Method, device and equipment for determining shot charge of well shooting in multi-wave seismic exploration
By considering factors such as surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology in multi-wave seismic exploration, the well shot ignition test points and charge dosage were optimized, solving the problem of optimal well shot ignition charge dosage under complex surface conditions, and realizing the acquisition of high-resolution P-wave and high signal-to-noise ratio converted wave data.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods cannot effectively optimize the firing charge of well shots in multi-wave seismic exploration under complex surface conditions, resulting in insufficient quality of single-shot data.
By considering factors such as surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology, the optimal well-shot ignition test site was selected. The test range was designed by referring to the charge amount in neighboring areas. Combined with P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy data, the optimal ignition charge amount was determined.
By optimizing the amount of propellant used in well shots under complex surface conditions, high-quality raw single-shot data from multi-wave well shot excitation can be obtained, thereby improving P-wave resolution and converted wave signal-to-noise ratio.
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Figure CN122131375A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration. Background Technology
[0002] As onshore oil and gas exploration and development targets become increasingly complex and concealed, conventional P-wave exploration technology can no longer fully meet the demands for efficient exploration and development. Multiwave seismic exploration technology has unique advantages in reservoir imaging, lithology and fluid identification, etc. It can eliminate the ambiguity problem when using only P-wave data for reservoir prediction, improve the success rate of exploration and development of complex, concealed and heterogeneous gas reservoirs, and has become one of the effective technical means to improve the accuracy of oil and gas exploration and solve specific geological problems.
[0003] In seismic exploration, well-shot induction is a method of generating seismic waves through explosive blasting. The effectiveness of induction is typically evaluated based on the quality of single-shot data. Before acquisition and production operations, it is necessary to analyze test data with different induction parameters to select the optimal parameters. The traditional method involves selecting typical exposed strata in the work area, conducting well-shot induction tests, and using the test data with different induction parameters for qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation to determine the optimal well-shot induction parameters.
[0004] However, traditional methods only consider the exposed strata on the surface and are not suitable for optimizing the amount of propellant used in well shots during multi-wave seismic exploration in complex terrain. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus and equipment for determining the amount of propellant used in well shots during multi-wave seismic exploration, in order to solve the technical problem of how to optimize the amount of propellant used in well shots during multi-wave seismic exploration on complex surfaces.
[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for determining the amount of propellant used in multi-wave seismic exploration, comprising: determining the propellant activation test point of the target area based on surface factors of the target area, wherein the surface factors include at least one of surface elevation, exposed strata, and activating lithology; determining a second propellant activation range for multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area based on a first propellant activation range of adjacent areas, and determining multiple test propellant activation amounts within the second propellant activation range; acquiring multi-wave seismic data of each propellant activation test point under multiple test propellant activation tests; extracting P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave seismic data of the multi-wave seismic data, and determining the target propellant activation amount of the corresponding propellant activation test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data.
[0007] In some embodiments, determining the well-shot induction test points in the target work area based on surface factors includes: dividing the surface elevation of the target work area into different elevation intervals according to preset elevation intervals; selecting key exposed strata from each exposed stratum in the target work area and determining the induction lithology of the key exposed strata; determining a shot point attribute intersection map based on the elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and induction lithology; and determining the well-shot induction test points in the target work area based on the shot point attribute intersection map.
[0008] In some embodiments, dividing the surface elevation of the target work area according to a preset elevation interval to form different elevation intervals includes: determining the elevation difference between the maximum and minimum surface elevation of the target work area; and, if the elevation difference is greater than the preset elevation interval, gradually dividing the area according to the preset elevation interval starting from the minimum surface elevation to form different elevation intervals.
[0009] In some embodiments, the step of selecting key exposed strata from each exposed stratum in the target work area includes: determining the percentage of well shots in each exposed stratum in the target work area; and determining the exposed strata whose percentage of well shots is greater than a preset percentage as the key exposed strata.
[0010] In some embodiments, determining the cross-sectional map of shot point attributes based on elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and ignition lithology includes: projecting the well shot number and elevation interval corresponding to each key exposed strata onto a two-dimensional coordinate system; and classifying and labeling the ignition lithology of each key exposed strata to obtain the cross-sectional map of shot point attributes.
[0011] In some embodiments, determining the range of the second well-shot charge for multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area based on the range of the first well-shot charge for adjacent areas of the target area, and determining multiple test charges within the range of the second well-shot charge, includes: obtaining the first well-shot charge for P-wave seismic exploration of adjacent areas of the target area; increasing the range of the first well-shot charge by a preset range to obtain the range of the second well-shot charge for multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area; and determining multiple test charges within the range of the second well-shot charge in an arithmetic progression.
[0012] In some embodiments, the step of extracting P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data, and determining the target excitation charge for the corresponding well shot excitation test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data, includes: extracting the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy corresponding to different test excitation charges from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data; establishing a first curve between different test excitation charges and P-wave bandwidth and a second curve between different test excitation charges and converted wave energy in a two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to each key exposed stratum, under the corresponding elevation interval and excitation lithology, forming an intersection curve; and determining the target excitation charge for the corresponding well shot excitation point according to the inflection point or preset rate of change of the intersection curve.
[0013] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for determining the amount of propellant used in multi-wave seismic exploration, comprising: a test point determination module, used to determine the propellant testing point of the target area based on surface factors of the target area, wherein the surface factors include at least one of surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology; a test propellant determination module, used to determine the range of propellant used in multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area based on the range of propellant used in a first well-fired test area adjacent to the target area, and to determine multiple test propellant amounts within the range of the second well-fired test propellant amount; a test data acquisition module, used to acquire multi-wave seismic data of each well-fired test point under the condition of conducting multiple test propellant amounts; and a target propellant amount determination module, used to extract P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave seismic data of the multi-wave seismic data of the test, and to determine the target propellant amount of the corresponding well-fired test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data.
[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; the memory is used to store computer programs; and the processor is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the method for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing in multi-wave seismic exploration as described in any one of the first aspects.
[0015] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining the amount of propellant used in well-shot seismic exploration as described in any of the first aspects.
[0016] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
[0017] First, by considering various complex surface factors such as surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology, the optimal well-shot ignition test points were determined. Then, by referencing the ignition charge quantities in neighboring areas, the test ignition charge quantity for this work area was meticulously designed. After conducting multiple ignition tests at each well-shot ignition test point, the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy were extracted from the test data. Finally, based on the consideration of P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy, the optimal ignition charge quantity was determined, achieving the optimal ignition charge quantity for multi-wave seismic exploration under complex surface conditions. Furthermore, after applying the optimal ignition charge quantity to this work area, high-quality original single-shot data from multi-wave well-shot ignition can be obtained, including high-resolution P-wave data and converted wave data with effectively improved signal-to-noise ratio. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S101 in the illustrated embodiment;
[0022] Figure 3 A blast point attribute intersection diagram for work area A provided in this embodiment of the invention;
[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S102 in the illustrated embodiment;
[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S104 in the illustrated embodiment;
[0025] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the intersection curve of the key exposed stratum A in the Jia work area provided in this embodiment of the invention;
[0026] Figure 6b A schematic diagram of the intersection curve of the key exposed stratum B in work area A provided for an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 6cA schematic diagram of the intersection curve of the key exposed stratum C in work area A provided for an embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a device for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] In seismic exploration, well-shot induction is a method of generating seismic waves through explosive blasting. Before acquisition and production operations, it is necessary to analyze test data of different induction parameters to select the optimal parameters. The traditional method is to select typical exposed strata at the surface of the work area, conduct well-shot induction tests, and use the test data of different induction parameters for qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation to determine the optimal well-shot induction parameters.
[0032] However, for complex surface areas, traditional methods only consider the exposed strata on the surface and lack a comprehensive analysis of the impact of factors such as surface elevation and ignition lithology on the quality of single-shot data. They cannot achieve fine design of ignition parameters based on surface elevation and ignition lithology. In other words, traditional methods are not suitable for optimizing the amount of propellant used in well shots for multi-wave seismic exploration in complex surfaces.
[0033] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the technical concept of this invention is as follows: when conducting multi-wave seismic exploration under complex surface conditions, the excitation parameters should be matched with multiple surface factors, and quantitative evaluation should be carried out taking into account both the P-wave bandwidth and the effective reflection energy of the converted wave, so as to select a more suitable excitation parameter to obtain high-quality multi-wave raw single-shot data.
[0034] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the charge quantity for well shot in multi-wave seismic exploration, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method for determining the charge quantity for well shots in this multi-wave seismic exploration includes:
[0035] Step S101: Determine the well-blasting test point of the target work area based on the surface factors of the target work area. The surface factors include at least one of surface elevation, exposed strata and ignition lithology.
[0036] Specifically, for target work areas with complex surfaces, multiple complex surface factors can be obtained by collecting historical data of the target work area, including surface elevation, exposed strata and ignition lithology. Based on these multiple complex surface factors, the well shot ignition test points in the target work area can be optimally determined.
[0037] Step S102: Determine the range of the second well firing charge for multi-wave seismic exploration in the target area based on the range of the first well firing charge in adjacent areas, and determine multiple test firing charges within the range of the second well firing charge.
[0038] Specifically, the well-shot activation parameters of adjacent work areas (i.e., the first well-shot activation charge) can be used as a reference to determine the test range of well-shot activation charge for the target work area (i.e., the second well-shot activation charge range), and multiple test activation charges can be selected within this test range.
[0039] Step S103: Obtain seismic data from multi-wave excitation tests at each well shot excitation test point under multiple excitation charge dosages.
[0040] Specifically, for each well shot ignition test point, multiple ignition tests with different amounts of ignition propellant were conducted to obtain multi-wave ignition test seismic data.
[0041] Step S104: Extract P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data, and determine the target excitation charge at the corresponding well shot excitation test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data.
[0042] Specifically, firstly, wavefield separation technology is used to extract single-shot data of P-waves and converted waves from the seismic data of multi-wave excitation tests. The P-wave bandwidth is obtained from the single-shot P-wave data, and the converted wave energy is obtained from the single-shot converted wave data. Then, based on the consideration of the P-wave bandwidth and the converted wave energy, the optimal target excitation charge is selected.
[0043] After determining the optimal target propellant charge for each well shot excitation point, excitation is performed at each well shot excitation test point using the target propellant charge. This allows for the acquisition of high-quality raw single-shot data from multi-wave well shot excitation, including high-resolution longitudinal wave data and converted wave data with effectively improved signal-to-noise ratio.
[0044] The method for determining the propellant charge in multi-wave seismic exploration provided in this embodiment firstly optimizes the propellant charge by considering various complex surface factors such as surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology. Then, by referencing the propellant charges in neighboring areas, the propellant charge for this work area is precisely designed. After conducting multiple propellant tests at each propellant charge test point, the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy are extracted from the test data. Finally, the optimal propellant charge is determined based on the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy, thus achieving optimal propellant charge selection in multi-wave seismic exploration under complex surface conditions.
[0045] Based on the foregoing embodiments, Figure 2 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S101 in the illustrated embodiment is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:
[0046] Step S1011: Divide the surface elevation of the target work area according to the preset elevation interval to form different elevation intervals.
[0047] Specifically, an elevation interval, such as 50m, can be preset, and then the surface elevation of the target work area can be divided into different elevation intervals based on this interval.
[0048] In some embodiments, step S1011 includes: determining the elevation difference between the maximum and minimum surface elevation of the target work area; and, if the elevation difference is greater than a preset elevation interval, gradually dividing the area from the minimum surface elevation according to the preset elevation interval to form different elevation intervals.
[0049] Specifically, a surface elevation map of the target work area can be collected, and the maximum surface elevation E can be calculated. max With the lowest surface elevation E min The elevation difference ΔE between them, that is: ΔE = E max -E min If △E > N×50m, when N=1, the elevation interval distribution of the target work area is as follows: E min To E min +50m, E min +50m to E max When N > 1, the elevation intervals of the target work area include N+1 intervals, distributed as follows: E min To E min +50m, ..., E min +(N-1)×50m to E min +N×50m、E min +N×50m to E max .
[0050] Step S1012: Select key exposed strata from the exposed strata in the target work area and determine the activating lithology of the key exposed strata.
[0051] Specifically, in the target work area, key exposed strata are screened from all exposed strata, and the activating lithology of these key exposed strata is determined. The so-called activating lithology refers to the rock type or lithology suitable for activating operations, such as mudstone, sandstone, etc.
[0052] In some embodiments, step S1012, which involves selecting key exposed strata from each exposed stratum in the target work area, includes: determining the percentage of well shots in each exposed stratum in the target work area; and determining the exposed strata whose percentage of well shots is greater than a preset percentage as the key exposed strata.
[0053] Specifically, the percentage of well shots in different outcropping strata within the target work area is statistically analyzed, and outcropping strata with a percentage greater than a preset percentage (e.g., 10%) are identified as key outcropping strata. For example, taking work area A as an example, the outcropping strata in work area A include: strata A, strata B, strata C, and strata D, etc. Among them, the percentage of well shots in strata A is 55%, the percentage in strata B is 30%, the percentage in strata C is 15%, and the percentage in other strata is less than 10%. Therefore, the key outcropping strata in work area A are: strata A, strata B, and strata C.
[0054] It should be noted that after identifying the key exposed strata, the distribution of each elevation interval of the key exposed strata can be determined according to the elevation intervals divided in step S1011. After determining the ignition lithology (mudstone, sandstone, etc.) of the key exposed strata, the elevation interval where the ignition lithology is located can be determined according to the elevation intervals divided in step S1011.
[0055] Step S1013: Determine the intersection map of shot point attributes based on elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and activating lithology.
[0056] In some embodiments, step S1013 includes: projecting the well shot number and elevation interval corresponding to each key exposed stratum onto a two-dimensional coordinate system; classifying and marking the ignition lithology of each key exposed stratum to obtain the shot point attribute intersection map.
[0057] Specifically, taking work area A as an example, using the well shot attributes from elevation intervals, exposed strata, and inducing lithology statistics, the well shot station numbers (X) and elevation (Y) attributes of strata A, B, and C are projected onto the XY coordinate system according to the divided elevation intervals. Based on the inducing lithology survey results, different markers (different colors or shapes, etc., for example, yellow for sandstone induction well locations and blue for mudstone induction well locations) are set according to sandstone and mudstone induction, thus creating a cross-sectional map of the exposed strata, surface elevation, and inducing lithology shot point attributes, such as... Figure 3 This is a junction map of blast point attributes for work area A provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0058] Step S1014: Determine the well shot activation test point of the target work area based on the intersection map of the shot point attributes.
[0059] Specifically, after establishing a cross-sectional map of shot point attributes based on the complex surface conditions and multiple factors (surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology) of the target work area, ignition test points with typical elevation intervals, typical exposed strata, and typical ignition lithology were selected. Taking work area A as an example... Figure 3 Taking the intersection map of shot point attributes as an example, the elevation range of 500-550m and 550-600m in stratum A is mudstone, the elevation range of 500-550m in stratum B includes mudstone and sandstone, the elevation range of 450-500m in stratum C is sandstone, and the elevation range of 500-550m in stratum C is mudstone. Induction test points can be set at these locations.
[0060] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the surface elevation of the target work area is divided according to a preset elevation interval to form different elevation intervals; key exposed strata are selected from each exposed stratum in the target work area, and the ignition lithology of the key exposed strata is determined; a cross-sectional map of shot point attributes is determined based on the elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and ignition lithology; and well shot ignition test points in the target work area are determined according to the cross-sectional map of shot point attributes. Thus, it is possible to optimize well shot ignition points that match complex surfaces by considering multiple surface factors such as surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology.
[0061] Based on the foregoing embodiments, Figure 4 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S102 in the illustrated embodiment is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, step S102 includes:
[0062] Step S1021: Obtain the charge amount for the first well shot in the P-wave seismic exploration of the adjacent work areas of the target work area.
[0063] Step S1022: Increase the amount of propellant used in the first well shot according to a preset range to obtain the range of propellant used in the second well shot for multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area.
[0064] Step S1023: Within the range of the second well shot ignition charge, determine multiple test ignition charges in an arithmetic progression manner.
[0065] Specifically, if the well firing parameters of adjacent work areas are the same as the firing charge used in conventional P-wave exploration, then when designing the firing charge test range for multi-wave seismic exploration in this work area, the range will be appropriately increased based on the P-wave range, and then multiple test firing charges will be determined within the increased range in an arithmetic progression from low to high.
[0066] For example, if the amount of propellant used in P-wave exploration wells in adjacent work areas of work area A is 6-8 kg, then the range of propellant used in wells in work area A can be considered to be 6-14 kg. Taking arithmetic progression 2 as an example, the experimental propellant amounts can be determined to be 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 kg. As shown in Table 1, the experimental propellant amounts corresponding to each test point in work area A under different key exposed strata, elevation ranges, and ignition lithologies are presented.
[0067] Table 1
[0068]
[0069] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the first well shot ignition charge of P-wave seismic exploration in adjacent work areas of the target work area is obtained; the range of the first well shot ignition charge is increased according to a preset range to obtain the range of the second well shot ignition charge of multi-wave seismic exploration in the target work area; multiple test ignition charges are determined in an arithmetic progression within the range of the second well shot ignition charge; thus, the rapid, convenient, and precise design of the ignition test scheme for this work area is realized.
[0070] Based on the foregoing embodiments, Figure 5 for Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S104 in the illustrated embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, step S104 includes the following steps:
[0071] Step S1041: Extract the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy corresponding to different experimental excitation charges from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data.
[0072] Specifically, for each well shot excitation test point, multiple excitation tests with different excitation amounts are conducted to obtain multi-wave excitation test seismic data corresponding to each well shot excitation test point. From this multi-wave excitation test seismic data, P-wave single-shot data and converted wave single-shot data corresponding to different excitation amounts can be extracted, and then the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy corresponding to different excitation amounts can be obtained.
[0073] Step S1042: In the two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to each key exposed stratum, establish the first curve between different experimental excitation amounts and P-wave bandwidth and the second curve between different experimental excitation amounts and converted wave energy under the corresponding elevation interval and excitation lithology, forming the intersection curve.
[0074] Step S1043: Determine the target amount of propellant at the corresponding well shot trigger point based on the inflection point of the intersection curve or the preset rate of change.
[0075] Specifically, a two-dimensional coordinate system is established for each key exposed stratum, and experimental propellant charge-P-wave bandwidth curves and experimental propellant charge-converted wave energy curves are plotted under different elevation ranges and ignition lithologies, forming a convergence curve of P-wave bandwidth-converted wave energy. By analyzing the inflection point or rate of change of the convergence curves under the same elevation range and ignition lithology, the optimal target propellant charge for the corresponding well shot ignition point can be determined.
[0076] For example, Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the intersection curves of the key exposed stratum A in the Jia working area provided in this embodiment of the invention. Based on the intersection point of the P-wave bandwidth curve and the converted wave energy curve of the key exposed stratum A at an elevation of 500-550m below mudstone, the optimal excitation charge is determined to be 10kg; based on the intersection point of the P-wave bandwidth curve and the converted wave energy curve of the key exposed stratum A at an elevation of 550-600m below mudstone, the optimal excitation charge is determined to be 12kg.
[0077] Figure 6b This is a schematic diagram of the intersection curves of the key exposed stratum B in Area A of the present invention. Based on the intersection point of the P-wave bandwidth curve and the converted wave energy curve of the key exposed stratum B at an elevation of 500-550m under mudstone, the optimal excitation charge is determined to be 10kg; based on the intersection point of the P-wave bandwidth curve and the converted wave energy curve of the key exposed stratum B at an elevation of 500-550m under sandstone, the optimal excitation charge is determined to be 12kg.
[0078] Figure 6c This is a schematic diagram of the intersection curves of the key exposed stratum C in Area A of the present invention. Based on the exchange point between the P-wave bandwidth curve and the converted wave energy curve of the key exposed stratum C at an elevation of 450-500m under sandstone, the optimal excitation charge is determined to be 12kg; based on the exchange point between the P-wave bandwidth curve and the converted wave energy curve of the key exposed stratum C at an elevation of 500-550m under mudstone, the optimal excitation charge is also determined to be 12kg.
[0079] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy corresponding to different test excitation charges are extracted from the seismic data of the multi-wave excitation test. In the two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to each key exposed stratum, a first curve between different test excitation charges and P-wave bandwidth and a second curve between different test excitation charges and converted wave energy are established under the corresponding elevation interval and excitation lithology, forming an intersection curve. The target excitation charge for the corresponding well shot excitation point is determined according to the inflection point or preset rate of change of the intersection curve. That is, according to the exposed stratum, surface elevation, and excitation lithology, an intersection curve of P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy is established, and the optimal excitation charge is determined according to the inflection point or rate of change of the curve.
[0080] To further understand this invention, we will now take work area A as an example, combined with... Figure 3 , Figures 6a-6c The entire process of this embodiment will be described in detail using an example, including the following steps:
[0081] First, collect historical data for work area A, and obtain information on multiple surface factors such as surface elevation, exposed strata, and ignition lithology of the target work area from the historical data.
[0082] Then, the surface elevation of Area A was divided into different elevation intervals according to 50m elevation intervals; the exposed strata A, B, and C, which account for more than 10% of the number of well shots in Area A, were identified as key exposed strata, and the ignition lithology of each key exposed strata was determined; based on the divided elevation intervals, the well shot station (X) and elevation (Y) attributes of strata A, B, and C were projected onto the XY coordinate system; based on the ignition lithology survey results, different color markers were set according to sandstone and mudstone ignition (sandstone ignition well location marked yellow, mudstone ignition well location marked blue), and a cross-sectional map of the exposed strata, surface elevation, and ignition lithology shot point attributes was completed; based on the main distribution range of ignition lithology in the map, the location of the well shot ignition test point in Area A was determined.
[0083] Then, a multi-wave activation charge test scheme was designed. Based on the activation charge of 6-8 kg for longitudinal wave exploration wells in adjacent work areas, the activation charge was appropriately increased to obtain the activation charge test range of 6-14 kg for multi-wave exploration in work area A. Multiple activation charges were obtained by arithmetic progression in increments of 2 kg, as shown in Table 1.
[0084] Then, based on the determined location of the well shot ignition test point, multiple ignition tests were conducted using the designed multi-wave ignition charge test scheme to obtain multi-wave ignition test seismic data.
[0085] Then, wavefield separation technology was used to extract single-shot data of P-waves and converted waves from the seismic data of multi-wave excitation tests, thereby obtaining the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy under different excitation test charges.
[0086] Then, a coordinate system is constructed for each key exposed stratum. Within this coordinate system, intersection curves of P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy are established for the corresponding elevation intervals and lithologies based on the exposed strata, surface elevation, and ignition lithology. The optimal ignition charge is determined based on the inflection point or rate of change of the curves. Figures 6a-6c As shown, the optimal amount of activating agent at each activation test point is recorded in Table 1.
[0087] Finally, the optimal amount of propellant was used to ignite multiple wells in work area A to obtain high-quality raw single-shot data.
[0088] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can match multiple factors on complex surfaces, optimize the well shot activation test point, finely design the activation charge test, extract two influencing factors (P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy) from the test data, and obtain the charge size corresponding to the threshold value of the P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy variation curves for different strata, different elevations, and different activation lithologies through cross-sectional quantitative analysis. This achieves the optimization of activation charge for multi-wave acquisition under complex surface conditions. After its application on complex surfaces, it can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of converted wave data while obtaining high-resolution P-wave data.
[0089] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a device for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the device includes:
[0090] The test point determination module 701 is used to determine the well-shot firing test point of the target work area based on the surface factors of the target work area, wherein the surface factors include at least one of surface elevation, exposed strata, and firing lithology; the test charge determination module 702 is used to determine the second well-shot firing charge range of the target work area based on the first well-shot firing charge range of the adjacent work areas, and determine multiple test firing charges within the second well-shot firing charge range; the test data acquisition module 703 is used to acquire the multi-wave firing test seismic data of each well-shot firing test point under the firing test of multiple test firing charges; the target charge determination module 704 is used to extract P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave firing test seismic data, and determine the target firing charge of the corresponding well-shot firing test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data.
[0091] In some embodiments, the test point determination module 701 is specifically used for:
[0092] The surface elevation of the target work area is divided according to the preset elevation intervals to form different elevation intervals;
[0093] Key exposed strata were selected from the exposed strata in the target work area, and the activating lithology of the key exposed strata was determined.
[0094] Based on elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and activating lithology, a cross-sectional map of shot point attributes was determined.
[0095] The well firing test points in the target work area are determined based on the intersection map of the shot point attributes.
[0096] In some embodiments, the test point determination module 701 is specifically used for:
[0097] Determine the elevation difference between the maximum and minimum surface elevations of the target work area;
[0098] When the elevation difference is greater than the preset elevation interval, starting from the lowest surface elevation, the elevation is gradually divided according to the preset elevation interval to form different elevation ranges.
[0099] In some embodiments, the test point determination module 701 is specifically used for:
[0100] Determine the percentage of well shots made in each exposed stratum in the target work area;
[0101] The exposed strata with a percentage of well shots exceeding a preset percentage are identified as the key exposed strata.
[0102] In some embodiments, the test point determination module 701 is specifically used for:
[0103] Project the well shot station number and elevation interval corresponding to each key exposed stratum onto a two-dimensional coordinate system;
[0104] The ignition lithology of each key exposed stratum is classified and labeled to obtain the cross-sectional map of the shot point attributes.
[0105] In some embodiments, the test dosage determination module 702 is specifically used for:
[0106] Obtain the charge quantity for the first well shot in P-wave seismic exploration of adjacent work areas of the target work area;
[0107] The range of explosive charge for the first well shot is increased according to a preset range to obtain the range of explosive charge for the second well shot in the multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area.
[0108] Within the range of the second well shot ignition charge, multiple test ignition charges were determined in an arithmetic progression manner.
[0109] In some embodiments, the target dosage determination module 704 is specifically used for:
[0110] The P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy corresponding to different experimental excitation charges were extracted from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data.
[0111] In the two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to each key exposed stratum, a first curve between different experimental excitation amounts and P-wave bandwidth and a second curve between different experimental excitation amounts and converted wave energy are established under the corresponding elevation interval and excitation lithology, forming an intersection curve;
[0112] The target charge amount for the corresponding well shot activation point is determined based on the inflection point of the intersection curve or the preset rate of change.
[0113] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process and corresponding beneficial effects of the well-blast charge determination device for multi-wave seismic exploration described above can be found in the corresponding process in the aforementioned method example, and will not be repeated here.
[0114] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device includes: a processor 801, a communication interface 802, a memory 803, and a communication bus 804, wherein the processor 801, the communication interface 802, and the memory 803 communicate with each other via the communication bus 804.
[0115] Memory 803 is used to store computer programs;
[0116] In one embodiment of this application, when the processor 801 executes the program stored in the memory 803, it implements the steps of the method for determining the amount of propellant used in well-blasting in multi-wave seismic exploration provided in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
[0117] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.
[0118] The aforementioned memory 803 may be an electronic memory such as flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM, hard disk, or ROM. Memory 803 has storage space for program code used to perform any of the method steps described above. For example, the storage space for program code may include individual program codes for implementing the various steps in the methods described above. This program code can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. These computer program products include program code carriers such as hard disks, optical discs (CDs), memory cards, or floppy disks. Such computer program products are typically portable or fixed storage units. The storage unit may have storage segments or storage spaces arranged similarly to the memory 803 in the aforementioned electronic device. The program code may be compressed, for example, in a suitable form. Typically, the storage unit includes programs for performing the method steps according to the embodiments of this application, i.e., code that can be read by a processor such as 801, which, when run by the electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the various steps in the methods described above.
[0119] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the well-shot charge determination method for multi-wave seismic exploration as described above.
[0120] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the device / apparatus described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of this application.
[0121] According to embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as including but not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
[0122] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0123] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.
Claims
1. A method for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration, characterized in that, include: The well-shot ignition test points in the target work area are determined based on the surface factors of the target work area, wherein the surface factors include at least one of surface elevation, exposed strata and ignition lithology. Based on the range of the first well firing charge in adjacent work areas of the target work area, determine the range of the second well firing charge in the multi-wave seismic exploration of the target work area, and determine multiple test firing charges within the range of the second well firing charge. Acquire multi-wave seismic data for each well shot ignition test point under ignition tests with multiple test ignition charges; P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data are extracted from the seismic data of the multi-wave excitation test, and the target excitation charge at the corresponding well shot excitation test point is determined based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the well-shot firing test point in the target work area based on surface factors includes: The surface elevation of the target work area is divided according to the preset elevation intervals to form different elevation intervals; Key exposed strata were selected from the exposed strata in the target work area, and the activating lithology of the key exposed strata was determined. Based on elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and activating lithology, a cross-sectional map of shot point attributes was determined. The well firing test points in the target work area are determined based on the intersection map of the shot point attributes.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of dividing the surface elevation of the target work area according to a preset elevation interval to form different elevation intervals includes: Determine the elevation difference between the maximum and minimum surface elevations of the target work area; When the elevation difference is greater than the preset elevation interval, starting from the lowest surface elevation, the elevation is gradually divided according to the preset elevation interval to form different elevation ranges.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of selecting key exposed strata from the exposed strata in the target work area includes: Determine the percentage of well shots made in each exposed stratum in the target work area; The exposed strata with a percentage of well shots exceeding a preset percentage are identified as the key exposed strata.
5. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The intersection map of shot point attributes determined based on elevation intervals, key exposed strata, and inducing lithology includes: Project the well shot station number and elevation interval corresponding to each key exposed stratum onto a two-dimensional coordinate system; The ignition lithology of each key exposed stratum is classified and labeled to obtain the cross-sectional map of the shot point attributes.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The process involves determining the range of explosive charges for multi-wave seismic exploration in the target area based on the range of explosive charges from the first well in adjacent areas, and then determining multiple experimental explosive charges within the range of explosive charges from the second well in adjacent areas, including: Obtain the charge quantity for the first well shot in P-wave seismic exploration of adjacent work areas of the target work area; The range of explosive charge for the first well shot is increased according to a preset range to obtain the range of explosive charge for the second well shot in the multi-wave seismic exploration of the target area. Within the range of the second well shot ignition charge, multiple test ignition charges were determined in an arithmetic progression manner.
7. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The step of extracting P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data, and determining the target excitation charge at the corresponding well shot excitation test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data, includes: The P-wave bandwidth and converted wave energy corresponding to different experimental excitation charges were extracted from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data. In the two-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to each key exposed stratum, a first curve between different experimental excitation amounts and P-wave bandwidth and a second curve between different experimental excitation amounts and converted wave energy are established under the corresponding elevation interval and excitation lithology, forming an intersection curve; The target charge amount for the corresponding well shot activation point is determined based on the inflection point of the intersection curve or the preset rate of change.
8. A device for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration, characterized in that, include: The test point determination module is used to determine the well shot induction test point of the target work area based on the surface factors of the target work area, wherein the surface factors include at least one of surface elevation, exposed strata and induction lithology; The test charge determination module is used to determine the range of test charge for the second well shot in the target area based on the range of test charge for the first well shot in adjacent areas of the target area, and to determine multiple test charge amounts within the range of test charge for the second well shot. The test data acquisition module is used to acquire multi-wave excitation test seismic data for each well shot excitation test point under multiple test excitation charges; The target charge determination module is used to extract P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data from the multi-wave excitation test seismic data, and determine the target charge for the corresponding well shot excitation test point based on the P-wave bandwidth data and converted wave energy data.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; When a processor executes a program stored in a memory, it implements the steps of the method for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration as described in any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method for determining the amount of propellant used in well firing during multi-wave seismic exploration as described in any one of claims 1-7.