Antenna module and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna module and an electronic device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna module comprises a first radiator, a conductive part, a first feed source and a second feed source; the conductive part is electrically connected with the first feed source; the first radiator comprises a first end, a first part, a second part and a second end in sequence; a feed point of the second feed source is arranged close to the second end of the first radiator; the conductive part is coupled with the second section of the first radiator respectively; the electric length of the conductive part is greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of a first frequency band and less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band; when the first feed source provides an excitation signal to the conductive part, a radiation signal of the first frequency band is excited on the first section of the first radiator; the first section is a section between the first end and the first part of the first radiator; when the second feed source provides an excitation signal to the first radiator, a radiation signal of a second frequency band is excited on the first radiator; the second frequency band is lower than the first frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an antenna module and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, antenna layout space on electronic devices such as mobile phones is very limited. With the development of communication technology, the same electronic device needs to be compatible with multiple communication frequency bands. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate antennas of multiple frequency bands into the same antenna stub and use matching devices to achieve impedance matching for each frequency band. For example, antennas for four frequency bands—N78, WIFI 5G, WIFI 2.4G, and GPS-L1—can be integrated into the top bezel of a mobile phone. To achieve impedance matching for each frequency band, a complex matching network is required, which increases the loss of the matching devices and worsens the mutual interference between frequency bands. The radiation performance of each frequency band cannot be optimized independently. In addition, combining frequency bands increases the cost of the combiner and causes a decrease in RF conducted performance, thus affecting the antenna's over-the-air (OTA) test performance.

[0003] In summary, in related technologies, the scheme of integrating multiple frequency bands into the same antenna stub makes it difficult to balance the antenna performance of each frequency band, resulting in poor radiation performance of antennas in each frequency band. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an antenna module and electronic device that can solve the problem of poor radiation performance of antennas in different frequency bands in related technologies where multiple frequency bands are integrated into the same antenna stub.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna module, including: a first radiator, a conductive element, a first feed source, and a second feed source; The conductive component is electrically connected to the first feed source; The first radiator includes a first end, a first part, a second part, and a second end in sequence. The distance between the feed point of the second feed source and the second end of the first radiator is less than the distance between the feed point of the second feed source and the first end of the first radiator. The conductive element is coupled to the second segment of the first radiator, wherein the second segment is the segment between the first part and the second part, and the electrical length of the conductive element is greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band and less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. Wherein, when the first feed source provides an excitation signal to the conductive component, a radiation signal of the first frequency band is excited on the first segment of the first radiator, and the first segment is the segment between the first end of the first radiator and the first part. When the second feed source provides an excitation signal to the first radiator, a second frequency band of radiation signal is excited on the first radiator, the second frequency band being lower than the first frequency band.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, which includes an antenna module and a metal frame as described in the first aspect, wherein a first radiator and a second radiator in the antenna module are disposed on the metal frame.

[0007] In this embodiment, the first-band antenna reuses a portion of the first radiator of the second-band antenna as the antenna radiator, which reduces the layout space of the first-band and second-band antennas. Furthermore, the second-band antenna utilizes the entire first radiator to achieve the second-band antenna mode, while the first-band antenna reuses a second segment of the first radiator to achieve the first-band antenna mode. By feeding the conductive element with the first feed source and through the coupling between the conductive element and the first and second parts of the first radiator, the first-band radiated signal is excited on the first segment of the first radiator, reducing the influence of the first-band antenna mode on the second-band antenna mode. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first-band and second-band antennas can be integrated into the first antenna radiator, reducing the influence between them and improving their radiation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of antenna deployment on a foldable screen phone in related technologies; Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the antenna module in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the antenna module in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows the distribution of the antenna module on the metal frame of the electronic device. Figure 5 It is the impedance circle diagram of the first frequency band antenna when fed by a monopole antenna coupling; Figure 6 This is the impedance circle diagram of the first frequency band antenna when using a loop antenna coupled with a feed. Figure 7 This is the third schematic diagram of the antenna module in some embodiments of this application; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Antenna parameter curves for the first frequency band antenna in the antenna module shown; Figure 9 yes Figure 7Impedance circle diagram of the first frequency band antenna in the antenna module shown; Figure 10 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the first frequency band antenna in the antenna module shown. Figure 11 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the antenna module in some embodiments of this application; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 The impedance circle diagram of the first frequency band antenna when the second switch module in the antenna module shown is in the off state; Figure 13 yes Figure 11 The antenna parameters of the first frequency band antenna are compared when the second switch module in the antenna module is in the off state or the matching network is on. Figure 14 yes Figure 11 The diagram shows a comparison of the radiation efficiency of the first frequency band antenna when the second switch module in the antenna module is in the off state or the matching network is on. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0010] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0011] like Figure 1As shown, in related technologies, foldable screen phones are limited by the hinge structure 500 between the main screen 300 and the secondary screen 400, resulting in a loss of vertical side space on the hinge side for antenna layout. This further compresses the antenna layout space on the phone. In related technologies, antennas 21# and 22# integrate four frequency bands (N78 / WIFI5G / WIFI2.4G / GPS-L1) at the top of the main screen 300, making the antenna matching network extremely complex. The mutual interference between frequency bands worsens, and each frequency band cannot be optimized independently, such as the narrow bandwidth of WiFi5G. In addition, combining the frequency bands will increase the cost of the combiner and cause a decrease in the RF end conduction index, thereby affecting the antenna OTA index.

[0012] In related technologies, GPS-L1 / WIFI2.4G / N78 / N79 may be integrated in antenna #21, while WiFi5G and N78 are integrated in antenna #13. However, this also presents the problem of combining four frequency bands, making it impossible to optimize the performance of each frequency band individually. For example, it is impossible to optimize the narrow bandwidth of N78 or the shallow impedance of 2.4G.

[0013] It is evident that the limited space for antenna layout on electronic devices necessitates the use of multi-band antenna combining designs, such as quad-band combining. The matching network used in this design is overly complex, making debugging difficult, and impedance and bandwidth cannot be fully balanced, leading to mutual interference and deterioration in efficiency. Furthermore, multi-band combining also further sacrifices the conducted power and sensitivity at the RF end.

[0014] In this embodiment, the first frequency band and the second frequency band can be separated, that is, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are not combined. The layout space of the first radiator is used to add a separate antenna for the first frequency band without affecting the antenna performance of the second frequency band. In other words, the existing antenna radiator aperture of the second frequency band antenna is reused. While independently exciting the first frequency band, the excitation signal of the first frequency band can also effectively suppress the excitation of the second frequency band mode by the excitation signal of the first frequency band, so as not to affect the second frequency band. At the same time, the antenna performance of the first frequency band independently fed to the conductive component can be improved, and the antenna structure design is more flexible.

[0015] The antenna module and electronic device provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0016] See Figure 2 An antenna module provided in this application includes: a first radiator 1, a conductive element 2, a first feed 20#, and a second feed 14#. Conductive component 2 is electrically connected to the first feed source 20#; The first radiator 1 includes a first end F, a first part K1, a second part E, and a second end C in sequence. The distance between the feed point of the second feed source 14# and the second end C of the first radiator 1 is less than the distance between the feed point of the second feed source 14# and the first end F of the first radiator 1. The conductive element 2 is coupled to the second segment K1E of the first radiator 1, wherein the second segment K1E is the segment between the first part K1 and the second part E, the electrical length of the conductive element 2 is greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, and the electrical length of the conductive element 2 is less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. Among them, when the first feed source 20# provides an excitation signal to the conductive component 2, the first frequency band radiation signal is excited on the first segment EF of the first radiator 1, and the first segment EF is the segment between the first end F and the first part E of the first radiator 1. When the second feed source 14# provides an excitation signal to the first radiator 1, a second frequency band radiation signal is excited on the first radiator 1, which is lower than the first frequency band.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first feed 20# represents the feed sourcing of the first frequency band antenna. This first frequency band can be a higher frequency band, such as a cellular communication band or a GPS communication band. For ease of explanation, this embodiment uses the WiFi 5G band as an example. Of course, in other embodiments, the first frequency band may also be other higher frequency bands such as N79; therefore, the first frequency band is not specifically limited here.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second feed 14# represents the feed of the second frequency band antenna. This second frequency band can be a lower frequency band, such as a cellular communication band or a GPS communication band. Furthermore, the second frequency band may include one or at least two communication bands. For ease of explanation, this embodiment uses the example of the second frequency band including the mid-to-high frequency MHB band and the B32 band. Of course, in other embodiments, the second frequency band may also include other low-frequency bands such as the low-frequency LB band; therefore, the second frequency band is not specifically limited here.

[0019] In some implementations, the electrical length of the first radiator 1 is half the wavelength of the second frequency band. For example, the electrical length of the first radiator 1 is half the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the second frequency band. In this case, the first radiator 1 serves as the radiating body of the half-wave mode of the second frequency band antenna.

[0020] In some embodiments, the conductive element 2 is coupled to the second segment K1E by providing electrical structures such as metal tongues and metal springs at the first part K1 and the second part E respectively. These electrical structures extend toward the conductive element 2 and are spaced apart from the conductive element 2, and are at least partially stacked along the z-direction, where the z-direction is the width direction of the coupling gap. In this way, there is an overlapping area between the conductive element 2 and the electrical structure along the z-direction, which can form a coupling. By coupling the conductive element 2 to the electrical structure, and the electrical structure being electrically connected to the first part K1 and the second part E respectively, the conductive element 2 can be coupled to the second segment K1E, thereby using the conductive element 2 to achieve coupling excitation of the second segment K1E.

[0021] In other embodiments, the conductive element 2 can be at least one layer of PCB trace on the motherboard of an electronic device, which can have multiple layers of PCB trace, such as 4 layers or 8 layers. In this case, the conductive element 2 is coupled to the second segment K1E by setting electrical structures such as metal tongues and metal springs at the first part K1 and the second part E respectively, and these electrical structures extend to the motherboard and are electrically connected to another layer of PCB trace on the motherboard other than the conductive element 2. In this way, by coupling the PCB trace that serves as the conductive element 2 to the PCB trace that is electrically connected to the first part K1 and the second part E respectively, the conductive element 2 can be coupled to the second segment K1E, thereby using the conductive element 2 to achieve coupling excitation of the second segment K1E.

[0022] In some embodiments, the conductive element 2 may include PCB traces disposed on the front side of the motherboard, while the PCB traces electrically connected to the first part K1 and the second part E may be disposed on the back side of the motherboard. For example, the conductive element 2 may include PCB traces disposed on the surface of the motherboard facing the battery cover, while the PCB traces electrically connected to the first part K1 and the second part E may be disposed on the surface of the motherboard facing the screen.

[0023] Optionally, when the conductive component 2 includes at least two layers of PCB traces, these at least two layers of PCB traces can be connected through metal vias. This shortens the gap between the conductive component 2 and the PCB traces on the back of the motherboard compared to a conductive component 2 with only one layer of PCB traces, thereby increasing the coupling between the conductive component 2 and the PCB traces on the back of the motherboard. This increases the coupling between the conductive component 2 and the second segment K1E. Therefore, the coupling between the conductive component 2 and the second segment K1E can be flexibly adjusted by changing the number of PCB trace layers included in the conductive component 2.

[0024] In some embodiments, the coupling amount between the conductive element 2 and the first part K1 on the second segment K1E is greater than the coupling amount between the conductive element 2 and the second part E on the second segment K1E. This can be achieved by making the gap between the conductive element 2 and the PCB trace or electrical structure electrically connected to the first part K1 smaller than the gap between the conductive element 2 and the PCB trace or electrical structure electrically connected to the second part E.

[0025] For example: Suppose that the motherboard includes a first layer of PCB traces, a second layer of PCB traces, a third layer of PCB traces and a fourth layer of PCB traces from front to back, and the PCB trace that serves as conductive component 2 is located on the first layer of PCB traces, then the PCB trace that is electrically connected to the first part K1 can be located on the second layer of PCB traces, and the PCB trace that is electrically connected to the second part E can be located on the third layer of PCB traces or the fourth layer of PCB traces.

[0026] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 or Figure 10 As shown, the coupling amount between conductive element 2 and the first part K1 on the second segment K1E is greater than the coupling amount between conductive element 2 and the second part E on the second segment K1E. This can be achieved by making the area of ​​the first part 201 of conductive element 2 greater than the area of ​​the second part 202. The first part 201 is used for coupling with PCB traces or electrical structures electrically connected to the first part K1, and the second part 202 is used for coupling with PCB traces or electrical structures electrically connected to the second part E.

[0027] In some implementations, a matching network can be loaded onto the first radiator 1 to achieve tuning of the second frequency band, for example: Figure 3 The fourth switch module SW1 shown can realize the tuning function of HB, and / or, as Figure 3 The second switch module SW4 shown can realize the tuning function of B32 and MB.

[0028] The matching networks in the fourth switch module SW1 and the second switch module SW4 have the same functional principle as the matching networks used for antenna tuning in related technologies, and will not be described again here.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the first frequency band is separated from the second feed 14# and fed separately to the conductive element 2. The coupling between the conductive element 2 and the first part K1 and the second part E on the first radiator 1 is used to excite the first segment FE of the first radiator 1 to radiate the first frequency band signal. This method reduces the number of frequency bands combined in the second feed 14#, which can reduce the tuning difficulty of the second frequency band antenna. This simplifies the complexity of the matching network in the fourth switch module SW1 and the second switch module SW4, reduces the matching device loss caused by the matching network in the fourth switch module SW1 and the second switch module SW4, and improves the performance of the second frequency band antenna.

[0030] In some embodiments, the feed point of the second feed source 14# can be the second end C of the first radiator 1. Of course, the feed point of the second feed source 14# can also be located in any region on the first radiator 1 located at the second part E facing the second end C of the first radiator 1. For ease of explanation, in the embodiments of this application, the feed point of the second feed source 14# is usually taken as an example of the second end C of the first radiator 1, which does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0031] In some embodiments, the conductive element 2 can be any material layer that can couple with the first segment FD, such as flexible printed circuit (FPC) traces or metal plates.

[0032] In some embodiments, the electrical length of the conductive element 2 is greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, and the electrical length of the conductive element 2 is less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the sum of the length W1 of the first part 201 of the conductive element 2 along the X-axis and the length W2 of the second part 202 of the conductive element 2 along the X-axis is less than half the wavelength of the first frequency band. In this way, the conductive element 2 can meet the coupling requirements of the first frequency band signal and will not generate high-order harmonics.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first-band antenna reuses a portion of the first radiator 1 of the second-band antenna as the antenna radiator, which reduces the layout space of the first-band and second-band antennas. Furthermore, the second-band antenna utilizes the entire first radiator 1 to achieve the second-band antenna mode, while the first-band antenna reuses the first segment FE of the first radiator 1 to achieve the first-band antenna mode. By feeding the first feed source 20# to the conductive element 2 and through the coupling between the conductive element 2 and the first radiator 1, the first-band radiated signal is excited on the first segment FE of the first radiator 1, reducing the influence of the first-band antenna mode on the second-band antenna mode. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first-band and second-band antennas can be integrated into the first antenna radiator 1, reducing the influence between them and improving their radiation performance.

[0034] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the antenna module provided in this embodiment of the application further includes: a first switch module SW4; The second part E of the first radiator 1 is grounded through the first switch module SW4, and the electrical length of the second segment K1E is 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The passband of the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module SW4 includes the first frequency band, and the stopband of the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module SW4 includes the second frequency band.

[0035] It should be noted that the passband of the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module SW4 includes the first frequency band. Thus, when the first switching module SW4 is in the off state, the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module SW4 is equivalent to a short circuit to the first frequency band. This allows the excitation signal of the first frequency band to be grounded through the first switching module SW4, suppressing the current of the first frequency band excited on the first radiator 1 from flowing towards the second end C of the second part E. Furthermore, the electrical length of the second segment K1E is 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. Therefore, looking towards the second part E from the first part K1 position, it is equivalent to a high-impedance state relative to the first frequency band, further suppressing the current of the first frequency band excited on the first radiator 1 from flowing towards the second end C of the second part E. By suppressing the current of the first frequency band excited on the first radiator 1 from flowing towards the second end C of the second part E, the current of the first frequency band excited on the first radiator 1 can be more concentrated within the first segment FE, better exciting the body radiation mode of the first frequency band.

[0036] Furthermore, the stopband of the turn-off capacitor of the first switch module SW4 includes the second frequency band. Thus, when the first switch module SW4 is in the off state, the current of the second frequency band excited on the first radiator 1 will not go to ground through the first switch module SW4, thereby not affecting the radiation mode of the second frequency band.

[0037] In some implementations, in addition to the aforementioned off state, the first switch module SW4 may also include an on state. For example, if a matching network is set in the first switch module SW4, the sub-bands in the second frequency band can be tuned through the first switch module SW4. For instance, if the second frequency band includes MHB and B32, the tuning of B32 or MB of the second feed 14# can be achieved through the matching network in the first switch module SW4.

[0038] In some implementations, the switching state of the first switch module SW4 can be determined according to the actual operating mode of the antenna module. For example, when the first frequency band antenna is working and the second frequency band antenna is not working, or when the sub-frequency band in which the second frequency band antenna is working does not require tuning using the first switch module SW4, the first switch module SW4 can be controlled to be in the off state. Alternatively, when the sub-frequency band in which the second frequency band antenna is working requires tuning using the first switch module SW4, the first switch module SW4 can be controlled to connect the tuning path in the matching network required for matching tuning.

[0039] In this embodiment, the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module SW4 can be used to effectively ground the first frequency band, concentrating the excitation current of the first frequency band within the first segment FE. This can better excite the body radiation mode of the first frequency band and reduce the influence of the first frequency band signal on the radiation mode of the second frequency band.

[0040] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the antenna module provided in this embodiment further includes: a second radiator 3 and a third feed source 4; The second end G of the second radiator 3 is opposite to the first end F of the first radiator 1, and there is a first gap 10 between the second end G of the second radiator 3 and the first end F of the first radiator 1. The third feed 4 is electrically connected to the third part K2 of the second radiator 3. The electrical length of the third segment K2G of the second radiator 3 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The third segment K2G is the segment of the second radiator 3 located between the third part K2 and the second end G of the second radiator 3. When the third feed source 4 provides an excitation signal to the second radiator 3, a radiation signal of the third frequency band is excited on the second radiator 3 and / or a radiation signal of the fourth frequency band is excited on the third segment K2G, wherein the third frequency band is lower than the fourth frequency band and the fourth frequency band is lower than the first frequency band.

[0041] The third feed 4 includes a first sub-feed 21# and a second sub-feed 22#. The first sub-feed 21# is used to excite the radiation mode of the third frequency band, and the second sub-feed 22# is used to excite the radiation mode of the fourth frequency band. In this case, the first sub-feed 21# represents the feed of the third frequency band antenna, and the second sub-feed 22# represents the feed of the fourth frequency band antenna.

[0042] For example, when the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, the first sub-feed 21# is used to excite the radiation mode of the N78 band, and the second sub-feed 22# is used to excite the radiation mode of the L1 and WiFi 2.4G bands.

[0043] Of course, the third and fourth frequency bands can also be other frequency bands or combinations of other frequency bands. For ease of explanation, in this embodiment, the third frequency band is the N78 frequency band and the fourth frequency band is the L1 and WiFi 2.4G frequency band, which is used as an example for illustration. No specific limitation is made here.

[0044] In some embodiments, the electrical length of the second radiator 3 is 1 / 4 wavelength of the third frequency band, such as when the electrical length of the second radiator 3 is 1 / 4 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the third frequency band. In this case, the second radiator 3 serves as a main radiator stub of the third frequency band antenna.

[0045] It is worth mentioning that the electrical length of the third segment K2G is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. Alternatively, the electrical length of the third segment K2G can be slightly greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. In this way, based on the first gap 10, the third segment K2G can form a corresponding auxiliary parasitic stub for the first frequency band antenna. Furthermore, the electrical length of the third segment K2G can also take into account the electrical length requirements of the N78 frequency band of the first sub-feed 21# and the initial impedance.

[0046] For example: Suppose the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, and the fourth frequency band includes the N78 band. By making the electrical length of the third segment K2-G slightly larger than 1 / 4 wavelength of the WiFi 5G mode, the third segment K2-G can be excited as both the main radiator of the N78 antenna and part of the WiFi 5G antenna, based on the proximity of the N78 and WiFi 5G frequency bands.

[0047] It should be noted that, taking the first frequency band as the WiFi 5G band and the second frequency band as the MHB band as an example, since the first radiator 1 has the MHB feed from the second feed source 14#, and the MHB utilizes the dipole mode of the entire first radiator, if the feed point of the first feed source 20# is set at the first part K1 of the first radiator 1, it will greatly affect the dipole mode of the MHB. Therefore, complex matching isolation needs to be added to the feed path of the first feed source 20# to reduce the impact on the dipole mode of the MHB. However, complex matching isolation will reduce the radiation performance of the MHB antenna by 0.5-1dB, so this solution is not feasible. In this embodiment, by setting the feed point of the first feed source 20# at the conductive element 2, and coupling the conductive element 2 with the first radiator 1, a coupled feed design is formed. This solution allows the WiFi 5G antenna to reuse part of the radiator of the MHB antenna, such as the segment between the second end H of the second radiator 3 and the first part K1, without affecting the performance of the MHB antenna.

[0048] In this embodiment, the third segment K2G on the second radiator 3 can be reused to form the aperture auxiliary parasitic branch of the first frequency band antenna, thereby improving the aperture efficiency of the first frequency band antenna.

[0049] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first end of the conductive element 2 is flush with the first end F of the first radiator 1, and the first feed source 20# is electrically connected to the first end of the conductive element 2, while the second end of the conductive element 2 is grounded. At this time, the conductive element 2 forms a coupling body for a loop-shaped trace.

[0050] It is worth noting that the strength of the antenna-coupled feed excitation mode is related to the feed position and the amount of coupling. With a constant coupling amount, using electric field coupling (monopole antenna) to feed the high-resistivity region of the radiation mode on the frame results in strong excitation of that mode, classifying it as strong coupling. Conversely, using magnetic field coupling (loop antenna) to feed the high-resistivity region of the radiation mode on the frame results in weak excitation of that mode, classifying it as weak coupling. In this embodiment, the conductive element 2 forms a loop-shaped coupling body, which uses magnetic field coupling (loop antenna) to feed the high-resistivity region of the radiation mode of the first radiator 1. This results in weak excitation of that mode, classifying it as weak coupling. It will not excite the higher-order modes of the second frequency band or the fourth frequency band in subsequent embodiments, so it has virtually no impact on the first and fourth frequency band antennas.

[0051] For example: Assuming the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, the second frequency band includes the MHB and B32 bands, and the fourth frequency band includes the N78 band, then the main radiator of the MHB antenna is the first radiator 1, and the parasitic radiators include the second radiator 3. Since the feed point of the first feed source 20# is located at the end of the main radiator of the MHB antenna (i.e., the first radiator 1), which is in the high-resistivity region of the MHB antenna's radiation mode, if monopole-line coupled feeding (i.e., electric field coupling) is used, it will excite the stronger MHB mode and the higher-order N78 mode, significantly affecting the MHB band and the N78 band of the second sub-feed source 14#. However, in this embodiment, loop-type line coupled feeding (i.e., magnetic field coupling) is used, which is a weak coupling excitation and will not excite the higher-order modes of the MHB and N78 bands. Therefore, it has virtually no impact on the MHB band and the N78 band of the second sub-feed source 14#. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The figures show the initial impedances of the first feed source #20 in the WIFI 5G band under monopole antenna coupling and loop antenna coupling feeds, respectively: From Figure 5 It can be seen that the 5G WIFI frequency bands using monopole antenna coupling feed have many parasitic loops on the impedance, such as at 1.75G, 2.9G, and 3.8G, with the parasitic loop at 3.8G being particularly large; from Figure 6 It can be seen that the impedance of the WiFi 5G band using loop antenna coupling is relatively clean, with no parasitic loop in MHB and a very small parasitic loop in 3.8G, and the impedance loops are all located on the outside. This indicates that the excitation of the MHB and N78 band modes by using loop antenna coupling for the first feed source 20# is very weak. In other words, when the first band antenna reuses the first segment FK1 of the first radiator 1 as the main radiator and reuses the third segment K2G of the second radiator 3 as the parasitic radiator, by using loop antenna coupling for the first feed source 20#, it can excite WiFi 5G while also effectively suppressing the excitation of MHB and N78 modes. Therefore, its feed path does not need to be equipped with complex isolation devices, and it can achieve the goal of basically not affecting the performance of other antennas.

[0052] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the antenna module in this embodiment of the application further includes: a first capacitor C1 and a second switch module SW5; The first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is electrically connected to the third part K2 through the first capacitor C1, and the second terminal of the second switch module SW5 is grounded.

[0053] In some implementations, when it is not necessary to radiate antenna signals in the third and fourth frequency bands, the radiation efficiency of the second frequency band antenna can be improved by connecting the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 to the second terminal of the second switch module SW5. Specifically, when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the excitation signal provided by the third feed source 4 is grounded through the second switch module SW5. In this case, the antenna module of this embodiment does not radiate antenna signals in the third and fourth frequency bands.

[0054] In some implementations, when it is necessary to radiate antenna signals of the third and fourth frequency bands, the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 can be electrically disconnected from the second terminal of the second switch module SW5. In this way, the excitation signal provided by the third feed source 4 can be transmitted to the second radiator 3. At this time, the antenna module of this embodiment can radiate the antenna signals of the third and fourth frequency bands, and the first capacitor C1 and the turn-off capacitor of the second switch module SW5 are loaded on the second radiator 3, so that the third segment K2G constitutes the parasitic radiating branch of the antenna of the first frequency band.

[0055] In some implementations, the entire second radiator 3 can serve as a parasitic stub to the first radiator 1, allowing the second band antenna to radiate using the dipole mode of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3, thereby increasing the radiating aperture of the second band antenna.

[0056] In some implementations, the first capacitor C1 is equivalent to a short circuit to the second frequency band, that is, the passband of the first capacitor C1 includes the second frequency band. In this way, when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the reverse current of the second frequency band on the second radiator 3 can be grounded through the first capacitor C1 and the second switch module SW5, which can improve the radiation efficiency of the second frequency band antenna.

[0057] For example: Figure 3 As shown, the first-stage matching tuning bit of the first sub-feed 21# and the second sub-feed 22# can be grounded through the second switch module SW5. In this way, when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the first sub-feed 21# and the second sub-feed 22# are grounded, the third band antenna and the fourth band antenna do not work, and the first capacitor C1 is approximately short-circuited to the second band. The reverse current of the second band can be grounded through the first capacitor C1, so that the entire second radiator 3 can be used as a corresponding auxiliary parasitic branch of the first radiator 1, which can improve the radiation efficiency of the second band antenna.

[0058] In some implementations, if the second frequency band includes the MHB and B32 frequency bands, and the third and fourth frequency bands include the L1, WiFi 2.4G, and N78 frequency bands, when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the antenna module may operate in single-cell communication mode.

[0059] Of course, when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is disconnected from the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the first sub-feed 21# and the second sub-feed 22# work normally, and the second frequency band antenna also works. At this time, the antenna module works in a communication mode in which small antenna communication and cellular communication coexist.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first capacitor C1 and the turn-off capacitor of the second switch module SW5 are loaded onto the second radiator 3, so that the third segment K2G constitutes a parasitic radiating branch of the antenna of the first frequency band. This can be achieved when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is disconnected from the second terminal of the second switch module SW5. In this case, the turn-off capacitors of the first capacitor C1 and the second switch module SW5 are equivalent to a short circuit to the first frequency band. That is, the passband of the first capacitor C1 and the turn-off capacitors of the second switch module SW5 includes the first frequency band. In this way, a parasitic mode of the third segment K2G can be constructed. This parasitic mode can effectively improve the aperture efficiency of the antenna of the first frequency band.

[0061] For example, assuming the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, the equivalent capacitance of the first capacitor C1 and the turn-off capacitor of the second switch module SW5 connected in series is approximately 0.15-0.25pF. By using this equivalent capacitance, a parasitic mode of the third segment K2G can be constructed. This parasitic mode is placed near 5.9G, which can greatly improve the aperture efficiency of the WiFi 5G antenna.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first capacitor C1 and the turn-off capacitor of the second switch module SW5 are applied to the second radiator 3, so that the third segment K2G constitutes the parasitic radiation branch of the antenna of the first frequency band. This can improve the aperture efficiency of the antenna of the first frequency band when the second switch module SW5 is in the off state.

[0063] In some implementations, for the third and / or fourth frequency bands, a portion of the first radiator 1 can be used as a pair of auxiliary parasitic stubs, thereby increasing the radiating aperture of the third and / or fourth frequency band antennas.

[0064] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the antenna module in this embodiment further includes: a third switch module SW3; The first radiator 1 also includes a fourth part D, which is located between the second part E and the second end C of the first radiator 1. The fourth part D is grounded through the third switch module SW3. When the antenna in the third frequency band is working, the third switch module SW3 tunes the fourth segment FD so that the fourth segment FD constitutes a parasitic radiation branch of the antenna in the third frequency band. The fourth segment FD is the segment between the first end F of the first radiator 1 and the fourth part D. When the antenna in the fourth frequency band is working, the first switch module SW4 also tunes the fifth segment FE of the first radiator 1 so that the fifth segment FE constitutes a parasitic radiating branch of the antenna in the third frequency band and / or the fourth frequency band. The fifth segment FE is the segment between the first end F and the second part E of the first radiator 1.

[0065] For example: Suppose the third frequency band is the N78 band, and the fourth frequency band is the L1 and WiFi 2.4G band. In this case, if... Figure 3 As shown, the second part E can be grounded through the first switch module SW4. When the first switch module SW4 is turned on, tuning of the WiFi 2.4G band and / or N78 band can be achieved, making the first segment FE a corresponding auxiliary parasitic stub for the WiFi 2.4G band and / or N78 band antenna, thus improving the radiation efficiency of the WiFi 2.4G band and / or N78 band antenna. Similarly, the second part D can be grounded through the third switch module SW3. When the third switch module SW3 is turned on, tuning of the L1 band can be achieved, making the first segment FD a corresponding auxiliary parasitic stub for the L1 band antenna, thus improving the radiation efficiency of the L1 band antenna.

[0066] In this embodiment, the third switch module SW3 can be used to implement the tuning function of the corresponding parasitic mode in the lower frequency band of the third frequency band, and the first switch module SW4 can also be reused to implement the tuning function of the corresponding parasitic mode in the fourth frequency band and the higher frequency band of the third frequency band.

[0067] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 As shown, the antenna module provided in this embodiment of the application also includes an isolation module 5; The isolation module 5 includes a second capacitor C4 and a second inductor L2. The first end of the second capacitor C4 and the first end of the second inductor L2 are both electrically connected to the third part K2, and the second end of the second capacitor C4 and the second end of the second inductor L2 are both electrically connected to the third feed source 4. The stopband of the isolation module 5 includes the first frequency band.

[0068] In this embodiment, the isolation module 5 can be used to block the transmission of the first frequency band signal on the first radiator 1 to the third feed source 4. Of course, the passband of the isolation module 5 includes the third frequency band and the fourth frequency band. In this way, the isolation module 5 does not affect the antenna performance of the third and fourth frequency bands, and improves the isolation between the first frequency band antenna and the third frequency band antenna, as well as the isolation between the first frequency band antenna and the fourth frequency band antenna.

[0069] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 or Figure 11 As shown, the conductive element 2 includes a first part 201 and a second part 202. The first feed source is electrically connected to the first part. The first part 201 is coupled to the first part K1, and the second part 202 is coupled to the second part E. The width of the first part 201 is greater than the width of the second part 202; and / or, Part 201 adopts a double-layer structure, while Part 202 adopts a single-layer structure.

[0070] It should be noted that the first end of the conductive element 2 is flush with the first end F of the first radiator 1, and the first feed source 20# is electrically connected to the first end of the conductive element 2, and the second end of the conductive element 2 is grounded. By making the width of the first part 201 along the Y-axis direction greater than the width of the second part 202 along the Y-axis direction, the coupling amount between the first part 201 and the first part K1 can be greater than the coupling amount between the second part 202 and the second part E. In this way, the current of the first frequency band signal on the first radiator 1 can flow in from the first part K1 and flow out from the second part E.

[0071] In other embodiments, the first part 201 adopts a double-layer structure and the second part 202 adopts a single-layer structure. This also enables the coupling amount between the first part 201 and the first part K1 to be greater than the coupling amount between the second part 202 and the second part E. In this way, the current of the first frequency band signal on the first radiator 1 can flow in from the first part K1 and flow out from the second part E.

[0072] For example: Assuming the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, and taking the current at the 5.25G frequency point within the WiFi 5G band as an example, such as... Figure 10As shown, the arrow direction indicates the current direction, and the arrow thickness represents the current magnitude. It can be seen that the first feed 20# uses the loop-type conductive element 2 as a coupled feed excitation unit, which has a strong current in an approximate loop mode, but the radiation efficiency is low. Its main function is to excite the first segment FK1 of the first radiator 1 and the slot common mode of the third segment K2G coupled to the second radiator 3 across the first gap 10. WiFi 5G mainly relies on this mode for radiation. It can be seen that the current intensity on the corresponding branch is relatively strong. Among them, the first segment FK1 mainly contributes the body mode of the WiFi 5G antenna, and the corresponding third segment K2G contributes the parasitic mode of the WiFi 5G antenna, which strongly assists the W5.8G.

[0073] It should be noted that the first part 201 adopts a double-layer structure, but the first part 201 includes at least two layers of PCB traces, and the at least two layers of PCB traces are interconnected by means of metal vias or the like.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first part 201 is coupled to the first part K1, and the second part 202 is coupled to the second part E. Alternatively, the first part 201 may be directly coupled to the region near the first part K1 of the first radiator 1, and the second part 202 may be directly coupled to the region near the second part E of the first radiator 1.

[0075] In other embodiments, the first part 201 is coupled to the first part K1, and the second part 202 is coupled to the second part E. This can be achieved by coupling the first part 201 to the first part K1 via components that are electrically connected, thereby realizing indirect coupling between the first part 201 and the first part K1; and by coupling the second part 202 to the second part E via components that are electrically connected, thereby realizing indirect coupling between the second part 202 and the second part E.

[0076] For example: Figure 7 As shown, the antenna module in this embodiment further includes: a first connector 6 and a second connector 7; The first connector 6 is located at the first part K1, and the second connector 7 is located at the second part E. The first part 201 is stacked with the first connector 6 and spaced apart, and the second connector 7 is stacked with the second part 202 and spaced apart.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 may include at least one of electrical structures such as a metal spring, a metal tongue, an FPC trace, or a PCB trace. For ease of explanation, in this embodiment, the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 are two metal tongues that are integrally formed with the first radiator 1, which is not a specific limitation.

[0078] In this embodiment, the first connector 6 is used to couple with the first part 201 of the conductive element 2, and the second connector 7 is used to couple with the second part 202 of the conductive element 2, which can simplify the complexity of the coupling structure between the conductive element 2 and the second segment K1E.

[0079] Optionally, the width of the first part 201 is in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm; the width of the second part 202 is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

[0080] The widths of the first part 201 and the second part 202 represent the spacing direction between the first radiator 1 and the conductive element 2.

[0081] For example: Assuming the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first part 201 of the conductive element 2 can be a relatively wide FPC trace with a width of about 0.5 mm to 1 mm. The first part 201 mainly relies on the coupling amount of the metal tongue at the first part K1 of the first radiator 1, i.e. the coupling amount of the first connection 6, to construct a coupling capacitance of about 0.1 pF with the first radiator 1. Of course, the implementation of the first connection 6 is not limited to the metal tongue, and can also include metal springs, etc. The second part 202 of the conductive component 2 can be a thinner FPC trace with a width of approximately 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. This can minimize the coupling between the second part 202 and the metal tongue at the second part 4, i.e., the second connector 7. The coupling here needs to be as small as possible, otherwise it will affect the performance of 5.8G in the WiFi 5G band. The conductive component 2 can be a single-layer trace as a whole, or a partial two-layer trace design. That is, the first part 201 adopts a double-layer structure, and the second part 202 adopts a single-layer structure. The coupling gap between the conductive component 2 and the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 is approximately 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. By adopting a double-layer structure for the first part 201, the coupling between the first part 201 and the first connector 6 can be strengthened. By adopting a single-layer structure for the second part 202, the coupling between the second part 202 and the second connector 7 can be weakened.

[0082] at this time, Figure 7 The antenna module shown has the following initial impedance in the WiFi 5G band: Figure 6 As shown, the initial impedance of the WiFi 5G band is located in the third and fourth quadrants of the Smith circle. Note that the initial impedance can be slightly shorter but not longer to prevent resonance of the conductive components, otherwise it will affect the efficiency of the WiFi 5G antenna. This makes its matching and tuning relatively simple. For example: Figure 7 As shown, the tuning matching unit M1 of the WiFi 5G antenna comes down from the trace of the first part K1, first connected in series with a small inductor of about 1nH, then connected in parallel with a small inductor of 2nH to 3nH, and finally connected in series with an inductor of about 1nH to around 50 ohms. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The S11 parameters and Smith chart of the WiFi 5G antenna after matching with the tuning matching unit M1 are given respectively. Figure 8 and Figure 9 Marker point 3 represents the coupling parasitic mode across the first gap 10. This coupling parasitic mode is mainly generated by the third segment K2G of the second radiator 3, which is also the feed point of the third feed source 4. That is, the monopole mode from the third part K2 to the second end G of the second radiator 3. Here, the serial isolation module 5 in the feed path of the third feed source 4, i.e., the parallel LC, is very critical. It is mainly used to isolate the WiFi 5G signal and reduce the influence of port coupling. The isolation module 5 presents a high impedance state to the WiFi 5G signal, and the magnitude of the resistance value will affect the degree of excitation of the coupling parasitic mode by the first feed source 20#. This refers to the size of the coupling parasitic loop. A smaller parasitic loop indicates a weaker excitation and a relatively smaller aperture assist. Additionally, the first stage of the third feed 4 is connected in parallel with the second switching module SW5. The parasitic capacitance of the off-state of the second switching module SW5, combined with the first capacitor C1, has an equivalent capacitance of approximately 0.15-0.25 pF. This value can adjust the resonant position of this coupling parasitic mode. Generally, this parasitic mode is placed near 5.9 GHz to help improve the impedance and aperture efficiency of the WiFi 5G antenna. Simultaneously, the parasitic capacitance of the off-state of the second switching module SW4 in the second band antenna, approximately 0.5 pF, is reused to adjust the excitation of the WiFi 5.1G section. If the second switching module SW4 is removed, a radiation efficiency dip will fall within the WiFi 5.1G band.

[0083] In some implementations, such as Figure 11 As shown, the second switch module SW5 includes a switching switch 5 and a matching network RF3; The first terminal of the switch 5 is electrically connected to the third part K2 through the first capacitor C1, the second terminal of the switch 5 is electrically connected to the third part K2 through the matching network RF3, and the third terminal of the switch 5 is grounded. Specifically, when the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the first terminal of the switch 5 is connected to the third terminal of the switch 5, and the second terminal of the switch 5 is disconnected from the third terminal of the switch 5. When the first terminal of the second switch module SW5 is disconnected from the second terminal of the second switch module SW5, the second terminal of the switch 5 is connected to the third terminal of the switch 5, and the first terminal of the switch 5 is disconnected from the third terminal of the switch 5, or both the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch 5 are disconnected from the third terminal of the switch 5.

[0084] It should be noted that a matching network RF3 is added to the second switch module SW5. This allows the matching network RF3 to tune the coupling parasitic mode of the third segment K2G when the switching switch 5 disconnects the third segment K2 from ground (i.e., in an all-off state). Thus, given the relatively wide bandwidth of the first frequency band, the coupling parasitic mode of K2G can cover a wider frequency range within the first frequency band.

[0085] For example: Suppose the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band. Since WiFi 5G itself has a very wide bandwidth, to cover the 5.15G-5.85G band, a bandwidth of 700MHz is required. If based on... Figure 3 The antenna module shown often prioritizes 5.8G performance in its third segment K2G coupling parasitic mode, making it difficult to simultaneously handle the 5.15G portion. In this embodiment, the second switch module SW5 is reused. Figure 3 Based on the illustrated implementation scheme, an additional tuning bit RF3 is added to the matching network. This matching network RF3 may include a third capacitor C2 and a fourth capacitor C3 connected in series, i.e., a C3 / C2 series combined capacitor. Thus, one end of the switching switch 5 is connected to the C3 / C2 series combined capacitor, and the other end is connected to the first-stage matching tuning bit 21-22#. The C2 / C3 combined capacitor has a capacitance of approximately 0.15-25pF. When the second switching module SW5 is in the fully off state, the equivalent parasitic capacitance of the first capacitor CC1 and the C2 / C3 combined capacitor is minimized. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling parasitic mode of the third segment K2G can be adjusted by tuning the equivalent capacitance loaded by the second switch module SW5. At this time, for the WiFi 5G band, the coupling-assisted mode is near WiFi 5.9G, which can help improve the performance within the WiFi 5G band, but mainly focuses on improving the performance of the 5.8G high-channel area. Since the parasitic mode is far from the low-channel 5.15G frequency point near WiFi 5.9G, the aperture assistance to the low-channel 5.15G sideband is relatively weak. In addition, the impedance is biased towards 5.8G, resulting in a shallower impedance at 5.15G. These factors combined lead to lower antenna efficiency near the 5.15G sideband. Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, switching switch 5 is used to turn on the matching network RF3, increasing the equivalent capacitance of the second switching module SW5, thereby lowering the coupling parasitic mode loop of the interface from WiFi 5.9G to around 5.45G. Figure 12 As shown by the dashed line, when the second switch module SW5 is in the all-off state, the parasitic circle is at marker point 3, i.e., WiFi 5.9G. Figure 12As shown by the solid line, when switch 5 turns on the matching network RF3, the parasitic loop moves to point 5, i.e., 5.45G. Switching here achieves two significant benefits: first, it utilizes the coupling parasitic loop at 5.45G to reduce the impedance of the 5.15G sideband. It can be seen that the impedance between 5.15G and 5.3G is significantly reduced, getting closer to 50 ohms. Figure 13 As shown, the solid line represents the efficiency curve when switch 5 turns on the matching network RF3; the dashed line represents the efficiency curve when the second switch module SW5 is in the all-off state. Figure 13 As can be seen from the solid line, when the switching switch 5 turns on the matching network RF3, the impedance of the 5.15G sideband becomes deeper, and the mismatch loss will be significantly improved; secondly, the aperture efficiency of the 5.15G sideband is further improved by utilizing the nearby 5.45G parasitic mode. Figure 14 The introduction of switch 5 will turn on the matching network RF3, relative to Figure 3 The comparison shows the WiFi 5G port size and system efficiency when the second switch module SW5 is in the off state. Specifically, Figure 14 The curves marked with points 1 and 5 represent the efficiency curves when switch 5 turns on the matching network RF3; the curve marked with point 2 represents the efficiency curve when the second switch module SW5 is in the all-off state; the curve marked with point 3 represents the overall system efficiency curve when switch 5 turns on the matching network RF3; and the curve marked with point 4 represents the overall system efficiency curve when the second switch module SW5 is in the all-off state. From the performance gains in the 5.15 GHz low-channel region, it can be seen that after introducing switch 5 to switch on the matching network RF3, the aperture efficiency in the 5.15-5.3 GHz low-channel frequency band is improved by an average of 0.5 dB, and the system efficiency is improved by an average of about 0.7 dB. The system efficiency at the lowest sideband frequency point, 5.15 GHz, is improved by the largest amount, approximately 1.1 dB.

[0086] For example: Suppose that respectively as follows Figure 3 The antenna module and related technologies shown depict a combined WiFi 5G antenna and N78 antenna scheme, which is then placed on the main screen of a foldable phone. This would be as follows: Figure 3 Compared with the antenna scheme in the related technology that combines a WiFi 5G antenna and an N78 antenna, the simulation efficiency of the antenna module provided in this application embodiment is shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0087] As shown in the table above, compared with the antenna scheme of combining WiFi 5G antenna and N78 antenna in related technologies, the antenna module provided in this application embodiment has an average efficiency improvement of about 1.1dB at W5.1G and an average improvement of 0.6dB at W5.8G.

[0088] In this embodiment, Figure 3 or Figure 7 Based on the antenna module shown, the WIFI 5G performance was further optimized by introducing a second switching module SW5 with a single-switched small capacitor to construct a larger equivalent parasitic capacitance. This shifted the coupling parasitic mode resonance closer to the 5.15G sideband, which not only increased the sideband aperture but also improved the impedance. Ultimately, the aperture efficiency in the 5.15-5.3G low-channel frequency band was improved by an average of 0.5dB, and the system efficiency was improved by an average of about 0.7dB. The system efficiency in the 5.15G sideband was improved by a maximum of about 1.1dB.

[0089] It should be noted that the antenna module in this application embodiment may include other modules or components besides those described in the foregoing embodiments, such as: Figure 3 The fifth switch module SW2 shown is electrically connected to the first-stage matching of the second feed 14#. Thus, the matching network in the fifth switch module SW2 can be used for antenna matching or tuning of the second frequency band antenna.

[0090] In addition to the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3, the antenna module of this application embodiment may also include other antenna radiators, such as... Figure 3 The third radiator 8 shown has its second end B facing the first end C of the first radiator 1, and there is a second gap 80 between the second end B of the third radiator 8 and the first end C of the first radiator 1. The third radiator 8 is electrically connected to the fourth feed 13#, wherein the fourth feed 13# can be the feed of the N78 and / or N79 band antenna. In this embodiment, the influence of the first band antenna on the radiation mode on the third radiator 8 can be ignored, and the influence of the third radiator 8 on the first band antenna can also be ignored. The third radiator 8 and the fourth feed 13# will not be described in detail here.

[0091] In some embodiments, the width of the gap between antenna radiations, such as the first gap 10 and the second gap 80, in the embodiments of this application can be from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.

[0092] In some implementations, the distance between the first part K1 and the second end F of the first radiator 1 is approximately 2 mm to 3 mm, which satisfies the electrical length requirement of the WiFi 5G antenna radiator.

[0093] In some implementations, the electrical length of the third segment K2-G is slightly greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of the WiFi 5G mode. Thus, based on the proximity of the N78 and WiFi 5G frequency bands, the third segment K2-G can be excited as either the main radiator of the N78 antenna or as part of the WiFi 5G antenna.

[0094] In some implementations, the second switch module SW5 can be a coexistence IC smart scene tuning switch. In this way, the coexistence IC smart scene tuning switch can determine the switching state according to the actual channel of the first frequency band antenna. For example, taking the first frequency band as WiFi 5G, if the channel of the first frequency band antenna is a channel close to the 5.15G sideband, the coexistence IC smart scene tuning switch can control the switching switch 5 to switch the matching network RF3 accordingly; if the channel of the first frequency band antenna is a channel close to the 5.8G sideband, the coexistence IC smart scene tuning switch can control the switching switch 5 to be in the all-off state accordingly.

[0095] In this embodiment, the smart tuning switch for the coexistence scenario is reused, and the antenna scheme design based on the coexistence IC can distinguish the channel configuration logic of the first frequency band antenna.

[0096] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes any of the antenna modules provided in the foregoing embodiments of this application. The electronic device has a metal frame 100, and the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3 in the antenna module are disposed on the metal frame 100.

[0097] For example: Figure 4 As shown, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3 are disposed on the top edge of the electronic device.

[0098] Of course, in addition to the top border, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3 in this embodiment can also be disposed on the side border of the electronic device, without specific limitation here.

[0099] The risk detection device 600 in this application embodiment can be an electronic device or a component within an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, in-vehicle electronic device, mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. It can also be a server, network attached storage (NAS), personal computer (PC), television (TV), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific type of device.

[0100] In some embodiments, the electronic device in this application may have a foldable screen, for example: Figure 3 As shown, the main screen 40 of the electronic device is hinged to the secondary screen via a hinge 30. At this time, the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3 are located on the top of the metal frame 100 of the main screen 40.

[0101] In some implementations, in addition to the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 3, the top of the metal frame 100 of the main screen 40 also includes a third radiator 8.

[0102] Of course, in addition to foldable screen electronic devices, the electronic devices in this application embodiment can also be deployed on other structures or types of electronic devices such as candybar phones and tablets.

[0103] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment can achieve the same beneficial effects as the electronic device in the foregoing embodiments of this application. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first radiator 1 is located in a first region of the metal frame 100, which does not include the region where the corners of the metal frame 100 are located.

[0105] For example: Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the first radiator 1 is located in the top middle area of ​​the main screen 40, and the second radiator 3 can be located in the corner area of ​​the main screen 40 away from the hinge 30, and the second radiator 3 is located in the area of ​​the main screen 40 facing the hinge 30.

[0106] This avoids combining high-frequency first-band antennas with corner feeds to excite higher-order modes in the corner frame, thus improving the directivity of the first-band antenna.

[0107] For example, assuming the first frequency band is the WiFi 5G band, taking the 5.25G frequency point in its unfolded state as an example for comparison, in the far-field radiation pattern of the 5.25G frequency point under the antenna scheme of related technologies, the maximum radiation direction is downward, and the maximum directional system is 5.84dBi, which is highly directional and not conducive to user experience. It is difficult to meet the restrictions of the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) regulations without reducing the power, while this application... Figure 3 Under the antenna module scheme shown, in the far-field radiation pattern at the 5.25 GHz frequency, the maximum radiation direction is upward, and the maximum directivity system is 4.48 dBi. The maximum directivity is reduced by about 1.4 dBi compared to the original scheme. These differences can better improve the user experience and make it easier to meet EIRP regulations without reducing conducted power and affecting the total radiated power (TRP) performance.

[0108] The principle is explained as follows: If the WiFi 5G antenna adopts... Figure 1 The antenna scheme in the related technology shown, when combined with 21#N78, uses corner feeding, which excites higher-order modes of the second radiator 3, such as the 3 / 4 mode. The presence of reverse current results in a stronger directional radiation pattern. However, this application... Figure 3 The WiFi 5G excitation of the antenna module scheme shown is a common-mode gap from the first segment FK1 to the third segment K2-G. The current on the second radiator 3 is diverted at the third part K2 by the turn-off capacitor of the second switch module SW5, which constructs the resonant mode of WiFi 5G. This greatly weakens the current flowing to the return point H of the second radiator 3, so it will not excite the higher-order modes of the second radiator 3. Therefore, its maximum directivity of far-field radiation is significantly improved.

[0109] In some embodiments, the conductive component 2 can be arranged on the bottom surface of the PCB motherboard of the electronic device, that is, the side of the PCB motherboard facing the battery cover, and is disposed on the edge of the PCB motherboard facing the first radiator 1. The first connector 6 and the second connector 7 are disposed on the top surface of the PCB motherboard, that is, the side of the PCB motherboard facing away from the battery cover. In this way, the conductive component 2, the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 can be disposed on the opposite sides of the PCB motherboard, so that the conductive component 2 is coupled with the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 respectively. This layout does not affect the original stacking layout of the components in the electronic device, and the structure is simple and the assembly process is simple.

[0110] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0111] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, include: First radiator, conductive component, first feed source, and second feed source The conductive component is electrically connected to the first feed source; The first radiator includes a first end, a first part, a second part, and a second end in sequence. The distance between the feed point of the second feed source and the second end of the first radiator is less than the distance between the feed point of the second feed source and the first end of the first radiator. The conductive element is coupled to the second segment of the first radiator, wherein the second segment is the segment between the first part and the second part, and the electrical length of the conductive element is greater than 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band and less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the first frequency band. Wherein, when the first feed source provides an excitation signal to the conductive component, a radiation signal of the first frequency band is excited on the first segment of the first radiator, and the first segment is the segment between the first end of the first radiator and the first part. When the second feed source provides an excitation signal to the first radiator, a second frequency band of radiation signal is excited on the first radiator, the second frequency band being lower than the first frequency band.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: First switch module; The second part is grounded through the first switch module, and the electrical length of the second segment is 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band; The passband of the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module includes the first frequency band, and the stopband of the turn-off capacitor of the first switching module includes the second frequency band.

3. The antenna module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Second radiator and third feed source; The second end of the second radiator is opposite to the first end of the first radiator, and there is a first gap between the second end of the second radiator and the first end of the first radiator; The third feed source is electrically connected to the third part of the second radiator. The electrical length of the third segment of the second radiator is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band. The third segment is the segment of the second radiator located between the third part and the second end of the second radiator. Specifically, when the third feed source provides an excitation signal to the second radiator, a radiation signal of a third frequency band is excited on the second radiator and / or a radiation signal of a fourth frequency band is excited on the third segment, wherein the third frequency band is lower than the fourth frequency band and the fourth frequency band is lower than the first frequency band.

4. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the conductive element is flush with the first end of the first radiator, and the first end of the conductive element is electrically connected to the first feed source, while the second end of the conductive element is grounded.

5. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes: a first capacitor and a second switch module; The first terminal of the second switch module is electrically connected to the third part through the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the second switch module is grounded.

6. The antenna module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second switching module includes a switching switch and a matching network; The first terminal of the switching switch is electrically connected to the third part through the first capacitor, the second terminal of the switching switch is electrically connected to the third part through the matching network, and the third terminal of the switching switch is grounded. Wherein, when the first end of the second switch module is connected to the second end of the second switch module, the first end of the switching switch is connected to the third end of the switching switch, and the second end of the switching switch is disconnected from the third end of the switching switch. When the first terminal of the second switch module is disconnected from the second terminal of the second switch module, the second terminal of the switch is connected to the third terminal of the switch, and the first terminal of the switch is disconnected from the third terminal of the switch, or both the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch are disconnected from the third terminal of the switch.

7. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Third switch module; The first radiator further includes a fourth part, which is located between the second part and the second end of the first radiator, and the fourth part is grounded through the third switch module; When the antenna in the third frequency band is working, the third switching module tunes the fourth segment so that the fourth segment constitutes a parasitic radiating branch of the antenna in the third frequency band. The fourth segment is the segment between the first end of the first radiator and the fourth part. When the antenna in the fourth frequency band is working, the first switching module also tunes the fifth segment of the first radiator so that the fifth segment constitutes a parasitic radiating branch of the antenna in the third frequency band and / or the fourth frequency band, and the fifth segment is the segment between the first end and the second part of the first radiator.

8. The antenna module according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes an isolation module; The isolation module includes a second capacitor and a second inductor. The first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the second inductor are both electrically connected to the third part, and the second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the second inductor are both electrically connected to the third feed source. The stopband of the isolation module includes the first frequency band.

9. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conductive component includes a first part and a second part, wherein the first feed source is electrically connected to the first part, the first part is coupled to the first location, and the second part is coupled to the second location; The width of the first part is greater than the width of the second part; And / or, The first part adopts a double-layer structure, and the second part adopts a single-layer structure.

10. The antenna module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The width of the first part ranges from 0.5 mm to 1 mm; the width of the second part ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

11. The antenna module according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: First connector and second connector; The first connector is disposed at the first part, the second connector is disposed at the second part, the first part and the first connector are stacked and spaced apart, and the second connector and the second part are stacked and spaced apart.

12. The antenna module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electrical length of the first radiator is half the wavelength of the second frequency band; and / or, The electrical length of the second radiator is 1 / 4 wavelength of the third frequency band.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna module and metal frame are included as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first radiator and the second radiator in the antenna module are disposed on the metal frame.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first radiator is located in a first region of the metal frame, excluding the area where the corners of the metal frame are located.

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