Wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

This invention provides a method, device, equipment, and medium for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades. The method includes: acquiring the real-time phase angle of blade rotation; when the real-time phase angle is within a preset measurement phase window, triggering an ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receiving echo signals reflected by the ice layer; calculating the initial value of icing thickness based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signals; acquiring real-time strain data and ambient temperature and humidity data of the blade; inputting the initial value of icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data, and the current phase angle into an icing thickness determination model, and outputting the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level; and executing graded protection control actions matching the corresponding hazard level according to the preset thickness range in which the icing thickness value is located, in order to solve the problems of inability to quantitatively measure thickness, inability to provide graded protection, susceptibility to environmental interference, and insufficient sensor reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power equipment safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] When wind turbine blades operate in low-temperature and high-humidity environments during winter, ice or snow layers easily form on their surfaces. Icing significantly increases blade mass, leading to disruption of static and dynamic balance, decreased aerodynamic performance, and structural fatigue damage; in severe cases, it can cause blade breakage, hub imbalance, or even turbine overrun and other major safety accidents. Therefore, real-time and accurate monitoring of blade icing and snow accumulation, and implementing graded protection and control based on the degree of icing, are key technical requirements for ensuring the safe operation of wind turbines.

[0003] Currently, several technical solutions have been proposed for monitoring blade icing. For example, external cameras are used to perform image recognition on the blade surface to visually determine the presence of icing; or a combination of temperature and humidity sensors is used to indirectly infer the likelihood of icing based on environmental temperature and humidity thresholds; another solution involves installing vibration sensors on the blades to determine the icing state based on changes in the blade's natural frequency. While these solutions can detect icing events to some extent, they exhibit significant shortcomings in practical engineering applications: camera monitoring is susceptible to interference from severe weather conditions such as rain, fog, and sandstorms, resulting in poor reliability; temperature and humidity assessments can only provide a qualitative conclusion on the likelihood of icing, unable to quantitatively measure icing thickness; and single vibration detection is easily affected by normal wind load fluctuations, leading to a high false alarm rate. More critically, existing technologies cannot output the icing thickness value on the blade surface in real time and quantitatively, making it difficult to implement differentiated protection and control strategies based on the severity of icing. This can result in either premature shutdown and loss of power generation or delayed protection leading to equipment damage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades to solve the technical problems in the existing technology, such as the inability to quantitatively measure thickness, the inability to provide graded protection, susceptibility to environmental interference, and insufficient sensor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a method, device, equipment and medium for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades, in order to solve the technical problems in related technologies such as the inability to quantitatively measure thickness, the inability to provide graded protection, susceptibility to environmental interference and insufficient sensor reliability.

[0006] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades, including the following steps: Obtain the real-time phase angle of the blade rotation; When the real-time phase angle is within the preset measurement phase window, the ultrasonic probe is triggered to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receive the echo signal reflected by the ice layer. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signal, the initial value of the ice thickness is calculated. Real-time acquisition of blade strain data and ambient temperature and humidity data; The initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data and the current phase angle are input into the icing thickness determination model, and the phase-compensated corrected blade icing thickness and the corresponding hazard level are output. Based on the preset thickness range of the icing thickness value, a graded protection control action matching the corresponding hazard level is executed.

[0007] Preferably, the phase-compensated blade icing thickness specifically includes the following steps: Based on the magnitude of the centrifugal force corresponding to the current phase angle, centrifugal force compensation is applied to the attenuation time of the echo signal to eliminate the influence of blade rotation dynamics on ultrasonic thickness measurement. The preset measurement phase window is the phase range when the blade is in a horizontal or near-horizontal position.

[0008] Preferably, the strain data of the blade specifically includes the blade bending strain and / or torsional strain, which are collected by distributed strain sensors deployed on the blade body and / or blade root. The ambient temperature and humidity data are collected by a temperature and humidity sensor; The initial value of the ice thickness is also calculated based on the ice layer sound velocity and temperature compensation curve pre-calibrated by the ultrasonic probe.

[0009] Preferably, the step of inputting the initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data, and the current phase angle into the icing thickness determination model, and outputting the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level, specifically includes the following steps: The strain data of the blade is used to characterize the increased mass load of the blade due to icing. The ambient temperature and humidity data are used to correct the icing formation rate and ice density. The initial value of the icing thickness is used as the base thickness. The icing thickness value is adjusted by the centrifugal force correction factor introduced by the current phase angle. The phase-compensated icing thickness value is output and mapped to one of the four danger levels: light, medium, heavy, and extremely dangerous.

[0010] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps: The blade's added mass, calculated from the blade's strain data, is compared with the ice layer mass, calculated from the initial ice thickness. If the deviation between the two exceeds a preset deviation threshold, the ultrasonic probe or strain sensor is determined to be faulty, a fault alarm signal is output, and the system automatically switches to a single-source protection control mode based solely on the strain signal or solely on the ultrasonic signal.

[0011] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps: The corrected ice thickness values ​​were continuously recorded at multiple time points, and the ice thickness growth rate per unit time was calculated. The ice thickness growth rate is compared with a preset rate threshold. If the rate threshold is exceeded, the remaining time required to reach the next higher danger level is predicted based on the current ice thickness value and growth rate, and a predictive warning signal is output.

[0012] Preferably, the graded protection control action matching the hazard level specifically includes the following steps: When the ice thickness reaches the first threshold range, it is determined to be a minor hazard, and a warning control action is executed. When the ice thickness is within the second threshold range, it is determined to be moderately dangerous, and the load reduction operation control action is executed; When the ice thickness reaches the third threshold range, it is determined to be in severe danger, and a shutdown control action is executed. When the ice thickness exceeds the fourth threshold, it is deemed to be in extreme danger, and a forced shutdown is executed, and the auxiliary de-icing equipment control action is activated.

[0013] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a wind turbine blade monitoring and protection device, including: The phase angle acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time phase angle of the blade rotation; The initial thickness calculation module is used to trigger the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receive the echo signal reflected by the ice layer when the real-time phase angle is within the preset measurement phase window. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signal, the initial value of the ice thickness is calculated. The operating status acquisition module is used to collect real-time strain data of the blades and ambient temperature and humidity data. The thickness correction module is used to input the initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data and the current phase angle into the icing thickness determination model, and output the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level. The graded protection module is used to perform graded protection control actions that match the corresponding hazard level based on the preset thickness range in which the ice thickness value is located.

[0014] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method described above.

[0015] This specification provides one or more embodiments of a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method described above.

[0016] This disclosure provides a method, device, equipment, and medium for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades. Its advantages include: accurately locating the instantaneous position of the blade during its rotation cycle to provide a phase reference for subsequent measurements; ensuring that ultrasonic testing is performed only when the blade is in its optimal wind-fed posture or within a specific angle range, avoiding measurement errors introduced by changes in blade motion; utilizing a phase window for synchronous triggering of measurements to eliminate the influence of blade dynamic rotation on ultrasonic echoes; calculating the initial thickness based on attenuation time and phase difference to quickly obtain the geometric characteristics and acoustic response of the ice layer, providing a raw data basis for subsequent corrections; and providing strain data to reflect the blade's mechanical properties. Load variations and temperature and humidity data characterize icing environmental conditions. Simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters can construct the dynamic environmental and mechanical response characteristics of the icing process, enhancing multi-dimensional information support for thickness determination. By fusing phase angle, initial thickness, strain, and temperature and humidity data, the model can compensate for the interference of blade rotation dynamics and environmental fluctuations on ultrasonic measurements, outputting high-precision corrected thickness and graded hazard levels, improving the accuracy and reliability of icing status assessment. Based on preset thickness ranges, the model automatically matches protection strategies corresponding to the hazard levels, achieving graded responses from slight icing to severe icing, ensuring unit safety while avoiding over-protection that could lead to power generation loss. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification or in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades provided in one or more embodiments of this specification; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a wind turbine blade monitoring and protection device provided for one or more embodiments of this specification; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided for one or more embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, and not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0021] Method Implementation Examples According to embodiments of the present invention, a method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades is provided, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method provided in this embodiment. The wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method according to this embodiment includes the following steps: S110. The real-time phase angle of the blade rotation is obtained in real time by a surface ultrasonic icing detection probe set on the blade.

[0022] S120. When the real-time phase angle is within the preset measurement phase window, the ultrasonic probe is triggered to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receive the echo signal reflected by the ice layer. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signal, the initial value of the ice thickness is calculated.

[0023] S130. Strain data of the blade and ambient temperature and humidity data are collected in real time by distributed strain sensors and temperature and humidity sensors installed on the blade body and root. Specifically, the blade strain data, including bending strain and / or torsional strain, is collected by the distributed strain sensors deployed on the blade body and / or root. Ambient temperature and humidity data is collected by the temperature and humidity sensors. The initial value of the icing thickness is also calculated based on the pre-calibrated ice layer sound velocity and temperature compensation curve of the ultrasonic probe.

[0024] S140. Input the initial value of icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data and current phase angle into the icing thickness determination model. The icing thickness determination model is located in the local edge calculation unit on the inner wall of the blade root and outputs the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level.

[0025] S150. Based on the preset thickness range where the icing thickness value is located, execute graded protection control actions that match the corresponding hazard level, specifically including the following steps: When the ice thickness reaches the first threshold range, it is determined to be a minor hazard, and a warning control action is executed.

[0026] When the icing thickness reaches the second threshold range, it is determined to be of moderate danger, and the load reduction operation control action is executed.

[0027] When the icing thickness reaches the third threshold range, it is determined to be in severe danger, and a shutdown control action is executed.

[0028] When the ice thickness exceeds the fourth threshold, it is deemed to be in extreme danger, and a forced shutdown is executed, and the auxiliary de-icing equipment control action is activated.

[0029] The first threshold range is 1mm to 5mm, the second threshold range is 5mm to 15mm, the third threshold range is 15mm to 30mm, and the fourth threshold range is 30mm.

[0030] The method provided in this embodiment provides a phase reference for subsequent measurements by accurately locating the instantaneous position of the blade during its rotation cycle. This ensures that ultrasonic testing is performed only when the blade is in its optimal wind-facing posture or within a specific angle range, avoiding measurement errors introduced by changes in blade motion. Synchronous measurement triggering using a phase window eliminates the influence of blade dynamic rotation on ultrasonic echoes. Calculating the initial thickness based on attenuation time and phase difference allows for rapid acquisition of ice layer geometry and acoustic response, providing a raw data foundation for subsequent corrections. Strain data reflects changes in blade mechanical load, while temperature and humidity data characterize icing environmental conditions. Simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters constructs the dynamic environment and mechanical response characteristics of the icing process, enhancing multi-dimensional information support for thickness determination. By fusing phase angle, initial thickness, strain, and temperature and humidity data, the model can compensate for interference from blade rotation dynamics and environmental fluctuations on ultrasonic measurements, outputting high-precision corrected thickness and graded hazard levels, improving the accuracy and reliability of icing status assessment. Automatic matching of protection strategies to corresponding hazard levels based on preset thickness ranges enables graded responses from slight to severe icing, ensuring unit safety while avoiding over-protection leading to power generation loss.

[0031] In one embodiment, the phase-compensated blade icing thickness specifically includes the following steps: Based on the magnitude of the centrifugal force corresponding to the current phase angle, centrifugal force compensation is applied to the attenuation time of the echo signal to eliminate the influence of blade rotation dynamics on ultrasonic thickness measurement.

[0032] The centrifugal acceleration a corresponding to the current phase θ c =ω 2 ·R, where ω is the current rotational speed and R is the radius of the measuring point.

[0033] Centrifugal force compresses the ice layer, slightly reducing the ultrasound propagation time. A compensation coefficient, k, is introduced. c =1+0.02·(a c / g) (experimental fitted value).

[0034] The corrected thickness d1 = d0 × k cd ; The preset measurement phase window is the phase range when the blade is in a horizontal or near-horizontal position.

[0035] The method provided in this embodiment effectively suppresses the influence of blade rotation on ultrasonic echo attenuation time through centrifugal force compensation, improves thickness measurement stability, and reduces centrifugal force fluctuations by combining a preset horizontal phase window, making the icing thickness correction more accurate. It can complete high-precision icing thickness detection while the blade is rotating without stopping the machine.

[0036] In one embodiment, the initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data, and the current phase angle are input into the icing thickness determination model, and the phase-compensated blade icing thickness and corresponding hazard level are output. This specifically includes the following steps: The strain data of the blade is used to characterize the increased mass load of the blade due to icing. When the blade is covered with ice / snow, the blade mass increases, causing the strain data to change. The icing formation rate and ice density are corrected using the ambient temperature and humidity data. The initial value of the icing thickness is used as the base thickness. The icing thickness value is adjusted by the centrifugal force correction factor introduced by the current phase angle. The phase-compensated icing thickness value is output and mapped to one of the corresponding hazard levels.

[0037] The method provided in this embodiment integrates multi-dimensional data such as strain, temperature, humidity and phase angle, and uses an icing thickness determination model to achieve dynamic correction. It can accurately output the blade icing thickness and corresponding hazard level after centrifugal force compensation, effectively improving the real-time performance and reliability of icing monitoring.

[0038] In one embodiment, the following steps are also included: The blade's added mass, calculated from the blade's strain data, is compared with the ice layer mass, calculated from the initial ice thickness. If the deviation between the two exceeds a preset deviation threshold, the ultrasonic probe or strain sensor is determined to be faulty, a fault alarm signal is output, and the system automatically switches to a single-source protection control mode based solely on the strain signal or solely on the ultrasonic signal.

[0039] The method provided in this embodiment can diagnose sensor faults in real time by cross-comparing the mass deviation calculated from ultrasonic and strain data, and automatically alarm and switch to single-source protection control mode when the threshold is exceeded, effectively enhancing the fault tolerance and operational reliability of the icing monitoring system.

[0040] In one embodiment, the following steps are also included: The corrected ice thickness values ​​at multiple time points are continuously recorded, and the ice thickness growth rate per unit time is calculated. The ice thickness growth rate is compared with a preset rate threshold. If the rate threshold is exceeded, the remaining time required to reach the next higher danger level is predicted based on the current ice thickness value and growth rate, and a predictive warning signal is output.

[0041] The method provided in this embodiment can dynamically predict the remaining time to reach the next danger level by continuously monitoring the ice thickness growth rate and comparing it with a threshold, and output early warning signals in advance to achieve early warning and proactive prevention and control of icing risk.

[0042] Device Examples According to embodiments of the present invention, a wind turbine blade monitoring and protection device is provided, such as... Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection device provided in this embodiment. The wind turbine blade monitoring and protection device according to this embodiment includes: Phase angle acquisition module 21 is used to acquire the real-time phase angle of the blade rotation; The initial thickness calculation module 22 is used to trigger the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receive the echo signal reflected by the ice layer when the real-time phase angle is within the preset measurement phase window. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signal, the initial value of the ice thickness is calculated. The operating status acquisition module 23 is used to acquire the strain data of the blade and the ambient temperature and humidity data in real time. Thickness correction module 24 is used to input the initial value of icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data and current phase angle into the icing thickness determination model, and output the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level. The graded protection module 25 is used to perform graded protection control actions that match the corresponding hazard level based on the preset thickness range in which the ice thickness value is located.

[0043] The device provided in this embodiment uses the phase angle acquisition module 21 to accurately locate the instantaneous position of the blade during its rotation cycle, providing a phase reference for subsequent measurements. This ensures that ultrasonic testing is performed only when the blade is in its optimal wind-fed posture or within a specific angle range, avoiding measurement errors introduced by changes in the blade's motion state. The initial thickness calculation module 22 uses a phase window to synchronously trigger measurements, eliminating the influence of the blade's dynamic rotation on the ultrasonic echo. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference, it calculates the initial thickness, enabling rapid acquisition of ice layer geometric features and acoustic response, providing the original data basis for subsequent corrections. The operating status acquisition module 23 uses strain data to reflect changes in the blade's mechanical load, temperature, and humidity. Data characterizes icing environmental conditions; simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters can construct the dynamic environment and mechanical response characteristics of the icing process, enhancing multi-dimensional information support for thickness determination. The thickness correction module 24, by fusing phase angle, initial thickness, strain, and temperature and humidity data, can compensate for the interference of blade rotation dynamics and environmental fluctuations on ultrasonic measurements, outputting high-precision corrected thickness and graded hazard levels, improving the accuracy and reliability of icing status assessment. The graded protection module 25 automatically matches the corresponding hazard level protection strategy according to the preset thickness range, realizing graded response from slight icing to severe icing, ensuring unit safety while avoiding over-protection leading to power generation loss.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are device embodiments corresponding to the above method embodiments. The specific operations of each module processing step can be understood with reference to the description of the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method described in the above embodiments, or when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method described in the above embodiments.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0047] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. The apparatus and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and the contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Obtain the real-time phase angle of the blade rotation; When the real-time phase angle is within the preset measurement phase window, the ultrasonic probe is triggered to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receive the echo signal reflected by the ice layer. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signal, the initial value of the ice thickness is calculated. Real-time acquisition of blade strain data and ambient temperature and humidity data; The initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data and the current phase angle are input into the icing thickness determination model, and the phase-compensated corrected blade icing thickness and the corresponding hazard level are output. Based on the preset thickness range of the icing thickness value, a graded protection control action matching the corresponding hazard level is executed.

2. The wind turbine generator unit blade monitoring and protection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The phase-compensated corrected blade icing thickness specifically includes the following steps: Based on the magnitude of the centrifugal force corresponding to the current phase angle, centrifugal force compensation is applied to the attenuation time of the echo signal to eliminate the influence of blade rotation dynamics on ultrasonic thickness measurement. The preset measurement phase window is the phase range when the blade is in a horizontal or near-horizontal position.

3. The wind turbine generator blade monitoring and protection method according to claim 1, wherein, The strain data of the blade, specifically including the blade bending strain and / or torsional strain, is collected by distributed strain sensors deployed on the blade body and / or blade root. The ambient temperature and humidity data are collected by a temperature and humidity sensor; The initial value of the ice thickness is also calculated based on the ice layer sound velocity and temperature compensation curve pre-calibrated by the ultrasonic probe.

4. The wind turbine generator unit blade monitoring and protection method according to claim 1, characterized by, The process of inputting the initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data, and the current phase angle into the icing thickness determination model, and outputting the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level, specifically includes the following steps: The strain data of the blade is used to characterize the increased mass load of the blade due to icing. The ambient temperature and humidity data are used to correct the icing formation rate and ice density. The initial value of the icing thickness is used as the base thickness. The icing thickness value is adjusted by the centrifugal force correction factor introduced by the current phase angle. The phase-compensated icing thickness value is output and mapped to one of the corresponding hazard levels.

5. The wind turbine generator blade monitoring and protection method according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes the following steps: The blade's added mass, calculated from the blade's strain data, is compared with the ice layer mass, calculated from the initial ice thickness. If the deviation between the two exceeds a preset deviation threshold, the ultrasonic probe or strain sensor is determined to be faulty, a fault alarm signal is output, and the system automatically switches to a single-source protection control mode based solely on the strain signal or solely on the ultrasonic signal.

6. The method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: The corrected ice thickness values ​​were continuously recorded at multiple time points, and the ice thickness growth rate per unit time was calculated. The ice thickness growth rate is compared with a preset rate threshold. If the rate threshold is exceeded, the remaining time required to reach the next higher danger level is predicted based on the current ice thickness value and growth rate, and a predictive warning signal is output.

7. The method for monitoring and protecting wind turbine blades as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The graded protection control actions that match the hazard level specifically include the following steps: When the ice thickness reaches the first threshold range, it is determined to be a minor hazard, and a warning control action is executed. When the ice thickness is within the second threshold range, it is determined to be moderately dangerous, and the load reduction operation control action is executed; When the ice thickness reaches the third threshold range, it is determined to be in severe danger, and a shutdown control action is executed. When the ice thickness exceeds the fourth threshold, it is deemed to be in extreme danger, and a forced shutdown is executed, and the auxiliary de-icing equipment control action is activated.

8. A wind turbine blade monitoring and protection device, characterized in that, include: The phase angle acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time phase angle of the blade rotation; The initial thickness calculation module is used to trigger the ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic waves to the blade surface and receive the echo signal reflected by the ice layer when the real-time phase angle is within the preset measurement phase window. Based on the attenuation time and phase difference of the echo signal, the initial value of the ice thickness is calculated. The operating status acquisition module is used to collect real-time strain data of the blades and ambient temperature and humidity data. The thickness correction module is used to input the initial value of the icing thickness, strain data, ambient temperature and humidity data and the current phase angle into the icing thickness determination model, and output the blade icing thickness after phase compensation correction and the corresponding hazard level. The graded protection module is used to perform graded protection control actions that match the corresponding hazard level based on the preset thickness range in which the ice thickness value is located.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the wind turbine blade monitoring and protection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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