High-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygen-increasing fermentation equipment, which comprises a shell, a roller arranged in the shell, a first driving element for driving the roller to rotate, and a plurality of groups of adjustable plates and control mechanisms arranged in the roller; the roller is provided with air holes, and the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor and an oxygen sensor and is communicated with a humidifying pipe, a heating pipe and an oxygen supply pipe and connected with a humidifier, a heater and an oxygen generator; a PLC controller automatically controls the fermentation environment according to the sensor feedback; the control mechanism adjusts the rotation angle and swing angle of the plate through a worm and gear speed reduction motor and a first electric cylinder to realize uniform turning of the tea leaves. The equipment is also provided with a wireless charging module, a raw material conveying mechanism and a vibrator. The application can precisely control the temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration, uniformly turn the material, has high automation degree, significantly improves the fermentation quality and efficiency of the black tea, and is worth popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fermentation device, particularly a black tea fermentation device, and especially a high-quality black tea fermentation device with precise temperature and humidity control and oxygenation. Background Technology

[0002] Black tea is a fully fermented tea, and its fermentation process is highly sensitive to temperature, humidity, and oxygen supply. Traditional black tea fermentation usually involves natural piling or simple mechanical turning in a makeshift fermentation chamber. However, these traditional methods have the following shortcomings: 1) Inaccurate control of environmental parameters: Traditional fermentation equipment relies heavily on manual experience to adjust temperature and humidity, lacking real-time monitoring and automatic feedback mechanisms, which can easily lead to inconsistent fermentation levels and affect the stability of tea quality; 2) Insufficient or uneven oxygen supply: During the fermentation process, the oxygen concentration inside the tea pile is low and there is a lack of effective oxygenation methods, which leads to excessive anaerobic fermentation, producing unpleasant odors and reducing the aroma and taste of the tea. 3) Crude turning method: Existing equipment mostly uses fixed turning plates or manual turning, which results in uneven turning, easily causing tea leaves to break or local over-fermentation, and it is impossible to flexibly adjust the turning angle and frequency according to the fermentation process; 4) Low level of automation: Feeding, discharging, and environmental control rely on manual operation, resulting in low production efficiency and difficulty in achieving continuous and large-scale production; 5) Low production efficiency: Traditional fermentation methods involving stacking and manual stirring result in low production volume, making it difficult to achieve economies of scale and increasing production costs.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-quality black tea fermentation equipment that can achieve precise temperature, humidity, and oxygenation control, and has intelligent material turning and automatic loading and unloading functions, in order to solve the above problems.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN 212488286 U discloses a drum structure for a dynamic fermentation machine for black tea. This drum structure includes a horizontally arranged cylindrical drum with an insulation layer on its outer circumference. Openings at both ends of the drum form a tea inlet and a tea outlet, respectively. The inner wall of the drum has a lever for moving the tea leaves, and the lever is inclined to the axis of the drum. A hot air pipe and a spray pipe are arranged along the axis of the drum inside. The hot air pipe has multiple hot air holes on its wall, and the spray pipe has spray nozzles. A flavor enhancer delivery pipe is also located inside the drum, spirally positioned close to the inner wall of the drum and connected to the inner wall of the drum by a support column. The flavor enhancer delivery pipe has flavor enhancer nozzles. The lever's inclined and fixed position continuously moves the tea leaves to the other side of the drum, causing compression, which is detrimental to the fermentation of the black tea. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control and oxygenation fermentation equipment that can achieve precise temperature control, humidity control, and oxygenation, and has automatic material turning and feeding functions, thereby meeting the needs of high production efficiency, high output, and low production cost of black tea.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: This high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment includes a shell, a cavity inside the shell, a support member inside the cavity, a roller rotatably connected to the support member, and a first driving member for driving the roller to rotate inside the cavity; a set of levers evenly distributed along the center of the roller are provided on the inner contour surface of the roller, and a cylindrical rod is fixed to the inner end of each lever; a set of control mechanisms for controlling the rotation angle and swing angle of each lever are provided inside the roller; the control mechanism includes a plane on the inner contour surface of the roller, the cylindrical rod is located on the plane, and a lever on the roller is located at a relative position to the plane. A through hole is formed, with support plates on both outer ends. A first round rod is mounted on the through hole, and a central shaft vertically inserted into the roller is fixed at the center of the first round rod. Both ends of the first round rod are fixed to the support plates on both sides. A cylindrical rod has a circular insertion hole into which a second round rod is inserted. Both ends of the second round rod are fixed to the support plates on both sides. Extension round rods, which are inserted into the second round rod, are fixed to both sides of the cylindrical rod. Worm gear reducers are fixed to both support plates on both sides. Small gears are fixed to the output shafts of the two worm gear reducers. Large gears meshing with the two small gears are fixed to the two extension round rods. Both ends of the through hole are provided with transverse holes on the roller, perpendicularly connected to the through hole. The inlet directions of the two transverse holes are opposite. Support plates fixed to the outer contour of the roller are provided at the side ends of the two transverse holes. First electric cylinders are fixed on the two support plates. Both ends of the first round rod are provided with annular grooves, and sliding sleeves are fitted into the two annular grooves. Insert rods that are hinged to the two sliding sleeves are inserted into the two transverse holes. The ends of the two insert rods are fixed to the piston rod ends of the two first electric cylinders respectively. An end cover is inserted into one side of the roller and fixed to the shell. A conveying hopper is fixed on the end cover. A sealing cover is inserted into the other side of the roller and an exhaust fan is installed on the sealing cover. A second driving component is provided to move the cover along the axis of the roller; a set of vent holes are opened on the roller, and a protective net is fixed to the inner wall of each vent hole; a first rechargeable lithium battery is integrated on each worm gear reducer motor, and a second rechargeable lithium battery is integrated on each first electric cylinder; a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, and an oxygen sensor are installed on the inner wall of the cavity, and a humidification pipe, a heating pipe, and an oxygenation pipe are connected to the cavity; a humidifier connected to the humidification pipe is fixed inside the shell, a heater connected to the heating pipe is fixed inside the shell, an oxygen generator connected to the oxygenation pipe is fixed inside the shell, and a PLC controller and a control panel are installed on the shell. The shell serves as the external frame of the entire equipment, supporting all internal components to form a closed fermentation cavity, and providing an installation platform; the cavity, located inside the shell, is the main space for fermentation operations, accommodating the roller and related environmental control components, and possessing a certain degree of sealing and heat preservation; the support components are installed at the bottom and side walls of the cavity to support the roller and allow it to roll.The roller here serves as a cylindrical rotating container where tea leaves ferment. As the roller rotates, it agitates the tea leaves and facilitates the exchange of gas, temperature, and humidity with the surrounding cavity through ventilation holes. The first driving component provides the rotational power to the roller. The paddles, located on the inner contour surface of the roller and evenly distributed along its center, push the tea leaves upwards and then downwards as the roller rotates, thus agitating the leaves, preventing clumping, and promoting uniform fermentation. The control mechanism controls the tilting angle of the paddles, thereby controlling the timing of the upward and downward movement of the tea leaves. This precise control allows for accurate fermentation of different types of tea, resulting in higher quality black tea fermentation. When the paddles deflect at a certain angle, the force of the thrust can... The finished black tea is moved, thus pushing out the roller; the flat surface here serves to provide a plane for the cylindrical rod to deflect, preventing it from getting stuck like a round surface; the central shaft allows the first cylindrical rod to swing around its axis, thereby changing the axial tilt angle of the lever; the small and large gears form a reduction gear pair, transmitting motor power to the extended cylindrical rod, easily controlling the angular swing of the lever; the worm gear reducer motor, fixed to the support plate, outputs high torque and is self-locking; the small gear on its output shaft drives the large gear, driving the lever to rotate around the second cylindrical rod (changing the angle); the support plate, located on both sides of the through hole, serves as the base for the first cylindrical rod, the second cylindrical rod, and the worm gear. The mounting bracket for the worm gear reducer motor also serves as a force transmitter. When the first round rod deflects, the force can be transmitted to the second round rod via the support plate, thereby causing the lever plate to deflect. The horizontal holes, located on the drum, are vertically connected to the through holes; the two horizontal holes are in opposite directions and are used to accommodate the insert rod. The support plate is fixed to the outer contour of the drum and is used to mount the first electric cylinder. The first electric cylinder pushes the insert rod through the extension and retraction of its piston rod, causing the first round rod to swing, thus changing the swing angle of the lever plate. The annular groove, sliding sleeve, and insert rod are fitted onto the annular groove and hinged to the insert rod, allowing the linear motion of the first electric cylinder to be converted into the swing of the first round rod. The vent and protective mesh are located on the drum wall. The upper part allows air circulation inside and outside the drum, ensuring the exchange of oxygen, moisture, and heat. A protective net is fixed to the inner wall of the ventilation holes to prevent tea leaves from falling out of the drum. The exhaust fan here is used to promptly remove waste gas generated during tea fermentation, ensuring high-quality fermentation. The humidity sensor, installed on the inner wall of the cavity, monitors the humidity inside the cavity and drum in real time, sending the signal to the PLC controller. The temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the cavity and drum, controlling the heater's operation. The oxygen sensor detects the oxygen concentration inside the cavity and drum, controlling the oxygen generator's operation. The humidification pipe connects the humidifier to the cavity, delivering moisture into the cavity.The heating element here connects the heater to the chamber, delivering hot air into the chamber; the oxygenation element connects the oxygen generator to the chamber, delivering oxygen into the chamber; the humidifier generates water vapor to regulate the humidity of the fermentation environment; the heater generates hot air to regulate the temperature of the fermentation environment; the oxygen generator produces oxygen to increase the oxygen concentration in the chamber and promote aerobic fermentation; the PLC controller receives signals from various sensors and automatically controls the drive components, motors, electric cylinders, humidifiers, heaters, oxygen generators, exhaust fans, and other actuators according to a preset program, achieving precise closed-loop control; the control panel provides... The human-machine interface is used for setting parameters, displaying real-time data, alarm information, and manual operation. In this solution, a PLC controller and control panel are installed on the housing. The PLC controller uses a Siemens S7-1200 series or equivalent programmable logic controller, and the control panel is a touch-screen industrial LCD screen. The PLC controller has a pre-installed fermentation process program. Users can set parameters such as target temperature, humidity, oxygen content, drum circulation speed, toggle rotation angle and swing angle interval, drying temperature and duration via the control panel. The humidifier, heater, and oxygen generator are all commercially available products.

[0007] Further improvements include a first driving component comprising a rack fixed in the center of the drum, a drive motor fixed to the housing, and a gear meshing with the rack mounted on the drive motor's shaft. The rack, drive motor, and gear function to drive the drum to rotate, thereby agitating the raw materials inside the drum. This ensures the raw materials have more even contact with oxygen, moisture, and temperature, resulting in higher efficiency and better quality black tea fermentation.

[0008] Further improvements include a second driving component comprising a set of pillars fixed to the housing, each pillar having insertion holes. A set of guide pillars, which mate with the insertion holes, are fixed to the cover. A set of second electric cylinders is mounted on the housing, with the piston rods of the second electric cylinders fixed to the side of the cover. The function of this second driving component is to drive the cover to move laterally, thus facilitating the discharge of the finished black tea. The pillars and guide pillars ensure support for the cover and stability of its lateral movement, while the second electric cylinders provide the power for the cover's movement.

[0009] Further improvements include a raw material conveying mechanism on the casing; the raw material conveying mechanism includes a pair of oppositely arranged and inclined tracks, with sprockets installed at the top and bottom of both tracks, and chains installed between the upper and lower sprockets. A synchronous connecting rod is fixed between the two bottom sprockets, and a servo motor that drives the rotation of any one of the sprockets is fixed on the track; slide rails are fixed on the sides of both tracks, with the top of the slide rails being flat and smoothly transitioning to the connecting part; a hopper is provided between the two tracks, with a round push rod hinged to the bottom side of the hopper, the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the chains on both sides; a round guide rod is hinged to the top side of the hopper, with bearings installed at both ends of the round guide rod, and the two bearings are respectively rollingly connected to the rail grooves of the slide rail; the conveying hopper is provided with a horn-shaped feed inlet, and the feed inlet is matched with the position of the hopper. The function of the raw material conveying mechanism here is to transport a large amount of tea raw materials into the drum for fermentation, resulting in high output. The functions of the track, sprocket, chain, synchronous connecting rod, servo motor, slide rail, hopper, round push rod, round guide rod, and bearings are as follows: the servo motor drives the chain to rotate in a cycle, and the round push rod, which is hinged at the chain, can push the hopper upward. The top of the slide rail is flat and smoothly transitions with the connecting part, so as the round push rod continues to push the hopper upward, it will cause the round guide rod to move flat at the top of the slide rail, thus maintaining a constant angle at the top of the hopper. As the round push rod continues to move upward, pushing the hopper, it will cause the hopper to flip and pour the raw materials into the feed inlet, thereby pouring the raw materials into the drum.

[0010] Further improvements include the addition of a heat insulation layer on the inner wall of the cavity. The purpose of this insulation layer is to ensure that the temperature inside the cavity is not affected by external factors, allowing for more precise temperature control within the drum.

[0011] Further improvements include the addition of a first vibrator fixed to the outer contour surface of the hopper; and a second set of vibrators integrated into the outer contour of the drum, each containing a third rechargeable lithium battery. The first vibrator vibrates the hopper, allowing the poured material to slide quickly into the drum cavity, preventing blockages. The second vibrator ensures the material conveyed into the drum is evenly dispersed by vibration, preventing clumping.

[0012] Further improvements include the installation of a wireless charging transmitter module on the end cap, driven by a third electric cylinder fixed to the end cap. A wireless charging receiver module is installed on the side of the drum, connected to the circuitry of each of the first, second, and third rechargeable lithium batteries. The function of the wireless charging receiver module is to ensure that the rotating drum allows the raw materials (withered and rolled green tea) to have more even contact with oxygen, moisture, and temperature. Consequently, the worm gear reducer motor, first electric cylinder, and second vibrator on the drum also rotate. Therefore, the cooperation between the wireless charging receiver module and the wireless charging transmitter module allows for timely power replenishment of the first, second, and third rechargeable lithium batteries, ensuring their long-term operation. The third electric cylinder drives the wireless charging receiver module. The charging transmitter module is paired with the wireless charging receiver module to charge the first, second, and third rechargeable lithium batteries. Wireless charging uses inductive charging, so the wireless charging transmitter module does not need to be tightly attached to the wireless charging receiver module; a small gap is sufficient for charging. Therefore, even when the roller is rotating, it can still charge the first, second, and third rechargeable lithium batteries. The wireless charging receiver module and wireless charging transmitter module are commercially available products; products from Qingdao Paworth Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. can be selected.

[0013] Further improvements include the installation of heat- and moisture-proof protective covers on each worm gear reducer motor, each first electric cylinder, each second vibrator, the first vibrator, and the drive motor. The purpose of these covers is to provide heat and moisture protection to these components, thereby extending their service life and preventing short circuits caused by overheating or excessive moisture.

[0014] Further improvements include the addition of elastic rubber ring baffles on the end cap side of the roller, with each extended rod on the end cap side interlocking with the elastic rubber ring baffle. A ring baffle is also provided on the sealing side of the roller, with a connecting rod fixed between the ring baffle and the sealing cap. The function of the elastic rubber ring baffles, the ring baffles, and the connecting rod is to prevent raw materials from leaking out from both sides of the roller during rotation. Because of its elasticity, the elastic rubber ring baffles do not affect the displacement of the cylindrical rods. Instead, the elastic rubber ring baffles are automatically twisted locally to accommodate the deflection of the deflector plate, thus discharging the finished black tea from the roller.

[0015] Further improvements include a pair of opposing circular rails, with a pair of opposing support groups fixed to each cavity. Each support group includes four rectangular supports, each rotatably connected to a wheel that engages with the circular rails. A finished product receiving hopper is located at the discharge port of the roller. A maintenance staircase is located at the side of the shell, and a guardrail is located at the top of the shell. The circular rails, support groups, supports, and wheels provide suspended rolling support for the roller, limiting its movement and minimizing frictional resistance during rolling. The finished product receiving hopper guides the fermented black tea to a designated location after drying. The maintenance staircase allows operators to access the top of the equipment for maintenance. The guardrail ensures the safety of maintenance personnel.

[0016] The overall working principle of the equipment is as follows: 1) Feeding stage: Before starting the equipment, the operator sets the temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, drum speed and the action parameters of the toggle plate required for fermentation through the control panel. The PLC controller stores and executes the program; the raw material conveying mechanism starts to work: the drive motor drives the bottom sprocket to rotate, and the chains on both sides move synchronously through the synchronous connecting rod. The two ends of the round push rod at the bottom of the side of the hopper are hinged to the chain and move with the chain. The bearings at both ends of the round guide rod at the top of the side of the hopper roll along the rail groove. When the hopper rises to the top along the inclined rail, the straight section of the rail causes the hopper to automatically tilt forward and pour the tea into the conveying hopper. The funnel-shaped feed inlet of the conveying hopper matches the position of the hopper, and the tea smoothly enters the inside of the drum. At the same time, the first vibrator fixed on the conveying hopper generates high-frequency vibration to prevent the tea from clogging. After feeding is completed, the second electric cylinder in the second drive unit pushes the cover to move towards the drum. The guide post is inserted into the insertion hole of the column block to achieve the sealing between the cover and the drum. The exhaust fan is in the off state, waiting for the fermentation command; 2) Precise control of the fermentation environment: The PLC controller automatically controls the operation of the humidifier, heater, and oxygen generator based on set values ​​and real-time feedback from sensors. The moisture generated by the humidifier enters the chamber through the humidification pipe. The humidity sensor detects the relative humidity inside the chamber and automatically stops humidification when the set value is reached, and restarts it when it falls below the lower limit. The hot air generated by the heater enters the chamber through the heating pipe. The temperature sensor monitors temperature changes and maintains the suitable temperature required for black tea fermentation (usually 25-30℃). The oxygen generated by the oxygen generator is sent into the chamber through the oxygen supply pipe. The oxygen sensor provides real-time feedback on the oxygen concentration to ensure aerobic fermentation conditions. The heat insulation layer on the inner wall of the chamber reduces heat loss. Gas enters the inside of the drum through the vents on the drum. The protective net prevents tea leaves from leaking out. The exhaust fan can provide intermittent or continuous ventilation as needed to adjust the humidity and oxygen uniformity inside the chamber.3) Tea leaf turning and paddle plate control: The drum rotates under the drive of the first drive unit. The drive motor drives the gear to rotate, and the gear meshes with the circular rack fixed in the middle of the drum, thereby driving the drum to rotate continuously or intermittently. Multiple sets of paddle plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner side of the drum. Each set of paddle plates is controlled by an independent control mechanism to control its rotation angle and swing angle. Paddle plate rotation angle control: The worm gear reducer motor (powered by the first rechargeable lithium battery integrated on itself) is started. The small gear on the output shaft drives the large gear to rotate. The large gear is fixedly connected to the extension rod. The extension rod and the cylindrical rod are fixed as one piece. The cylindrical rod is fitted onto the second rod through a circular insertion hole. Therefore, when the large gear rotates, the paddle plate rotates around the axis of the second rod, changing the tilt angle (rotation angle) of the paddle plate relative to the inner wall of the drum. Achieve different levels of material turning force; Paddle plate swing angle control: The piston rod of the first electric cylinder (powered by the second rechargeable lithium battery integrated on itself) extends and retracts, driving the insert rod to move along the transverse hole 5-9. The insert rod is hinged to the sliding sleeve, which is fitted on the annular groove at the end of the first round rod. When the piston rod extends or retracts, the first round rod swings around its central axis, thereby driving the support plate and the entire paddle plate assembly to swing (swing angle) relative to the axial direction of the drum, changing the tilt angle of the paddle plate in the axial direction of the drum 3. By independently controlling the rotation angle and swing angle of each set of paddle plates, the direction, amplitude and frequency of tea turning can be precisely adjusted to avoid tea sticking or local over-fermentation, ensuring that all tea leaves are evenly exposed to temperature, humidity and oxygen environment, and can also push the fermented black tea to be discharged; 4). Dehumidification and Ventilation: During fermentation, tea leaves release moisture and heat. When the humidity sensor detects excessive humidity inside the chamber, the PLC controller activates the exhaust fan to expel the hot and humid air from the outside of the casing. Simultaneously, fresh air enters the chamber through the vents on the casing to maintain a suitable fermentation environment. The heater and humidifier automatically replenish according to temperature and humidity changes, forming a dynamic balance. The exhaust fan can also be used for drying before the end of fermentation, reducing the moisture content of the tea leaves to the target value. 5) Discharge Stage: After fermentation, the PLC controller shuts off the humidifier, heater, and oxygen generator, stops the drum rotation, and the second electric cylinder in the second drive unit reverses its action, pulling the cover away from the drum to expose the discharge port. Then the drum rotates, and the control mechanism adjusts the pusher to the pushing angle (through a combination of rotation and swing angles). The finished black tea moves towards the cover side under the pusher and falls into the finished product receiving hopper, and is discharged outwards to the designated location. If necessary, the second vibrator is activated (powered by the third rechargeable lithium battery) to generate vibration to help discharge any remaining finished black tea.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) By setting up multiple independently controllable paddles and control mechanisms, the angle, frequency, and amplitude of tea leaf turning can be precisely adjusted to avoid tea leaves sticking together or uneven turning, thereby improving the uniformity of fermentation. 2) By integrating humidity sensors, temperature sensors, oxygen sensors and PLC controllers, the temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration inside the chamber can be monitored and automatically adjusted in real time to meet the environmental requirements of different stages of black tea fermentation. 3) By setting up wireless charging transmitter and receiver modules, combined with the built-in rechargeable lithium batteries of each motor and electric cylinder, wireless power supply can be achieved for the electrical equipment inside the drum, avoiding cable tangling and improving the reliability of equipment operation; 4) By setting up a raw material conveying mechanism, automatic feeding of tea leaves can be achieved. Combined with a vibrator to prevent blockage, production efficiency can be improved and manual intervention can be reduced. 5) By setting up insulation layers, heat and moisture-proof protective covers, etc., the equipment is kept insulated and the motors, electric cylinders and vibrators operate stably in high temperature and high humidity environments, thus extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-section view; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the roller region in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB cross-section; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of CC; Figure 6 for Figure 3 DD cross-section; Figure 7 for Figure 3 EE cross-section; Figure 8 for Figure 3 FF cross-sectional view; Figure 9 for Figure 3 GG cross-section; Figure 10 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the H region; Figure 11 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the J region; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the small gear and large gear regions in this invention; Figure 13 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the K region; Figure 14 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the L region; Figure 15 for Figure 8 A magnified view of the M region; Figure 16 This is a perspective view of the raw material conveying mechanism in this invention; Figure 17 This is a side view of the raw material conveying mechanism in this invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Housing; 1-1. Cavity; 2. Support member; 2-1. Circular rail; 2-2. Support assembly; 2-2a. Support wheel; 2-3. Roller; 3. Dial plate; 3-1. Cylindrical rod; 3-1a. Vent hole; 3a-1a. Circular insertion hole; 3a-1a. Extending circular rod; 3b-1a. First driving member; 4. Circular rack; 4-1. Drive motor; 4-2. Gear; 4-3. Control mechanism; 5. Plane; 5-1. Flat through hole; 5-2. Support plate; 5-3. First circular rod; 5-4a. Central rotating shaft; 5-4b. Annular groove; 5-5. Second circular rod; 5-6. Worm gear reducer motor; 5-6a. First rechargeable lithium battery; 5-7. Small gear; 5-8. Large gear; 5-9. Horizontal hole; 5-10. Support plate; 5-11. First electric cylinder; 5-11a. Second rechargeable lithium battery. Sliding sleeve 5-12, Insert rod 5-13, End cap 6, Feed hopper 6-1, Feed inlet 6-1a, Sealing cap 7, Exhaust fan 7-1, Second drive component 8, Column block 8-1, Insertion hole 8-1a, Guide post 8-2, Second electric cylinder 8-3, Protective net 9, Humidity sensor 10, Temperature sensor 11, Oxygen sensor 12, Humidifying pipe 13, Heating pipe 14, Oxygenating pipe 15, Raw material conveying mechanism 16, Track 16-1, Sprocket 16-2, Chain 16-3, Synchronous connecting rod 16-4, Servo motor 16-5, Slide rail 16-6, Feed hopper 16-7, Round push rod 16-8, Round guide rod 16-9, Bearing 16-10, Heat insulation layer 17, First vibrator 18, Second vibrator 19, Third rechargeable lithium battery 19-1 Third electric cylinder 20, wireless charging transmitter module 20a, wireless charging receiver module 21, heat and moisture insulated protective cover 22, elastic rubber ring baffle 23, ring baffle 24, connecting rod 24a, finished product receiving hopper 25, maintenance staircase 26, guardrail 27, humidifier 28, heater 29, oxygen generator 30, PLC controller 31, control panel 32. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0021] Referring to the attached diagram: This high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment includes a shell 1, a cavity 1-1 inside the shell 1, a support 2 inside the cavity 1-1, a roller 3 rotatably connected to the support 2, and a first drive 4 for driving the roller 3 to rotate inside the cavity 1-1; a set of levers 3-1 evenly distributed along the center of the roller 3 are provided on the inner contour surface of the roller 3, and a cylindrical rod 3-1a is fixed to the inner end of each lever 3-1; a set of control mechanisms 5 are provided inside the roller 3 to control the rotation and swing angle of each lever 3-1; the control mechanism 5 includes a plane 5-1 opened on the inner contour surface of the roller 3, the cylindrical rod 3-1a is located at the plane 5-1, and a corresponding opening on the roller 3 is located at the plane 5-1. A through hole 5-2 is provided, with support plates 5-3 on both outer ends of the through hole 5-2. A first round rod 5-4 is provided on the through hole 5-2, and a central rotating shaft 5-4a vertically inserted into the roller 3 is fixed at the center of the first round rod 5-4. The two ends of the first round rod 5-4 are respectively fixed at the support plates 5-3 on both sides. A round insertion hole 3a-1a is opened on the cylindrical rod 3-1a, and a second round rod 5-5 is inserted into the round insertion hole 3a-1a. The two ends of the second round rod 5-5 are respectively fixed at the support plates 5-3 on both sides. Extension round rods 3b-1a that are inserted into the second round rod 5-5 are fixed on both sides of the cylindrical rod 3-1a. Worm gear reducers 5-6 are fixed on both support plates 5-3. A small gear 5-7 is fixed on the output shaft. Two extended round rods 3b-1a are each fixed with a large gear 5-8 that meshes with the two small gears 5-7. Both sides of the through hole 5-2 have transverse holes 5-9 that are opened on the roller 3 and perpendicularly connected to the through hole 5-2. The inlet directions of the two transverse holes 5-9 are opposite. Support plates 5-10 fixed to the outer contour of the roller 3 are provided on the sides of the two transverse holes 5-9. A first electric cylinder 5-11 is fixed on each of the two support plates 5-10. Both ends of the first round rod 5-4 have annular grooves 5-4b. Sliding sleeves 5-12 are fitted into both annular grooves 5-4b. Inserted rods 5-13, hinged together with the two sliding sleeves 5-12, are inserted into both transverse holes 5-9. The ends of the two inserted rods 5-13 are respectively connected to… The piston rod ends of the two first electric cylinders 5-11 are fixed together; an end cover 6 is inserted into one side of the roller 3, and the end cover 6 is fixed to the housing 1. A conveying hopper 6-1 is fixed on the end cover 6; a sealing cover 7 is inserted into the other side of the roller 3, and an exhaust fan 7-1 is installed on the sealing cover 7. A second driving component 8 that drives the sealing cover 7 to move along the axis of the roller 3 is fixed on the housing 1; a set of ventilation holes 3a are opened on the roller 3, and a protective net 9 is fixed on the inner wall of each ventilation hole 3a; a first rechargeable lithium battery 5-6a is integrated on each worm gear reducer motor 5-6, and a second rechargeable lithium battery 5-11a is integrated on each first electric cylinder 5-11; a humidity sensor 10, a temperature sensor 11, and an oxygen sensor 12 are installed on the inner wall of the cavity 1-1, and a humidification pipe 13, a heating pipe 14, and an oxygenation pipe 15 are connected to the cavity 1;A humidifier 28 connected to a humidification pipe 13 is fixed inside the housing 1; a heater 29 connected to a heating pipe 14 is fixed inside the housing 1; an oxygen generator 30 connected to an oxygen supply pipe 15 is fixed inside the housing 1; and a PLC controller 31 and a control panel 32 are installed in the housing 1.

[0022] The first driving component 4 includes a circular rack 4-1 fixed in the middle of the roller 3, a drive motor 4-2 fixed in the housing 1, and a gear 4-3 that meshes with the rack 4-1 mounted on the shaft of the drive motor 4-2.

[0023] The second driving component 8 includes a set of pillars 8-1 fixed to the housing 1, with insertion holes 8-1a on the pillars 8-1. A set of guide pillars 8-2 that mate with the insertion holes 8-1a are fixed on the cover 7. A set of second electric cylinders 8-3 are installed on the housing 1, and the piston rods of the second electric cylinders 8-3 are all fixed to the side of the cover 7.

[0024] A raw material conveying mechanism 16 is provided at the housing 1; the raw material conveying mechanism 16 includes a pair of oppositely arranged and inclined tracks 16-1, sprockets 16-2 are installed at the top and bottom of the two tracks 16-1, a chain 16-3 is installed between the upper and lower sprockets 16-2, a synchronous connecting rod 16-4 is fixed between the bottom two sprockets 16-2, and a servo motor 16-5 for driving the rotation of any one of the sprockets 16-2 is fixed on the track 16-1; a slide rail 16-6 is fixed on the side of the two tracks 16-1, the top of the slide rail 16-6 is flat and the connecting part is round. A sliding transition is provided between the two tracks 16-1, and a hopper 16-7 is provided between them. A round push rod 16-8 is hinged to the bottom side of the hopper 16-7. The two ends of the round push rod 16-8 are respectively hinged to the chains 16-3 on both sides. A round guide rod 16-9 is hinged to the top side of the hopper 16-7. Bearings 16-10 are installed at both ends of the round guide rod 16-9. The two bearings 16-10 are respectively rolled and connected to the rail groove of the slide rail 16-6. The conveying hopper 6-1 is provided with a horn-shaped feed inlet 6-1a, and the feed inlet 6-1a is matched with the position of the hopper 16-7.

[0025] The inner wall of cavity 1 is provided with a heat insulation layer 17.

[0026] A first vibrator 18 is fixed on the outer contour surface of the hopper 6-1; a set of second vibrators 19 are provided on the outer contour of the drum 3, and a third rechargeable lithium battery 19-1 is integrated on the second vibrator 19.

[0027] A wireless charging transmitter module 20a driven by a third electric cylinder 20 fixed on the end cover 6 is installed on the end cover 6. A wireless charging receiver module 21 is installed on the side of the roller 3. The wireless charging receiver module 21 is connected to each of the first charging lithium batteries 5-6a and each of the second charging lithium batteries 5-11a.

[0028] Each worm gear reducer motor 5-6, each first electric cylinder 5-11, each second vibrator 19, and each first vibrator 18 is covered with a heat-insulating and moisture-proof protective cover 22.

[0029] The end cap 6 of the roller 3 is provided with an elastic rubber ring baffle 23. Each of the extended round rods 3b-1a on the end cap 6 is inserted into the elastic rubber ring baffle 23. The sealing cover 7 of the roller 3 is provided with a ring baffle 24. A connecting rod 24a is fixed between the ring baffle 24 and the sealing cover 7.

[0030] The support component 2 includes a pair of opposing circular rails 2-1. A pair of opposing support groups 2-2 are fixed at the cavity 1-1. Each support group 2-2 includes four rectangular supports 2-2a. Each support 2-2a is rotatably connected to a rail wheel 2-3 that cooperates with the circular rails 2-1. A finished product receiving hopper 25 is provided at the discharge port of the roller 3. A maintenance staircase 26 is provided at the side end of the shell 1, and a guardrail 27 is provided at the top of the shell 1.

[0031] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, the tea raw material (fresh tea that has undergone withering and rolling) is poured into the feeding hopper 16-7. The tea raw material in the feeding hopper 16-7 is then fed into the inlet 6-1a, and then enters the drum 3 through the conveying hopper 6-1. The feeding hopper 16-7 repeatedly feeds the tea raw material, ensuring that there is enough tea raw material in the drum 3. At this time, the drive motor 4-2 has been started and drives the drum 3 to rotate at a slow speed (30 revolutions per minute). Then, through the vibration of each of the second vibrators 19, the tea raw material is evenly spread in the drum 3. At this time, the humidity sensor 10, temperature sensor 11, and oxygen sensor 12 monitor the humidity, temperature, and oxygen parameters in the cavity 1-1 in real time. Through the humidifier 28 and heater 29, Oxygen generator 30 injects humidity, heat, and oxygen into the cavity, creating an optimal fermentation environment for the tea raw materials. Since different tea raw materials require different humidity, heat, and oxygen parameters, the worm gear reducer motors 5-6 can be controlled to drive the pinion 5-7 to rotate, which in turn drives the large gear 5-8. The large gear 5-8 then drives the extension rod 3b-1a to rotate, thereby causing the turntable 3-1 to rotate along the cylindrical rod 3-1a at different angles to accommodate the varying time requirements for tumbling of different tea raw materials. Waste gas during fermentation is promptly discharged via exhaust fan 7-1. After fermentation is complete (black tea fermentation time is generally 2-6 hours), the tea raw materials need to be dried (at this time, humidifier 28 and oxygen generator 30 stop operating). Heater 29 provides high-temperature air, which then tumbles and dries the fermented black tea inside drum 3. The resulting moisture is promptly discharged via exhaust fan 7-1. The dried black tea... The finished product needs to be discharged from the roller 3 in a timely manner. At this point, the second electric cylinder 8-3 is activated, causing the cover 7 and the annular baffle 24 to move outward synchronously, thus exposing the opening of the roller 3. Simultaneously, the inner and outer first electric cylinders 5-11 are activated, thereby driving the insertion rod 5-13 to move, which in turn drives the sliding sleeve 5-12 to move. The synchronous movement of the inner and outer sliding sleeves 5-12 will cause the first round rod 5-4 to deflect, and thus, through the force transmission of the support plate 5-3, the force is transmitted to the second round rod 5-5. This causes the cylindrical rod 3-1a to deflect, which in turn causes the lever 3-1 to deflect at an angle. As a result, each lever 3-1 is in a deflecting pushing state. At this time, the rotating drum 3, through the pushing force of each lever 3-1, pushes the dried black tea out from the end of the drum 3 and drops it into the finished product receiving hopper 25. Since the receiving surface of the finished product receiving hopper 25 is inclined downward, the finished black tea that falls into the finished product receiving hopper 25 is quickly discharged from the side of the shell 1 by gravity.This invention achieves precise temperature, humidity, and oxygenation control during the black tea fermentation process, as well as intelligent material turning (instead of using a paddle to turn the tea leaves, the tea leaves are moved by the inner wall of a drum and tumble as the drum rotates, preventing the tea leaves from breaking and resulting in better quality). This significantly improves fermentation uniformity and tea quality, reduces manual labor intensity, and is suitable for large-scale production. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor, oxygen sensor, first vibrator, and second vibrator are all commercially available products.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation device, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a cavity (1-1), a support member (2) is provided in the cavity (1-1), a roller (3) is slidably connected to the support member (2), and a first driving member (4) is provided in the cavity (1-1) to drive the roller (3) to rotate. A set of levers (3-1) evenly distributed along the center of the roller (3) are provided on the inner contour surface of the roller (3). A cylindrical rod (3-1a) is fixed to the inner end of each lever (3-1). A set of control mechanisms (5) is provided inside the roller (3) to control the rotation angle and swing angle of each lever (3-1). The control mechanism (5) includes a plane (5-1) on the inner contour surface of the roller (3). The cylindrical rod (3-1a) is located on the plane (5-1). A through hole (5-2) is provided on the roller (3) at the relative position of the plane (5-1). -2) Support plates (5-3) are provided on both outer ends. A first round rod (5-4) is provided on the flat through hole (5-2). A central rotating shaft (5-4a) vertically inserted into the roller (3) is fixed at the center of the first round rod (5-4). The two ends of the first round rod (5-4) are respectively fixed at the support plates (5-3) on both sides. A round insertion hole (3a-1a) is opened on the cylindrical rod (3-1a). A second round rod (5-5) is inserted into the round insertion hole (3a-1a). The two ends of the second round rod (5-5) are respectively fixed at the support plates (5-3) on both sides. The cylindrical rod (3-1a) On both sides, there are extension rods (3b-1a) that are inserted into the second rod (5-5). On both sides of the support plate (5-3), there are worm gear reducers (5-6). On the output shafts of the two worm gear reducers (5-6), there are pinions (5-7). On both extension rods (3b-1a), there are large gears (5-8) that mesh with the two pinions (5-7). On both sides of the through hole (5-2), there are transverse holes (5-9) that are opened on the roller (3) and perpendicularly connected to the through hole (5-2). The inlet directions of the two transverse holes (5-9) are opposite. Conversely, each of the two transverse holes (5-9) is provided with a support plate (5-10) fixed to the outer contour of the roller (3). Each of the two support plates (5-10) is fixed with a first electric cylinder (5-11). Both ends of the first round rod (5-4) are provided with annular grooves (5-4b). Each of the two annular grooves (5-4b) is fitted with a sliding sleeve (5-12). Each of the two transverse holes (5-9) is inserted with a rod (5-13) hinged together with the two sliding sleeves (5-12). The ends of the two rods (5-13) are respectively fixed together with the piston rod ends of the two first electric cylinders (5-11). An end cap (6) is inserted into one side of the roller (3), and the end cap (6) is fixed to the housing (1). A conveying hopper (6-1) is fixed on the end cap (6). A sealing cover (7) is inserted into the other side of the roller (3), and an exhaust fan (7-1) is installed on the sealing cover (7). A second driving member (8) is fixed on the housing (1) to drive the sealing cover (7) to move along the axis of the roller (3). The roller (3) has a set of ventilation holes (3a), and a protective net (9) is fixed on the inner wall of each ventilation hole (3a); each worm gear reducer motor (5-6) is integrated with a first rechargeable lithium battery (5-6a), and each first electric cylinder (5-11) is integrated with a second rechargeable lithium battery (5-11a). A humidity sensor (10), a temperature sensor (11), and an oxygen sensor (12) are installed on the inner wall of the cavity (1-1). A humidification pipe (13), a heating pipe (14), and an oxygen supply pipe (15) are connected to the cavity (1-1).

2. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving component (4) includes a circular rack (4-1) fixed in the middle of the roller (3), a drive motor (4-2) fixed in the housing (1), and a gear (4-3) meshing with the rack (4-1) mounted on the shaft of the drive motor (4-2).

3. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving component (8) includes a set of pillars (8-1) fixed at the housing (1), the pillars (8-1) having insertion holes (8-1a), the cover (7) having a set of guide pillars (8-2) that cooperate with the insertion holes (8-1a), and the housing (1) having a set of second electric cylinders (8-3) installed on it, the piston rods of the second electric cylinders (8-3) being fixed at the side of the cover (7).

4. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A raw material conveying mechanism (16) is provided at the housing (1); the raw material conveying mechanism (16) includes a pair of oppositely arranged and inclined tracks (16-1), sprockets (16-2) are installed at the top and bottom of the two tracks (16-1), a chain (16-3) is installed between the upper and lower sprockets (16-2), a synchronous connecting rod (16-4) is fixed between the bottom two sprockets (16-2), and a servo motor (16-5) for driving the rotation of any one of the sprockets (16-2) is fixed on the track (16-1); a slide rail (16-6) is fixed on the side of the two tracks (16-1), the top of the slide rail (16-6) is flat and the connecting part is round. A hopper (16-7) is provided between the two tracks (16-1). A round push rod (16-8) is hinged to the bottom side of the hopper (16-7). The two ends of the round push rod (16-8) are respectively hinged to the chains (16-3) on both sides. A round guide rod (16-9) is hinged to the top side of the hopper (16-7). Bearings (16-10) are installed at both ends of the round guide rod (16-9). The two bearings (16-10) are respectively rolled and connected to the rail groove of the slide rail (16-6). The feed hopper (6-1) is provided with a horn-shaped feed inlet (6-1a). The feed inlet (6-1a) is matched with the position of the hopper (16-7).

5. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cavity (1) is provided with a heat insulation layer (17).

6. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first vibrator (18) is fixed on the outer contour surface of the hopper (6-1); a set of second vibrators (19) is provided on the outer contour of the roller (3), and a third rechargeable lithium battery (19-1) is integrated on the second vibrator (19).

7. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end cap (6) is equipped with a wireless charging transmitter module (20a) driven by a third electric cylinder (20) fixed on the end cap (6). The side of the roller (3) is equipped with a wireless charging receiver module (21). The wireless charging receiver module (21) is connected to each of the first rechargeable lithium batteries (5-6a), each of the second rechargeable lithium batteries (5-11a) and each of the third rechargeable lithium batteries (19-1).

8. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the worm gear reducer motors (5-6), each of the first electric cylinders (5-11), each of the second vibrators (19), the first vibrator (18), and the drive motor (4-2) is covered with a heat-insulating and moisture-proof protective cover (22).

9. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cap (6) side of the roller (3) is provided with an elastic rubber ring baffle (23), and each of the extended round rods (3b-1a) on the end cap (6) side is inserted together with the elastic rubber ring baffle (23). The sealing cap (7) side of the roller (3) is provided with a ring baffle (24), and a connecting rod (24a) is fixed between the ring baffle (24) and the sealing cap (7).

10. The high-quality black tea precise temperature and humidity control oxygenation fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member (2) includes a pair of oppositely arranged circular rails (2-1), and a pair of oppositely arranged support groups (2-2) are fixed at each cavity (1-1). Each of the two support groups (2-2) includes four rectangular supports (2-2a). Each support (2-2a) is rotatably connected to a rail wheel (2-3) that cooperates with the circular rail (2-1). The discharge port of the roller (3) is provided with a finished product receiving hopper (25). The side end of the shell (1) is provided with a maintenance staircase (26), and the top of the shell (1) is provided with a guardrail (27).

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