Pfa reference electrode automatic matching method and system based on magnetic navigation flexible catheter

Abstract

The application discloses a PFA reference electrode automatic matching method and system based on a magnetic navigation flexible catheter. The method comprises the following steps: dividing a reference electrode partition based on a three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to a pre-established three-dimensional space of a heart; acquiring a real-time position of an ablation electrode collected by a three-dimensional electrophysiology mapping system under the condition that a plurality of body surface reference electrode plates in a body surface reference electrode array are arranged in the respective matching reference electrode partitions; determining a target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array according to the real-time position and the reference electrode partition; controlling the communication between the target reference electrode and the ablation electrode to form a pulse electric field ablation loop; and outputting a pulse electric field ablation signal in response to the pulse electric field ablation signal triggered by an effective ablation coordinate point of an operation object. According to the embodiment of the application, the average length of the current path is shortened, the energy dissipation in the invalid tissue is reduced, and thus the local strength and efficiency of the ablation electric field are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electrophysiology technology, and in particular relates to an automatic matching method and system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible catheters. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, pulsed electric field ablation (PFA) technology has been widely used in the field of minimally invasive electrophysiological interventional surgery for clinical arrhythmias. PFA monopolar catheter point ablation has shown good clinical application prospects, especially the PFA flexible catheter used in conjunction with a magnetic navigation robot, which has more advantages compared with traditional manually operated radiofrequency catheters.

[0003] Similar to the ablation energy delivery mechanism used in traditional radiofrequency ablation monopolar catheters, current clinical practice using PFA monopolar catheters for ablation still involves fixing a surface reference electrode to the patient's lumbosacral region. However, this reference electrode placement method has drawbacks such as uneven ablation effects, non-optimized energy direction, and poor comparability among multiple target ablation sites. Specifically, the distance of the PFA energy loop varies significantly depending on the location of the heart; when the ablation electrode contacts the anterior endocardium of the heart, the PFA energy loop points in the opposite direction to the electrode; when ablation of distant target sites is required, the tissue structures traversed by the PFA energy loop can be significantly different; and because only a single reference electrode is placed at a single site, it is impossible to construct a combination of reference electrodes when necessary. These drawbacks significantly affect the field strength characteristics, energy direction, energy distribution, and damage efficiency of flexible catheter monopolar PFA ablation, directly impacting the short- and long-term effects and operational efficiency of PFA ablation treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an automatic matching method and system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an automatic matching method for a PFA reference electrode based on a magnetically guided flexible conduit, comprising: Based on a pre-established three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the three-dimensional space of the heart, reference electrode zones are divided, including the anterior zone, left zone, posterior zone, and right zone. With multiple body surface reference electrode plates in the body surface reference electrode array respectively set in their respective matching reference electrode partitions, the real-time position of the ablation electrode acquired by the three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is obtained. Based on the real-time location and the reference electrode partition, the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array is determined; The target reference electrode and the ablation electrode are connected to form a pulsed electric field ablation circuit. Based on the pulsed electric field ablation circuit, in response to the pulsed electric field ablation signal triggered by the operated object at the effective ablation coordinate point, the pulsed electric field ablation signal is output.

[0006] Optionally, determining the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array based on the real-time location and the reference electrode partition includes: The real-time position is mapped to the three-dimensional coordinate system to obtain the real-time coordinates; When the real-time coordinates are within the preset coordinate range of any reference electrode partition, the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the corresponding partition is determined as the target reference electrode.

[0007] Optionally, the method further includes: acquiring the pointing vector of the ablation electrode collected by the three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system in real time; The step of determining the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array based on the real-time location and the reference electrode partition further includes: When the real-time coordinates are located within any reference electrode partition and exceed its preset coordinate range, calculate the first included angle between the pointing vector of the ablation electrode and the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the reference electrode partition, and the second included angle between the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the adjacent partition of the reference electrode partition. Calculate the first deviation between the first included angle and the first preset angle, and the second deviation between the second included angle and the first preset angle, respectively; If the second deviation is less than the first deviation, the body surface reference electrode plates that match the reference electrode partition and its adjacent partitions are combined to form a reference electrode assembly, and the reference electrode assembly is determined as the target reference electrode.

[0008] Optionally, calculating the first included angle between the pointing vector of the ablation electrode and the surface reference electrode plate matching the reference electrode partition, and the second included angle between the surface reference electrode plates matching adjacent partitions of the reference electrode partition, includes: The calculation is performed based on the coordinates of the geometric center point of the reference electrode plate on the body surface.

[0009] Optionally, the three-dimensional coordinate system includes a first direction axis, a second direction axis, and a third direction axis. The first direction axis and the second direction axis form a coronal plane, the first direction axis and the third direction axis form a horizontal plane, and the second direction axis and the third direction axis form a sagittal plane. The process of dividing the reference electrode zones based on a pre-established three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the three-dimensional space of the heart includes: Based on the coronal plane, the area is divided into four fan-shaped regions at equal intervals in a clockwise direction from the corresponding position at a second preset angle to the first directional axis, resulting in the front region, left region, rear region, and right region.

[0010] Optionally, the multiple body surface reference electrode plates in the body surface reference electrode array include a left anterior chest reference electrode, a left chest wall reference electrode, a left posterior back reference electrode, and a right chest wall reference electrode. The anterior region is matched with the left anterior chest reference electrode on the body surface, the left region is matched with the left chest wall reference electrode on the body surface, the posterior region is matched with the left posterior back reference electrode on the body surface, and the right region is matched with the right chest wall reference electrode on the body surface.

[0011] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an automatic matching system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits, comprising: A controller for performing the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically navigated flexible conduits as described in any embodiment of the first aspect; Body surface reference electrode array; A three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is used to acquire the real-time location of the ablation electrodes; Magnetic navigation flexible catheter, including ablation electrode.

[0012] Optionally, the body surface reference electrode array is obtained by connecting and combining four body surface reference electrode plates, including a left anterior chest reference electrode, a left lateral chest wall reference electrode, a left posterior back reference electrode, and a right lateral chest wall reference electrode. Each of the aforementioned surface reference electrode plates has an independent output lead wire, and the independent leads of the four surface reference electrode plates are all converged into a lead wire bundle at the left chest wall reference electrode on the body surface.

[0013] Optionally, the material of the body surface reference electrode plate is a good conductor.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the body surface reference electrode plate is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, which includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; when the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the steps of the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0017] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically navigated flexible conduits provided in the first aspect of embodiments of this application.

[0018] The automatic matching method and system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible catheters in this application, by deploying multiple reference electrodes around the chest, which is more closely related to the heart's spatial relationship, and establishing a fixed zonal mapping relationship between these electrodes and the heart's internal coordinates, allows the system to dynamically select the target reference electrode to construct the circuit based on the real-time location of the ablation target. This significantly shortens the average length of the current path, reduces energy dissipation in ineffective tissue, thereby improving the local strength and efficiency of the ablation electric field and contributing to more stable and uniform transmural lesions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic matching method for a PFA reference electrode based on a magnetically guided flexible conduit, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reference electrode partitioning provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection layout of multiple body surface reference electrode plates in the body surface reference electrode array provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically navigated flexible conduits provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the specific attachment location of the body surface reference electrode from a frontal view, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5B This is a schematic diagram of the specific attachment location of the body surface reference electrode from a rear view, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure label: Electronic device 600, processor 601, memory 602, communication interface 603, bus 610. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0024] It should be noted that the acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this application embodiment all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0025] Pulsed electric field ablation (PFA) is a non-thermal ablation technique that uses a high-voltage pulsed electric field to create irreversible electroporation in the cell membrane for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. In monopolar PFA mode, current flows from the active electrode at the tip of the catheter to the passive reference electrode on the body surface.

[0026] A magnetic navigation system is a device used to precisely guide the movement of a flexible catheter in three-dimensional space within the heart, providing real-time three-dimensional coordinates and orientation information of the catheter tip.

[0027] A three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is a system used to construct a three-dimensional electroanatomical model of the heart chambers and display the catheter position in real time. It is a routine device for cardiac electrophysiological surgery.

[0028] In the field of minimally invasive electrophysiological interventional surgery for clinical arrhythmias, pulsed electric field ablation (PFA) technology has been widely used. Although PFA multipolar catheters have the advantages of high ablation efficiency, short learning curve, and simple and safe operation, PFA unipolar catheter point ablation also shows good clinical application prospects. In particular, PFA flexible catheters used in conjunction with magnetic navigation robots have more characteristics and advantages compared to traditional manually operated radiofrequency catheters.

[0029] Currently, the common technical solution used in clinical monopolar PFA ablation (whether manual or magnetically guided) is as follows: The system consists of a PFA pulse generator, a monopolar ablation catheter, a surface reference electrode (usually a large-area adhesive electrode plate), and connecting wires. While this solution achieves basic ablation functionality, it has inherent drawbacks such as uneven electric field distribution, high risk of damage to adjacent tissues, and sensitivity of the reference electrode position. Especially in magnetically guided catheter applications, the dynamic changes in catheter posture cause continuous shifts in the spatial relationship between the surface reference electrode and the catheter tip, leading to inaccurate electric field vector direction and affecting the geometric controllability and transmural consistency of the ablation lesion. The procedure involves: before surgery, attaching a single reference electrode to the skin of the patient's back or lumbosacral region; during surgery, regardless of the location of the ablation catheter near the heart, the PFA current forms a circuit between this fixed reference electrode and the catheter tip electrode. Its working principle relies on a fixed, single-circuit path, away from the heart, to complete ablation at all sites.

[0030] Specifically, the reference electrode placement method in the relevant technology has the following problems: First, the ablation effect is uneven. The heart is an organ located in the anterior part of the thoracic cavity with a complex three-dimensional structure. The distance and path between a single reference electrode fixed in the lumbosacral region and the target point on the anterior wall of the heart (such as the left atrial appendage) differ significantly geometrically and anatomically from the distance and path between it and the target point on the posterior wall of the heart (such as the pulmonary vein vestibule). According to the principle that electric field strength decreases with distance, this difference inevitably leads to uneven current density and electric field distribution flowing through different target tissues. The direct consequence is inconsistent depth and extent of ablation damage, affecting the reliability of the surgery and the long-term success rate.

[0031] Secondly, the energy direction is not optimized. When the catheter tip is pointed forward and close to the anterior wall tissue, the ideal direction of the ablation electric field should penetrate deep into the myocardium along the catheter axis. However, the actual direction of the current loop is towards the fixed reference electrode posteriorly. Therefore, the electric field direction is at an angle or even opposite to the desired ablation penetration direction, causing some of the electric field energy to be dispersed, reducing the effective penetration efficiency to the target tissue. This may require increasing energy output or ablation time, increasing the risk of unnecessary tissue damage.

[0032] Third, multi-target ablation has poor comparability. For two targets, the top of the left atrium and the right pulmonary vein orifice, which are far apart, the tissues (such as lung tissue, bone, and muscle) through which the current loop passes may be completely different in terms of thickness and conductivity. Even if the same PFA output parameters are used, the actual bioelectric effects generated at the two targets may be different due to differences in loop impedance and electric field propagation environment, making it difficult to standardize the evaluation and repeat the surgical results.

[0033] To address the problems in the related technologies, this application provides an automatic matching method and system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits.

[0034] The automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the PFA reference electrode automatic matching method based on a magnetically guided flexible conduit is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits may specifically include the following steps: S101. Based on the pre-established three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the three-dimensional space of the heart, the reference electrode partitions are divided into anterior, left, posterior and right regions. S102. With multiple body surface reference electrode plates in the body surface reference electrode array respectively set in their respective matching reference electrode partitions, the real-time position of the ablation electrode acquired by the three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is obtained. S103. Determine the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array based on the real-time position and the reference electrode partition; S104. Control the connection between the target reference electrode and the ablation electrode to form a pulsed electric field ablation circuit; S105. Based on the pulsed electric field ablation circuit, in response to the pulsed electric field ablation signal triggered by the operating object at the effective ablation coordinate point, the pulsed electric field ablation signal is output.

[0036] The specific implementation methods for each of the above steps are described below.

[0037] In some embodiments, prior to S101, a three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the three-dimensional space of the heart is established, including a first direction axis (X-axis), a second direction axis (Y-axis), and a third direction axis (Z-axis). The X-axis points from 0° to 180° from left to right, the Y-axis passes through the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system from bottom to top and intersects both the X-axis and Z-axis, and the Z-axis points from 90° to 270° from front to back. Then, the first direction axis and the second direction axis form a coronal plane, the first direction axis and the third direction axis form a horizontal plane, and the second direction axis and the third direction axis form a sagittal plane.

[0038] In some embodiments, in S101, the coronal plane is used as a reference, and from the corresponding position at a second preset angle to the first direction axis, it is divided into four fan-shaped regions at equal intervals in a clockwise direction to obtain the front region, left region, rear region, and right region.

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reference electrode partitioning in this embodiment is shown. Figure 2 As shown, taking the second preset angle of 45° as an example, the reference electrode is divided into zones starting from 45° away from the first direction axis, with the 0° coronal plane where the first direction axis is located as the reference, and the zones are divided at 90° intervals in a clockwise direction. These zones include the front zone (the area between 45° and 135° clockwise), the left zone (the area between 135° and 225° clockwise), the rear zone (the area between 225° and 315° clockwise), and the right zone (the area between 315° and 45° clockwise).

[0040] refer to Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection layout of multiple surface reference electrode plates in a surface reference electrode array. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the body surface reference electrode array is obtained by connecting and combining four body surface reference electrode plates, including the left anterior chest reference electrode, the left lateral chest wall reference electrode, the left posterior back reference electrode, and the right lateral chest wall reference electrode. Each of the body surface reference electrode plates has an independent output wire, and the independent wires of the four body surface reference electrode plates are all converged into a wire bundle at the left lateral chest wall reference electrode.

[0041] Specifically, the bus connecting the system first reaches the left chest wall reference electrode plate, and then runs in a front-to-back layout, connecting to the left anterior chest wall reference electrode plate in front, and then connecting to the left posterior back reference electrode plate and the right chest wall reference electrode plate in turn.

[0042] In some embodiments, in S102, the anterior region is matched with the left anterior chest reference electrode on the body surface, the left region is matched with the left chest wall reference electrode on the body surface, the posterior region is matched with the left posterior back reference electrode on the body surface, and the right region is matched with the right chest wall reference electrode on the body surface.

[0043] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in S103, the real-time position is mapped to the three-dimensional coordinate system to obtain real-time coordinates; if the real-time coordinates are within a preset coordinate range of any reference electrode partition, the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the corresponding partition is determined as the target reference electrode.

[0044] In another embodiment, the pointing vector of the ablation electrode acquired by the three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is obtained in real time; when the real-time coordinates are located within any reference electrode partition but outside its preset coordinate range, a first angle between the pointing vector of the ablation electrode and the surface reference electrode plate matching the reference electrode partition and a second angle between the surface reference electrode plates matching the adjacent partition of the reference electrode partition are calculated respectively; a first deviation between the first angle and a first preset angle and a second deviation between the second angle and the first preset angle are calculated respectively; when the second deviation is less than the first deviation, the surface reference electrode plates matching the reference electrode partition and its adjacent partitions are combined to form a reference electrode combination, and the reference electrode combination is determined as the target reference electrode.

[0045] In specific implementation, the calculation is based on the coordinates of the geometric center point of the surface reference electrode plate, with a first preset angle of 90°. That is, all coordinate points within the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate partition form a PFA unipolar ablation circuit with their corresponding surface reference electrodes. When the real-time coordinates are located in the edge region of the current partition, and the pointing vector of the ablation electrode is more perpendicular to the surface reference electrode plate of the adjacent partition, the surface reference electrode plate corresponding to the current partition and the surface reference electrode plate corresponding to the adjacent partition are selected to form a reference electrode combination as the target reference electrode.

[0046] In this way, when performing PFA ablation surgery at different parts of the heart, the loop distance between the monopolar electrode of the flexible catheter and the reference electrode is minimized; when the ablation electrode of the PFA electrode catheter contacts the anterior wall endocardium of the heart, the PFA energy loop can also be aligned with the electrode direction; when ablation of distant target points is required, the homogeneity of the loop structure between different ablation targets can be improved by shortening the loop distance and reducing the complexity of the loop structure; when a reference electrode combination needs to be constructed during the operation, the operator can automatically or manually select the optimal reference electrode combination; thus, by dynamically constructing the optimal PFA treatment loop and ablation energy field, the short- and long-term effects and operational efficiency of PFA ablation surgery can be directly improved.

[0047] In addition, this application also provides another method for automatic matching of PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the method may specifically include the following steps: First, the system receives automatic three-dimensional coordinate information from the electrophysiological three-dimensional mapping system, and automatically generates a three-dimensional coordinate platform for the system's operation and display. Specifically, the first direction axis (X-axis) and the second direction axis (Y-axis) form the coronal plane, with the X-axis pointing from 0° to 180° from left to right; the Y-axis and Z-axis form the sagittal plane, with the Y-axis passing through the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system from bottom to top and intersecting both the X-axis and Z-axis simultaneously; the X-axis and the third direction axis (Z-axis) form the horizontal plane, with the Z-axis pointing from 90° to 270° from front to back.

[0048] Optionally, the structure of the surface reference electrode array consists of an array of large-area electrode plates with multiple independent leads that are attached to specific anatomical sites of the chest (left anterior chest, left lateral chest, left posterior back, right lateral chest).

[0049] Based on the aforementioned three-dimensional coordinate system, this system automatically generates three-dimensional coordinate reference electrode matching zones. Specifically, using the 0° coronal plane where the horizontal axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is located as the reference, starting from 45° away from the horizontal axis, the system divides the area into zones at 90° intervals in a clockwise direction: the area between 45° and 135° clockwise is designated as the anterior zone, matching the left anterior chest reference electrode; the area between 135° and 225° clockwise is designated as the left zone, matching the left chest wall reference electrode; the area between 225° and 315° clockwise is designated as the posterior zone, matching the left posterior back reference electrode; and the area between 315° and 45° clockwise is designated as the right zone, matching the right chest wall reference electrode.

[0050] Then, determine the surface reference electrode attachment sites corresponding to the reference electrode zones. Figure 5A and Figure 5B The diagrams show the specific placement locations of the reference electrodes on the body surface from both front and rear views. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown, the left anterior chest wall is the line connecting the left edge of the sternum and the midline of the left clavicle, passing through the third rib of the left anterior chest wall; the left posterior back is the area directly below the left scapular angle.

[0051] Furthermore, the three-dimensional coordinate matching rules and standards specifically include: all coordinate points within the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate partitions form a PFA unipolar ablation circuit with their corresponding surface reference electrodes; when the ablation electrode located at a coordinate point in the periphery of the region points more perpendicularly to the surface reference electrode in the adjacent region, a reference electrode combination is constructed with the adjacent reference electrode; when calculating the distance between the ablation coordinate point and the surface reference electrode, the center point of the reference electrode is uniformly used as the reference.

[0052] Next, the 3D mapping system automatically inputs the real-time positioning parameters of the ablation electrode into this system, which automatically converts them into reference electrode partition coordinate parameters in real time. The real-time coordinate parameters of the ablation electrode are automatically matched with the 3D coordinate reference electrode partitions, meaning the system automatically matches the real-time partition coordinate parameters of the ablation electrode with the surface reference electrode. Based on the real-time partition coordinate parameters, the system dynamically constructs and automatically connects the PFA ablation loop between the ablation electrode and the reference electrode or a combination of reference electrodes. The surgeon then manually triggers the PFA ablation signal at the effective PFA ablation coordinate point, and the system automatically outputs the manually triggered PFA ablation signal.

[0053] Therefore, by deploying multiple reference electrodes around the chest, which is more spatially related to the heart, and establishing a fixed zonal mapping relationship between these electrodes and the intracardiac coordinates, the system can dynamically select the spatially nearest reference electrode to construct the circuit based on the real-time location of the ablation target. This significantly shortens the average length of the current path, reduces energy dissipation in ineffective tissue, and thus improves the local strength and efficiency of the ablation electric field, contributing to more stable and uniform transmural lesions.

[0054] It should be noted that the above description describes some embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0055] Based on the same technical concept, and corresponding to any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an automatic matching system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits.

[0056] Specifically, the PFA reference electrode automatic matching system based on magnetically guided flexible conduit includes: A controller is used to execute the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically navigated flexible conduits as described in any of the above embodiments; Body surface reference electrode array; A three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is used to acquire the real-time location of the ablation electrodes; Magnetic navigation flexible catheter, including ablation electrode.

[0057] As an optional embodiment, the body surface reference electrode array is obtained by connecting and combining four body surface reference electrode plates, including a left anterior chest reference electrode, a left posterior chest wall reference electrode, a left posterior back reference electrode, and a right posterior chest wall reference electrode.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, each of the body surface reference electrode plates has an independent output lead, and the independent leads of the four body surface reference electrode plates are converged into a lead bundle at the left chest wall reference electrode on the body surface.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the material of the body surface reference electrode plate is a good conductor that can be flexibly deformed.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, the thickness of the body surface reference electrode plate is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0061] In some optional embodiments, each of the said body surface reference electrode plates is a horizontally pasted rectangle with an area of ​​not less than 7cm x 10cm.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, the skin-adhesive surface of the electrode plates has a pre-applied medical conductive adhesive, and the adhesive surface has a removable disposable protective film; the length of the independent wires between the electrode plates is not less than 10cm; the wire bundle has an anti-interference sheath and a length of not less than 200cm; the end of the wire bundle has a connecting plug.

[0063] In some optional embodiments, the PFA reference electrode auto-matching system based on magnetically guided flexible conduit also includes a PFA generator.

[0064] It should be noted that, for ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0065] The apparatus of the above embodiments is used to implement the corresponding automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetic navigation flexible conduits in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an electronic device.

[0067] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a more specific electronic device hardware structure provided in this embodiment is shown.

[0068] The electronic device 600 may include a processor 601 and a memory 602 storing computer program instructions.

[0069] Specifically, the processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0070] Memory 602 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 602 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 602 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 602 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 602 is non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0071] In certain embodiments, the memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Thus, generally, memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the method according to one aspect of this application.

[0072] The processor 601 reads and executes computer program instructions stored in the memory 602 to implement any of the automatic matching methods for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits in the above embodiments.

[0073] In some examples, electronic device 600 may also include communication interface 603 and bus 610. For example, Figure 6 As shown, the processor 601, memory 602, and communication interface 603 are connected through bus 610 and complete communication with each other.

[0074] The communication interface 603 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0075] Bus 610 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of an online data traffic metering device together. For example, and not as a limitation, bus 610 may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 610 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of this application, any suitable bus or interconnect is contemplated herein.

[0076] For example, the electronic device 600 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, in-vehicle electronic device, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA), etc.

[0077] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the methods in the above embodiments, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when executed by a processor, these computer program instructions implement any of the automatic matching methods for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits in the above embodiments. Examples of computer-readable storage media include non-transitory computer-readable storage media such as portable disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, etc.

[0078] Based on the same technical concept, corresponding to any of the above-described embodiments, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions. In some embodiments, the computer program instructions can be executed by one or more processors of a computer to cause the computer and / or the processor to perform the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible catheters. Corresponding to the execution entity for each step in each embodiment of the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible catheters, the processor executing the corresponding step can belong to the corresponding execution entity.

[0079] It should be clarified that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of this application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of this application.

[0080] The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0081] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0082] The aspects of this application have been described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that these instructions, executable via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can also be implemented by dedicated hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0083] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits, characterized in that, include: Based on a pre-established three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the three-dimensional space of the heart, reference electrode zones are divided, including the anterior zone, left zone, posterior zone, and right zone. With multiple body surface reference electrode plates in the body surface reference electrode array respectively set in their respective matching reference electrode partitions, the real-time position of the ablation electrode acquired by the three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is obtained. Based on the real-time location and the reference electrode partition, the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array is determined; The target reference electrode and the ablation electrode are connected to form a pulsed electric field ablation circuit. Based on the pulsed electric field ablation circuit, in response to the pulsed electric field ablation signal triggered by the operated object at the effective ablation coordinate point, the pulsed electric field ablation signal is output.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array based on the real-time location and the reference electrode partition includes: The real-time position is mapped to the three-dimensional coordinate system to obtain the real-time coordinates; When the real-time coordinates are within the preset coordinate range of any reference electrode partition, the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the corresponding partition is determined as the target reference electrode.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: acquiring the pointing vector of the ablation electrode collected by the three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system in real time; The step of determining the target reference electrode in the body surface reference electrode array based on the real-time location and the reference electrode partition further includes: When the real-time coordinates are located within any reference electrode partition and exceed its preset coordinate range, calculate the first included angle between the pointing vector of the ablation electrode and the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the reference electrode partition, and the second included angle between the body surface reference electrode plate that matches the adjacent partition of the reference electrode partition. Calculate the first deviation between the first included angle and the first preset angle, and the second deviation between the second included angle and the first preset angle, respectively; If the second deviation is less than the first deviation, the body surface reference electrode plates that match the reference electrode partition and its adjacent partitions are combined to form a reference electrode assembly, and the reference electrode assembly is determined as the target reference electrode.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the pointing vector of the ablation electrode and the first angle between the surface reference electrode plate matching the reference electrode zone and the second angle between the surface reference electrode plate matching the adjacent zone of the reference electrode zone includes: The calculation is performed based on the coordinates of the geometric center point of the reference electrode plate on the body surface.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional coordinate system includes a first direction axis, a second direction axis, and a third direction axis. The first direction axis and the second direction axis form a coronal plane, the first direction axis and the third direction axis form a horizontal plane, and the second direction axis and the third direction axis form a sagittal plane. The process of dividing the reference electrode zones based on a pre-established three-dimensional coordinate system corresponding to the three-dimensional space of the heart includes: Based on the coronal plane, the area is divided into four fan-shaped regions at equal intervals in a clockwise direction from the corresponding position at a second preset angle to the first directional axis, resulting in the front region, left region, rear region, and right region.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple body surface reference electrode plates in the body surface reference electrode array include a left anterior chest reference electrode, a left chest wall reference electrode, a left posterior back reference electrode, and a right chest wall reference electrode. The anterior region is matched with the left anterior chest reference electrode on the body surface, the left region is matched with the left chest wall reference electrode on the body surface, the posterior region is matched with the left posterior back reference electrode on the body surface, and the right region is matched with the right chest wall reference electrode on the body surface.

7. An automatic matching system for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits, characterized in that, include: Controller, for executing the automatic matching method for PFA reference electrodes based on magnetically guided flexible conduits as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; Body surface reference electrode array; A three-dimensional electrophysiological mapping system is used to acquire the real-time location of the ablation electrodes; Magnetic navigation flexible catheter, including ablation electrode.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The surface reference electrode array is formed by connecting and combining four surface reference electrode plates, including the left anterior chest reference electrode, the left chest wall reference electrode, the left posterior back reference electrode, and the right chest wall reference electrode. Each of the aforementioned surface reference electrode plates has an independent output lead wire, and the independent leads of the four surface reference electrode plates are all converged into a lead wire bundle at the left chest wall reference electrode on the body surface.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material of the reference electrode plate on the body surface is a good conductor.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the reference electrode plate on the body surface is less than or equal to 5 mm.

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