Horizontal reactor heat extraction device and mobile reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal reactor heat export device and a mobile reactor, which can continuously dissipate heat for the horizontal reactor after the horizontal reactor is turned on its side during transportation. The horizontal reactor heat export device comprises a first shell, a second shell and a coolant. The first shell is fixedly covered on the outside of the horizontal reactor, a first heat dissipation flow channel is formed between the first shell and the horizontal reactor, and the first heat dissipation flow channel covers the outer surface of the horizontal reactor. The second shell is fixedly covered on the outside of the first shell, a second heat dissipation flow channel is formed between the second shell and the first shell, the second heat dissipation flow channel covers the outer surface of the first shell, and the second shell is in a cylindrical shape. The coolant is filled in the first heat dissipation flow channel and the second heat dissipation flow channel, and the coolant is a phase change material. The first shell is provided with a plurality of interlayer communication holes, and the plurality of interlayer communication holes are distributed on the entire first shell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear engineering technology, and in particular to a horizontal reactor heat removal device and a mobile reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile self-balancing reactors generate decay heat after operation, and it is necessary to ensure that the decay heat is removed even when they are in motion. Therefore, passive heat removal devices are usually installed to remove the decay heat from the reactor.

[0003] Currently, none of the heat removal devices for mobile self-balancing reactors have considered the possibility of traffic accidents during transportation. If a vehicle overturns, the change in the position of the heat removal device may cause it to lose its heat removal function, leading to fuel overheating, melting, and radioactive release in the reactor due to the inability to remove heat in time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a horizontal reactor heat removal device and a mobile reactor, which can continuously dissipate heat from the horizontal reactor after it overturns during transportation.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a horizontal reactor heat removal device, comprising a first shell, a second shell, and a coolant. The first shell is fixedly attached to the outside of the horizontal reactor, forming a first heat dissipation channel between the first shell and the horizontal reactor, and the first heat dissipation channel covers the outer surface of the horizontal reactor. The second shell is fixedly attached to the outside of the first shell, forming a second heat dissipation channel between the second shell and the first shell, and the second heat dissipation channel covers the outer surface of the first shell; the second shell is cylindrical in shape, and is capable of maintaining the horizontal reactor in a horizontal position after a rollover. The coolant is filled in the first and second heat dissipation channels; the coolant is a phase change material. The first shell is provided with interlayer connecting holes, and there are multiple interlayer connecting holes distributed throughout the first shell. The interlayer connecting holes are used to connect the first heat dissipation channel and the second heat dissipation channel, so that the liquid coolant in the first heat dissipation channel can absorb the heat of the horizontal reactor and vaporize, and then enter the second heat dissipation channel and exchange heat with the outside air through the second shell, and so that the coolant after heat exchange in the second heat dissipation channel can liquefy and enter the first heat dissipation channel.

[0006] In some embodiments, the material of the first housing includes a thermal insulation material, and / or the material of the second housing includes a thermally conductive material.

[0007] In some embodiments, a heat sink is provided on the outer surface of the second housing; and / or, a gas guide groove is provided on the outer surface of the second housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the interlayer connecting hole connects to the opening of the second heat dissipation channel to form a channel outlet, and the inner diameter of the channel outlet is a, where 1nm≤a≤100μm.

[0009] In some embodiments, a first hydrophobic layer is provided on the inner wall of the channel outlet to prevent the coolant from adhering.

[0010] In some embodiments, a second hydrophobic layer is provided on the outer surface of the first housing near the outlet of the channel to prevent the coolant from adhering.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the first housing is covered with a breathable membrane, which also covers the outlet of the interlayer connecting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the breathable membrane is made of a hydrophobic material that resists adhesion of the coolant.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first housing is made of a porous material, and the pores inside the porous material form the interlayer interconnecting pores.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first housing is made of a hydrophobic material that resists adhesion of the coolant.

[0015] In some embodiments, a third hydrophobic layer is provided on the outer surface of the first housing to resist the adhesion of the coolant.

[0016] In some embodiments, a fourth hydrophobic layer is provided on the inner surface of the second housing to resist the adhesion of the coolant.

[0017] In some embodiments, the material of the second housing is a hydrophobic material that resists adhesion of the coolant.

[0018] In some embodiments, the end faces at both ends of the second housing are smooth, outwardly convex surfaces.

[0019] In some embodiments, a capillary groove is provided on the inner surface of the second housing, and the extension direction of the capillary groove is the circumferential direction of the second housing.

[0020] Therefore, the horizontal reactor heat removal device provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a first shell to cover and fix the outside of the horizontal reactor, can form a first heat dissipation channel between the first shell and the horizontal reactor; by setting a second shell to cover and fix the outside of the first shell, a second heat dissipation channel can be formed between the second shell and the first shell. By setting the shape of the second shell to cylindrical, the second shell can maintain the horizontal reactor in a flat position after a rollover. By setting multiple interlayer connecting holes on the first shell, and distributing the multiple interlayer connecting holes throughout the first shell, the first heat dissipation channel and the second heat dissipation channel can be interconnected through the interlayer connecting holes when the second shell rolls to any state. By filling the first and second heat dissipation channels with coolant, and using a phase change material, the liquid coolant in the first heat dissipation channel can absorb the heat generated during the operation of the horizontal reactor and convert it into a gaseous state. Due to volume expansion and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the interlayer connecting holes, the gaseous coolant enters the second heat dissipation channel through the interlayer connecting holes. The gaseous coolant entering the second heat dissipation channel exchanges heat with the outside air through the second shell, which can convert the gaseous coolant back into a liquid state and cause it to fall back to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel. After accumulating at the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel, the liquid coolant re-enters the first heat dissipation channel through the interlayer connecting holes under its own liquid pressure or the capillary force of the interlayer connecting holes, and continues to circulate. This allows for continuous heat dissipation of the horizontal reactor, preventing the horizontal reactor from overheating, melting, and releasing radioactivity due to the inability to dissipate heat in time.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a mobile reactor, which includes a horizontal reactor and the horizontal reactor heat removal device mentioned in the first aspect, wherein the horizontal reactor heat removal device is fixed to the outside of the horizontal reactor.

[0022] The mobile reactor described above has the same beneficial technical effects as the horizontal reactor heat removal device provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this invention, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. Furthermore, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this invention.

[0024] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a mobile reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a mobile reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another mobile reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figures 4-5 A cross-sectional view of another mobile reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figures 6-7 This is a schematic diagram of another mobile reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Wherein, 1-Reactor core and in-core components; 2-Pressure vessel; 3-First shell; 4-Second shell; 5-Interlayer communication hole; 6-First heat dissipation channel; 7-Second heat dissipation channel; 8-Permeable membrane; 9-Capillary groove; 10-Coolant. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in some embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Where there is no conflict, the various embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0028] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated entries.

[0029] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] In describing some embodiments, the term "connection" and its derivative expressions may be used. The term "connection" should be interpreted broadly; for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The embodiments of the invention described herein are not necessarily limited to the content of this document.

[0031] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and the area of ​​regions are enlarged for clarity. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the areas of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a horizontal reactor heat removal device, which is applied in a horizontal reactor to remove heat from the reactor.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal reactor includes a pressure vessel 2 and a reactor core and in-core components 1, with the reactor core and in-core components 1 fixed inside the pressure vessel 2.

[0034] For example, the horizontal reactor is cylindrical in shape. During normal operation, the horizontal reactor is in a horizontal position, and the heat generated by the horizontal reactor is conducted to the outside through the outer surface of the pressure vessel 2.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat removal device for the horizontal reactor includes a first shell 3, a second shell 4, and a coolant 10. The first shell 3 is fixed to the outside of the horizontal reactor, forming a first heat dissipation channel 6 between the first shell 3 and the horizontal reactor, and the first heat dissipation channel 6 covers the outer surface of the horizontal reactor. The second shell 4 is fixed to the outside of the first shell 3, forming a second heat dissipation channel 7 between the second shell 4 and the first shell 3, and the second heat dissipation channel 7 covers the outer surface of the first shell 3; the second shell 4 is cylindrical in shape and can maintain the horizontal reactor in a horizontal position after a rollover. The coolant 10 is filled in the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7; the coolant 10 is a phase change material. The first shell 3 is provided with interlayer connecting holes 5, and there are multiple interlayer connecting holes 5 distributed throughout the first shell 3. The interlayer connecting holes 5 are used to connect the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7, so that the liquid coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 can absorb the heat of the horizontal reactor and vaporize, and then enter the second heat dissipation channel 7 and exchange heat with the outside through the second shell 4, and so that the coolant 10 after heat exchange in the second heat dissipation channel 7 can liquefy and enter the first heat dissipation channel 6.

[0036] For example, the horizontal reactor is cylindrical in shape, and the first shell 3 is cylindrical in shape, covering the entire outer surface of the horizontal reactor. It is understood that the shape of the first shell 3 can also be ellipsoidal.

[0037] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first shell 3 and the pressure vessel 2 of the horizontal reactor can be connected and fixed by a connecting rod, so that there is a first gap between the first shell 3 and the pressure vessel 2 of the horizontal reactor. The first gap is used to form a first heat dissipation channel 6, which surrounds the outside of the horizontal reactor. The heat generated by the horizontal reactor can heat the coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6, causing the liquid coolant 10 to vaporize into a gaseous coolant 10.

[0038] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second housing 4 is cylindrical in shape and covers the entire outer surface of the first housing 3.

[0039] Understandably, when the second shell 4 overturns, it will cause the first shell 3 and the horizontal reactor to roll together. Because the second shell 4 is cylindrical, it will remain in a horizontal position after rolling, thus ensuring that the horizontal reactor inside the second shell 4 also remains in a horizontal position after rolling, so as to maintain the normal operation of the horizontal reactor.

[0040] For example, the second housing 4 and the first housing 3 can be connected and fixed by a connecting rod to create a second gap between them. This second gap forms a second heat dissipation channel 7, which surrounds the entire outer surface of the first housing 3. The outer surface of the second housing 4 is in contact with the outside air, so the heat of the coolant in the second heat dissipation channel 7 can be exchanged with the outside air through the second housing 4.

[0041] For example, the coolant 10 can be a phase change material such as water, methanol, propane, refrigerant (such as R22, R32, R134a, etc.), or inert liquid (such as heptafluoroisopropylpentafluoroethyl ketone). The coolant 10 can change from liquid to gas after absorbing heat and from gas to liquid after releasing heat, so as to achieve heat transfer through phase change.

[0042] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, multiple interlayer connecting holes 5 can be evenly distributed on the first shell 3. This allows the first shell 3 to be provided with interlayer connecting holes 5 in the parts below or above the surface of the coolant 10 when the second shell 4 rolls to any position. This enables the gaseous coolant 10 to flow between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7 through the interlayer connecting holes 5 above the surface of the coolant 10, and enables the liquid coolant 10 to flow between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7 through the interlayer connecting holes 5 below the surface of the coolant 10. This ensures that the normal flow of coolant 10 between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7 can be maintained when the second shell 4 rolls to any position.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The solid arrows in the diagram indicate the flow path of coolant 10 between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7. Figure 2 The hollow arrows indicate the direction of external airflow. The working principle of the horizontal reactor heat removal device is as follows: First, it should be noted that the horizontal reactor acts as a heat source, and the air outside the second shell 4 acts as a cold source. The second heat dissipation channel 7 is closer to the outside than the first heat dissipation channel 6; therefore, the temperature of the gas in the second heat dissipation channel 7 is lower than the temperature of the gas in the first heat dissipation channel 6. When the gaseous coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 enters the second heat dissipation channel 7, it is cooled and condenses, causing the coolant 10 to change from a gaseous phase back to a liquid phase. This creates a pressure difference between the second heat dissipation channel 7 and the first heat dissipation channel 6. For example... Figure 2As shown, the heat generated during the operation of the horizontal reactor heats the liquid and gaseous coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 through the pressure vessel 2, causing the liquid coolant 10 to heat up and become gaseous coolant 10. Under the action of the aforementioned pressure difference, the gaseous coolant 10 flows through the interlayer communication hole 5 on the first shell 3 to the second heat dissipation channel 7. The gaseous coolant 10 flowing into the second heat dissipation channel 7 exchanges heat with the outside air through the second shell 4, thereby cooling the gaseous coolant 10 and converting it into liquid coolant 10. The liquid coolant 10 flows to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7 under the action of gravity. After continuous accumulation, the liquid coolant 10 enters the first heat dissipation channel 6 under its own liquid pressure and is further heated in the first heat dissipation channel 6, thereby realizing the circulation of coolant 10 between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7. This transfers the heat generated by the horizontal reactor from the first heat dissipation channel 6 to the second heat dissipation channel 7 and then to the outside through the second shell 4, achieving continuous heat dissipation of the horizontal reactor. This can prevent the reactor from overheating, melting, and releasing radioactivity due to the inability to dissipate heat in time. Furthermore, multiple interlayer connecting holes 5 are distributed throughout the first shell 3. After the horizontal reactor overturns due to a traffic accident, regardless of how the second shell 4 causes the first shell 3 and the horizontal reactor to roll, the coolant 10 can circulate between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7 after the horizontal reactor rolls and returns to a flat position, thereby continuously dissipating heat from the horizontal reactor.

[0044] Furthermore, the horizontal reactor heat removal device can avoid being affected by the external environment. That is, no matter where the horizontal reactor heat removal device is stable after rolling or is flooded, the liquid coolant 10 inside the horizontal reactor heat removal device is always kept at the bottom, so that the coolant 10 can carry out the evaporation-cooling cycle to dissipate heat from the horizontal reactor.

[0045] Therefore, the horizontal reactor heat removal device provided in this embodiment of the invention, by setting a first shell 3, which covers and fixes the outside of the horizontal reactor, can form a first heat dissipation channel 6 between the first shell 3 and the horizontal reactor; by setting a second shell 4, which covers and fixes the outside of the first shell 3, can form a second heat dissipation channel 7 between the second shell 4 and the first shell 3. By setting the shape of the second shell 4 as cylindrical, the second shell 4 can maintain the horizontal reactor in a flat position after a side roll. By setting multiple interlayer connecting holes 5 on the first shell 3, which are distributed throughout the first shell 3, the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7 can be interconnected through the interlayer connecting holes 5 when the second shell 4 rolls to any state. By filling the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7 with coolant 10, and the coolant 10 being a phase change material, the liquid coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 can absorb the heat generated during the operation of the horizontal reactor and convert it into gaseous coolant 10. Due to volume expansion and the pressure difference inside and outside the interlayer connecting hole 5, the gaseous coolant 10 enters the second heat dissipation channel 7 through the interlayer connecting hole 5. The gaseous coolant 10 entering the second heat dissipation channel 7 exchanges heat with the outside air through the second shell 4, which can cause the gaseous coolant 10 to be converted back into liquid coolant 10 and fall back to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7. After the liquid coolant 10 accumulates at the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7, it enters the first heat dissipation channel 6 again through the interlayer connecting hole 5 under its own liquid pressure or the capillary force of the interlayer connecting hole 5, and continues to circulate. This can continuously dissipate heat from the horizontal reactor and prevent the horizontal reactor from overheating, melting, and releasing radioactivity due to the inability to dissipate heat in time.

[0046] In some embodiments, the material of the first housing 3 includes thermal insulation material.

[0047] For example, the material of the first housing 3 includes foamed concrete, rock wool, etc.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the above configuration can reduce the heat transfer of the substances (gaseous and liquid coolant 10) inside the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7, maintain the temperature difference between the substances inside the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7, and prevent the gaseous coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 from being condensed, thereby maintaining the natural circulation of the gaseous and liquid coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7.

[0049] In some examples, the material of the second housing 4 includes a thermally conductive material.

[0050] For example, the material of the second housing 4 includes stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0051] With the above settings, as Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange rate between the material inside the second heat dissipation channel 7 and the external air can be increased, thereby quickly transferring the heat of the material inside the second heat dissipation channel 7 to the external air through the second shell 4. This allows the gaseous coolant 10 inside the second heat dissipation channel 7 to be quickly converted into liquid coolant 10 after cooling, thereby increasing the circulation speed of the coolant 10 between the first heat dissipation channel 6 and the second heat dissipation channel 7.

[0052] In some embodiments, a heat sink is provided on the outer surface of the second housing 4.

[0053] For example, the heat sink can be a heat sink fin or a heat sink rib.

[0054] The above settings can increase the contact area between the second housing 4 and the outside air, and increase the heat exchange rate between the second housing 4 and the outside air.

[0055] In some examples, a gas guide groove is provided on the outer surface of the second housing 4.

[0056] The gas guide channel extends in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal section of the cylindrical second shell 4, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the center line of the second shell 4.

[0057] With the above settings, the air outside the second housing 4 can be heated and rise along the direction of the gas guide groove, thereby increasing the flow speed of the air outside the second housing 4 and thus increasing the heat exchange rate between the second housing 4 and the outside air.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the interlayer connecting hole 5 connects to the opening of the second heat dissipation channel 7 to form a channel outlet, and the inner diameter of the channel outlet is a, where 1nm≤a≤100μm.

[0059] For example, the inner diameter 'a' of the channel outlet can be 1 nm, 100 nm, 1 μm, or 100 μm, etc.

[0060] With the above settings, the inner diameter of the channel outlet can be made smaller, preventing the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 from entering through the channel outlet of the interlayer connecting hole 5 and blocking the interlayer connecting hole 5.

[0061] In some embodiments, a first hydrophobic layer is provided on the inner wall of the channel outlet to prevent the adhesion of coolant 10.

[0062] For example, when the coolant 10 is water, the material of the first liquid-repellent layer is a hydrophobic material or a superhydrophobic material, and the first liquid-repellent layer can be formed on the inner wall of the interlayer connecting hole 5 by coating.

[0063] When the coolant 10 is a non-aqueous liquid, the material of the first liquid-repellent layer is a material that is resistant to adhesion of the coolant 10.

[0064] By setting the above, the surface tension of the liquid coolant 10 when it flows through the outlet of the channel can be increased, so as to ensure that the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 will not enter the interlayer connecting hole 5 under the action of surface tension when it flows from the outer surface of the first housing 3, thereby avoiding obstruction of the flow of gaseous coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6.

[0065] In some embodiments, a second hydrophobic layer is provided on the outer surface of the first housing 3 near the outlet of the channel to prevent the adhesion of coolant 10.

[0066] Similar to the first hydrophobic layer, the second hydrophobic layer is made of a material that resists the adhesion of coolant 10.

[0067] By setting the above, the surface tension of the liquid coolant 10 when it flows through the outlet of the channel can be increased, so as to ensure that the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 will not enter the interlayer connecting hole 5 under the action of surface tension when it flows from the outer surface of the first housing 3, thereby avoiding obstruction of the flow of gaseous coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6.

[0068] When the liquid coolant 10 flows to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7 and gathers, the liquid pressure of the liquid coolant 10 exceeds the surface tension at the opening of the interlayer connecting hole 5, thereby causing the liquid coolant 10 to re-enter the first heat dissipation channel 6.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the outer surface of the first housing 3 is covered with a breathable membrane 8, which also covers the outlet of the interlayer connecting hole 5.

[0070] The breathable membrane 8 has nanoscale micropores, which can isolate liquids while allowing gas to pass through.

[0071] With the above settings, the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 will not enter the interlayer connecting hole 5 under the action of surface tension when it flows over the outer surface of the first shell 3. At the same time, the gaseous coolant 10 in the first heat dissipation channel 6 can flow normally into the second heat dissipation channel 7 through the breathable membrane 8 on the outlet of the interlayer connecting hole 5.

[0072] In some embodiments, the material of the breathable membrane 8 is a liquid-repellent material that resists the adhesion of the coolant 10.

[0073] When the coolant 10 is water, the breathable membrane 8 is a waterproof and breathable membrane. When the coolant 10 is another liquid, the breathable membrane 8 is a breathable membrane that repels the coolant 10.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first shell 3 is made of a porous material, and the pores inside the porous material form interlayer interconnecting pores 5.

[0075] For example, the material of the first housing 3 can be a metallic porous material (such as aluminum foam) or a non-metallic porous material (such as silicon carbide ceramic porous material).

[0076] Porous materials are materials with a network structure consisting of interconnected or closed pores, which allow gases or liquids to pass through and have good thermal insulation properties.

[0077] With the above setup, the first shell 3 can be made directly using existing porous materials without the need to open interlayer connecting holes 5 on the first shell 3, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the first shell 3.

[0078] In some embodiments, the material of the first housing 3 is a hydrophobic material that resists the adhesion of the coolant 10.

[0079] As described above, the surface tension of the liquid coolant 10 flowing through the first housing 3 can be increased, and the resistance of the outer surface of the first housing 3 to the liquid coolant 10 can be reduced. This allows the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 to flow more quickly along the outer surface of the first housing 3 to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7.

[0080] In some embodiments, a third hydrophobic layer is provided on the outer surface of the first housing 3 to prevent the adhesion of coolant 10. Similar to the first hydrophobic layer, the material of the third hydrophobic layer is a material that prevents the adhesion of coolant 10.

[0081] As described above, the third hydrophobic layer can increase the surface tension of the liquid coolant 10 when it flows over the outer surface of the first housing 3, reduce the resistance of the outer surface of the first housing 3 to the liquid coolant 10, and allow the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 to flow more quickly along the outer surface of the first housing 3 to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7.

[0082] In some embodiments, a fourth hydrophobic layer is provided on the inner surface of the second housing 4 to prevent the adhesion of coolant 10.

[0083] Similar to the first hydrophobic layer, the fourth hydrophobic layer is made of a material that resists the adhesion of coolant 10.

[0084] The above settings can reduce the resistance of the liquid coolant 10 flowing downward along the inner surface of the second housing 4, allowing the cold liquid coolant 10 to flow to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7 more quickly.

[0085] In some embodiments, the material of the second housing 4 is a hydrophobic material that resists the adhesion of the coolant 10.

[0086] As described above, the surface tension of the liquid coolant 10 flowing over the inner surface of the second housing 4 can be increased, and the resistance of the inner surface of the second housing 4 to the liquid coolant 10 can be reduced. This allows the liquid coolant 10 in the second heat dissipation channel 7 to flow more quickly along the inner surface of the second housing 4 to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the end faces at both ends of the second housing 4 are smooth surfaces that bulge outwards.

[0088] For example, the end faces at both ends of the second housing 4 are semi-circular or ellipsoidal in shape.

[0089] With the above settings, the second casing 4 can eventually lie horizontally on the ground when it falls from a height, instead of standing upright on the ground. This ensures that after the second casing 4 causes the horizontal reactor to roll, the horizontal reactor will eventually remain in a horizontal position, and the horizontal reactor heat removal device will maintain its ability to remove heat from the horizontal reactor.

[0090] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a capillary groove 9 is provided on the inner surface of the second housing 4, and the extension direction of the capillary groove 9 is the circumferential direction of the second housing 4.

[0091] For example, after the second housing 4 has rolled and stabilized to a flat position, the extension direction of the capillary groove 9 is perpendicular to the center line of the second housing 4.

[0092] For example, the width of the capillary groove 9 is between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.

[0093] With the above configuration, the liquid coolant 10 on the inner surface of the second housing 4 can be guided by the capillary groove 9, so that the liquid coolant 10 can flow to the bottom of the second heat dissipation channel 7 more quickly.

[0094] Example 2: The present invention also provides a mobile reactor, which includes a horizontal reactor and the heat removal device of the horizontal reactor in Embodiment 1.

[0095] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal reactor includes a pressure vessel 2 and a reactor core and in-core components 1, with the reactor core and in-core components 1 fixed inside the pressure vessel 2.

[0096] Mobile reactors can be transported using flatbed trucks.

[0097] With the above-mentioned configuration, in the event of a traffic accident involving the flatbed truck transporting the mobile reactor causing the mobile reactor to overturn, the horizontal reactor heat removal device can convert the horizontal reactor from a rolling position to a flat position, thus maintaining the normal operation of the horizontal reactor. Furthermore, the horizontal reactor heat removal device can continuously dissipate heat from the horizontal reactor, preventing the fuel from overheating, melting, and releasing radioactivity due to the inability to remove heat in time, thereby improving the safety of the mobile reactor.

[0098] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A horizontal reactor heat removal device, characterized in that, include: The first shell (3) is fixed to the outside of the horizontal reactor, and a first heat dissipation channel (6) is formed between the first shell (3) and the horizontal reactor. The first heat dissipation channel (6) covers the outer surface of the horizontal reactor. The second shell (4) is fixed to the outside of the first shell (3), and a second heat dissipation channel (7) is formed between the second shell (4) and the first shell (3). The second heat dissipation channel (7) covers the outer surface of the first shell (3). The second shell (4) is cylindrical in shape and can maintain the horizontal reactor in a flat position after a side roll. and, Coolant (10) is filled in the first heat dissipation channel (6) and the second heat dissipation channel (7); the coolant (10) is a phase change material; The first shell (3) is provided with interlayer connecting holes (5), and there are multiple interlayer connecting holes (5) distributed throughout the first shell (3); the interlayer connecting holes (5) are used to connect the first heat dissipation channel (6) and the second heat dissipation channel (7), so that the liquid coolant (10) in the first heat dissipation channel (6) can absorb the heat of the horizontal reactor and vaporize, and then enter the second heat dissipation channel (7) and exchange heat with the outside air through the second shell (4), and so that the coolant (10) after heat exchange in the second heat dissipation channel (7) can liquefy and enter the first heat dissipation channel (6).

2. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the first housing (3) includes thermal insulation material, and / or the material of the second housing (4) includes thermally conductive material.

3. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the second housing (4) is provided with heat sinks; and / or, A gas guide groove is provided on the outer surface of the second housing (4).

4. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlayer connecting hole (5) connects to the opening of the second heat dissipation channel (7) to form a channel outlet, and the inner diameter of the channel outlet is a, 1nm≤a≤100μm.

5. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first hydrophobic layer is provided on the inner wall of the outlet of the channel to prevent the adhesion of the coolant (10).

6. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first housing (3) has a second hydrophobic layer on its outer surface near the outlet of the channel, which is designed to prevent the coolant (10) from adhering.

7. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the first housing (3) is covered with a breathable membrane (8), which also covers the outlet of the interlayer connecting hole (5).

8. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The material of the breathable membrane (8) is a hydrophobic material that resists the adhesion of the coolant (10).

9. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first shell (3) is made of a porous material, and the pores inside the porous material form the interlayer interconnecting pores (5).

10. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The material of the first housing (3) is a hydrophobic material that resists the adhesion of the coolant (10).

11. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third hydrophobic layer is provided on the outer surface of the first housing (3) to resist the adhesion of the coolant (10).

12. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the second housing (4) is provided with a fourth hydrophobic layer that resists the adhesion of the coolant (10).

13. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the second housing (4) is a hydrophobic material that resists the adhesion of the coolant (10).

14. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end faces of the second housing (4) are smooth surfaces that bulge outwards.

15. The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the second housing (4) is provided with capillary grooves (9), and the extension direction of the capillary grooves (9) is the circumferential direction of the second housing (4).

16. A mobile reactor, characterized in that, include: Horizontal reactor; and, The horizontal reactor heat removal device according to any one of claims 1-15 is fixed on the outside of the horizontal reactor.

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