along a relatively single path, typically transmitted sequentially in series between cells. Once a localized problem occurs, such as shading or microcracks, the current flow is severely impeded, leading to drastic current changes, a significant power drop, and ultimately, the step-like phenomenon, resulting in a substantial deterioration in the overall module performance. In contrast, matrix shingled modules remain almost unchanged. This indicates that matrix shingled modules possess two-dimensional transport characteristics, allowing current to flow in multiple directions within a two-dimensional plane. This two-dimensional transport characteristic enables matrix shingled modules to better mitigate risks. Even if some cells are shaded or develop microcracks, other cells can still continue to transmit current through different paths, thus maintaining relatively stable overall module performance.
[0061] Table 1 Test results of the stacked assembly
[0062]
[0063] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of this disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
Claims
1. A matrix stacking assembly, characterized in that, include: Multiple solar cells are arranged in a matrix. Multiple solar cells in the same column are connected end to end to form a solar cell string. Multiple solar cell strings in different rows are connected in series or in parallel.
2. The matrix stacking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the battery strings has gaps between the plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected by a first metal interconnect strip.
3. The matrix stacking assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The last cell of the battery string in the previous row is electrically connected to the last cell of the battery string in the next row, or the first cell of the battery string in the previous row is electrically connected to the first cell of the battery string in the next row.
4. The matrix stacking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the battery strings, multiple battery cells are stacked together, and the multiple battery cells are electrically connected by conductive adhesive, solder ribbon or conductive film.
5. The matrix stacking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conductive adhesive is an organosilicon conductive adhesive, wherein the volume resistivity of the organosilicon conductive adhesive is <1.0*10-3Ω·cm and the viscosity is 70,000 cP.
6. The matrix stacking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple battery strings located in different rows are connected end to end to a busbar, and the multiple battery strings are connected in parallel.
7. The matrix stacking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cells in the same row of multiple battery strings are electrically connected by a second metal interconnect strip.
8. A solar cell module, characterized in that, It includes a glass front panel, a first encapsulation material layer, a battery array, a second encapsulation material layer, and a glass back panel; wherein, The battery array is a matrix stacked assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The solar cell module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The glass back plate is provided with through holes for accommodating lead wires, and the battery array is connected to the junction box through lead wires passing through the through holes.
10. The solar cell module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The glass backplate is tempered glass with a grid-like high-reflectivity layer, and the thickness is 50-120μm.