A decoupled drag augmentation deorbit device

Abstract

This invention relates to a decoupled drag-increasing derailment device. It includes a drag-increasing cylinder, a sleeve-type extension rod, side drag-increasing films, upper and lower planar deployment devices, and a drag-increasing launch assembly. The sleeve-type extension rod includes a central limiting rod, multiple sleeves sequentially sleeved around the limiting rod, and multiple sleeves that expand pneumatically under the action of a gas-generating propellant. The upper end of the sleeve-type extension rod is connected to the upper planar deployment device, and the lower end of the sleeve-type extension rod is connected to the lower planar deployment device. The side drag-increasing films consist of four rectangular films that expand into an X-shape, with a notch on the outer side of each rectangular film. Both the upper and lower planar deployment devices include a planar film that expands into a square shape, composed of four triangular films, with the expanded side drag-increasing films also forming an X-shape. This invention addresses the coupling problem during the expansion of the upper and lower planar deployment devices by setting notches and optimizing the configuration of the side drag-increasing films, thereby improving the reliability of the drag-increasing derailment device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spacecraft deorbiting, specifically relating to a decoupled drag-increasing deorbiting device. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly frequent human space activities, the number of objects in orbit continues to rise, including a large number of spacecraft that have exceeded their service life, are damaged, or are out of control. These faulty spacecraft not only exacerbate the strain on low-Earth orbit resources but also pose a potential collision threat to normally operating spacecraft, seriously affecting the safety of on-orbit facilities. Therefore, the deorbiting of abandoned spacecraft urgently needs to be addressed to remove obstacles for future space development.

[0003] Current planar drag-enhanced deorbiting methods suffer from low deorbiting efficiency and are ill-suited to the velocities required for spacecraft to enter orbit. Furthermore, the deployment of three-dimensional drag-enhanced deorbiting devices is generally subject to coupling effects, making full deployment difficult when hindered, significantly reducing deorbiting efficiency. Considering cost factors and without compromising deorbiting efficiency, the size of drag-enhanced deorbiting devices should also be miniaturized. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a three-dimensional deorbiting device that increases deorbiting efficiency, has a smaller storage volume while maintaining the same deorbiting efficiency, and can be decoupled and deployed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drag-increasing derailment device that reduces the membrane area without reducing derailment efficiency and can be decoupled for deployment. This solves the problems of low efficiency and insufficient stability of current planar derailment sails during derailment. The invention achieves the launch tube of the three-dimensional derailment device through pyrotechnic launch. High-pressure gas is generated by igniting propellant through a delayed igniter to deploy the sleeve-type extension rod. The deployment of the sleeve-type extension rod drives the axial deployment of the side drag-increasing membrane. The delayed pin release device unlocks the upper and lower planar deployment devices, allowing the masts in the upper and lower planar deployment devices to deploy. The deployment of the upper and lower masts simultaneously drives the deployment of the upper and lower planar membranes and the side membranes. The notch on the outer side of the side membrane can decouple the problem of asynchronous unlocking and deployment of the upper and lower planar deployment devices, significantly increasing the derailment efficiency and stability of the derailment device.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this invention is: a decoupled drag-increasing derailment device, comprising a drag-increasing cylinder, a sleeve-type extension rod, a side drag-increasing film, an upper plane deployment device, a lower plane deployment device, and a drag-increasing emission assembly.

[0006] The sleeve-type extension rod includes a central limiting rod, multiple sleeves sequentially sleeved outside the limiting rod, and multiple sleeves that expand pneumatically under the action of the gas-generating agent. The upper end of the sleeve-type extension rod is connected to the upper plane expansion device, and the lower end of the sleeve-type extension rod is connected to the lower plane expansion device. The side drag-increasing film is composed of four rectangular films that form an X shape after expansion, and each rectangular film has a notch on the outside. Both the upper plane expansion device and the lower plane expansion device include a planar film that forms a square shape after expansion and is composed of four triangular films.

[0007] The drag-increasing launch assembly connected to the bottom of the drag-increasing cylinder is used to launch the sleeve-type extension rod, the side drag-increasing film, the upper plane unfolding device, and the lower plane unfolding device inside the drag-increasing cylinder out of the drag-increasing cylinder to form a three-dimensional off-track sail. The side drag-increasing film of the unfolded three-dimensional drag-increasing device is X-shaped.

[0008] Furthermore, the sleeve-type extension rod also includes an outer cylinder, a multi-section middle sleeve, a connecting end cap, a support, a pressure limiting component, a piston block, a gas-generating chamber, a delayed igniter, a firing pin, a chuck piston, a limiting rod, a firing pin spring, a stop cover, and a firing pin chamber.

[0009] The outer cylinder and the multi-section middle sleeve are thin-walled cylinders. The upper end of the outer cylinder has a pin, and the two ends of the multi-section middle sleeve have pins respectively. The multi-section sleeves are interlocked and, after unfolding, the adjacent cylinders are locked together to form a sealed chamber. The two ends of the sleeve-type extension rod are respectively equipped with connecting end caps connected to the innermost sleeve and flanges on the outer cylinder. The connecting end caps are connected to the upper disc of the upper plane unfolding device, and the outer cylinder flanges are connected to the lower plane film storage compartment on the lower plane unfolding device.

[0010] The lower end of the sleeve-type extension rod is equipped with a delayed igniter, and below the delayed igniter is a firing pin. The pawl piston includes multiple evenly distributed pawls, and a limiting rod is set in the middle of the pawl piston. A firing pin spring is sleeved on the limiting rod. The upper part of the limiting rod with the firing pin spring is located inside the firing pin. The cover is an annular structure and is connected to the firing pin chamber by threads to axially limit the pawls. A trapezoidal groove is provided on the outer side of the firing pin to cooperate with the pawls of the pawl piston and be fixed by the pawls.

[0011] Furthermore, the launching assembly includes a launch tube, an igniter housing, and an igniter.

[0012] The launch tube and the drag-increasing tube are connected by countersunk screws evenly distributed around the circumference. The launch tube has a rotating structure with internal threads on the inner wall at the lower end, which connect to the igniter housing. There are two threaded holes in the middle of the igniter housing for holding the igniter. The launch tube is equipped with a claw piston.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper plane unfolding device includes an upper disc, an upper delay pin puller, a rope cutter, an upper cover, an upper guide block, an upper plane film storage compartment, an upper plane film, an upper spiral spring, an upper mast, an upper transfer compartment, and an upper electrical connector plug.

[0014] The upper spiral spring and the upper mast are arranged inside the upper transfer chamber. The upper transfer chamber is fitted onto the shaft of the upper flat film storage chamber. The upper spiral spring drives the upper transfer chamber to rotate around the shaft of the upper flat film storage chamber, causing the upper mast to unfold under the guidance of the upper guide block. A rope is led out from each of the three corners of the four upper flat films. The ropes extending from the two acute angle ends of each flat film are tied to the two holes at the ends of the two adjacent upper masts, and the ropes extending from the right angle ends are tied to the upper flat film storage chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper cover is fixed to the upper guide block by screws, and the upper guide block is fixed to the upper flat film storage compartment by screws; the upper disc is connected to the upper cover by countersunk screws, the upper delay pin puller and the rope cutter are each fixed to the upper disc by screws, the two power connector plugs are fixed to the upper disc by screws, the upper delay pin puller and the rope cutter are each connected to the two plugs by their respective detonation wires, and the power connector plugs are in contact with the sockets fixed to the drag-increasing cylinder before firing.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower plane unfolding device includes a lower disc, a lower electrical connector plug, a lower delay pin puller, a lower transfer chamber, a lower spiral spring, a lower mast, a lower plane film storage chamber, a lower plane film, and a lower guide block.

[0017] The lower spiral spring and lower mast are arranged inside the lower rotating chamber. The lower rotating chamber is fitted onto the shaft of the lower flat film storage chamber. The lower spiral spring drives the lower rotating chamber to rotate around the shaft of the lower flat film storage chamber, causing the lower mast to unfold under the guidance of the lower guide block. A rope is led out from each of the three corners of the four lower flat film storage chambers. The ropes extending from the two acute angle ends of each flat film are tied to the two holes at the ends of the two adjacent lower masts, and the ropes extending from the right angle ends are tied to the lower flat film storage chambers. The lower delay pin puller and the lower electrical connector plug are connected on the lower disc. The lower delay igniter detonation wire is connected to the lower electrical connector plug. The lower electrical connector plug and the socket fixed on the drag-increasing cylinder are in contact before launch.

[0018] Furthermore, the side resistance-enhancing film, the upper planar film, and the lower planar film are double-sided aluminum-plated polyimide films.

[0019] Furthermore, the length of the notch on the outer side of the side resistance-enhancing film is half the width of the side resistance-enhancing film, and the number of sleeves in the multi-section middle sleeve is 5-12.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a pull pin, which passes through the lugs of the upper plane unfolding device and the lugs of the drag-increasing cylinder and is then locked with a nut.

[0021] A method for derailment based on the above-mentioned derailment device includes the following steps:

[0022] When the drag-increasing igniter detonates, the claw piston pushes the entire ejection assembly to break the pull pin connecting the drag-increasing cylinder and the upper disc, and the ejection assembly ejects the cylinder. At the same time, the plug and socket of the upper and lower electrical connectors separate, and the upper and lower delay pin pullers begin to delay.

[0023] When the pawl piston moves to the narrowing step of the launch tube, the pawl piston stops moving. Due to inertia, the launch tube assembly continues to move forward. The pawl releases the firing pin. The firing pin, pushed by the compressed firing pin spring, strikes and activates the delayed igniter. After a set delay time, the delayed igniter activates the propellant in the sleeve-type extension rod. High-pressure gas enters the internal cavity of the sleeve-type extension rod, and the sleeve-type extension rod drives the side drag-increasing film to expand axially.

[0024] After the set time is extended again, due to the delay error, the upper and lower delay pin pullers do not detonate and pull the pins at the same time. The spiral spring of the planar unfolding device corresponding to the delay pin puller that detonates first unlocks, which drives the mast in the corresponding planar unfolding device to unfold. The mast drives the planar membrane and the notched side friction-increasing film to unfold. At this time, the three-dimensional unfolding device is conical.

[0025] The spiral spring of the planar deployment device corresponding to the delayed detonator is unlocked, which drives the mast in the corresponding planar deployment device to deploy. The mast drives the planar membrane and the notched side drag-increasing film to deploy. At this time, the three-dimensional deployment device is fully deployed, and the side drag-increasing film is in an X configuration.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this invention are:

[0027] This invention is a three-dimensional derailment device based on a sealed pneumatically deployed sleeve-type extension rod, which achieves reliable axial shape retention.

[0028] By optimizing the deployment configuration of the side drag-increasing film, a smaller storage volume was achieved without changing the drag-increasing off-track energy efficiency.

[0029] The upper and lower guide blocks guide the mast during its deployment process to prevent jamming.

[0030] By adding a notch to the outside of the side-resistant membrane, the unfolding process is decoupled to prevent the mast from becoming unstable due to tension or the unfolding process from being obstructed due to the membrane pulling on the masts of the two-plane unfolding devices.

[0031] The disconnection status of the electrical connector plug is used as a criterion for determining whether the impedance-enhanced transmission is successful. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drag-increasing derailment device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tube outlet assembly.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper plane unfolding device.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a sleeve-type extension rod.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower plane unfolding device.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper mast unfolding under the guidance of the guide block.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the launch assembly.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the unfolded shape of the tube-out assembly.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1. Drag-increasing cylinder; 2. Sleeve-type extension rod; 3. Side drag-increasing film; 4. Upper plane deployment device; 5. Lower plane deployment device; 6. Drag-increasing firing assembly; 7. Pull pin; 201. Outer cylinder; 202. Cylinder 1; 203. Cylinder 2; 204. Cylinder 3; 205. Cylinder 4; 206. Cylinder 5; 207. Cylinder 6; 208. Cylinder 7; 209. Cylinder 8; 210. Limiting rod; 211. Connecting end cap; 212. Support component; 213. Pressure limiting component; 214. Piston block; 215. Gas-generating chamber; 216. Gas-generating propellant; 217. Delayed igniter; 218. Firing pin; 219. Claw piston; 220. Limiting rod; 221. Firing pin spring; 222. Cover; 223. Firing pin chamber; 401. Upper disc; 411. - Power connector plug, 402- Upper delay pin puller, 403- Rope cutter, 404- Top cover, 405- Upper guide block, 406- Upper flat film storage compartment, 407- Upper flat film, 408- Upper mast, 409- Upper spiral spring, 410- Upper transfer compartment, 411- Power connector plug, 501- Lower disc, 502- Lower power connector plug, 503- Lower delay pin puller, 504- Lower transfer compartment, 505- Lower spiral spring, 506- Lower mast, 507- Lower flat film storage compartment, 508- Lower flat film, 509- Lower guide block, 601- Launch tube, 602- Igniter housing, 603- Igniter, 101- Rib, 102- Power connector socket bracket, 103- Power connector socket. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figure 1-8As shown, a decoupled drag-increasing derailment device includes a drag-increasing cylinder 1, a sleeve-type extension rod 2 installed inside the drag-increasing cylinder, a side drag-increasing membrane 3, and upper and lower plane unfolding devices 4 and 5 respectively at both ends of the sleeve-type extension rod 2; a drag-increasing emission assembly 6 connected to the bottom of the drag-increasing cylinder; and a pull pin 7 passing through the lugs of the upper disc in the upper plane unfolding device 4 and the lugs of the drag-increasing cylinder 1, and locked with a nut. The three-dimensional derailment device is cylindrical in shape, and the number installed on the rail can be customized according to actual needs.

[0044] The launching assembly 6 is installed at the lower end of the drag-increasing cylinder 1. The launching cylinder 601 in the launching assembly 6 is connected to the drag-increasing cylinder 1 by countersunk screws evenly distributed around its circumference. The launching cylinder 601 is a rotating structure with internal threads on its lower inner wall, connecting to the igniter housing 602. The igniter housing 602 has two threaded holes in the middle for housing the igniter 603. Inside the launching cylinder 601 is a claw piston 219 with three claws evenly distributed above it. The middle threaded hole connects to the limiting rod 220. The claw piston 219 has two annular grooves for housing the piston sealing ring. The firing pin spring is placed outside the limiting rod 220. The firing pin 218 is a hollow rotating structure installed outside the firing pin spring. The outer side of the firing pin 218 has a trapezoidal groove that can cooperate with the claw piston 219 and is fixed by the claws. A delayed igniter 217 is located above the firing pin chamber 223, which can be triggered by the firing pin 218.

[0045] Above the launching component 6 is a three-dimensional deployment device, which mainly consists of an upper plane deployment device 4, a sleeve-type extension rod 2, a side drag-increasing film 3, and a lower plane deployment device 5.

[0046] The side drag-increasing film 3 has a notch on its outer side, the length of which is 1 / 2 the width of the side drag-increasing film 3, and it is distributed diagonally after unfolding. The side drag-increasing film 3 in the storage state is arranged in a block shape between the upper plane unfolding device 4 and the lower plane unfolding device 5, on the outer periphery of the sleeve-type extension rod 2. The two outer ends of the side drag-increasing film 3 are connected by ropes to the masts in the same unfolding direction in the upper plane unfolding device 4 and the lower plane unfolding device 5, respectively. The two inner ends of the side drag-increasing film 3 are connected by ropes to the holes in the same direction of the flat film storage compartment in the upper plane unfolding device 4 and the lower plane unfolding device 5, respectively.

[0047] The upper flat panel unfolding device 4 mainly includes an upper disc 401, an upper electrical connector plug 411, an upper delay pin device 402, a rope cutter 403, an upper cover 404, an upper guide block 405, an upper rotating chamber 410, an upper spiral spring 409, an upper mast 408, an upper flat film storage chamber 406, and an upper flat film 407. The upper spiral spring 409 and the upper mast 408 are arranged inside the upper rotating chamber 410, which is fitted onto the shaft of the upper flat film storage chamber 406. The upper spiral spring drives the upper rotating chamber to rotate around the shaft of the upper flat film storage chamber 406, causing the upper mast 408 to unfold under the guidance of the guide block 405. A rope extends from each of the three corners of the four upper flat films 407. The ropes extending from the two acute angle ends of each flat film are tied to two holes at the ends of two adjacent upper masts 408, and the ropes extending from the right angle ends are tied to the upper flat film storage chamber 406. The upper cover 404... The upper plate is fixed to the guide block 405 by screws, and the guide block 405 is fixed to the upper flat film storage compartment by screws. The upper plate is connected to the upper cover 404 by six countersunk screws. The upper delay pin puller 402 and the rope cutter 403 are each fixed to the upper plate by four screws. The two power connector plugs 411 are fixed to the upper plate 401 by screws. The upper delay pin puller 402 and the rope cutter 403 are each connected to two plugs by their respective detonation wires. The power connector plugs 411 and the socket 606 fixed to the drag-increasing cylinder 1 are in contact before firing.

[0048] The sleeve-type extension rod 2 includes an outer cylinder 201, cylinder one 202, cylinder two 203, cylinder three 204, cylinder four 205, cylinder five 206, cylinder six 207, cylinder seven 208, cylinder eight 209, a limiting rod 210, a connecting end cap 211, a support member 212, a pressure limiting member 213, a piston block 214, a gas-generating chamber 215, and a gas-generating agent 216. The outer cylinder 201 and cylinders one through eight are thin-walled cylinders. The upper end of the outer cylinder 201 and cylinders one through eight has a taper whose cross-sectional inner diameter gradually decreases axially, while the lower end of cylinders one through eight has a taper whose cross-sectional outer diameter gradually increases axially. Both ends have tapers. The multiple cylinders are interlocked, and when unfolded, the tapers of adjacent cylinders are interlocked, forming a... A sealed chamber is formed; a delayed igniter 217 is provided at the lower end of the sleeve-type extension rod 2, and a firing pin 218 is provided below the delayed igniter. The firing pin 218 is a hollow rotating body structure; the claw piston 219 includes multiple evenly distributed claws, a limiting rod 220 is provided in the middle of the claw piston 219, a firing pin spring 221 is sleeved on the limiting rod 220, and the upper part of the limiting rod 220 with the firing pin spring 221 is located inside the firing pin 218. The cover 222 is an annular structure and is connected to the firing pin chamber 223 by threads to limit the axial movement of the claws. A trapezoidal groove is provided on the outer side of the firing pin 218 to cooperate with the claws of the claw piston 219 and be fixed by the claws.

[0049] The lower plane deployment device 5 has a structure that is basically the same as the upper plane deployment device 4. The lower disc 501 is connected to the lower delay pin puller 503 and the lower electrical connector plug 502. The detonation wire of the lower delay igniter 503 is connected to the plug of the lower electrical connector. The plug and the socket fixed on the drag-increasing cylinder are in contact before firing.

[0050] The upper disc 401 of the upper plane unfolding device 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting end cap 211 of the sleeve-type extension rod 2, and the lower plane film storage compartment 507 of the lower plane unfolding device 5 is fixedly connected to the flange of the outer cylinder 201 of the sleeve-type extension rod; four side-impact-enhancing films 3 are folded into blocks and evenly distributed on the outside of the sleeve-type extension rod 2. A rope is led out from each of the four corners of each of the four side-impact-enhancing films 3. The two ropes on the outside of the side-impact-enhancing films 3 are respectively connected to the masts in the same unfolding direction in the upper plane unfolding device 4 and the lower plane unfolding device 5. The two ropes on the inside of the side-impact-enhancing films 3 are respectively connected to the holes in the same direction in the plane film storage compartments in the upper plane unfolding device 4 and the lower plane unfolding device 5.

[0051] When the drag-increasing igniter 603 detonates, the claw piston 219 pushes the entire launch tube assembly to break the pull pin 7 connecting the drag-increasing cylinder 1 and the upper disc 401, and the launch tube assembly launches. At the same time, the plug and socket of the upper and lower electrical connectors separate, and the upper and lower delay pin pullers begin to delay. When the claw piston 219 moves to the narrowing step of the launch tube 601, the claw piston 219 stops moving. Due to inertia, the launch tube assembly continues to move forward, and the claw releases the firing pin 218. The firing pin 218, pushed by the compressed firing pin spring, strikes and ignites the delay igniter 217. After a delay period, the delay igniter 217 ignites the propellant 216 in the sleeve-type extension rod 2, and high-pressure gas enters the sleeve-type extension rod 2. The internal cavity, the sleeve-type extension rod 2 drives the side drag-increasing film 3 to unfold axially; after a further delay, due to the delay error, the upper and lower delay pin pullers do not detonate and pull the pins at the same time. The spiral spring of the planar unfolding device corresponding to the first detonated delay pin puller unlocks, driving the mast in the corresponding planar unfolding device to unfold. The mast drives the planar film and the side drag-increasing film with notch to unfold. At this time, the three-dimensional unfolding device is conical; the spiral spring of the planar unfolding device corresponding to the second detonated delay pin puller unlocks, driving the mast in the corresponding planar unfolding device to unfold. The mast drives the planar film and the side drag-increasing film with notch to unfold. At this time, the three-dimensional unfolding device is fully unfolded, and the side drag-increasing film is X-shaped.

[0052] In the event of an unexpected failure of the launch tube assembly to launch due to ignition of the drag-increasing igniter, i.e., when the power connector plug 411 and socket 103 are not separated, the rope cutter 403 can perform an emergency cut to ensure the safety of the satellite platform.

Claims

1. A decoupled drag augmentation deorbit device, comprising: It includes a drag-increasing cylinder (1), a sleeve-type extension rod (2), a side drag-increasing film (3), an upper plane unfolding device (4), a lower plane unfolding device (5), and a drag-increasing emission assembly (6). The sleeve-type extension rod (2) includes a central limiting rod (210), multiple sleeves sequentially sleeved outside the limiting rod (210), and multiple sleeves that expand pneumatically under the action of the gas-generating agent (216). The upper end of the sleeve-type extension rod (2) is connected to the upper plane expansion device (4), and the lower end of the sleeve-type extension rod (2) is connected to the lower plane expansion device (5). The side resistance-increasing film (3) is composed of four rectangular films that form an X shape after expansion, and each rectangular film has a notch on the outside. The upper plane expansion device (4) and the lower plane expansion device (5) both include a planar film that forms a square shape after expansion and is composed of four triangular films. The drag-increasing launch assembly (6) connected to the bottom of the drag-increasing cylinder (1) is used to launch the sleeve-type extension rod (2), the side drag-increasing film (3), the upper plane unfolding device (4), and the lower plane unfolding device (5) inside the drag-increasing cylinder (1) out of the drag-increasing cylinder (1) to form a three-dimensional off-track sail. The side drag-increasing film of the unfolded three-dimensional drag-increasing device is X-shaped.

2. The off-track device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve-type extension rod (2) also includes an outer cylinder (201), a multi-section middle sleeve, a connecting end cap (211), a support (212), a pressure limiting component (213), a piston block (214), a gas-generating chamber (215), a delayed igniter (217), a firing pin (218), a claw piston (219), a limiting rod (220), a firing pin spring (221), a cover (222), and a firing pin chamber (223). The outer cylinder (201) and the multi-section middle sleeve are thin-walled cylinders. The upper end of the outer cylinder (201) has a pin, and the two ends of the multi-section middle sleeve have pins respectively. The multi-section sleeves are nested together. After unfolding, the adjacent cylinders are locked together to form a sealed chamber. The sleeve-type extension rod (2) is provided with a connecting end cap (211) connected to the innermost sleeve and a flange on the outer cylinder (201) at both ends. The connecting end cap (211) is connected to the upper disc (401) of the upper plane unfolding device (4), and the flange of the outer cylinder (201) is connected to the lower plane film storage compartment (507) on the lower plane unfolding device (5). The lower end of the sleeve-type extension rod (2) is provided with a delayed igniter (217), and a firing pin (218) is provided below the delayed igniter. The claw piston (219) includes multiple evenly distributed claws. A limiting rod (220) is provided in the middle of the claw piston (219). A firing pin spring (221) is sleeved on the limiting rod (220). The upper part of the limiting rod (220) on which the firing pin spring (221) is sleeved is located inside the firing pin (218). The cover (222) is an annular structure and is connected to the firing pin chamber (223) by a thread. It is used to axially limit the claws. A trapezoidal groove is provided on the outside of the firing pin (218) to cooperate with the claws of the claw piston (219) and be fixed by the claws.

3. The off-track device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The launching assembly (6) includes a launching tube (601), an igniter housing (602), and an igniter (603). The launch tube (601) and the drag-increasing tube (1) are connected by countersunk screws evenly distributed around the circumference. The launch tube (601) is a rotating structure with internal threads on the inner wall at the lower end, which are connected to the igniter housing (602). There are two threaded holes in the middle of the igniter housing (602) for placing the igniter (603). The launch tube (601) is equipped with a claw piston (219).

4. The off-track device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper plane unfolding device (4) includes an upper disc (401), an upper delay pin puller (402), a rope cutter (403), an upper cover (404), an upper guide block (405), an upper plane film storage compartment (406), an upper plane film (407), an upper spiral spring (409), an upper mast (408), an upper transfer compartment (410), and an upper electrical connector plug (411). The upper spiral spring (409) and the upper mast (408) are arranged inside the upper transfer chamber (410). The upper transfer chamber (410) is fitted on the shaft of the upper flat film storage chamber (406). The upper spiral spring (409) drives the upper transfer chamber (410) to rotate around the shaft of the upper flat film storage chamber (406), which drives the upper mast (408) to unfold under the guidance of the upper guide block (405). A rope is led out from each of the three corners of the four upper flat films (407). The ropes extending from the two acute angle ends of each flat film are tied to the two holes at the ends of the two adjacent upper masts (408), and the ropes extending from the right angle ends are tied to the upper flat film storage chamber (406).

5. The off-track device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper cover (404) is fixed to the upper guide block (405) by screws, and the upper guide block (405) is fixed to the upper flat film storage compartment (406) by screws; the upper disc (401) is connected to the upper cover (404) by countersunk screws, the upper delay pin puller (402) and the rope cutter (403) are each fixed to the upper disc by screws, the two upper power connector plugs (411) are fixed to the upper disc (401) by screws, the upper delay pin puller (402) and the rope cutter (403) are each connected to two plugs by their detonation wires, and the upper power connector plug (411) and the socket (606) fixed to the drag-increasing cylinder (1) are in contact before firing.

6. The off-track device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower plane unfolding device (5) includes a lower disc (501), a lower electrical connector plug (502), a lower delay pin puller (503), a lower transfer chamber (504), a lower spiral spring (505), a lower mast (506), a lower plane film storage chamber (507), a lower plane film (508), and a lower guide block (509). The lower spiral spring (505) and the lower mast (506) are arranged inside the lower transfer chamber (504). The lower transfer chamber (504) is fitted onto the shaft of the lower flat film storage chamber (507). The lower spiral spring (505) drives the lower transfer chamber (504) to rotate around the shaft of the lower flat film storage chamber (507), causing the lower mast (506) to unfold under the guidance of the lower guide block (509). A rope is led out from each of the three corners of the four lower flat film storage chambers (507), and each flat film has two... A rope extending from one acute angle is tied to two holes at the ends of two adjacent lower masts (506), and a rope extending from the right angle is tied to the lower flat film storage compartment (507); the lower disc (501) is connected to the lower delay pin puller (503) and the lower electrical connector plug (502), the detonation wire of the lower delay igniter (503) is connected to the lower electrical connector plug (502), and the lower electrical connector plug (502) and the socket fixed on the drag-increasing cylinder are in contact before firing.

7. The off-track device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side resistance-enhancing film (3), the upper plane film (407), and the lower plane film (508) are double-sided aluminum-coated polyimide films.

8. The off-track device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length of the notch on the outer side of the side resistance-enhancing film is half the width of the side resistance-enhancing film, and the number of sleeves in the multi-section middle sleeve is 5-12.

9. The off-track device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a pull pin (7), which passes through the lugs of the upper plane unfolding device and the lugs of the resistance cylinder and is then locked with a nut.

10. A method for derailment based on the derailment device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the resistance booster igniter (603) detonates, the claw piston (219) pushes the entire ejection assembly to break the pull pin (7) connecting the resistance booster cylinder (1) and the upper disc (401), and the ejection assembly ejects the cylinder. At the same time, the plug and socket of the upper and lower electrical connectors separate, and the upper and lower delay pin pullers begin to delay. When the claw piston (219) moves to the narrow step of the launch tube (601), the claw piston (219) stops moving. The tube assembly continues to move forward due to inertia. The claw releases the firing pin (218). The firing pin (218) strikes and activates the delayed igniter (217) under the push of the compressed firing pin spring (221). After the delayed igniter (217) delays for a set time, it activates the gas-generating propellant (216) of the sleeve-type extension rod (2). The high-pressure gas enters the internal cavity of the sleeve-type extension rod (2). The sleeve-type extension rod (2) drives the side drag-increasing film (3) to expand axially. After the set time is extended again, due to the delay error, the upper and lower delay pin pullers do not detonate and pull the pins at the same time. The spiral spring of the planar unfolding device corresponding to the delay pin puller that detonates first unlocks, which drives the mast in the corresponding planar unfolding device to unfold. The mast drives the planar membrane and the notched side friction-increasing film to unfold. At this time, the three-dimensional unfolding device is conical. The spiral spring of the planar deployment device corresponding to the delayed detonator is unlocked, which drives the mast in the corresponding planar deployment device to deploy. The mast drives the planar membrane and the notched side drag-increasing film to deploy. At this time, the three-dimensional deployment device is fully deployed, and the side drag-increasing film is in an X configuration.

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