A cylindrical workpiece clamping device, a positioning and exchange system, and a method of using the same.

Abstract

This invention relates to a cylindrical workpiece clamping device, a positioning and exchange system, and its usage method, belonging to the technical field of crystal shaping equipment. It includes a housing, a spindle, a vacuum chuck, a rotary pneumatic cylinder, a flexible pressure plate, a rotary cylinder transition plate, a ring-shaped flange, and a clamping assembly. The spindle is rotatably mounted inside the housing, with one end connected to the vacuum chuck and the other end connected to the rotary pneumatic cylinder via the transition plate. The workpiece is adsorbed onto the vacuum chuck. A flexible pressure plate is installed inside the spindle to press against one end face of the workpiece. A clamping assembly is located outside the vacuum chuck, connected to the housing via the ring-shaped flange. This invention enables more stable clamping and more flexible exchange of cylindrical workpieces during processing, significantly improving the surface quality of the processed workpiece and production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crystal shaping equipment technology, specifically to a cylindrical workpiece clamping device, a positioning and exchange system, and a method of using them. Background Technology

[0002] For certain hard and brittle cylindrical workpieces, such as crystal ingots, multiple grinding processes are required on the end faces and outer cylindrical surfaces to eliminate surface defects, improve morphology, and control geometric accuracy, thereby reducing the risk of breakage or damage during subsequent finishing processes. Unlike traditional metal materials, these materials are inherently difficult to process and reliably clamp. Traditional adhesive fixing methods require repeated bonding / peeling, involving multiple auxiliary processes such as surface cleaning, adhesive application, curing, and solvent extraction, making the process cumbersome and time-consuming.

[0003] Secondly, the existing processing mode presents two contradictory choices: split processing requires multiple disassembly and repositioning, and each reassembly requires realignment and tool setting, resulting in low equipment utilization, slow production cycle, and reliance on skilled workers; integrated rotary table equipment enables the transfer between different processing stations through a rotating platform, but its multiple fixtures and structure significantly increase mechanical and control complexity, floor space, and maintenance costs. At the same time, the large overall structure also reduces the accessibility of the processing area, making production changeover, tooling replacement, and daily operation inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address at least one technical problem in the background art, the present invention provides a cylindrical workpiece clamping device, a positioning and exchange system, and a method for using the same, which enables more stable clamping and more flexible exchange of cylindrical workpieces during processing, thereby greatly improving the surface quality and production efficiency of the processed workpieces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a cylindrical workpiece clamping device, comprising: a housing, a main shaft, a vacuum chuck, a rotary pneumatic cylinder, a flexible pressure plate, a rotary cylinder transition plate, a ring flange, and a clamping assembly; the main shaft is rotatably mounted inside the housing, with one end connected to the vacuum chuck and the other end connected to the rotary pneumatic cylinder via the rotary cylinder transition plate, and the workpiece is adsorbed onto the vacuum chuck; a flexible pressure plate is provided inside the main shaft, which clamps one end face of the workpiece; a clamping assembly is provided on the outside of the vacuum chuck, and the clamping assembly is connected to the housing via the ring flange.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a centering chuck and a pneumatic elastic jaw; the centering chuck is disposed on the outside of the pneumatic elastic jaw; the centering chuck is connected to the ring plug flange through a bearing support, so that the centering chuck can rotate with the spindle.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer shell is provided with a chuck drive oil circuit. The chuck drive oil circuit drives the axial movement of the ring plug flange through an external oil source, drives the axial movement of the centering chuck, and drives the pneumatic elastic jaws to move, thereby clamping the outer circle of the workpiece.

[0008] Furthermore, the spindle is rotatably mounted inside the housing via bearing support one and bearing support two; and the housing is sealed to the spindle via a sealing flange cover, a rear flange cover, and a precision locking nut.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotary pneumatic cylinder has two control air paths, namely a flexible pressure plate feed air path and a vacuum extraction air path; the flexible pressure plate feed air path achieves axial feeding of the flexible pressure plate inside the main shaft by introducing air into the air intake channel inside the main shaft; the vacuum extraction air path evacuates the vacuum suction cup through a vacuum pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the flexible pressure plate away from the vacuum suction cup is connected to a tension spring inside the main shaft to achieve the reset of the flexible pressure plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the ring plug flange is equipped with a claw control air passage, which enables the pneumatic elastic claw to grip and change the inner diameter.

[0012] A positioning and switching system includes the cylindrical workpiece clamping device described in any of the above claims, and further includes a headstock worktable, a tailstock worktable, and a bed base; the headstock worktable and the tailstock worktable are fixed at both ends by a turntable base and a sliding base, respectively; the headstock worktable achieves the rotational movement of the workpiece clamping device above it through a turntable system; the tailstock worktable achieves the linear movement of the workpiece clamping device above it through a guide rail slider system.

[0013] Furthermore, the turntable system achieves the rotational movement of the workpiece clamping device above the headstock worktable by fixing the transition plate to the workpiece clamping device above it; the guide rail slider system achieves the linear movement of the workpiece clamping device above the tailstock worktable by fixing the upper base to the workpiece clamping device above it; the guide rail slider system achieves the linear movement of the upper base by driving the lead screw with a motor.

[0014] A method of using a location switching system includes the following steps: S1: Loading: The workpiece to be processed is placed at a suitable position outside the vacuum suction cup 1 of the headstock worktable by the robotic arm. S2: Clamping and positioning: The vacuum pipeline is evacuated by the vacuum pumping air circuit installed on the headstock worktable, so that the vacuum suction cup on the headstock worktable can adsorb one end face of the workpiece. Then, the ring plug flange drives the centering chuck to extend axially through the chuck drive oil circuit. The chuck control air circuit controls the pneumatic elastic chuck to retract, so as to clamp and position the workpiece. S3: End face grinding: After clamping and positioning, the end face of the workpiece is ground by end face grinding wheel. Different grinding wheels are selected according to the requirements of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding. S4: External Cylindrical Grinding: The workpiece is placed between the headstock and tailstock tables using a rotary table system. The tailstock table is brought close to the other end face of the workpiece using a guide rail and slider system. Air is supplied to the flexible pressure plate on the tailstock table to extend and press against the other end face of the workpiece. The pneumatic elastic jaws of the headstock table are controlled to open the air passages. The ring flange of the headstock table drives the centering chuck to retract axially via the chuck drive oil passage, thus releasing the centering chuck from the workpiece. The external cylindrical grinding wheel grinds the outer diameter of the workpiece. S5: Positioning Exchange: The ring flange on the tailstock table drives the centering chuck to extend axially via the chuck drive oil circuit. Then, the jaw control air circuit of the tailstock table controls the retraction of the pneumatic elastic jaws, gripping the outer diameter of the workpiece from the other end. Then, the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit on the tailstock table is cut off, and the tension spring resets the flexible pressure plate back into the spindle. The vacuum chuck on the headstock table de-vacuums the vacuum line via the vacuum extraction air circuit, preventing workpiece adsorption. Air is then introduced through the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit on the headstock table, allowing the flexible pressure plate to extend and push the workpiece to a suitable position outside the vacuum chuck on the tailstock table. Then, the flexible pressure plate on the headstock table is de-vacuumed through the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit and the tension spring resets it back into the spindle. Then, the vacuum extraction air circuit on the tailstock table evacuates the vacuum line, allowing the vacuum chuck on the tailstock table to adsorb the other end face of the workpiece, completing the clamping and positioning. The guide rail slider system moves the workpiece away from the headstock table, achieving workpiece positioning exchange. S6: End face grinding: After the tailstock worktable completes the clamping and positioning of the other end face of the workpiece, the other end face of the workpiece is ground by the end face grinding wheel. Different grinding wheels are selected according to the requirements of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention features a vacuum chuck with one end connected to a vacuum pipeline inside the main spindle, enabling adsorption of the workpiece's end face. A flexible pressure plate with an air inlet is also located within the main spindle, allowing the pressure plate to move axially along the spindle and thus clamp the workpiece's end face. A centering chuck is positioned outside the vacuum chuck. Driven by a hydraulic circuit, the centering chuck is pushed axially by a ring-plug flange. A pneumatic control circuit outside the ring-plug flange allows for adjustment of the pneumatic elastic jaws' inner diameter, achieving clamping and positioning of the workpiece's outer diameter. The workpiece is transferred from one device to another via the cooperation of the vacuum chuck and flexible pressure plate on the headstock and tailstock worktables. This device has a simple structure, is suitable for clamping and positioning in various processing situations, and, when used with other processing equipment, can achieve one-time forming of cylindrical workpieces, improving processing efficiency and reducing operator workload. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cylindrical workpiece clamping device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical workpiece clamping device of the present invention when the outer circle of the workpiece is not clamped. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical workpiece clamping device of the present invention for clamping the outer circle of the workpiece; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cylindrical workpiece positioning and exchange system of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial internal structure diagram of the cylindrical workpiece clamping device during the grinding of the end face of a cylindrical workpiece according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a partial internal structure diagram of the positioning and exchange system of the present invention during the grinding of the outer diameter of a cylindrical workpiece; In the diagram: 1-Workpiece clamping device; 2-Headstock table; 3-Tailstock table; 4-Bed base; 5-Workpiece; 6-Face grinding wheel; 7-External cylindrical grinding wheel; 101-Body shell; 102-Spindle; 103-Vacuum chuck; 104-Centering chuck; 105-Rotary pneumatic cylinder; 106-Sealing flange cover; 107-Flexible pressure plate; 108-Flexible pressure plate feed air path; 109-Vacuum extraction air path; 110-Inlet duct; 111-Rotary cylinder transition plate; 112-Vacuum... Empty piping; 113-Tension spring; 114-Ring flange; 115-Chuck drive oil circuit; 116-Pneumatic elastic jaw; 117-Jaw control air circuit; 118-Bearing support one; 119-Bearing support two; 120-Bearing support three; 121-Rear flange cover; 122-Precision lock nut; 201-Turntable base; 202-Turntable system; 203-Transition plate; 301-Sliding seat; 302-Guide rail slider system; 303-Upper base; 304-Motor; 305-Lead screw. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0019] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0020] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] To achieve the above objectives, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides a cylindrical workpiece clamping device, comprising: a housing 101, a main shaft 102, a vacuum chuck 103, a rotary pneumatic cylinder 105, a flexible pressure plate 107, a rotary cylinder transition plate 111, a ring flange 114, and a clamping assembly; the main shaft 102 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 101, and one end of the main shaft 102 is connected to the vacuum chuck 103, and the other end is connected to the rotary pneumatic cylinder 105 through the rotary cylinder transition plate 111, and the workpiece 5 is adsorbed on the vacuum chuck 103; the flexible pressure plate 107 is provided inside the main shaft 102, and the flexible pressure plate 107 is used to press against one end face of the workpiece 5; the clamping assembly is provided on the outside of the vacuum chuck 103, and the clamping assembly is connected to the housing 101 through the ring flange 114.

[0023] To further optimize the technical solution, the clamping assembly includes a centering chuck 104 and a pneumatic elastic jaw 116. The centering chuck 104 is disposed on the outside of the pneumatic elastic jaw 116. The centering chuck 104 is connected to the ring plug flange 114 via a bearing support 120, enabling the centering chuck 104 to rotate with the spindle. The ring plug flange 114 is supported by a sealing flange cover 106 and the bearing support 120.

[0024] To further optimize the technical solution, the shell 101 is provided with a chuck drive oil circuit 115. The chuck drive oil circuit 115 drives the axial movement of the ring plug flange 114 through an external oil source, thereby driving the axial movement of the centering chuck 104. The ring plug flange 114 drives the oil cylinder through the chuck drive oil circuit 115 to drive the centering chuck 104 to extend and retract axially, thereby driving the pneumatic elastic jaw 116 to move and achieve clamping of the outer circle of the workpiece 5.

[0025] To further optimize the technical solution, the main shaft 102 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 101 via bearing support one 118 and bearing support two 119; and the housing 101 is sealed to the main shaft 102 via a sealing flange cover 106, a rear flange cover 121, and a precision locking nut 122. The housing 101 supports the main shaft 102 via bearing support one 118 and bearing support two 119; the housing 101 is axially positioned to the main shaft 102 via the rear flange cover 121 and the precision locking nut 122.

[0026] To further optimize the technical solution, the rotary pneumatic cylinder 105 has two control air paths, namely the flexible pressure plate feed air path 108 and the vacuum extraction air path 109; the flexible pressure plate feed air path 108 feeds air into the air intake channel 110 inside the main shaft 102 to realize the axial feeding of the flexible pressure plate 107 inside the main shaft 102; the vacuum extraction air path 109 evacuates the vacuum suction cup 103 through the vacuum pipeline 112 to realize the vacuum state of the vacuum suction cup 103.

[0027] To further optimize the technical solution, the flexible pressure plate 107 uses a flexible structure at one end to press against the workpiece 5, achieving stable workpiece clamping; the other end is connected to a tension spring 113 inside the main shaft 102, enabling the flexible pressure plate 107 to reset. When the flexible pressure plate feed air passage 108 is not ventilated, the flexible pressure plate 107 can be pulled back, so that the outer end of the flexible pressure plate 107 is located inside the vacuum suction cup 103. When the vacuum suction cup 103 is not working, the flexible pressure plate 107 extends outward from the main shaft 102 through the flexible pressure plate feed air passage 108.

[0028] To further optimize the technical solution, the ring flange 114 is equipped with a claw control air passage 117. The pneumatic elastic claw 116 is used to grasp and change the inner diameter of the workpiece 5 through the claw control air passage 117, thereby achieving radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece 5.

[0029] refer to Figure 4 The present invention also provides a positioning and exchange system, a cylindrical workpiece clamping device 1, and further includes a headstock worktable 2, a tailstock worktable 3, and a bed base 4; the headstock worktable 2 and the tailstock worktable 3 are fixed at both ends of the bed base 4 by a turntable base 201 and a sliding seat 301, respectively; the headstock worktable 2 achieves the rotational movement of the workpiece clamping device 1 above it through a turntable system 202; the tailstock worktable 3 achieves the linear movement of the workpiece clamping device 1 above it through a guide rail slider system 302. The turntable system 202 achieves the rotational movement of the workpiece clamping device 1 above the headstock worktable 2 by fixing it to the workpiece clamping device 1 above it through a transition plate 203; the guide rail slider system 302 achieves the linear movement of the workpiece clamping device 1 above the tailstock worktable 3 by fixing it to the workpiece clamping device 1 above it through an upper base 303; the guide rail slider system 302 achieves the linear movement of the upper base 303 by driving a lead screw 305 through a motor 304. The phase adjustment of the workpiece and the positioning exchange between the two clamping devices are achieved through the turntable base 201 of the headstock worktable and the guide rail slider system 302 of the tailstock worktable 3. The turntable system 202 can change the orientation of the workpiece clamping device 1 on the headstock worktable 2, and the guide rail slider system 302 can adjust the distance between the workpiece clamping device 1 on the tailstock worktable 3 and the headstock worktable 2, so that the workpiece exchange can be achieved through the cooperation of the two worktables.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for using a location switching system, comprising the following steps: S1: Loading: The workpiece 5 to be processed is placed in a suitable position outside the vacuum suction cup 103 of the headstock worktable 2 by the robotic arm.

[0031] S2: Clamping and positioning: The vacuum line 112 is evacuated by the vacuum pumping air passage 109 installed on the headstock worktable 2, so that the vacuum suction cup 103 on the headstock worktable 2 can adsorb one end face of the workpiece 5. Then, the ring plug flange 114 drives the centering chuck 104 to extend axially through the chuck drive oil passage 115. The chuck control air passage 117 controls the pneumatic elastic chuck 116 to retract, so as to clamp and position the workpiece 5.

[0032] S3: End face grinding: After clamping and positioning, the end face of the workpiece 5 is ground by the end face grinding wheel 6. Different grinding wheels are selected according to the requirements of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding.

[0033] S4: External cylindrical grinding: The workpiece 5 is placed between the headstock worktable 2 and the tailstock worktable 3 through the turntable system 202. The tailstock worktable 3 is brought close to the other end face of the workpiece 5 through the guide rail slider system 302. The flexible pressure plate feed air passage 108 on the tailstock worktable 3 is ventilated to make the flexible pressure plate 107 extend and abut against the other end face of the workpiece 5. The control pneumatic elastic jaw 116 of the headstock worktable 2 opens through the jaw control air passage 117. The ring plug flange 114 of the headstock worktable 2 drives the centering chuck 104 to retract axially through the chuck drive oil passage 115, realizing the release of the centering chuck 104 from the workpiece 5. The external cylindrical grinding wheel 7 grinds the outer diameter of the workpiece 5. S5: Positioning Exchange: The ring flange 114 on the tailstock worktable 3 drives the centering chuck 104 to extend axially via the chuck drive oil circuit 115. Then, the jaw control air circuit 117 of the tailstock worktable 3 controls the pneumatic elastic jaw 116 to retract, gripping the outer circle of the workpiece 5 from the other end. Then, the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit 108 on the tailstock worktable 3 cuts off the air supply and the tension spring 113 resets the flexible pressure plate 107 to the inside of the spindle 102. The vacuum chuck 103 on the headstock worktable 2 cancels the vacuum state of the vacuum line 112 through the vacuum extraction air circuit 109, releases the workpiece 5, and allows the flexible pressure plate 107 to extend through the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit 108 on the headstock worktable 2, pushing the workpiece 5 to a suitable position outside the vacuum chuck 103 on the tailstock worktable 3. Then, the flexible pressure plate 107 on the headstock worktable 2 resets to the inside of the spindle 102 through the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit 108 cut off the air supply and the tension spring 113. Then, the vacuum line 112 is evacuated by the vacuum pumping air passage 109 installed on the tailstock worktable 3, so that the vacuum suction cup 103 on the tailstock worktable 3 can adsorb the other end face of the workpiece 5 and complete the clamping and positioning; the workpiece 5 is moved away from the headstock worktable 2 by the guide rail slider system 302, so as to realize the positioning and exchange of the workpiece 5.

[0034] S6: End face grinding: After the tailstock worktable 3 completes the clamping and positioning of the other end face of the workpiece 5, the other end face of the workpiece 5 is ground by the end face grinding wheel 6. Different grinding wheels are selected according to the requirements of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding.

[0035] The above steps involve first adsorbing the workpiece 5 on the headstock worktable 2, and then transferring it to the tailstock worktable 3. If the workpiece 5 is first adsorbed on the tailstock worktable 3 and then transferred to the headstock worktable 2, and the workpiece clamping device 1 on the headstock worktable 2 is named A and the workpiece clamping device 1 on the tailstock worktable 3 is named B, then the roles of A and B can be interchanged.

[0036] This invention features a vacuum chuck with one end connected to a vacuum pipeline inside the main spindle, enabling adsorption of the workpiece's end face. A flexible pressure plate with an air inlet is also located within the main spindle, allowing the pressure plate to move axially along the spindle and thus clamp the workpiece's end face. A centering chuck is positioned outside the vacuum chuck. Driven by a hydraulic circuit, the centering chuck is pushed axially by a ring-plug flange. A pneumatic control circuit outside the ring-plug flange allows for adjustment of the pneumatic elastic jaws' inner diameter, achieving clamping and positioning of the workpiece's outer diameter. The workpiece is transferred from one device to another via the cooperation of the vacuum chuck and flexible pressure plate on the headstock and tailstock worktables. This device has a simple structure, is suitable for clamping and positioning in various processing situations, and, when used with other processing equipment, can achieve one-time forming of cylindrical workpieces, improving processing efficiency and reducing operator workload.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical workpiece clamping device, characterized in that, include: The assembly comprises a housing (101), a spindle (102), a vacuum chuck (103), a rotary pneumatic cylinder (105), a flexible pressure plate (107), a rotary cylinder transition plate (111), a ring flange (114), and a clamping assembly. The spindle (102) is rotatably mounted inside the housing (101), with one end connected to the vacuum chuck (103) and the other end connected to the rotary pneumatic cylinder (105) via the rotary cylinder transition plate (111). The workpiece (5) is adsorbed onto the vacuum chuck (103). A flexible pressure plate (107) is provided inside the spindle (102) to press against one end face of the workpiece (5). A clamping assembly is provided on the outside of the vacuum chuck (103), and the clamping assembly is connected to the housing (101) via the ring flange (114).

2. The cylindrical workpiece clamping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a centering chuck (104) and a pneumatic elastic jaw (116); the centering chuck (104) is disposed on the outside of the pneumatic elastic jaw (116); the centering chuck (104) is connected to the ring flange (114) through a bearing support (120), so that the centering chuck (104) can rotate with the spindle.

3. The cylindrical workpiece clamping device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The shell (101) is provided with a chuck drive oil circuit (115). The chuck drive oil circuit (115) drives the axial movement of the ring plug flange (114) through an external oil source, drives the axial movement of the centering chuck (104), and drives the pneumatic elastic jaw (116) to move, thereby achieving the clamping of the outer circle of the workpiece (5).

4. The cylindrical workpiece clamping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft (102) is rotatably mounted inside the housing (101) via bearing support one (118) and bearing support two (119); and the housing (101) is sealed to the main shaft (102) via sealing flange cover (106), rear flange cover (121) and precision locking nut (122).

5. The cylindrical workpiece clamping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary pneumatic cylinder (105) has two control air paths, namely the flexible pressure plate feed air path (108) and the vacuum extraction air path (109); the flexible pressure plate feed air path (108) feeds air into the air intake channel (110) inside the main shaft (102) to realize the axial feeding of the flexible pressure plate (107) inside the main shaft (102); the vacuum extraction air path (109) evacuates the vacuum suction cup (103) through the vacuum pipeline (112).

6. The cylindrical workpiece clamping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible pressure plate (107) is reset by connecting the end away from the vacuum suction cup (103) to the tension spring (113) inside the main shaft (102).

7. A cylindrical workpiece clamping device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The ring flange (114) is provided with a claw control air passage (117), which realizes the change of the inner diameter of the pneumatic elastic claw (116) by the claw control air passage (117).

8. A location switching system, characterized in that, The cylindrical workpiece clamping device (1) according to any one of claims 1-7 further includes a headstock worktable (2), a tailstock worktable (3) and a bed base (4); the headstock worktable (2) and the tailstock worktable (3) are fixed at both ends by a turntable base (201) and a sliding seat (301), respectively; the headstock worktable (2) achieves the rotational movement of the workpiece clamping device (1) above it through a turntable system (202); the tailstock worktable (3) achieves the linear movement of the workpiece clamping device (1) above it through a guide rail slider system (302).

9. A location switching system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The turntable system (202) achieves the rotational movement of the workpiece clamping device (1) above the headstock worktable (2) by fixing the transition plate (203) to the workpiece clamping device (1) above it; the guide rail slider system (302) achieves the linear movement of the workpiece clamping device (1) above the tailstock worktable (3) by fixing the upper base (303) to the workpiece clamping device (1) above it; the guide rail slider system (302) achieves the linear movement of the upper base (303) by driving the lead screw (305) through the motor (304).

10. A method of using a location switching system as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Loading: The workpiece (5) to be processed is placed in a suitable position outside the vacuum suction cup (103) of the headstock worktable (2) by the robot arm. S2: Clamping and positioning: The vacuum pipeline (112) is evacuated by the vacuum pumping air passage (109) installed on the headstock worktable (2), so that the vacuum suction cup (103) on the headstock worktable (2) can adsorb one end face of the workpiece (5). Then, the ring plug flange (114) drives the centering chuck (104) to extend axially through the chuck drive oil passage (115). The chuck control air passage (117) controls the pneumatic elastic chuck (116) to retract, so as to clamp and position the workpiece (5). S3: End face grinding: After clamping and positioning, the end face of the workpiece (5) is ground by the end face grinding wheel (6). Different grinding wheels are selected according to the requirements of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding. S4: External cylindrical grinding: The workpiece (5) is placed between the headstock worktable (2) and the tailstock worktable (3) through the turntable system (202). The tailstock worktable (3) is brought close to the other end face of the workpiece (5) through the guide rail slider system (302). The flexible pressure plate feed air passage (108) on the tailstock worktable (3) is ventilated to make the flexible pressure plate (107) extend and abut against the other end face of the workpiece (5). The control pneumatic elastic jaw (116) of the headstock worktable (2) opens through the jaw control air passage (117). The ring plug flange (114) of the headstock worktable (2) drives the centering chuck (104) to retract axially through the chuck drive oil passage (115) to release the centering chuck (104) from the workpiece (5). The outer diameter of the workpiece (5) is ground by the external cylindrical grinding wheel (7). S5: Positioning Exchange: The ring flange (114) on the tailstock worktable (3) drives the centering chuck (104) to extend axially through the chuck drive oil circuit (115). Then, the jaw control air circuit (117) of the tailstock worktable (3) controls the pneumatic elastic jaw (116) to retract and hold the outer circle from the other end of the workpiece (5). Then, the flexible pressure plate feed air circuit (108) on the tailstock worktable (3) cuts off the air and the tension spring (113) realizes the flexible pressure plate (107) to return to the inside of the spindle (102). The vacuum chuck (103) on the headstock worktable (2) cancels the vacuum state of the vacuum line (112) through the vacuum pumping air circuit (109), releases the workpiece (5), and the flexible pressure plate on the headstock worktable (2) releases the workpiece (5). The feed air passage (108) is ventilated to allow the flexible pressure plate (107) to extend and push the workpiece (5) to a suitable position outside the vacuum chuck (103) on the tailstock worktable (3). Then, the flexible pressure plate (107) on the headstock worktable (2) is de-energized by the flexible pressure plate feed air passage (108) and reset to the inside of the spindle (102) by the tension spring (113). Then, the vacuum line (112) is evacuated by the vacuum extraction air passage (109) installed on the tailstock worktable (3), so that the vacuum chuck (103) on the tailstock worktable (3) can adsorb the other end face of the workpiece (5) and complete the clamping and positioning. The workpiece (5) is moved away from the headstock worktable (2) by the guide rail slider system (302) to realize the positioning and exchange of the workpiece (5). S6: End round grinding: After the tailstock worktable (3) completes the clamping and positioning of the other end face of the workpiece (5), the other end face of the workpiece (5) is ground by the end face grinding wheel (6). Different grinding wheels are selected according to the requirements of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding.

Images