A high-capacity and high-efficiency energy-gathering lithium battery energy storage device

Abstract

This application provides a large-capacity, high-efficiency lithium-ion battery energy storage device, belonging to the field of new energy power equipment technology. The device includes: a prefabricated cabin, which is divided into a battery compartment and an electrical compartment by a first double-layer wall panel; the electrical compartment is divided into a combiner control compartment and a cooling compartment by a second double-layer wall panel; a combiner control cabinet is installed in the combiner control compartment, and a fire suppression system is installed in the cooling compartment; a battery rack is provided in the battery compartment, which is used to place liquid-cooled battery packs and high-voltage boxes; several liquid-cooled battery packs are flexibly directly connected through low-impedance copper busbars to form battery clusters; every two battery clusters are connected to one high-voltage box; every four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes form a battery stack, and a total of two battery stacks are provided; the two battery stacks are respectively connected to the combiner control cabinet. This solves the high impedance and heat dissipation problems caused by traditional multi-strand wire connections, achieves synergistic optimization of current carrying capacity and temperature control effect, and reduces the space occupied by wiring in the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy power equipment technology, and in particular relates to a large-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the new energy power equipment technology field, electrochemical energy storage has been undergoing rapid technological iteration in recent years due to the rapid deployment of renewable energy. However, large-scale deployment still faces many challenges. There is a significant mismatch between market demand and actual supply. The core demand focuses on improving system integration efficiency, reducing total life cycle costs, and enhancing safety and reliability to adapt to multiple application scenarios such as generation, grid, and user sides, and to promote the transformation of electrochemical energy storage from demonstration projects to large-scale commercialization.

[0003] In existing technologies, the internal partitioning of prefabricated cabins is insufficient, and there is a lack of efficient isolation between the battery compartment and the electrical compartment, resulting in low space utilization. The connection between battery clusters mostly relies on traditional wires, which have problems such as high impedance and poor temperature control, affecting the overall energy efficiency of the system. Moreover, the battery stack architecture design is redundant, the integration process is complex, and it is difficult to achieve a standardized layout, which restricts the economy and reliability of large-scale applications. Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] This application provides a high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device, the device comprising: a prefabricated cabin, the prefabricated cabin being divided into a battery compartment and an electrical compartment by a first double-layer wall panel; The electrical room is divided into a busbar control room and a cooling room by a second double-layer wall panel; the busbar control room is equipped with a busbar control cabinet, and the cooling room is equipped with a fire protection system; The battery room is equipped with a battery rack, which is used to place liquid-cooled battery packs and high-voltage boxes. Several liquid-cooled battery packs are flexibly connected directly to form battery clusters through low-impedance copper busbars. Every two battery clusters are connected to one high-voltage box. Every four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes form a battery stack, and a total of two battery stacks are provided. The two battery stacks are connected to the combiner control cabinet respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the battery rack divides the battery compartment into three parts: upper, middle, and bottom. The battery rack at the top of the battery compartment is equipped with a fire-fighting data concentrator, a compartment-level fire composite detector, a combustible gas detector, a water fire-fighting pipeline, a compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline, an explosion-proof camera, an explosion-proof light, and a temperature and humidity sensor. Among them, the compartment-level fire composite detector is used to detect CO, H2, VOC, temperature, and smoke, while the combustible gas detector is used to detect H2. The liquid-cooled battery PACK, high-voltage box and cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline are installed on the battery rack in the middle of the battery compartment. The liquid-cooled battery PACK is equipped with a PACK-level fire detector, which is used to detect temperature, smoke and CO. Busbars and water immersion sensors are installed on the battery rack at the bottom of the battery compartment; The fire-fighting data concentrator is connected to the PACK-level fire detector; the fire-fighting data concentrator is also connected to a fire alarm controller, and the cabin-level fire composite detector and the combustible gas detector are both connected to the fire alarm controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the fire protection system includes a pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder, which is connected to a compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline via a compartment-level perfluorohexanone electronic control switch for releasing perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent into the compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline, and is also connected to a cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline via a cluster-level perfluorohexanone electronic control switch for releasing perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent into the cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, both the cabin-level perfluorohexanone electronic control switch and the cluster-level perfluorohexanone electronic control switch are connected to the fire alarm controller.

[0008] Furthermore, a total of 8 liquid-cooled battery packs are installed on the battery rack in the middle of the battery compartment. Each group of 4 liquid-cooled battery packs is flexibly connected by a low-impedance copper busbar to form a battery cluster. A high-voltage box is installed at the bottom of every 2 battery clusters. Four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes form one battery stack.

[0009] Furthermore, a total of two battery stacks are installed in the battery compartment.

[0010] Furthermore, the device also includes a liquid cooling unit, a primary liquid cooling pipeline, a secondary liquid cooling pipeline, and a tertiary liquid cooling pipeline; The liquid cooling unit, the primary liquid cooling pipeline, the secondary liquid cooling pipeline, and the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline are connected in sequence; The liquid cooling primary pipeline runs through the battery rack at the bottom of the cooling chamber and battery compartment. The liquid cooling secondary pipeline is arranged between the battery racks. The liquid cooling tertiary pipeline branches from the liquid cooling secondary pipeline and directly connects to the quick-connect connector on the front panel of each liquid-cooled battery pack, sending the coolant into the internal flow channel of the liquid-cooled battery pack.

[0011] Furthermore, a through-ventilation fan is provided on the top of the first double-layer wall panel.

[0012] Furthermore, the front wall of the battery compartment is equipped with a dedicated exhaust fan and an explosion vent, and the rear wall of the battery compartment is equipped with dedicated air inlet louvers; Dedicated exhaust fans and dedicated air inlet louvers are installed diagonally on opposite sides of the battery compartment; the explosion vent is located at two-thirds of the height of the battery compartment.

[0013] Furthermore, the junction control room is also equipped with emergency lighting and a dehumidifying air conditioner; The control room is equipped with embedded venting do not enter indicator lights, audible and visual alarms, fire alarm controllers, gas concentration displays, emergency start / stop buttons, ventilation fan start / stop buttons, and manual fire alarm buttons on the locking bar door. The emergency start / stop button is used to quickly stop or start the spraying of pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinders; the ventilation fan start / stop button is used to control the operation of the dedicated ventilation fan; the manual fire alarm button is used to control the audible and visual alarm. The gas release "Do Not Enter" indicator, fire-fighting data concentrator, gas concentration display, and audible and visual alarm are all connected to the fire alarm controller.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: The large-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device provided in this application solves the problem of insufficient space utilization caused by unclear functional area division in existing systems by dividing the prefabricated cabin into a battery room and an electrical room, and further dividing the electrical room into a busbar control room and a cooling room. This achieves optimized functional zoning and modular layout within the cabin, thereby improving overall space efficiency.

[0015] This application solves the problems of high impedance and heat dissipation caused by traditional multi-strand wire connections by setting up a battery rack in the battery room and forming a battery cluster by flexibly connecting the liquid-cooled battery PACK through low-impedance copper busbars. It achieves synergistic optimization of current carrying capacity, temperature control effect and mechanical performance, while reducing the space occupied by cabling.

[0016] This application connects every two battery clusters to a high-voltage box, and every four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes form a battery stack. A total of two battery stacks are set up and connected to the combiner control cabinet respectively. This solves the problems of redundancy and high integration complexity in the existing system architecture, and realizes a two-layer dual-cluster layout of one compartment with two stacks and one frame with two clusters, thereby improving energy density and system reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the internal structure of the high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the internal structure of the high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an electrical schematic diagram of the high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device of the present invention.

[0023] Attached reference numerals: 1-Battery rack; 2-Liquid-cooled battery pack; 3-Firefighting data concentrator; 4-Compartment-level fire composite detector; 5-Combustible gas detector; 6-Cluster-level perfluorohexanone piping; 7-Liquid-cooled secondary piping; 8-Explosion vent; 9-Dedicated exhaust fan; 10-Grounding device; 11-Lifting device; 12-Drain hole; 13-High-pressure box; 14-Firefighting power supply box; 15-Storage perfluorohexanone cylinder; 16-Dedicated air inlet louvers; 17-Liquid-cooled unit; 18-Penetrating fan; 19- 20-Do Not Enter During Gas Release Indicator; 21-Audible and Visual Alarm; 22-Manifold Control Cabinet; 23-Dehumidifier; 24-Fire Alarm Controller; 25-Gas Concentration Display; 26-Emergency Start / Stop Button; 27-Ventilator Start / Stop Button; 28-Manual Fire Alarm Button; 29-Water Firefighting Pipeline; 30-Compartment-Grade Perfluorohexanone Pipeline; 31-Prefabricated Cabin; 32-Water Immersion Sensor; 33-Temperature and Humidity Sensor; 34-Explosion-Proof Camera; 35-Explosion-Proof Light; 36-Limit Switch; 37-Emergency Lighting. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the purpose, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments and accompanying drawings will be used to clearly and completely describe the technical solution protected by this application. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0025] This application provides a high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device. The technical solution proposed in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an internal structural diagram of a high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium-ion battery energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of this application, a high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium battery energy storage device is provided. The device includes: a standard 20-foot prefabricated cabin 30, which is divided into a battery room and an electrical room by a first double-layer wall panel. The electrical room is divided into a busbar control room and a cooling room by a second double-layer wall panel; the busbar control room is equipped with a busbar control cabinet 21, and the cooling room is equipped with a fire protection system; The battery compartment is equipped with a battery rack 1, and there are 4 sets of battery racks 1 inside the battery compartment. The battery rack 1 is made of metal alloy coated steel (ZAM), which is easy to form, easy to connect, and corrosion resistant, and is suitable for standardized production of prefabricated cabins 30.

[0027] This invention adopts a "plug-in lightweight" architecture, with non-load-bearing components connected by bolts and riveting, adaptable to multiple materials, eliminating stress integration risks and welding compatibility issues. The standard 20-foot functional zoning layout achieves a synergistic improvement in space utilization and energy density, and is compatible with side-by-side layouts. The liquid-cooled battery PACK2, high-voltage box 13, and combiner control cabinet 21 have all achieved standardized designs. Combined with a highly fixed cabin layout and standardized support frame, it can accommodate various large-capacity battery cells, meeting the integration needs of multiple scenarios including power generation, grid, and user sides.

[0028] The battery rack 1 is used to place liquid-cooled battery PACK2 and high-voltage box 13. Several liquid-cooled battery PACK2 are flexibly connected directly to form battery clusters through low-impedance copper busbars. Every two battery clusters are connected to one high-voltage box 13. Every four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes 13 form a battery stack. A total of two battery stacks are provided. The two battery stacks are connected to the combiner control cabinet 21 respectively.

[0029] Several liquid-cooled batteries PACK2 are flexibly connected directly to form battery clusters through low-impedance copper busbars; every two battery clusters are connected to a high-voltage box 13, adopting a "double-layer double-cluster + low-impedance direct connection" DC topology scheme, which improves the space utilization of the prefabricated cabin 30.

[0030] The PACK2 layout of liquid-cooled batteries adopts a double-layer, double-cluster design with "one compartment, two stacks, one frame, two clusters" to tap the potential of the prefabricated compartment within 30 square meters. The liquid-cooled battery PACK2 uses a flexible direct connection with low-impedance copper busbars to replace the traditional multi-strand wires in a distributed connection, optimizing current carrying capacity, temperature control and mechanical performance, while reducing the space occupied by cabling; the DC bus follows the principle of "independent convergence within the stack and physical isolation between stacks" to reduce electromagnetic interference.

[0031] Each battery rack 1 is equipped with 8 liquid-cooled battery packs 2. Every 4 liquid-cooled battery packs 2 are connected in series through a low-impedance copper busbar to form a battery cluster. Every two battery clusters share a high-voltage box 13.

[0032] The battery rack 1 divides the battery compartment into three parts: upper, middle, and bottom. The battery rack 1 at the top of the battery compartment is equipped with a fire-fighting data concentrator 3, a compartment-level fire composite detector 4, a combustible gas detector 5, a water fire-fighting pipeline 28, a compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 29, an explosion-proof camera 33, an explosion-proof light 34, a limit switch 35, and a temperature and humidity sensor 32; among them, the compartment-level fire composite detector 4 is used to detect CO, H2, VOC, temperature, and smoke, and the combustible gas detector 5 is used to detect H2. If the battery rack deforms due to thermal runaway and triggers the limit switch 35, it can be linked to the fire alarm controller 23 to activate the directional fire suppression of the cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6.

[0033] The liquid-cooled battery PACK2, high-voltage box 13 and cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6 are installed on the battery rack 1 in the middle of the battery compartment. The liquid-cooled battery PACK2 is equipped with a PACK-level fire detector, which is used to detect temperature, smoke and CO. A busbar and a water immersion sensor 31 are installed on the battery rack 1 at the bottom of the battery compartment.

[0034] The battery rack 1 in the upper part of the battery compartment has a fire-fighting data concentrator 3, a compartment-level fire composite detector 4, and a combustible gas detector 5 fixed to the top beam via brackets. The compartment-level fire composite detector 4 is connected to the fire alarm controller 23 via a CAN bus.

[0035] The fire-fighting data concentrator 3 is connected to the PACK-level fire detector; the fire-fighting data concentrator 3 is also connected to the fire alarm controller 23, and the cabin-level fire composite detector 4 and the combustible gas detector 5 are both connected to the fire alarm controller 23.

[0036] The PACK-level fire detector is connected to the fire-fighting data concentrator 3. The cabin-level fire composite detector 4 and the combustible gas detector 5 are connected to the fire alarm controller 23.

[0037] The fire protection system includes a pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15, which is connected to a compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 29 via a compartment-level perfluorohexanone electronic control switch for releasing perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent into the compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 29, and is also connected to a cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6 via a cluster-level perfluorohexanone electronic control switch for releasing perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent into the cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6.

[0038] The pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15 is installed in the manifold control room and connected to the compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 29 and the cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6 via a high-pressure hose. The compartment-level and cluster-level perfluorohexanone electrical control switches are solenoid valves, installed on the pipelines, and connected to the fire alarm controller 23 via cables.

[0039] Both the compartment-level and cluster-level perfluorohexanone (PFH) electronic control switches are connected to the fire alarm controller 23. The fire-fighting data concentrator 3 acts as a signal relay center, transmitting the temperature, smoke, and CO signals detected by the PACK-level fire detectors to the fire control center. The compartment-level fire composite detector 4 and the combustible gas detector 5 are directly connected to the fire alarm controller 23. Based on the fire signals received from the compartment-level fire composite detector 4, the PACK-level fire detector, and the combustible gas detector 5, the fire alarm controller 23 controls the opening and closing of the compartment-level and cluster-level PFH electronic control switches.

[0040] The fire can be quickly controlled by spraying perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent through pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15, cabin-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 29 and cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6, and the fire can be extinguished and cooled through water fire-fighting pipeline 28.

[0041] The fire alarm controller 23 receives signals from each detector and outputs a switching signal to drive the solenoid valve when a preset threshold is reached. The water fire protection pipeline 28 is connected to the plant's fire protection network.

[0042] The cooling chamber also includes a fire power supply box 14, which provides a 24V DC uninterruptible power supply to fire loads such as the compartment-level fire composite detector 4, combustible gas detector 5, audible and visual alarm 20, fire alarm controller 23, gas release do not enter indicator 19, and fire data concentrator 3, ensuring the continuous operation of the fire extinguishing control system in the early stage of a fire.

[0043] Eight liquid-cooled battery packs 2 are installed on each battery rack 1 in the middle of the battery compartment. Every four liquid-cooled battery packs 2 are flexibly directly connected via low-impedance copper busbars to form a battery cluster. The flexible direct connection via low-impedance copper busbars can replace the traditional multi-strand wire distributed connection, optimizing current carrying capacity, temperature control effect and mechanical performance, while reducing the space occupied by wiring in the compartment. A high-voltage box 13 is set at the bottom of every two battery clusters. Each high-voltage box 13 adopts the dual-cluster design principle of "cluster-level zoning and independent protection" to realize high-voltage circuit power control for every two battery clusters.

[0044] Four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes 13 form one battery stack, and two battery stacks are installed in the battery room.

[0045] Each battery rack 1 is divided into two layers along its height, with four liquid-cooled battery packs 2 placed on each layer. A high-voltage box 13 is installed at the bottom of the battery rack 1. The high-voltage box 13 contains two independent sets of fuses and contactors, which control the two battery packs respectively.

[0046] Combination Figure 1The battery packs are arranged in two layers horizontally, with four battery clusters in each layer, and in four columns horizontally, with two battery clusters in each column. This invention employs a dual-stack architecture, with each set of two battery clusters forming one battery stack, for a total of two sets of battery stacks. The DC bus follows the principle of "independent convergence within the stack and physical isolation between stacks." Within the same battery stack, the DC outputs of each battery cluster are connected in parallel through independent DC harnesses to the single-stack busbar of the busbar control cabinet 21, ensuring that the energy transmission paths of each battery cluster are relatively independent. Between different battery stacks, the DC outputs of each battery stack are physically isolated from the busbars through insulating materials, air gaps, etc., ensuring that each battery stack is relatively independent in the system's electrical circuit. This enables independent isolation of electrical faults, strictly limiting the fault range of a single stack, preventing the spread of faults between stacks, greatly improving the system's fault tolerance and reliability, and avoiding overall system paralysis due to local faults.

[0047] The liquid-cooled battery PACK2, high-voltage box 13, and combiner control cabinet 21 are built on an adaptive component architecture to create a standard modular sequence, which can achieve efficient deployment and multi-scenario adaptation. The high-voltage box 13 adopts a dual-cluster design of "cluster-level partitioning and independent protection", which can realize independent control of the two battery clusters on its upper part, from "two clusters as a whole" to "precise isolation of a single cluster", reducing the spread of risks.

[0048] The installation and electrical interfaces of the liquid-cooled battery PACK2, high-voltage box 13, and combiner control cabinet 21 are standardized. The high-voltage box 13 has two completely independent protection circuits, each containing fuses, circuit breakers, and contactors, which are controlled by the main control unit of the battery management system.

[0049] The bottom of the prefabricated cabin 30 is also equipped with a grounding device 10, a lifting device 11, and a drainage hole 12.

[0050] The combiner control cabinet 21 integrates two combiner control circuits, which connect the battery clusters in the battery stack to the energy storage converter.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, two battery stacks are set up, each connected to the energy storage converter through an isolation control circuit, supporting "dual stack" parallel bus and dual power supply; the dual stack architecture with independent DC parallel bus and dual power input architecture realizes seamless switching between main power (mains power) and backup power to ensure continuous power supply.

[0052] It includes two symmetrically arranged "pile-cluster" branches. Through the use of fuses, circuit breakers, contactors, etc., it achieves isolation at each level. Combined with the three-level physical isolation of liquid-cooled battery PACK2, battery cluster, and battery pile, it achieves rapid fault isolation.

[0053] The main positive and main negative busbars of the two sets of "stack-cluster" branches are led to the DC terminals of the corresponding energy storage converters through their respective independent copper busbars. Mechanical partitions are reserved between the two stack busbars to achieve dual-stack electrical isolation and single-stack maintenance.

[0054] The busbar control cabinet 21 contains two completely independent busbar control circuits, each containing a fuse, circuit breaker, and contactor. The main power supply and backup power supply are switched via an automatic transfer switch. The two DC outputs are connected to the DC input terminals of the energy storage converter via cables.

[0055] The device also includes a liquid cooling unit 17, a primary liquid cooling pipeline, a secondary liquid cooling pipeline 7, and a tertiary liquid cooling pipeline; The liquid cooling unit 17, the primary liquid cooling pipeline, the secondary liquid cooling pipeline 7, and the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline are connected in sequence; The primary liquid-cooled piping runs through the cooling chamber and the battery rack 1 at the bottom of the battery compartment. This primary piping is the main outlet of the liquid-cooling unit 17, responsible for delivering coolant from the unit to each battery rack 1 area. The secondary liquid-cooled piping 7 is arranged between the battery racks 1, horizontally connecting to the primary liquid-cooled piping. The tertiary liquid-cooled piping branches from the secondary piping 7 and directly connects to the quick-connect connector on the front panel of each liquid-cooled battery PACK2, delivering coolant into the internal flow channels of the PACK2 for individual cell cooling.

[0056] A through-ventilation fan 18 is installed on the top of the first double-layer wall panel. The through-ventilation fan 18 is installed on the top of the first double-layer wall panel and acts on both the battery compartment and the electrical compartment.

[0057] The through-ventilation fan 18 is installed at the pre-reserved opening at the top of the first double-layer wall panel and is fixed with bolts. The fan outlet is equipped with adjustable louvers, and the airflow direction is adjustable.

[0058] The front wall of the battery compartment is equipped with a dedicated exhaust fan 9 and an explosion vent 8, and the rear wall of the battery compartment is equipped with a dedicated air inlet louver 16. A dedicated exhaust fan 9 and a dedicated air inlet louver 16 are installed diagonally on opposite sides of the battery compartment. The liquid-cooled battery PACK2 is equipped with two PACK vent valves. The dedicated exhaust fan 9 and the PACK vent valves are installed on the same side, which can prevent combustible gas from flowing back and flooding into the entire compartment and avoid dead zones in the system exhaust. The PACK vent valves and the explosion vent 8 are arranged on the same side, and the explosion vent 8 is located at two-thirds of the height of the battery compartment, which can fully remove thermal runaway gas and reduce the loss of extinguishing agent.

[0059] A dedicated exhaust fan 9 and dedicated air inlet louvers 16 form an active ventilation system, which can proactively prevent the accumulation of risks. The dedicated exhaust fan 9 is installed on the front wall of the battery compartment, and the explosion vent 8 is installed in the middle of the front wall of the battery compartment. The dedicated air inlet louvers 16 are installed on the rear wall of the battery compartment. The PACK vent valve is installed on the front side of the liquid-cooled battery PACK2.

[0060] The junction control room is also equipped with emergency lighting 36 and dehumidifying air conditioner 22; The control room is equipped with an embedded gas release do not enter indicator 19, an audible and visual alarm 20, a fire alarm controller 23, a gas concentration display 24, an emergency start / stop button 25, a ventilation fan start / stop button 26, and a manual fire alarm button 27 on the lock bar door. Emergency start / stop button 25 is used to quickly stop or start the spraying of the pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15. When personnel intervene, the emergency start / stop button 25 can be used to quickly stop or start the spraying of the pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15. If the fire is still difficult to suppress, continuous spraying and cooling can be achieved through the water fire-fighting pipeline 28. Ventilation fan start / stop button 26 is used to control the operation of the dedicated exhaust fan 9; manual fire alarm button 27 is used to control the audible and visual alarm 20.

[0061] The do not enter indicator light 19 for venting gas, the fire data concentrator 3, the gas concentration display 24, and the audible and visual alarm 20 are all connected to the fire alarm controller 23.

[0062] This invention employs a three-level alarm strategy to accurately match the thermal runaway chain reaction process.

[0063] When the fire alarm controller 23 detects that the data detected by the PACK-level fire detector or the cabin-level fire composite detector 4 reaches the first-level alarm condition, the fire alarm controller 23 automatically identifies the liquid-cooled battery PACK2 that is alarming, but does not activate the audible and visual alarm 20, and only records the alarm information.

[0064] When the fire alarm controller 23 detects that the combustible gas detector 5 has detected hydrogen or reaches the level 2 alarm condition, it controls the fire alarm controller 23 to activate the audible and visual alarm 20 and the dedicated exhaust fan 9 to remove the combustible gas in the cabin.

[0065] Under Level 2 alarm conditions, when the manual fire alarm button 27 is pressed or Level 3 alarm conditions are met, the fire alarm controller 23 enters a countdown process, activates the audible and visual alarm 20 and shuts down the dedicated exhaust fan 9, opens the pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15 and the release do not enter indicator 19, and achieves three-stage submerged perfluorohexanone gas spraying and PACK-level pipeline directional point spraying through the cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 6 or the compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline 29.

[0066] PACK-level discharge strategy: The battery cluster containing the thermal runaway battery PACK is sprayed 3 times. The first discharge is about 24 kg (discharge time is about 24 seconds), the second discharge is about 8 kg (discharge time is about 8 seconds), and the third discharge is all discharged. There is a 5-minute interval between each discharge.

[0067] Cabin-level spraying strategy: The first spray is approximately 32 kg (spraying time 10 seconds), followed by a 1-minute interval, then a second spray of approximately 8 kg (3 seconds), followed by a 30-second interval, and finally a third spray to complete the entire load (once activated, it is not turned off). The first large-dose, continuous, and uniform spray (accounting for more than 40% of the total dose) aims to capture the golden window for fire control in the early stages of thermal runaway. Subsequent small-dose supplementary sprays focus on mitigating residual risks and preventing fire rebound.

[0068] When personnel intervene, the spraying of the pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder 15 can be quickly stopped or started by the emergency start / stop button 25. If the fire is still difficult to suppress, the system can be continuously sprayed and cooled through the water fire-fighting pipeline 28.

[0069] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0070] For those skilled in the art, designing different forms of control circuits according to the teachings of this invention does not require creative effort. Changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this invention still fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-capacity, high-efficiency lithium-ion battery energy storage device, characterized in that, The device includes: a prefabricated cabin (30), which is divided into a battery compartment and an electrical compartment by a first double-walled panel; The electrical room is divided into a busbar control room and a cooling room by a second double-layer wall panel; a busbar control cabinet (21) is installed in the busbar control room, and a fire protection system is installed in the cooling room; The battery room is equipped with a battery rack (1), which is used to place liquid-cooled battery PACK (2) and high-voltage box (13). Several liquid-cooled battery PACK (2) are flexibly connected directly to form a battery cluster through low-impedance copper busbars. Every two battery clusters are connected to a high-voltage box (13). Every four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes (13) form a battery stack. A total of two battery stacks are provided. The two battery stacks are connected to the combiner control cabinet (21).

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery rack (1) divides the battery compartment into three parts: upper, middle, and bottom. The battery rack (1) at the top of the battery compartment is equipped with a fire-fighting data concentrator (3), a compartment-level fire composite detector (4), a combustible gas detector (5), a water fire-fighting pipeline (28), a compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline (29), an explosion-proof camera (33), an explosion-proof light (34), and a temperature and humidity sensor (32); among them, the compartment-level fire composite detector (4) is used to detect CO, H2, VOC, temperature and smoke, and the combustible gas detector (5) is used to detect H2; The liquid-cooled battery PACK (2), high-voltage box (13) and cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline (6) are installed on the battery rack (1) in the middle of the battery room. The liquid-cooled battery PACK (2) is equipped with a PACK-level fire detector, which is used to detect temperature, smoke and CO. A busbar and a water immersion sensor (31) are installed on the battery rack (1) at the bottom of the battery compartment. The fire-fighting data concentrator (3) is connected to the PACK-level fire detector; the fire-fighting data concentrator (3) is also connected to the fire alarm controller (23), and the cabin-level fire composite detector (4) and the combustible gas detector (5) are both connected to the fire alarm controller (23).

3. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fire protection system includes a pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder (15), which is connected to a compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline (29) via a compartment-level perfluorohexanone electrical control switch for releasing perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent into the compartment-level perfluorohexanone pipeline (29), and is also connected to a cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline (6) via a cluster-level perfluorohexanone electrical control switch for releasing perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent into the cluster-level perfluorohexanone pipeline (6).

4. The apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the cabin-level perfluorohexanone electrical control switch and the cluster-level perfluorohexanone electrical control switch are connected to the fire alarm controller (23).

5. The apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Eight liquid-cooled battery packs (2) are installed on the battery rack (1) in the middle of the battery room. Each group of four liquid-cooled battery packs (2) are flexibly connected by a low-impedance copper busbar to form a battery cluster. A high-voltage box (13) is set at the bottom of each group of two battery clusters. Four battery clusters and two high-voltage boxes (13) together form a battery stack.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The battery room contains two battery stacks.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The device also includes a liquid cooling unit (17), a liquid cooling primary pipeline, a liquid cooling secondary pipeline (7), and a liquid cooling tertiary pipeline; The liquid cooling unit (17), the liquid cooling primary pipeline, the liquid cooling secondary pipeline (7) and the liquid cooling tertiary pipeline are connected in sequence; The liquid cooling primary pipeline is laid through the battery rack (1) at the bottom of the cooling chamber and battery compartment. The liquid cooling secondary pipeline (7) is arranged between the battery racks (1). The liquid cooling tertiary pipeline branches from the liquid cooling secondary pipeline (7) and is directly connected to the quick-connect connector on the front panel of each liquid-cooled battery PACK (2) to send the coolant into the internal flow channel of the liquid-cooled battery PACK (2).

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, A through-ventilation fan (18) is provided on the top of the first double-layer wall panel.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The front wall of the battery compartment is equipped with a dedicated exhaust fan (9) and an explosion vent (8), and the rear wall of the battery compartment is equipped with a dedicated air inlet louver (16). A dedicated exhaust fan (9) and a dedicated air inlet louver (16) are installed diagonally on opposite sides of the battery compartment; the explosion vent (8) is located at two-thirds of the height of the battery compartment.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The junction control room is also equipped with emergency lighting (36) and dehumidifying air conditioning (22); The control room is equipped with a gas release do not enter indicator (19), an audible and visual alarm (20), a fire alarm controller (23), a gas concentration display (24), an emergency start / stop button (25), a ventilation fan start / stop button (26), and a manual fire alarm button (27). Emergency start / stop button (25) is used to quickly stop or start the spraying of the pressurized perfluorohexanone cylinder (15); ventilation fan start / stop button (26) is used to control the operation of the dedicated ventilation fan (9); manual fire alarm button (27) is used to control the audible and visual alarm (20) to sound. The do not enter indicator light (19), fire data concentrator (3), gas concentration display (24), and audible and visual alarm (20) are all connected to the fire alarm controller (23).

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