Machine tool spindle thermal error prediction and compensation method and system, numerical control machine tool

By combining data-driven and physical mechanism modeling methods, accurate prediction and real-time compensation of thermal error of CNC machine tool spindles are achieved, solving the problems of insufficient accuracy and robustness in existing technologies, and making it suitable for complex machining scenarios of high-precision CNC machine tools.

CN122411252APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH +1
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Filing Date
2026-04-08
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing CNC machine tool thermal error compensation technology cannot simultaneously meet the prediction requirements of high precision and high robustness, is difficult to adapt to complex machining scenarios, and cannot achieve real-time online compensation.

Method used

By combining data-driven models with physical mechanism models, and through heat flux prediction, temperature field calculation, thermal deformation analysis, and comprehensive machine tool error analysis, combined with a residual correction module, accurate prediction and real-time compensation of spindle thermal errors can be achieved.

Benefits of technology

It improves the accuracy and robustness of thermal error prediction, can adapt to complex working conditions, achieves true real-time compensation, and is suitable for machining scenarios of high-precision CNC machine tools.

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Abstract

本发明属于数控机床控制相关技术领域,其公开了一种机床主轴热误差预测与补偿方法及其系统、数控机床。该方法将主轴热误差的预测过程拆解为热通量预测、温度场计算、热变形分析、机床整机误差等多个阶段并构建对应的模型,热通量预测模块选择数据驱动模型,而温度场计算模块、热变形分析模块、机床整机误差综合模块均选择物理机理模型,此外,还增设残差修正模块实现模型预测结果的精准校正,各模块协同耦合实现热误差的高精度、高鲁棒性预测;基于实时采集的机床运行数据完成热误差预测后,通过调整数控系统控制指令实现热误差的实时补偿,有效提升机床加工精度,可直接集成于数控系统中完成在线实时补偿,适配高精度数控机床的加工需求。
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