Mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device and working method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device and its working method, belong to industrial oil fume purification technical field, the device includes centrifugal processing mechanism, cyclone centrifuge, electrostatic treatment mechanism and UV processing mechanism, centrifugal processing mechanism is provided with multiple layers of rotational speed gradually increasing, oil throwing gap gradually reducing centrifugal oil throwing disc, the realization of oil droplet's gradually staged capture;Electrostatic treatment mechanism uses movable sealing structure to cooperate with center nozzle to realize the online cleaning of anode cylinder and cathode sleeve needle;UV processing mechanism uses rotating transparent ring to cooperate with UV lamp to realize gas deep purification;The present application is through mechanical centrifugal, cyclone separation, electrostatic adsorption and UV photolysis multistage composite purification, cooperate online self-cleaning function, realizes the efficient, continuous, maintenance-free purification treatment of oil fume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial oil fume purification technology, and in particular to a mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial fume purification is an environmental challenge faced by industries such as catering, chemical, and printing and dyeing.

[0003] Existing fume purification devices mainly suffer from the following technical defects: Low centrifugal separation efficiency: Traditional centrifugal oil slingers use a design with equal rotation speed and equal gap, and large and small oil droplets are separated in the same centrifugal force field, making it difficult to effectively capture small-diameter oil droplets. Cleaning the electrostatic unit is difficult: After long-term operation, the anode cylinder and cathode needle of the electrostatic treatment unit will be covered with viscous oil and carbon deposits. Traditional cleaning methods require stopping the machine and disassembling, which is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive. UV unit transmittance decreases: The transparent tube wall of the UV treatment unit is exposed to oil fumes for a long time, and an oil film will adhere to the surface, which will reduce the ultraviolet transmittance and affect the photolysis efficiency. Insufficient multi-level coordination: Each purification unit operates independently, lacking system-level collaborative optimization, and the overall purification efficiency needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by this invention is to provide a mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device and its working method, which achieves efficient, continuous and maintenance-free purification treatment of oil fumes through multi-stage composite purification and online self-cleaning function.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device includes a centrifugal treatment mechanism, a cyclone centrifuge, an electrostatic treatment mechanism, and a UV treatment mechanism. The centrifugal treatment mechanism is installed at the air inlet of the cyclone centrifuge, the air outlet of the cyclone centrifuge is connected to the air inlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism through a pipe, and the air outlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism is connected to the air inlet of the UV treatment mechanism. The cyclone centrifuge includes a first cylinder, in which a plurality of centrifugal oil-throwing discs are rotatably installed. Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder, the rotational speed of the plurality of centrifugal oil-throwing discs increases step by step, and the oil-throwing gap decreases step by step. The electrostatic treatment mechanism includes a housing, which contains an electrostatic treatment space and a reserved cleaning space. The electrostatic treatment components are located within the electrostatic treatment space. The electrostatic treatment space includes partitions symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the housing. Several anode cylinders are mounted on two partitions in a rectangular array. A support pipe is installed inside the housing and outside the air inlet of the anode cylinders. The sleeve of the support pipe is connected to a central nozzle located at the center of the anode cylinders. Several first spray holes are opened circumferentially on the outer side of the central nozzle. A translation frame is installed inside the housing and outside the air outlet of the anode cylinders. The translation frame is connected to several cathode pins. The cathode pins are slidably fitted on the outer side of the central nozzle. A first sealing plate is slidably fitted on the central nozzle and outside the air inlet of the anode cylinders. A second sealing plate is installed at the end of the cathode pins and outside the air outlet of the anode cylinders. Both the first and second sealing plates are adapted to the anode cylinders.

[0006] The UV treatment mechanism includes a second cylinder, with retaining rings at both ends of the second cylinder, and the retaining rings are rotatably connected to the bearings at both ends of the transparent ring. Several lamp covers with openings facing the transparent ring are installed at equal angles in the circumferential direction between the second cylinder and the transparent ring, and UV lamps are installed inside the lamp covers.

[0007] Preferably, planetary gear housings are installed inside the first cylinder via several support arms, and the planetary gear housings and centrifugal oil slingers are arranged alternately and at intervals along the axial direction of the first cylinder. A central tooth is rotatably installed at the center of each planetary gear housing, and the central tooth is fixedly sleeved on a central shaft. The central teeth in adjacent planetary gear housings are coaxially connected through the same central shaft. A rotating ring is rotatably installed on the outer bearing of each planetary gear housing. Several mounting shafts are arranged in a circumferential direction on the inner side of the rotating ring, and planetary teeth that mesh with the central teeth are installed on the mounting shafts.

[0008] Preferably, the rotating ring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjacent centrifugal oil-throwing disc via a bushing seat. The central shaft passes through the multi-layered centrifugal oil-throwing disc and bushing seat in sequence, and is clearance-fitted with the centrifugal oil-throwing disc and bushing seat. Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder, the ratio of the number of teeth of the central tooth to the number of teeth of the planetary tooth increases step by step.

[0009] Preferably, the first sealing plate is connected to the sliding sleeve at the end of the central nozzle, and adjacent sliding sleeves are connected by a first connecting arm and a second connecting arm, respectively. A plurality of first pneumatic cylinders are installed between the two partitions, and the telescopic ends of the first pneumatic cylinders are connected to the second connecting arm. A reserved space is provided between the first sealing plate and the cathode needle.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of second pneumatic cylinders are installed between the two partitions, and the telescopic ends of the second pneumatic cylinders are connected to the translation frame.

[0011] Preferably, a number of annular spray seats are installed on the outside of the anode cylinder outlet end and on the partition plate, and the outer side of the annular spray seats is provided with a conical surface, and a number of second spray holes facing the cathode sleeve are opened on the conical surface.

[0012] Preferably, a bottom spray pipe with both ends connected to the retaining ring is installed inside the lower part of the transparent ring, and a third spray hole is opened on the bottom side of the bottom spray pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the outer side of the transparent ring is provided with external teeth, the second cylinder is equipped with a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is equipped with rotating teeth that mesh with the external teeth.

[0014] A working method for a mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device, the specific operating steps of which are as follows: Step 1: During dynamic centrifugal separation, the first motor starts and drives the central shaft to rotate at a constant speed. The central shaft drives the planetary teeth to rotate through the central teeth in each planetary gear housing. The planetary teeth drive the rotating ring to revolve. The rotating ring drives each centrifugal oil-throwing disc to rotate through the shaft sleeve seat. Along the airflow direction in the first cylinder, due to the increasing ratio of the number of teeth of the central teeth to the planetary teeth, the rotation speed of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc increases step by step. At the same time, the oil-throwing gap of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc decreases step by step. The industrial oil fume exhaust gas passes through the multi-layer centrifugal oil-throwing discs with progressively increasing rotation speed and progressively decreasing gap in the first cylinder. First, it passes through the low-speed, large-gap centrifugal oil-throwing disc at the air inlet. Large oil droplets with a particle size greater than 10m are intercepted and thrown towards the inner wall of the first cylinder. After accumulating into an oil film, it flows along the wall to the bottom oil outlet and is discharged. The gas after preliminary separation continues forward and passes through the medium-speed, medium-gap centrifugal oil-throwing discs and the high-speed, small-gap centrifugal oil-throwing discs step by step to capture medium-sized oil droplets of 1-10m and fine-sized oil droplets of 0.1-1m. Step 2: The gas separated by the multi-layer centrifugal oil-slinging discs in the first cylinder enters the cyclone separation section of the cyclone centrifuge. Using the centrifugal force generated by the tangential air intake, the medium-sized oil droplets remaining in the gas are further separated. The separated oil droplets fall down along the inner wall of the cyclone centrifuge to the bottom oil collection tank. The gas after dynamic centrifugal separation by the cyclone centrifuge is discharged from the outlet and enters the inlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism through the pipeline. Step 3: The electrostatic treatment mechanism is in normal purification state, with both the first and second sealing plates in the open position. The cathode sleeve is located at the center of the anode cylinder. The gas treated by the cyclone centrifuge enters the electrostatic treatment space inside the chamber and flows through the high-voltage non-uniform electric field between the anode cylinder and the cathode sleeve. The cathode sleeve is connected to the high-voltage power supply and generates corona discharge, which charges the oil mist particles. Under the action of the electric field force, the charged particles are adsorbed onto the inner wall of the anode cylinder, gather into oil droplets, and flow down the wall, collecting at the oil drain port at the bottom of the chamber and being discharged. The gas treated by electrostatics is discharged from the air outlet of the chamber and enters the air inlet of the UV treatment mechanism through the pipeline. Step 4: The gas after electrostatic treatment enters the second cylinder. At this time, the second motor starts and drives the transparent ring to slowly rotate around the axis of the second cylinder through the meshing of the rotating teeth with the outer teeth on the outside of the transparent ring. The ultraviolet rays emitted by the UV lamp pass through the transparent ring and irradiate the gas flowing through the second cylinder. The gas after UV treatment becomes clean air and is discharged from the gas outlet of the second cylinder and discharged through the chimney in compliance with emission standards. Step 5: The first pneumatic cylinder pushes the sliding sleeve through the first and second connecting arms. The sliding sleeve moves the first sealing plate towards the air inlet, inserting it into the air inlet of the anode cylinder to achieve a seal. The second pneumatic cylinder pushes the translation frame towards the air outlet, causing the cathode sleeve and the second sealing plate to move synchronously. The second sealing plate is then inserted into the air outlet of the anode cylinder to achieve a seal. At this point, both ends of the anode cylinder are sealed. The first nozzle on the central nozzle, not blocked by the first sealing plate, sprays high-temperature steam into the reserved annular space. The steam penetrates, softens, and dissolves the viscous oil and carbon deposits adhering to the inner wall of the anode cylinder and the surface of the cathode sleeve. After the steam softening is complete, hot water rinsing is performed. The first pneumatic cylinder retracts, and through the first and second connecting arms, it moves the sliding sleeve and the first sealing plate towards the air outlet. The sealing plate moves outward to the air inlet end, opening the air inlet end of the anode cylinder. The second pneumatic cylinder pushes the translation frame to move outward to the air outlet end. The translation frame drives the cathode sleeve and the second sealing plate to continue moving, so that the cathode sleeve completely retracts from the anode cylinder. The second sealing plate opens the air outlet end of the anode cylinder. The central nozzle sprays high-pressure hot water in all directions through all the first nozzle holes, performing a 360-degree circumferential flushing of the inner wall of the anode cylinder to wash away the softened oil. The annular spray seat on the partition sprays hot water towards the moving cathode sleeve through the second nozzle hole on its conical surface to remove the oil adhering to the surface of the cathode sleeve. After flushing, the hot water supply of the central nozzle and the annular spray seat is turned off, and compressed air is introduced to blow the inner wall of the anode cylinder and the surface of the retracted cathode sleeve to remove residual moisture. Step Six: The second motor drives the transparent ring to keep rotating, and the third nozzle of the bottom spray pipe sprays hot water onto the lower inner wall of the transparent ring. The rotation of the transparent ring causes the sprayed cleaning liquid to evenly cover the entire inner wall of the transparent ring, washing away and dissolving the attached oil film. The rinsing wastewater is discharged from the drain port at the bottom of the second cylinder. After washing is completed, the cleaning liquid supply of the bottom spray pipe is turned off, and hot air is introduced to blow away the inner wall of the transparent ring to remove residual moisture, restore the light transmittance of the transparent ring, and ensure that the ultraviolet rays of the UV lamp effectively irradiate the gas.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Along the airflow direction, the ratio of the number of teeth between the central teeth and the planetary teeth gradually increases, causing the rotational speed of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc to gradually increase, while the oil-throwing gap gradually decreases. At the inlet, the low rotational speed and large gap capture large oil droplets with a particle size >10 μm; in the middle section, the medium rotational speed and medium gap capture medium-sized oil droplets with a particle size of 1-10 μm; and at the outlet, the high rotational speed and small gap capture fine oil droplets with a particle size of 0.1-1 μm. This staged capture results in high overall separation efficiency. During cleaning, the first and second sealing plates respectively seal both ends of the anode cylinder to form a closed cleaning chamber. High-temperature steam is used to soften the viscous oil stains on the anode cylinder and cathode sleeve. Then, the cathode sleeve moves along the central nozzle and is flushed with high-pressure hot water through the central nozzle. The second nozzle on the conical surface of the annular spray seat sprays hot water towards the moving cathode sleeve to achieve online automatic cleaning. After cleaning, compressed air is used to dry it. The whole process does not require disassembly. The transparent ring rotates slowly under the drive of the second motor. The cleaning liquid sprayed from the bottom nozzle evenly covers the entire inner wall of the transparent ring under the action of centrifugal force, washing away and dissolving the oil film, restoring light transmittance, and ensuring the efficiency of UV lamp irradiation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the centrifugal processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the centrifugal processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic treatment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first internal structure of the electrostatic treatment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second internal structure of the electrostatic treatment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the central nozzle and cathode sleeve of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the UV treatment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the UV processing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the UV treatment mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] Legend: 1. Centrifugal treatment mechanism; 2. Cyclone centrifuge; 3. Electrostatic treatment mechanism; 4. UV treatment mechanism; 5. First cylinder; 6. Centrifugal oil slinger; 7. Planetary gear housing; 8. Central shaft; 9. Central gear; 10. Rotary ring; 11. Shaft sleeve seat; 12. Mounting shaft; 13. Planetary gear; 14. First motor; 15. Housing; 16. Partition plate; 17. Anode cylinder; 18. Support tube; 19. Tube sleeve; 20. Central nozzle; 21. First 21. Nozzle; 22. Cathode sleeve; 23. Sliding sleeve; 24. First sealing plate; 25. First connecting arm; 26. Second connecting arm; 27. First pneumatic cylinder; 28. Second sealing plate; 29. ​​Translation frame; 30. Second pneumatic cylinder; 31. Annular spray seat; 32. Second nozzle; 33. Second cylinder; 34. Transparent ring; 35. Lamp cover; 36. UV lamp; 37. Bottom spray pipe; 38. External gear; 39. Second motor; 40. Rotating gear. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Specific implementation examples are given below.

[0020] See Figure 1 A mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device includes a centrifugal treatment mechanism 1, a cyclone centrifuge 2, an electrostatic treatment mechanism 3, and a UV treatment mechanism 4. The centrifugal treatment mechanism 1 is installed at the air inlet of the cyclone centrifuge 2. The air outlet of the cyclone centrifuge 2 is connected to the air inlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism 3 through a pipe. The air outlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism 3 is connected to the air inlet of the UV treatment mechanism 4. The oil fume gas undergoes four stages of treatment in sequence: centrifugal treatment, cyclone separation, electrostatic adsorption, and UV photolysis, achieving step-by-step purification from large particles to submicron oil mist and then to organic waste gas, with high overall purification efficiency. See Figures 2-4The cyclone centrifuge 2 includes a first cylinder 5. Several centrifugal oil-throwing discs 6 are rotatably mounted inside the first cylinder 5. Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder 5, the rotational speed of the centrifugal oil-throwing discs 6 increases progressively, and their oil-throwing gap decreases progressively. Planetary gear housings 7 are mounted inside the first cylinder 5 via several support arms. The planetary gear housings 7 and the centrifugal oil-throwing discs 6 are arranged alternately and at intervals along the axial direction of the first cylinder 5. A central tooth 9 is rotatably mounted at the center of each planetary gear housing 7, and the central tooth 9 is fixedly sleeved on a central shaft 8. The central teeth 9 in adjacent planetary gear housings 7 are coaxially connected via the same central shaft 8. A rotating ring 10 is rotatably mounted on the outer bearing of each planetary gear housing 7. Several mounting shafts 12 are arranged circumferentially on the inner side of the rotating ring 10, and planetary teeth 13 that mesh with the central teeth 9 are mounted on the mounting shafts 12. The rotating ring 10 is connected to the adjacent centrifugal oil-throwing discs via a bushing seat 11. The inner side of the oil pan 6 is fixedly connected, and the central shaft 8 passes through the multi-layered centrifugal oil-throwing pan 6 and the bushing seat 11 in sequence. The central shaft 8 is in clearance fit with the centrifugal oil-throwing pan 6 and the bushing seat 11. Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder 5, the tooth ratio of the central tooth 9 to the planetary tooth 13 increases step by step. The first motor 14 drives the central shaft 8 to rotate at a constant speed. Through the different tooth ratios of the planetary gear system in each layer, the single motor drives the multi-layered centrifugal oil-throwing pan 6 to obtain a progressively increasing speed. Along the airflow direction, the tooth ratio of the central tooth 9 to the planetary tooth 13 increases step by step, so that the speed of the centrifugal oil-throwing pan 6 increases step by step from the air inlet end to the air outlet end, and the centrifugal force is enhanced step by step, so as to achieve the graded capture of oil droplets of different particle sizes. The oil-throwing gap of the centrifugal oil-throwing pan 6 decreases step by step along the airflow direction. The large gap at the air inlet end intercepts large-particle-size oil droplets to prevent blockage, and the small gap at the air outlet end captures fine oil droplets. The graded design makes the overall separation efficiency high. See Figures 5-8The electrostatic treatment mechanism 3 includes a housing 15, which contains an electrostatic treatment space and a reserved cleaning space. The electrostatic treatment components are located within the electrostatic treatment space. The electrostatic treatment space includes partitions 16 symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the housing 15. Several anode cylinders 17 are mounted on the two partitions 16 in a rectangular array. A support pipe 18 is installed inside the housing 15 and outside the air inlet of the anode cylinder 17. The sleeve 19 of the support pipe 18 is connected to a central nozzle 20 located at the center of the anode cylinder 17. Several first spray holes 21 are opened circumferentially on the outer side of the central nozzle 20. A component is installed inside the housing 15 and outside the air outlet of the anode cylinder 17. A translation frame 29 is connected to several cathode pins 22, and the cathode pins 22 are slidably fitted onto the outside of the central nozzle 20. A first sealing plate 24 is slidably fitted onto the central nozzle 20 and located outside the air inlet end of the anode cylinder 17. A second sealing plate 28 is installed at the end of the cathode pins 22 and located outside the air outlet end of the anode cylinder 17. Both the first sealing plate 24 and the second sealing plate 28 are adapted to the anode cylinder 17. The first sealing plate 24 is connected to a sliding sleeve 23 slidably fitted onto the end of the central nozzle 20. Adjacent sliding sleeves 23 are connected by a first connecting arm 25 and a second connecting arm 26, respectively. Several first sealing plates 28 are installed between the two partitions 16. A pneumatic cylinder 27 is provided, with its telescopic end connected to the second connecting arm 26. A reserved space is provided between the first sealing plate 24 and the cathode sleeve 22. Several second pneumatic cylinders 30 are installed between the two partitions 16, with their telescopic ends connected to the translation frame 29. Several annular spray seats 31 are installed on the outer side of the anode cylinder 17 and on the partition 16. The outer side of the annular spray seats 31 is provided with a conical surface, and several second spray holes 32 facing the cathode sleeve 22 are opened on the conical surface. In normal purification state, the first sealing plate 24 and the second sealing plate 28 are opened, and the cathode sleeve 22 is located in the anode cylinder. At the center of cylinder 17, the cathode needle 22 is connected to a high-voltage power supply to generate corona discharge, which charges the oil mist particles. Under the action of a strong electric field, the charged particles are adsorbed onto the inner wall of the anode cylinder 17. During cleaning, the first pneumatic cylinder 27 and the second pneumatic cylinder 30 drive the first sealing plate 24 and the second sealing plate 28 to be inserted into both ends of the anode cylinder 17 to achieve sealing and form a closed cleaning chamber. The central nozzle 20 sprays high-temperature steam into the chamber through the first nozzle 21. The steam softens the viscous oil. As the cathode needle 22 gradually moves out of the anode cylinder 17, the anode cylinder 17 is cleaned through the central nozzle 20, and the annular spray seat 31 cleans the cathode needle 22. After cleaning, the cylinder is dried.

[0021] See Figures 9-11The UV treatment mechanism 4 includes a second cylinder 33, with retaining rings at both ends of the second cylinder 33, and the retaining rings are rotatably connected to the bearings at both ends of the transparent ring 34. Several lamp covers 35 with openings facing the transparent ring 34 are installed at equal angles in the circumferential direction between the second cylinder 33 and the transparent ring 34, and UV lamps 36 are installed inside the lamp covers 35. A bottom spray pipe 37 connected to the retaining rings at both ends is installed inside the lower part of the transparent ring 34, and a third spray hole is opened on the bottom side of the bottom spray pipe 37. An external tooth 38 is provided on the outer side of the transparent ring 34. A second motor 39 is installed inside the second cylinder 33, and a rotating tooth 40 that meshes with the external tooth 38 is installed at the output end of the second motor 39. The 185nm and 254nm ultraviolet rays emitted by the UV lamp 36 pass through the transparent ring 34 and irradiate the flowing gas. On the one hand, it directly photolyzes organic pollutant molecules, and on the other hand, it generates ozone for oxidation and decomposition. The second motor 39 drives the external tooth 38 through the rotating tooth 40, causing the transparent ring 34 to rotate slowly around the axis of the second cylinder 33. The third nozzle of the bottom nozzle 37 sprays cleaning fluid into the lower part of the inner wall of the transparent ring 34. The rotational motion causes the cleaning fluid to evenly cover the entire inner wall of the transparent ring 34 under the action of centrifugal force, washing away and dissolving the attached oil film and restoring the light transmission performance.

[0022] Working principle: During dynamic centrifugal separation, the first motor 14 starts, driving the central shaft 8 to rotate at a constant speed. The central shaft 8 drives the planetary gears 13 to rotate through the central teeth 9 in each planetary gear housing 7. The planetary gears 13 drive the rotating ring 10 to revolve. The rotating ring 10 drives each centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6 to rotate through the bushing seat 11. Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder 5, due to the gradually increasing tooth ratio of the central teeth 9 to the planetary teeth 13, the rotational speed of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6 gradually increases, while the oil-throwing gap of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6 gradually decreases. The oily exhaust gas passes sequentially through a multi-layer centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6 with progressively increasing rotation speed and progressively decreasing gap within the first cylinder 5. First, it passes through the low-speed, large-gap centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6 at the air inlet end, where large oil droplets with a diameter greater than 10m are intercepted and thrown toward the inner wall of the first cylinder 5. After accumulating into an oil film, the gas flows along the wall to the bottom oil outlet and is discharged. The gas after preliminary separation continues forward, passing sequentially through the medium-speed, medium-gap centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6 and the high-speed, small-gap centrifugal oil-throwing disc 6, capturing medium-sized oil droplets of 1-10m and fine-sized oil droplets of 0.1-1m at each stage. After being separated by the multi-layer centrifugal oil-throwing discs 6 inside the first cylinder 5, the gas enters the cyclone separation section of the cyclone centrifuge 2. Using the centrifugal force generated by the tangential air intake, the medium-sized oil droplets remaining in the gas are further separated. The separated oil droplets fall down along the inner wall of the cyclone centrifuge 2 to the bottom oil collection tank. The gas after dynamic centrifugal separation by the cyclone centrifuge 2 is discharged from the outlet and enters the inlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism 3 through the pipeline. The electrostatic treatment mechanism 3 is in normal purification mode, with both the first sealing plate 24 and the second sealing plate 28 in the open position. The cathode needle 22 is located at the center of the anode cylinder 17. The gas treated by the cyclone centrifuge 2 enters the electrostatic treatment space inside the chamber 15 and flows through the high-voltage non-uniform electric field between the anode cylinder 17 and the cathode needle 22. The cathode needle 22 is connected to a high-voltage power supply and generates corona discharge, charging the oil mist particles. Under the action of the electric field, the charged particles are adsorbed onto the inner wall of the anode cylinder 17, aggregating into oil droplets that flow down the wall and collect at the oil drain port at the bottom of the chamber 15 before being discharged. The gas treated by electrostatic treatment exits from the chamber 15. The air is discharged from the outlet and enters the air inlet of the UV treatment mechanism 4 through the pipeline. The first pneumatic cylinder 27 pushes the sliding sleeve 23 through the first connecting arm 25 and the second connecting arm 26. The sliding sleeve 23 drives the first sealing plate 24 to move towards the air inlet end, inserting the first sealing plate 24 into the air inlet end of the anode cylinder 17 to achieve a seal. The second pneumatic cylinder 30 pushes the translation frame 29 to move towards the air outlet end. The translation frame 29 drives the cathode pin 22 and the second sealing plate 28 to move synchronously, inserting the second sealing plate 28 into the air outlet end of the anode cylinder 17 to achieve a seal. At this time, both ends of the anode cylinder 17 are sealed, and the central nozzle 20 is not blocked by the first sealing plate 24. The first nozzle 21 injects high-temperature steam into the reserved annular space. The steam penetrates, softens, and dissolves the viscous oil and carbides adhering to the inner wall of the anode cylinder 17 and the surface of the cathode pin 22. After the steam softening is complete, hot water rinsing is performed. The first pneumatic cylinder 27 retracts, and through the first connecting arm 25 and the second connecting arm 26, it drives the sliding sleeve 23 and the first sealing plate 24 to move outward from the air inlet end, opening the air inlet end of the anode cylinder 17. The second pneumatic cylinder 30 pushes the translation frame 29 to move outward from the air outlet end. The translation frame 29 drives the cathode pin 22 and the second sealing plate 28 to continue moving, so that the cathode pin 22 is completely withdrawn from the anode cylinder 17. 7. The second sealing plate 28 opens the air outlet of the anode cylinder 17, and the central nozzle 20 sprays high-pressure hot water in all directions through all the first nozzles 21 to perform a 360-degree circumferential flushing of the inner wall of the anode cylinder 17, washing away the softened oil. The annular spray seat 31 on the partition plate 16 sprays hot water towards the moving cathode needle 22 through the second nozzle 32 opened on its conical surface to remove the oil adhering to the surface of the cathode needle 22. After flushing, the hot water supply of the central nozzle 20 and the annular spray seat 31 is turned off, and compressed air is introduced to blow the inner wall of the anode cylinder 17 and the surface of the retracted cathode needle 22 to remove residual moisture. After electrostatic treatment, the gas enters the second cylinder 33. At this time, the second motor 39 starts and engages with the outer teeth 38 on the outside of the transparent ring 34 through the rotating teeth 40, driving the transparent ring 34 to rotate slowly around the axis of the second cylinder 33. The ultraviolet rays emitted by the UV lamp 36 pass through the transparent ring 34 and irradiate the gas flowing through the second cylinder 33. The gas treated by UV becomes clean air and is discharged from the outlet of the second cylinder 33 and discharged through the chimney in compliance with standards. The second motor 39 drives the transparent ring 34 to continue rotating, and the third nozzle of the bottom spray pipe 37 sprays hot water onto the lower inner wall of the transparent ring 34. The rotation of the transparent ring 34 causes the sprayed cleaning liquid to evenly cover the entire inner wall of the transparent ring 34, washing away and dissolving the attached oil film. The rinsing wastewater is discharged from the drain port at the bottom of the second cylinder 33. After washing, the cleaning liquid supply of the bottom spray pipe 37 is turned off, and hot air is introduced to blow away the inner wall of the transparent ring 34 to remove residual moisture, restore the light transmittance of the transparent ring 34, and ensure that the ultraviolet rays of the UV lamp 36 effectively irradiate the gas.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device, characterized in that, It includes a centrifugal treatment mechanism (1), a cyclone centrifuge (2), an electrostatic treatment mechanism (3), and a UV treatment mechanism (4). The centrifugal treatment mechanism (1) is installed at the air inlet of the cyclone centrifuge (2). The air outlet of the cyclone centrifuge (2) is connected to the air inlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism (3) through a pipe. The air outlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism (3) is connected to the air inlet of the UV treatment mechanism (4). The cyclone centrifuge (2) includes a first cylinder (5), in which a plurality of centrifugal oil-throwing discs (6) are rotatably installed. Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder (5), the rotation speed of the plurality of centrifugal oil-throwing discs (6) increases step by step, and their oil-throwing gap decreases step by step. The electrostatic treatment mechanism (3) includes a housing (15), which includes an electrostatic treatment space and a reserved cleaning space. The electrostatic treatment components are located in the electrostatic treatment space. The electrostatic treatment space includes partitions (16) symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the housing (15). Several anode cylinders (17) are installed in a rectangular array on the two partitions (16). A support pipe (18) is provided inside the housing (15) and outside the air inlet end of the anode cylinder (17). The sleeve (19) of the support pipe (18) is connected to a central nozzle (20) located at the center of the anode cylinder (17). The outer side of the central nozzle (20) is circumferentially square. A plurality of first nozzles (21) are provided. A translation frame (29) is installed inside the housing (15) and outside the outlet end of the anode cylinder (17). The translation frame (29) is connected to a plurality of cathode pins (22). The cathode pins (22) are slidably fitted on the outside of the central nozzle (20). A first sealing plate (24) is slidably fitted on the central nozzle (20) and outside the inlet end of the anode cylinder (17). A second sealing plate (28) is installed at the end of the cathode pins (22) and outside the outlet end of the anode cylinder (17). The first sealing plate (24) and the second sealing plate (28) are both adapted to the anode cylinder (17). The UV treatment mechanism (4) includes a second cylinder (33), both ends of which are provided with retaining rings, and the retaining rings are rotatably connected to the bearings at both ends of the transparent ring (34). A number of lamp covers (35) with openings facing the transparent ring (34) are installed at equal angles in the circumferential direction between the second cylinder (33) and the transparent ring (34), and UV lamps (36) are installed inside the lamp covers (35).

2. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cylinder (5) is equipped with a planetary gear housing (7) through several support arms. The planetary gear housing (7) and the centrifugal oil slinger (6) are arranged alternately and at intervals along the axial direction of the first cylinder (5). A central tooth (9) is rotatably installed at the center of each planetary gear housing (7). The central tooth (9) is fixedly sleeved on a central shaft (8). The central teeth (9) in adjacent planetary gear housings (7) are coaxially connected through the same central shaft (8). A rotating ring (10) is rotatably installed on the outer bearing of each planetary gear housing (7). Several mounting shafts (12) are arranged in a circumferential direction on the inner side of the rotating ring (10). Planetary teeth (13) that mesh with the central teeth (9) are installed on the mounting shafts (12).

3. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating ring (10) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjacent centrifugal oil-throwing disc (6) through the bushing seat (11). The central shaft (8) passes through the multi-layered centrifugal oil-throwing disc (6) and bushing seat (11) in sequence, and is clearance-fitted with the centrifugal oil-throwing disc (6) and bushing seat (11). Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder (5), the ratio of the number of teeth of the central tooth (9) to the number of teeth of the planetary tooth (13) increases step by step.

4. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sealing plate (24) is connected to the sliding sleeve (23) at the end of the central nozzle (20). Adjacent sliding sleeves (23) are connected by the first connecting arm (25) and the second connecting arm (26), respectively. A plurality of first pneumatic cylinders (27) are installed between the two partitions (16), and the telescopic end of the first pneumatic cylinder (27) is connected to the second connecting arm (26). A reserved space is provided between the first sealing plate (24) and the cathode needle (22).

5. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several second pneumatic cylinders (30) are installed between the two partitions (16), and the telescopic ends of the second pneumatic cylinders (30) are connected to the translation frame (29).

6. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A number of annular spray seats (31) are installed on the outside of the outlet end of the anode cylinder (17) and on the partition plate (16). A conical surface is provided on the outside of the annular spray seat (31), and a number of second spray holes (32) facing the cathode sleeve needle (22) are opened on the conical surface.

7. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transparent ring (34) has a bottom spray pipe (37) installed at the bottom inside, with both ends connected to the baffle ring, and a third spray hole is opened on the bottom side of the bottom spray pipe (37).

8. The mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transparent ring (34) has an external tooth (38) on its outer side, and a second motor (39) is installed inside the second cylinder (33). The output end of the second motor (39) is equipped with a rotating tooth (40) that meshes with the external tooth (38).

9. The working method of the mechanical dynamic centrifugal separation type oil fume purification device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific operational steps of this working method are as follows: Step 1: During dynamic centrifugal separation, the first motor (14) starts, driving the central shaft (8) to rotate at a constant speed. The central shaft (8) drives the planetary gears (13) to rotate through the central teeth (9) in each planetary gear housing (7). The planetary gears (13) drive the rotating ring (10) to revolve. The rotating ring (10) drives each centrifugal oil-throwing disc (6) to rotate through the bushing seat (11). Along the airflow direction inside the first cylinder (5), due to the increasing ratio of the number of teeth between the central teeth (9) and the planetary teeth (13), the rotational speed of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc (6) increases step by step. At the same time, the rotational speed of each centrifugal oil-throwing disc (6) increases step by step. As the gap between the oil-throwing plates gradually decreases, the industrial oil fume exhaust gas passes through the multi-layer centrifugal oil-throwing plates (6) with gradually increasing speed and gradually decreasing gap in the first cylinder (5). First, it passes through the centrifugal oil-throwing plate (6) with low speed and large gap at the air inlet. Large oil droplets with a particle size greater than 10m are intercepted and thrown to the inner wall of the first cylinder (5). After accumulating into an oil film, it flows along the wall to the bottom oil outlet and is discharged. The gas after preliminary separation continues forward and passes through the centrifugal oil-throwing plates (6) with medium speed and medium gap and high speed and small gap in sequence, capturing medium-sized oil droplets of 1-10m and fine-sized oil droplets of 0.1-1m in stages. Step 2: The gas separated by the multi-layer centrifugal oil-slinging disc (6) in the first cylinder (5) enters the cyclone separation section of the cyclone centrifuge (2). The medium-sized oil droplets remaining in the gas are further separated by the swirling centrifugal force generated by the tangential air intake. The separated oil droplets fall down along the inner wall of the cyclone centrifuge (2) to the bottom oil collection tank. The gas after dynamic centrifugal separation by the cyclone centrifuge (2) is discharged from the outlet and enters the inlet of the electrostatic treatment mechanism (3) through the pipeline. Step 3: The electrostatic treatment mechanism (3) is in normal purification state. The first sealing plate (24) and the second sealing plate (28) are both in the open position. The cathode needle (22) is located in the center of the anode cylinder (17). The gas treated by the cyclone centrifuge (2) enters the electrostatic treatment space in the box (15) and flows through the high-voltage non-uniform electric field between the anode cylinder (17) and the cathode needle (22). The cathode needle (22) is connected to the high-voltage power supply and generates corona discharge, which charges the oil mist particles. The charged particles are adsorbed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder (17) under the action of the electric field force, and after gathering into oil droplets, they flow down the wall and are discharged to the bottom oil outlet of the box (15). The gas treated by electrostatics is discharged from the air outlet of the box (15) and enters the air inlet of the UV treatment mechanism (4) through the pipeline. Step 4: The gas after electrostatic treatment enters the second cylinder (33). At this time, the second motor (39) starts. The second motor (39) meshes with the outer teeth (38) on the outside of the transparent ring (34) through the rotating teeth (40), driving the transparent ring (34) to slowly rotate around the axis of the second cylinder (33). The ultraviolet rays emitted by the UV lamp (36) pass through the transparent ring (34) and irradiate the gas flowing through the second cylinder (33). The gas after UV treatment becomes clean air and is discharged from the outlet of the second cylinder (33) and discharged through the chimney in compliance with emission standards. Step 5: The first pneumatic cylinder (27) pushes the sliding sleeve (23) through the first connecting arm (25) and the second connecting arm (26). The sliding sleeve (23) drives the first sealing plate (24) to move towards the air inlet end, inserting the first sealing plate (24) into the air inlet end of the anode cylinder (17) to achieve sealing. The second pneumatic cylinder (30) pushes the translation frame (29) to move towards the air outlet end. The translation frame (29) drives the cathode sleeve (22) and the second sealing plate (28) to move synchronously, inserting the second sealing plate (28) into the anode cylinder (17). 7) The outlet end is sealed. At this time, both ends of the anode cylinder (17) are closed. The first nozzle (21) on the central nozzle (20), which is not blocked by the first sealing plate (24), sprays high-temperature steam into the reserved annular space. The steam penetrates, softens and dissolves the viscous oil and carbides adhering to the inner wall of the anode cylinder (17) and the surface of the cathode sleeve (22). After the steam softening is completed, hot water is used for rinsing. The first pneumatic cylinder (27) retracts and drives the sliding sleeve (23) through the first connecting arm (25) and the second connecting arm (26). The first sealing plate (24) moves outward to the air inlet end, opening the air inlet end of the anode cylinder (17). The second pneumatic cylinder (30) pushes the translation frame (29) outward to the air outlet end. The translation frame (29) drives the cathode sleeve (22) and the second sealing plate (28) to continue moving, so that the cathode sleeve (22) completely exits the anode cylinder (17). The second sealing plate (28) opens the air outlet end of the anode cylinder (17), and the central nozzle (20) sprays high-pressure hot water around the anode cylinder through all the first nozzles (21). (17) The inner wall is flushed in a 360-degree circular motion to remove the softened oil stains. The annular spray seat (31) on the partition (16) sprays hot water onto the moving cathode needle (22) through the second spray hole (32) on its conical surface to remove the oil stains attached to the surface of the cathode needle (22). After flushing, the hot water supply to the central spray pipe (20) and the annular spray seat (31) is turned off, and compressed air is introduced to blow the inner wall of the anode cylinder (17) and the surface of the retracted cathode needle (22) to remove residual moisture. Step 6: The second motor (39) drives the transparent ring (34) to keep rotating. The third nozzle of the bottom spray pipe (37) sprays hot water into the lower part of the inner wall of the transparent ring (34). The rotation of the transparent ring (34) makes the sprayed cleaning liquid evenly cover the entire inner wall of the transparent ring (34), washing away and dissolving the attached oil film. The rinsing wastewater is discharged from the drain port at the bottom of the second cylinder (33). After washing, the cleaning liquid supply of the bottom spray pipe (37) is turned off, and hot air is introduced to blow the inner wall of the transparent ring (34) to remove residual moisture, restore the light transmission performance of the transparent ring (34), and ensure that the ultraviolet rays of the UV lamp (36) effectively irradiate the gas.

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