Solid waste pretreatment device and method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials

Abstract

This invention provides a solid waste pretreatment device and a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials. The solid waste pretreatment device includes: a base; a support frame installed on top of the base, on which a stirring and reaction assembly is mounted for mixing and stirring materials during reaction; and a filtration assembly installed on top of the base. This invention integrates stirring, filtration, and adsorption functions, reducing material transfer between processes, significantly improving solid waste pretreatment efficiency, meeting the needs of continuous industrial production, and saving space occupied by equipment installation, thus reducing equipment layout and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste resource recycling, and in particular to a solid waste pretreatment device and a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of producing lithium carbonate using the acid leaching method from lepidolite, the purification step of the acid leaching brine generates a large amount of plate and frame filter press residue containing calcium carbonate and lithium carbonate (referred to as purified plate and frame residue), which is classified as industrial solid waste. From an environmental perspective, lepidolite purified plate and frame residue has a complex composition. In addition to containing major components such as calcium carbonate and lithium carbonate, it also contains trace amounts of harmful elements such as thallium, fluorine, and arsenic. At the same time, the residue has a high content of soluble salts. The large amount of waste residue left in the open or in simple piles not only occupies valuable land resources, but also, under natural rainfall conditions, the soluble salts in the residue are easily leached away by rainwater, and harmful elements may also seep into the soil and groundwater system, causing pollution.

[0003] Currently, this waste residue is industrial solid waste with a considerable content of valuable elements. Achieving its resource recovery is key to improving lithium resource utilization and reducing solid waste pollution. The primary step in the efficient resource recovery of lepidolite impurity removal plate frame slag is an integrated pretreatment process involving stirring leaching, solid-liquid separation, and filtrate adsorption purification. The efficiency and effectiveness of this pretreatment directly determine the purity and yield of subsequent lithium carbonate and other high-value-added materials.

[0004] Currently, there is no dedicated integrated treatment device for the pretreatment of lepidolite impurity removal plate frame slag in the industry. Most of them adopt decentralized conventional equipment for step-by-step operation, that is, the waste residue and leaching agent are mixed and reacted through ordinary mixing tanks, then solid-liquid separation is carried out through independent filtration equipment, and finally the filtrate is purified by a separate adsorption device.

[0005] The installation and operation of the aforementioned decentralized equipment require a large area, and the drive and control of each device are independent, resulting in high equipment maintenance costs and poor overall ease of operation, which increases the cost of use for enterprises. In addition, during the adsorption stage, when the adsorption material is saturated, it needs to be replaced manually by staff, which is not only labor-intensive but also cumbersome, limiting the comprehensive utilization efficiency of lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solid waste pretreatment device and a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a solid waste pretreatment device and a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials, which solves the problems of large space requirements for the installation and operation of decentralized equipment, high equipment maintenance costs, and the need for manual replacement of adsorbent materials when they become saturated during the adsorption stage, which is not only labor-intensive but also cumbersome.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the solid waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention includes: a base;

[0009] A support frame is mounted on top of the base, and a stirring and reaction assembly is mounted on the support frame for mixing and stirring solid waste materials during reaction.

[0010] A filter assembly is installed on the top of the base and located below the stirring reaction assembly. The filter assembly is used for solid-liquid separation after the material reaction.

[0011] An adsorption assembly is installed on the top of the base. The adsorption assembly contains ion adsorption resin and is used to adsorb the filtrate after solid-liquid separation.

[0012] A limiting component is mounted on the bracket and is used to limit the filter component to fix it.

[0013] A drive assembly, mounted on the bracket, is used to drive the stirring reaction assembly and the filtration assembly to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring reaction assembly includes a stirring tank, a rotating shaft, a stirring plate, a first bevel gear, and a discharge chute. The stirring tank is fixed to the support, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the stirring tank, the stirring plate is fixed to the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the stirring tank and extends to the right side of the stirring tank, the first bevel gear is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft, and the discharge chute is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank.

[0015] Preferably, the filter assembly includes a rotating column, a fixed rod, a filter frame, a filter element, a through groove, a positioning groove, and a snap-fit ​​structure. The rotating column is rotatably connected to the base, the fixed rod is fixed to the rotating column, the filter frame is fixed to one end of the fixed rod, the filter element is installed on the filter frame, the through groove is formed on the rotating column, the positioning groove is formed at the bottom of the through groove, and the snap-fit ​​structure is installed on the rotating column.

[0016] Preferably, the snap-fit ​​structure includes a mounting plate, a first snap-fit ​​block, and a second snap-fit ​​block. The mounting plate is fixed to the rotating column, and both the first snap-fit ​​block and the second snap-fit ​​block are mounted on the mounting plate, with the first snap-fit ​​block located above the second snap-fit ​​block.

[0017] Preferably, the adsorption assembly includes a collection box, an open slot, an adsorption box, a storage box, a hollow frame, a perforated plate, a discharge trough, and a sealing structure. The collection box is fixed to the base, the open slot is formed at the top of the collection box, the adsorption box is fixed to the top of the collection box, the storage box is fixed to the adsorption box, the hollow frame is installed inside the adsorption box, the perforated plate is installed on the hollow frame, the discharge trough is installed on the adsorption box, both ends of the hollow frame are connected to the storage box and the discharge trough respectively, and the sealing structure is installed on the right side of the adsorption box, the sealing structure being used to seal the discharge trough.

[0018] Preferably, the sealing structure includes a connecting shaft, a sealing plate, a rotating gear, and a support block. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the right side of the adsorption box, the sealing plate is fixed to the connecting shaft, the rotating gear is fixed to the connecting shaft, and the support block is fixed to the right side of the adsorption box, and the support block is used to support the sealing plate.

[0019] Preferably, the limiting component includes a U-shaped plate, a limiting plate, an elastic element, a connecting plate, a connecting plate, and a straight toothed plate. The U-shaped plate is fixed to the bracket, the limiting plate is slidably connected to the U-shaped plate, the elastic element is installed at the bottom of the limiting plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the top of the limiting plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the back of the limiting plate, and the straight toothed plate is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate.

[0020] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a driving component, a sleeve rod, a second bevel gear, a sliding rod, a moving plate, a positioning block, a pushing component, and a pressing rod. The driving component is fixed to the bracket, the sleeve rod is fixed to the output shaft of the driving component, the second bevel gear is fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve rod, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve rod, the moving plate is rotatably connected to the sliding rod and slidably connected to the bracket, the positioning block is fixed to the bottom end of the sliding rod, the pushing component is fixed to the bracket, the output end of the pushing component is fixed to the moving plate, and the pressing rod is fixed to the bottom of the moving plate.

[0021] This invention also provides a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials from lithium mica impurity removal plate and frame slag, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag and dilute sulfuric acid are stirred and mixed in the solid waste pretreatment device, and filtered to obtain lithium-rich filtrate A and calcium-rich filter residue A.

[0023] S2. Adsorb and purify filtrate A to obtain purified liquid, and then evaporate and concentrate the purified liquid;

[0024] S3. Add saturated sodium carbonate solution dropwise to the concentrated liquid, stir to precipitate lithium, and after the reaction is complete, filter, wash with water and dry to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate.

[0025] S4. Mix filter residue A with deionized water and wash with water, then acid wash, filter and dry to obtain high-purity calcium carbonate;

[0026] S5. Grind the dried calcium carbonate and mix it with an ethanol solution to form a suspension A. Mix tetrabutyl titanate and anhydrous ethanol to form a solution B. Add solution B dropwise to suspension A, stir and age. After aging, separate the solid and liquid, wash with water, and dry to obtain powder.

[0027] S6. Mix the powder with anhydrous ethanol, add 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane and stir, filter to obtain precipitate, add deionized water for washing, disperse the washed precipitate in deionized water, add silver nitrate and continue stirring, while adding a reducing agent for aging, separate the solid and liquid to obtain precipitate, wash with water and dry to obtain nano antibacterial material.

[0028] Compared with related technologies, the solid waste pretreatment device and the method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention provides a solid waste pretreatment device and a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials. This invention integrates stirring, filtration, and adsorption functions, reducing material transfer links between processes, significantly improving solid waste pretreatment efficiency, and meeting the needs of continuous industrial production. It also saves space occupied by equipment installation, reduces equipment layout and maintenance costs, and through the use of a pusher and a drive, can drive the stirring reaction component, filtration component, and adsorption component without the need for multiple drive devices, reducing equipment maintenance costs and improving overall operational convenience. Furthermore, the adsorbent material can be automatically replaced after saturation, resulting in high operational convenience and reducing the intensity and difficulty of manual operation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the solid waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the solid waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the stirring reaction assembly.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the filter assembly.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the adsorption assembly.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side view of the collection box shown;

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the limiting component.

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the driving component.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the actuator in its initial state.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the actuator during its initial extension.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the pusher component under secondary extension.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials from lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag provided by the present invention.

[0042] Numbering on the map:

[0043] 1. Base;

[0044] 2. Bracket;

[0045] 3. Stirring reaction assembly; 31. Stirring box; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Stirring plate; 34. First conical gear; 35. Discharge chute;

[0046] 4. Filter assembly; 41. Rotating column; 42. Fixing rod; 43. Filter frame; 44. Filter element; 45. Through groove; 46. Positioning groove; 47. Snap-fit ​​structure; 471. Mounting plate; 472. First snap-fit ​​block; 473. Second snap-fit ​​block.

[0047] 5. Adsorption assembly; 51. Collection box; 52. Opening slot; 53. Adsorption box; 54. Storage box; 55. Hollow frame; 56. Perforated plate; 57. Discharge chute; 58. Sealing structure; 581. Connecting shaft; 582. Sealing plate; 583. Rotary gear; 584. Support block.

[0048] 6. Limiting component; 61. U-shaped plate; 62. Limiting plate; 63. Elastic element; 64. Connecting plate; 65. Connecting plate; 66. Straight toothed plate.

[0049] 7. Drive assembly; 71. Drive component; 72. Sleeve rod; 73. Second bevel gear; 74. Sliding rod; 75. Moving plate; 76. Positioning block; 77. Pushing component; 78. Pressing rod. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-11 The present invention provides a solid waste pretreatment device comprising: a base 1;

[0052] Support 2, which is installed on the top of the base 1, and a stirring reaction assembly 3 is installed on the support 2. The stirring reaction assembly 3 is used for mixing and stirring solid waste materials during reaction.

[0053] The filter assembly 4 is installed on the top of the base 1 and is located below the stirring reaction assembly 3. The filter assembly 4 is used for solid-liquid separation after the material reaction.

[0054] Adsorption component 5 is installed on the top of the base 1. The adsorption component 5 is provided with ion adsorption resin. The adsorption component 5 is used to adsorb the filtrate after solid-liquid separation.

[0055] Limiting component 6, which is installed on the bracket 2, is used to limit the filter component 4 to fix the filter component 4;

[0056] The drive assembly 7 is mounted on the bracket 2 and is used to drive the stirring reaction assembly 3 and the filter assembly 4 to rotate.

[0057] In this embodiment, the solid waste material is lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag.

[0058] In this embodiment, a control panel is also provided on the right side of the bracket 2 for controlling the operation or shutdown of the equipment and adjusting the working parameters, etc. In addition, all electrical devices in this application are connected to the external power supply through the control panel, which is a conventional technology in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0059] Please refer to the following: Figure 3The stirring reaction assembly 3 includes a stirring tank 31, a rotating shaft 32, a stirring plate 33, a first bevel gear 34, and a discharge chute 35. The stirring tank 31 is fixed on the support 2. The rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the stirring tank 31. The stirring plate 33 is fixed on the rotating shaft 32. One end of the rotating shaft 32 passes through the stirring tank 31 and extends to the right side of the stirring tank 31. The first bevel gear 34 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 32. The discharge chute 35 is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank 31.

[0060] In this embodiment, the number of mixing trays 33 can be selected according to actual needs, as long as they can evenly cover the internal area of ​​the mixing tank 31, preferably three.

[0061] In one embodiment, the mixing tank 31 is fitted with a jacket, which can perform water bath heating by connecting to a water supply device and a heating device to improve the reaction rate.

[0062] In this embodiment, the outer surfaces of the first bevel gear 34 and the second bevel gear 73 mesh.

[0063] In one embodiment, a control valve is provided inside the discharge trough 35 to control the opening and closing of the discharge trough 35.

[0064] Please refer to the following: Figure 4 The filter assembly 4 includes a rotating column 41, a fixing rod 42, a filter frame 43, a filter element 44, a through groove 45, a positioning groove 46, and a snap-fit ​​structure 47. The rotating column 41 is rotatably connected to the base 1, the fixing rod 42 is fixed to the rotating column 41, the filter frame 43 is fixed to one end of the fixing rod 42, the filter element 44 is installed on the filter frame 43, the through groove 45 is opened on the rotating column 41, the positioning groove 46 is opened at the bottom of the through groove 45, and the snap-fit ​​structure 47 is installed on the rotating column 41.

[0065] In this embodiment, the filter element 44 includes, but is not limited to, filter plates, filter screens, or filter cloths, as long as it can achieve solid-liquid separation of materials.

[0066] In one embodiment, the filter element 44 is detachably installed on the filter frame 43, and the detachable method is in the form of bolts or snaps, which facilitates the replacement of the filter element 4.

[0067] In this embodiment, the positioning block 76 is located inside the through groove 45, and the diameter of the through groove 45 is larger than the width of the positioning block 76. When the positioning block 76 rotates inside the through groove 45, it will not cause the rotating column 41 to rotate.

[0068] Furthermore, the positioning block 76 is adapted to the positioning groove 46, and the shapes of the positioning block 76 and the positioning groove 46 can be any irregular shape other than a circle. When the positioning block 76 enters the positioning groove 46, the two can be engaged. The rotation of the positioning block 76 facilitates the rotation of the rotating column 41 through the positioning groove 46.

[0069] In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​structure 47, in conjunction with the limiting plate 62, can fix the rotating column 41, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating column 41 during solid-liquid separation.

[0070] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 The snap-fit ​​structure 47 includes a mounting plate 471, a first snap-fit ​​block 472, and a second snap-fit ​​block 473. The mounting plate 471 is fixed to the rotating column 41. The first snap-fit ​​block 472 and the second snap-fit ​​block 473 are both mounted on the mounting plate 471. The first snap-fit ​​block 472 is located above the second snap-fit ​​block 473.

[0071] In this embodiment, the area between the first latching block 472 and the second latching block 473 is formed as a slot, and the height of the slot is greater than the height of the limiting plate 62.

[0072] When the pusher 77 extends and drives the positioning block 76 to move down and engage with the positioning groove 46, the limiting plate 62 will move down into the empty groove, so that it will not engage with the first engaging block 472 or the second engaging block 473, and thus loses its limiting and fixing of the rotating column 41.

[0073] Please refer to the following: Figure 9 In the initial state, the limiting plate 62 is snapped into the first snap-fit ​​block 472, which can fix the rotating column 41 and ensure the stability of the filter frame 43 during solid-liquid separation.

[0074] Please refer to the following: Figure 10 After solid-liquid separation, the limiting plate 62 is located in the empty tank and is no longer fixed to the rotating column 41. At this time, the rotating column 41 can rotate, thereby enabling the filter frame 43 to move backward and discharge the filter residue (the discharge can be carried out by the staff or by cleaning with a shovel).

[0075] Please refer to the following: Figure 10 When the ion adsorption resin is discharged, the limiting plate 62 is engaged in the second locking block 473, which can fix the rotating column 41 and prevent the limiting plate 62 from being unable to return to the first locking block 472 after the rotating column 41 rotates accidentally.

[0076] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 and Figure 6The adsorption assembly 5 includes a collection box 51, an opening slot 52, an adsorption box 53, a storage box 54, a hollow frame 55, a perforated plate 56, a discharge chute 57, and a sealing structure 58. The collection box 51 is fixed to the base 1. The opening slot 52 is opened at the top of the collection box 51. The adsorption box 53 is fixed to the top of the collection box 51. The storage box 54 is fixed to the adsorption box 53. The hollow frame 55 is installed inside the adsorption box 53. The perforated plate 56 is installed on the hollow frame 55. The discharge chute 57 is installed on the adsorption box 53. The two ends of the hollow frame 55 are connected to the storage box 54 and the discharge chute 57, respectively. The sealing structure 58 is installed on the right side of the adsorption box 53 and is used to seal the discharge chute 57.

[0077] In this embodiment, the storage tank 54 stores ion adsorption resin, and the hollow frame 55 is filled with ion adsorption resin. When the filtrate enters the adsorption tank 53, it will be adsorbed and purified by the ion adsorption resin inside the hollow frame 55 through the perforated plate 56.

[0078] Furthermore, the hollow frame 55 is set at an angle.

[0079] In one embodiment, a purification liquid discharge pipe is provided on one side of the adsorption box 53, which can be equipped with a suction device to send the purified liquid after adsorption and purification to an evaporation and concentration device for concentration.

[0080] In this embodiment, when the sealing structure 58 is opened, the ion adsorption resin that has been saturated with adsorption will be discharged through the discharge trough 57 and then enter the collection box 51 for collection through the opening trough 52.

[0081] Furthermore, one side of the collection box 51 is equipped with an openable door panel, which makes it easy for staff to remove the collected ion adsorption resin.

[0082] Please refer to it again. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The sealing structure 58 includes a connecting shaft 581, a sealing plate 582, a rotating gear 583, and a support block 584. The connecting shaft 581 is rotatably connected to the right side of the adsorption box 53. The sealing plate 582 is fixed to the connecting shaft 581. The rotating gear 583 is fixed to the connecting shaft 581. The support block 584 is fixed to the right side of the adsorption box 53 and is used to support the sealing plate 582.

[0083] In this embodiment, the rotating gear 583 and the spur gear 66 are on the same meshing surface.

[0084] In this embodiment, the support block 584 can support the sealing plate 582, ensuring that the sealing plate 582 can block the discharge chute 57.

[0085] Preferably, the sealing plate 582 is equipped with a sealing element to ensure sealing during sealing.

[0086] In use, when the straight toothed plate 66 moves and meshes with the rotating gear 583, it drives the rotating gear 583 to rotate, thereby causing the connecting shaft 581 to rotate and causing the sealing plate 582 to flip upward, thereby opening the discharge chute 57 to discharge material. When the straight toothed plate 66 moves in the opposite direction and separates from the rotating gear 583, the sealing plate 582 falls due to gravity and can re-seal the discharge chute 57.

[0087] In one embodiment, a torsion spring is provided between the connecting shaft 581 and the adsorption box 53, and the elastic force of the torsion spring enables the sealing plate 582 to stably seal the discharge trough 57.

[0088] Please refer to the following: Figure 7 The limiting component 6 includes a U-shaped plate 61, a limiting plate 62, an elastic element 63, a connecting plate 64, a connecting plate 65, and a straight toothed plate 66. The U-shaped plate 61 is fixed to the bracket 2, the limiting plate 62 is slidably connected to the U-shaped plate 61, the elastic element 63 is installed at the bottom of the limiting plate 62, the connecting plate 64 is fixed to the top of the limiting plate 62, the connecting plate 65 is fixed to the back of the limiting plate 62, and the straight toothed plate 66 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate 65.

[0089] In this embodiment, the elastic element 63 includes, but is not limited to, springs, arc-shaped spring sheets, or negative pressure telescopic cylinders, etc., as long as it can provide elastic support force to the limiting plate 62.

[0090] In this embodiment, the connecting plate 65 is U-shaped, and its up-and-down movement will not affect the rotation of the filter component 4.

[0091] In use, when the pressure rod 78 moves downward and contacts the connecting plate 64, it will drive the limiting plate 62 to move downward, which in turn causes the connecting plate 65 to move downward and drive the straight tooth plate 66 to move downward. When the straight tooth plate 66 meshes with the rotating gear 583, it will drive the rotating gear 583.

[0092] Please refer to the following: Figure 8The drive assembly 7 includes a drive member 71, a sleeve rod 72, a second bevel gear 73, a sliding rod 74, a moving plate 75, a positioning block 76, a pusher 77, and a pressing rod 78. The drive member 71 is fixed to the bracket 2. The sleeve rod 72 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive member 71. The second bevel gear 73 is fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve rod 72. The sliding rod 74 is slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve rod 72. The moving plate 75 is rotatably connected to the sliding rod 74 and is slidably connected to the bracket 2. The positioning block 76 is fixed to the bottom end of the sliding rod 74. The pusher 77 is fixed to the bracket 2. The output end of the pusher 77 is fixed to the moving plate 75. The pressing rod 78 is fixed to the bottom of the moving plate 75.

[0093] In this embodiment, the driving component 71 may include, but is not limited to, a motor, a hydraulic motor, or a pneumatic motor, as long as it can drive the sleeve rod 72 to rotate.

[0094] In this embodiment, the pushing component 77 may include, but is not limited to, electric push rods, cylinders, hydraulic cylinders or linear motors, etc., as long as it can drive the moving plate 75 to move linearly in the vertical direction.

[0095] In one embodiment, an anti-rotation structure is also installed between the sliding rod 74 and the sleeve rod 72. The anti-rotation structure includes at least one anti-rotation groove and an anti-rotation block. The anti-rotation groove is opened on the inner surface of the sleeve rod 72 (in a vertical state). The anti-rotation block is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sliding rod 74 and slidably connected in the anti-rotation groove. This ensures that when the sliding rod 74 slides up and down on the inner surface of the sleeve rod 72, it can also rotate with the sleeve rod 72 to avoid slippage.

[0096] The working principle of the solid waste pretreatment device provided by this invention is as follows:

[0097] Lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag and dilute sulfuric acid are added into the mixing tank 31. In the initial state, the pusher 77 remains in place. The rotation of the drive member 71 drives the sleeve rod 72 to rotate, thereby causing the second bevel gear 73 to drive the first bevel gear 34 to rotate, which in turn causes the rotating shaft 32 to rotate and drive the mixing plate 33 to rotate, thus mixing the materials.

[0098] After the mixing is completed, the discharge trough 35 is opened to discharge the material, which enters the filter frame 43 for solid-liquid separation. The filtrate enters the adsorption box 53 and is adsorbed and purified through the perforated plate 56 and the ion adsorption resin in the hollow frame 55. The filter residue remains inside the filter frame 43.

[0099] At this time, the first extension of the pusher 77 causes the moving plate 75 to move downward, which in turn causes the sliding rod 74 to move the positioning block 76 downward. The positioning block 76 enters the positioning groove 46 to achieve engagement. The moving plate 75 also causes the pressing rod 78 to move downward, which in turn presses down the connecting plate 64, causing the limiting plate 62 to separate from the first engaging block 472 and lose its limiting effect on the rotating column 41. At this time, in conjunction with the rotation of the drive member 71, the positioning block 76 can be indirectly rotated to drive the rotating column 41 to rotate, thereby causing the filter frame 43 to move to the rear side for discharge or cleaning of filter residue. After discharge, it is reset.

[0100] When the ion adsorption resin is saturated, the pushing member 77 can extend again to move the moving plate 75 downward, thereby causing the pressing rod 78 to continue to move downward, which in turn moves the connecting plate 64 downward, causing the limiting plate 62 to move downward and engage with the second locking block 473, thus re-limiting the rotating column 41. When the limiting plate 62 moves downward, it will drive the straight tooth plate 66 to move downward, mesh with the rotating gear 583, and drive the rotating gear 583 to rotate, thereby causing the sealing plate 582 to lift upward, thus opening the discharge trough 57 to discharge the saturated ion adsorption resin, and allowing new ion adsorption resin in the storage box 54 to re-enter the hollow frame 55 for operation.

[0101] Compared with related technologies, the solid waste pretreatment device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0102] This invention integrates stirring, filtering, and adsorption functions, reducing material transfer links between processes, significantly improving solid waste pretreatment efficiency, adapting to the needs of continuous industrial production, saving space occupied by equipment installation, reducing equipment layout and maintenance costs, and through the use of push component 77 in conjunction with drive component 71, it can drive the stirring reaction component 3, the filtering component 4, and the adsorption component 5 without the need to add multiple drive devices, reducing equipment maintenance costs, improving overall operational convenience, and the adsorption material can be automatically replaced after saturation, making operation highly convenient and reducing the intensity and difficulty of manual operation.

[0103] In one case, this pretreatment device can be used for stirring, filtering, and adsorption purification of salt mud and impurity residue generated during lithium extraction from salt lakes.

[0104] In another case, this pretreatment device can be used for stirring, filtration, and adsorption purification in a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials from lepidolite impurity removal plate frame slag.

[0105] Please refer to the following: Figure 12 The present invention also provides a method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials from lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag, comprising the following steps:

[0106] Example 1

[0107] S1. Lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag and dilute sulfuric acid are stirred and mixed in the solid waste pretreatment device. During the reaction, sulfuric acid preferentially dissolves Li2CO3, while the dissolution of CaCO3 is limited (the solubility drops sharply when pH>4). The mixture is filtered to obtain lithium-rich filtrate A and calcium-rich filter residue A.

[0108] S2. Filtrate A is passed through an ion adsorption resin to remove metal ions such as calcium to obtain a purified liquid. The purified liquid is then concentrated by evaporation to achieve a lithium concentration of 26 g / L.

[0109] S3. Slowly add saturated sodium carbonate solution to the concentrated liquid at a ratio of 1.3, place it in a constant temperature water bath and react at 80°C with a stirring speed of 350 rpm for 3 hours to precipitate lithium. After the reaction is completed, filter, wash with water and dry to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate.

[0110] S4. After washing the filter residue A and deionized water three times with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, the residue A is then acid-washed with a citric acid solution of 5% citric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 to remove residual lithium and other metal ions. After filtration and drying, high-purity calcium carbonate is obtained.

[0111] S5. The dried calcium carbonate was ground to obtain nano-sized calcium carbonate powder with a particle size of (50-100nm). 20g of the nano-sized calcium carbonate powder was weighed and added to a 70% ethanol solution to form a suspension A. At the same time, 8g of tetrabutyl titanate was weighed and added to anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 to form solution B. Solution B was added dropwise to suspension A at a rate of 3ml / min and transferred to a constant temperature water bath. The mixture was aged at 50℃ for 2h with a stirring speed of 350rpm. After aging, solid-liquid separation was performed. Deionized water was added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 for washing. The mixture was dried at 105℃ for 6h to obtain CaCO3@TiO2 powder.

[0112] S6. Weigh 5g of CaCO3@TiO2 powder and mix it with anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15. After mixing, add 3g of 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane and transfer it to a constant temperature water bath. Stir at 350rpm and react at 80℃ for 1h. Filter to obtain the precipitate and wash it three times with deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3. Disperse the washed precipitate in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15. Add 2g of silver nitrate and continue to react in a constant temperature water bath at 80℃ with a stirring speed of 350rpm for 1h. At the same time, add 10ml of reducing agent prepared with citric acid and deionized water and age for 2h. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain the precipitate and wash it three times with deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio. Dry at 105℃ for 8h to obtain CaCO3@TiO2@Ag type nano antibacterial material.

[0113] Example 2

[0114] S1. Lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag and dilute sulfuric acid are stirred and mixed in the solid waste pretreatment device. During the reaction, sulfuric acid preferentially dissolves Li2CO3, while the dissolution of CaCO3 is limited (the solubility drops sharply when pH>4). The mixture is filtered to obtain lithium-rich filtrate A and calcium-rich filter residue A.

[0115] S2. Filtrate A is passed through an ion adsorption resin to remove metal ions such as calcium to obtain a purified liquid. The purified liquid is then concentrated by evaporation to achieve a lithium concentration of 25 g / L.

[0116] S3. Slowly add saturated sodium carbonate solution to the concentrated liquid at a ratio of 1.2, place it in a constant temperature water bath and react at 80°C for 3 hours with stirring at 350 rpm to precipitate lithium. After the reaction is completed, filter, wash with water and dry to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate.

[0117] S4. After washing the filter residue A and deionized water three times with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, the residue A is then washed with acid with 8% citric acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 to remove residual lithium and other metal ions. After filtration and drying, high-purity calcium carbonate is obtained.

[0118] S5. The dried calcium carbonate is ground to obtain nano-sized calcium carbonate powder with a particle size of (50-100nm). 50g of nano-sized calcium carbonate powder is weighed and added to an 80% ethanol solution to form suspension A. At the same time, 20g of tetrabutyl titanate is weighed and added to anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 to form solution B. Solution B is added dropwise to suspension A at a rate of 3ml / min and transferred to a constant temperature water bath. The mixture is aged at 50℃ for 2h with stirring at 350rpm. After aging, solid-liquid separation is performed. Deionized water is added at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 for washing. The mixture is dried at 105℃ for 6h to obtain CaCO3@TiO2 powder.

[0119] S6. Weigh 10g of CaCO3@TiO2 powder and mix it with anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12. After mixing, add 8g of 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane and transfer it to a constant temperature water bath. Stir at 350rpm and react at 80℃ for 1h. Filter to obtain the precipitate and wash it three times with deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3. Then, disperse the washed precipitate in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12. Add 8g of silver nitrate and continue to react in a constant temperature water bath at 80℃ with a stirring speed of 350rpm for 1h. At the same time, add 30ml of reducing agent prepared with citric acid and deionized water and age for 2h. Separate the solid and liquid to obtain the precipitate and wash it three times with deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio. Dry at 105℃ for 8h to obtain CaCO3@TiO2@Ag type nano-antibacterial material.

[0120] Compared with related technologies, the method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials from lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0121] This invention proposes an integration of lithium recovery and antibacterial material preparation. Lithium-calcium separation is achieved through selective lithium extraction via acid leaching, avoiding the high energy consumption of traditional high-temperature roasting processes. This enables efficient recovery of lithium from the impurity removal slag of lepidolite, producing high-purity lithium carbonate to meet market demand for lithium products and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of lepidolite resources. Furthermore, the calcium carbonate in the impurity removal slag is converted into high-value-added antibacterial nanomaterials, expanding the application areas of calcium carbonate and increasing its economic value.

[0122] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste pretreatment device, characterized in that, include: Base; A support frame is mounted on top of the base, and a stirring and reaction assembly is mounted on the support frame for mixing and stirring solid waste materials during reaction. A filter assembly is installed on the top of the base and located below the stirring reaction assembly. The filter assembly is used for solid-liquid separation after the material reaction. An adsorption assembly is installed on the top of the base. The adsorption assembly contains ion adsorption resin and is used to adsorb the filtrate after solid-liquid separation. A limiting component is mounted on the bracket and is used to limit the filter component to fix it. A drive assembly, mounted on the bracket, is used to drive the stirring reaction assembly and the filtration assembly to rotate.

2. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring reaction assembly includes a stirring tank, a rotating shaft, a stirring plate, a first bevel gear, and a discharge chute. The stirring tank is fixed to the support, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the stirring tank, the stirring plate is fixed to the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the stirring tank and extends to the right side of the stirring tank, the first bevel gear is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft, and the discharge chute is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank.

3. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter assembly includes a rotating column, a fixed rod, a filter frame, a filter element, a through groove, a positioning groove, and a snap-fit ​​structure. The rotating column is rotatably connected to the base, the fixed rod is fixed to the rotating column, the filter frame is fixed to one end of the fixed rod, the filter element is installed on the filter frame, the through groove is formed on the rotating column, the positioning groove is formed at the bottom of the through groove, and the snap-fit ​​structure is installed on the rotating column.

4. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​structure includes a mounting plate, a first snap-fit ​​block, and a second snap-fit ​​block. The mounting plate is fixed to the rotating column, and both the first snap-fit ​​block and the second snap-fit ​​block are mounted on the mounting plate, with the first snap-fit ​​block located above the second snap-fit ​​block.

5. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption assembly includes a collection box, an open slot, an adsorption box, a storage box, a hollow frame, a perforated plate, a discharge trough, and a sealing structure. The collection box is fixed to the base, the open slot is formed on the top of the collection box, the adsorption box is fixed to the top of the collection box, the storage box is fixed to the adsorption box, the hollow frame is installed inside the adsorption box, the perforated plate is installed on the hollow frame, the discharge trough is installed on the adsorption box, and both ends of the hollow frame are connected to the storage box and the discharge trough, respectively. The sealing structure is installed on the right side of the adsorption box and is used to seal the discharge trough.

6. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing structure includes a connecting shaft, a sealing plate, a rotating gear, and a support block. The connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the right side of the adsorption box. The sealing plate is fixed to the connecting shaft. The rotating gear is fixed to the connecting shaft. The support block is fixed to the right side of the adsorption box and is used to support the sealing plate.

7. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes a U-shaped plate, a limiting plate, an elastic element, a connecting plate, a connecting plate, and a straight toothed plate. The U-shaped plate is fixed to the bracket, the limiting plate is slidably connected to the U-shaped plate, the elastic element is installed at the bottom of the limiting plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the top of the limiting plate, the connecting plate is fixed to the back of the limiting plate, and the straight toothed plate is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate.

8. The solid waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive component, a sleeve rod, a second bevel gear, a sliding rod, a moving plate, a positioning block, a pushing component, and a pressing rod. The drive component is fixed to the bracket, the sleeve rod is fixed to the output shaft of the drive component, the second bevel gear is fixed to the outer surface of the sleeve rod, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the inside of the sleeve rod, the moving plate is rotatably connected to the sliding rod and slidably connected to the bracket, the positioning block is fixed to the bottom end of the sliding rod, the pushing component is fixed to the bracket, the output end of the pushing component is fixed to the moving plate, and the pressing rod is fixed to the bottom of the moving plate.

9. A method for preparing lithium carbonate and antibacterial nanomaterials from lithium mica impurity removal plate and frame slag, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Lithium mica impurity removal plate frame slag and dilute sulfuric acid are stirred and mixed in the solid waste pretreatment device as described in any one of claims 1-8, and filtered to obtain lithium-rich filtrate A and calcium-rich filter residue A. S2. Adsorb and purify filtrate A to obtain purified liquid, and then evaporate and concentrate the purified liquid; S3. Add saturated sodium carbonate solution dropwise to the concentrated liquid, stir to precipitate lithium, and after the reaction is complete, filter, wash with water and dry to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate. S4. Mix filter residue A with deionized water and wash with water, then acid wash, filter and dry to obtain high-purity calcium carbonate; S5. Grind the dried calcium carbonate and mix it with an ethanol solution to form a suspension A. Mix tetrabutyl titanate and anhydrous ethanol to form a solution B. Add solution B dropwise to suspension A, stir and age. After aging, separate the solid and liquid, wash with water, and dry to obtain powder. S6. Mix the powder with anhydrous ethanol, add 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane and stir, filter to obtain precipitate, add deionized water for washing, disperse the washed precipitate in deionized water, add silver nitrate and continue stirring, while adding a reducing agent for aging, separate the solid and liquid to obtain precipitate, wash with water and dry to obtain nano antibacterial material.

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