Alloy shaft workpiece surface treatment centerless grinder

Abstract

The application provides a centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces, which comprises a centerless grinding machine body, a support frame, an equidistant moving device and a limiting mechanism, and relates to the alloy shaft machining technical field. The support frame and the equidistant moving device are matched and arranged on the feeding side of the centerless grinding machine body. The installation spacing of each group of guide units can be flexibly adjusted according to alloy shaft workpieces of different lengths, the machining requirements of workpieces of various specifications can be met, and through the mutual cooperation of the guide units, the transmission units and the driving units, the bidirectional movement of the alloy shaft workpiece self-rotation and axial advancement can be compatible on the basis of stable multi-point support and limiting of the alloy shaft workpiece, the workpiece stable feeding operation is realized, the problems of workpiece head warping, deviation and grinding vibration in the traditional machining process are effectively eliminated, the workpiece machining radial runout is greatly reduced, and the roundness, straightness and surface smoothness of the alloy shaft workpiece after machining are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of alloy shaft machining technology, and in particular to a centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technology, during the feeding and grinding stages of a centerless grinder, alloy shaft workpieces lack radial constraint support and are prone to falling due to their own weight. During the feeding process, workpieces are easily tilted or deviated, resulting in continuous and significant chatter during grinding. This leads to large workpiece runout and failure to meet production standards in terms of roundness, straightness, and surface finish. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces. This device can solve the problems of the workpiece sagging due to its own weight, the easy occurrence of workpiece tilting and deviation during feeding and conveying, the continuous generation of obvious chatter during grinding, the large amount of workpiece runout, and the failure of roundness, straightness and surface finish to meet production standards.

[0004] This invention provides a centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces, including a centerless grinding machine body, a support frame, an equidistant moving device, and a limiting mechanism. The support frame is fixedly disposed on the feeding side of the centerless grinding machine body, and the equidistant moving device is fixedly disposed on the top of the support frame. The equidistant moving device is provided with a plurality of movable seats that can slide synchronously at equal distances. The limiting mechanism includes a plurality of guiding units, a plurality of transmission units, and a driving unit. The plurality of guiding units are fixedly disposed one-to-one on each movable seat of the equidistant moving device. Each guiding unit is provided with a transmission unit for driving it to complete the guiding and limiting adjustment, and the transmission units are linked and driven together by the driving unit.

[0005] Preferably, the guide unit includes a supporting shell and multiple supporting components. The supporting shell is fixedly mounted on a corresponding movable seat. Through holes for the alloy shaft to pass through are opened on the left and right sides of the supporting shell along the workpiece conveying direction. Multiple supporting components are arranged on the left and right sides of the supporting shell. The multiple supporting components are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the supporting shell as the center. The transmission unit is connected to the supporting shell, and the transmission unit can synchronously drive all supporting components to perform radial contraction and opening actions.

[0006] Preferably, the support assembly includes a bidirectional lead screw, two guide blocks, two slide rails, two sets of support rods, a movable plate, multiple universal ball bearings, and a transmission gear. The left and right ends of the bidirectional lead screw are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the support housing, respectively. The two guide blocks are connected to the left and right sides of the bidirectional lead screw, respectively. The two slide rails are fixedly disposed on the inner side of the support housing, and the positions of the slide rails and guide blocks correspond. The two guide blocks are slidably connected to the two slide rails, respectively. One end of each set of support rods is movably connected to the front and rear sides of the two guide blocks, respectively. The side of the movable plate away from the alloy shaft is movably connected to the other end of the two sets of support rods. The multiple universal ball bearings are connected to the side of the movable plate near the alloy shaft. One end of the bidirectional lead screw extends out of the support housing, and the transmission gear is fixedly disposed at one end of the bidirectional lead screw.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission unit includes an annular groove, two sliders, an annular base, an internal gear ring, and external teeth. The annular groove is fixedly disposed on one side of the supporting housing. The two sliders are slidably connected to the annular groove and can slide along the circumference of the annular groove. One side of the annular base is fixedly connected to the two sliders, and the annular base is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the transmission gear. The inner ring of the annular base is provided with an internal gear ring, and its outer side is provided with external teeth. The internal gear ring of the annular base meshes with the transmission gear. The drive unit is disposed on multiple guide units, and the drive unit is used to synchronously drive each transmission unit.

[0008] Preferably, the drive unit includes multiple bearing seats, an inner rod, a sleeve, a sliding seat, a motor, and multiple drive gears. Multiple bearing seats are fixedly installed on the top of the outer support housing within each guide unit. An inner rod and a sleeve are sequentially arranged between two adjacent support housings. The inner rod is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the top of one of the support housings, and the sleeve is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the top of the adjacent support housing on the other side. The sliding seat is fixedly installed on the inner rod. A slide rail is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sliding seat of the inner rod is slidably connected to the slide rail. The tail of the sleeve at the far end is a closed structure. The motor is fixedly installed on the far end support housing, and the drive end of the motor is fixedly connected to the tail of the sleeve. Multiple drive gears are respectively fixedly installed on the inner rod and the sleeve, and each drive gear meshes with the outer teeth of the corresponding transmission unit's annular base.

[0009] Preferably, the axes of the through hole, the annular base, and the annular groove of the supporting shell are the same, and the alloy shaft passes through the through hole, the annular base, and the annular groove in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the number of support components is at least four, and all support components are evenly arranged in a circumferential ring with the central axis of the support shell as the center.

[0011] Preferably, the bidirectional lead screw is connected to the support housing via a bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the bidirectional lead screw, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support housing.

[0012] This invention provides an improved centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces. Compared with the prior art, it has the following improvements and advantages: By equipping the feeding side of the centerless grinding machine body with a support frame and an equidistant moving device, the installation spacing of each set of guide units can be flexibly adjusted according to alloy shaft workpieces of different lengths, adapting to the processing needs of various specifications of workpieces. Through the cooperation of the guide unit, transmission unit, and drive unit, it can stably support and limit the alloy shaft workpiece at multiple points, while also accommodating the bidirectional movement of the alloy shaft workpiece's rotation and axial forward movement, achieving stable workpiece feeding. This effectively eliminates the problems of workpiece tilting, offset, and grinding chatter in traditional processing, significantly reducing the radial runout of the workpiece during processing, and effectively improving the roundness, straightness, and surface finish of the alloy shaft workpiece after processing, ensuring workpiece processing accuracy and finished product qualification rate. At the same time, the drive unit of this invention has adaptive telescopic performance, which can maintain a stable power transmission effect during the adjustment of the guide unit spacing with the workpiece length, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the synchronous opening and closing adjustment of multiple support components, and improving the versatility of the equipment and processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric structural diagram of the limiting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the limiting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the limiting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of position A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a side cross-sectional view of the supporting shell of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the annular base, internal gear ring, and external teeth of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a top sectional view of the sleeve and inner rod of the present invention.

[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Centerless grinder body; 2. Support frame; 3. Equidistant moving device; 4. Guide unit; 41. Support housing; 42. Support assembly; 42-1. Two-way lead screw; 42-2. Guide block; 42-3. Slide rail; 42-4. Support rod; 42-5. Moving plate; 42-6. Universal ball bearing; 42-7. Transmission gear; 5. Transmission unit; 51. Annular groove; 52. Slider; 53. Annular base; 54. Internal gear ring; 55. External gear; 6. Drive unit; 61. Bearing housing; 62. Inner rod; 63. Sleeve; 64. Sliding seat; 65. Motor; 66. Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-8 This invention provides a technical solution: a centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces, including a centerless grinding machine body 1, a support frame 2, an equidistant moving device 3, and a limiting mechanism. The support frame 2 is fixedly installed on the feeding side of the centerless grinding machine body 1, and the equidistant moving device 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 2. The equidistant moving device 3 is provided with several movable seats that can slide synchronously at equal distances. The equidistant moving device 3 is a mature existing equipment structure, and its specific structure and working principle are existing technologies, which will not be described in detail in this application. The limiting mechanism includes multiple guide units 4, multiple transmission units 5, and a drive unit 6. The multiple guide units 4 are fixedly installed one-to-one on each movable seat of the equidistant moving device 3. Each guide unit 4 is provided with a transmission unit 5 for driving it to complete the guide and limiting adjustment. The transmission units 5 are linked and connected through the drive unit 6, so that each group of guide units 4 can complete the adjustment action synchronously to achieve synchronous guide and limiting support for the alloy shaft workpiece. The central axis of the guide unit 4 coincides with the central axis of the centerless grinding machine body 1.

[0020] Specifically, the guide unit 4 includes a support housing 41 and multiple support components 42. The support housing 41 is fixedly mounted on a corresponding movable seat. Through holes for the alloy shaft to pass through are provided on the left and right sides of the support housing 41 along the workpiece conveying direction. Multiple support components 42 are provided on the left and right sides of the support housing 41. The multiple support components 42 are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the support housing 41 as the center. They can radially limit and center the alloy shaft passing through the support housing 41 from multiple directions, ensuring that the alloy shaft always smoothly completes its rotation and axial feed motion along the central axis of the equipment. The transmission unit 5 is connected to the support housing 41, and the transmission unit 5 can synchronously drive all the support components 42 to perform radial contraction and opening actions, thereby synchronously completing the centering and limiting of the alloy shaft workpiece and the adjustment operation of avoiding and releasing the workpiece.

[0021] Specifically, the support assembly 42 includes a bidirectional lead screw 42-1, two guide blocks 42-2, two slide rails 42-3, two sets of support rods 42-4, a movable plate 42-5, multiple universal balls 42-6, and a transmission gear 42-7. The left and right ends of the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the support housing 41, respectively. The two guide blocks 42-2 are respectively disposed on the left and right threaded areas of the bidirectional lead screw 42-1, and can move closer to each other as the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 rotates in both directions. Synchronous linear displacement, either near or far from each other, is achieved by two slide rails 42-3 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the supporting housing 41, with slide rails 42-3 corresponding to guide blocks 42-2. The two guide blocks 42-2 are slidably connected to the two slide rails 42-3, with the slide rails 42-3 acting as limiters and guides to ensure that the guide blocks 42-2 can only slide smoothly in a straight line along the trajectory of the slide rails 42-3. One end of each of the two sets of support rods 42-4 is movable to the front and rear sides of the two guide blocks 42-2, respectively. The system features a hinged connection, with two support rods 42-4 in each group. Each support rod 42-4 corresponds to a guide block 42-2. The side of the moving plate 42-5 away from the alloy shaft is hinged to the other end of the two support rods 42-4. During sliding displacement, the guide block 42-2 can be driven by the hinge of the support rods 42-4. Pushing and pulling the moving plate 42-5 allows for radial extension or retraction towards or away from the alloy shaft. Multiple universal balls 42-6 are connected to the side of the moving plate 42-5 near the alloy shaft, allowing for direct and flexible contact with the outer wall of the alloy shaft workpiece. This provides radial limiting support for the workpiece without hindering the rotation and axial feed motion of the alloy shaft itself. One end of the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 extends outward through and beyond the support housing 41. A transmission gear 42-7 is fixedly mounted at the end of the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 extending beyond the support housing 41. The rotational power of the transmission gear 42-7 drives the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 to rotate as a whole, thus providing power for the extension and retraction adjustment of the entire support assembly 42.

[0022] Specifically, the transmission unit 5 includes an annular groove 51, two sliders 52, an annular base 53, an internal gear ring 54, and external gears 55. The annular groove 51 is fixedly disposed on one side of the supporting housing 41. The two sliders 52 are slidably connected to the annular groove 51 and can slide circumferentially along the annular groove 51. One side of the annular base 53 is fixedly connected to the two sliders 52, so that the annular base 53 can rotate circumferentially along the annular groove 51 synchronously with the sliders 52. The annular base 53 is coaxially sleeved on the transmission gear 42-7. On the outer side, the inner ring of the annular base 53 is provided with an internal gear ring 54, and the outer side is provided with external teeth 55. The internal gear ring 54 of the annular base 53 meshes with the transmission gear 42-7. The circumferential rotation of the annular base 53 can drive the transmission gear 42-7 to rotate synchronously, thereby providing transmission power for the adjustment action of the support component 42. The drive unit 6 is correspondingly mounted on multiple guide units 4, and can uniformly drive the corresponding transmission units 5 of each guide unit 4 to operate synchronously, realizing the synchronous transmission operation of multiple sets of transmission units 5.

[0023] Specifically, the drive unit 6 includes multiple bearing seats 61, inner rods 62, sleeves 63, sliding seats 64, motors 65, and multiple drive gears 66. The drive unit 6 provides synchronous power drive for all transmission units 5. Several bearing seats 61 are fixedly installed on the top of the support shell 41 corresponding to each guide unit 4 to provide stable rotation support points for subsequent transmission rods. Two sets of transmission rods, inner rods 62 and sleeves 63, are sequentially arranged between each pair of adjacent support shells 41, adopting a segmented corresponding assembly structure. The end of rod 62 is rotatably mounted on a bearing seat 61 on the top of one side of the supporting housing 41, and the end of sleeve 63 is rotatably mounted on a corresponding bearing seat 61 on the top of the adjacent supporting housing 41 on the other side. This allows the inner rod 62 and sleeve 63 to be respectively mounted between adjacent supporting housings 41 and to be able to rotate stably circumferentially relative to the bearing seat 61. A sliding seat 64 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the inner rod 62, and a slide rail structure adapted to the sliding seat 64 is formed on the inner sidewall of sleeve 63 along its own axial direction. The inner rod 62 forms a sliding connection with the slide rail inside sleeve 63 through the sliding seat 64. The movement allows the inner rod 62 and the sleeve 63 to axially adapt to the change in the spacing of the guide unit 4, effectively matching the spacing adjustment stroke of the equidistant moving device 3. The sleeve 63 at the far end of the device has a closed structure at its tail. The motor 65 is fixedly mounted on the support shell 41 at the far end. The drive end of the motor 65 is fixedly connected to the closed tail of the sleeve 63 at the far end, allowing the motor 65 to directly drive the sleeve 63 to rotate circumferentially. Drive gears 6 are fixedly mounted on the outer sides of the inner rod 62 and the sleeve 63, respectively. 6. Each drive gear 66 rotates synchronously with the corresponding inner rod 62 and sleeve 63. The multiple drive gears 66 mesh with the outer teeth 55 of the outer periphery of the annular base 53 in the corresponding transmission unit 5. Relying on the rotational power output by the motor 65, through the step-by-step transmission of the sleeve 63, inner rod 62 and drive gear 66, the annular base 53 at all guide units 4 is synchronously driven to rotate circumferentially. This drives each set of support components 42 to synchronously complete the radial contraction and opening adjustment action, realizing the synchronous linkage adjustment of multiple sets of guide support structures.

[0024] Specifically, the axes of the through hole of the supporting shell 41, the annular base 53, and the annular slide 51 are the same. The alloy shaft passes through the through hole, the annular base 53, and the annular slide 51 in sequence. During the feeding and grinding process, the alloy shaft will pass through the through hole of the supporting shell 41, the hollow interior of the annular base 53, and the central channel of the annular slide 51 in sequence along the common central axis, maintaining the coincidence of the axes throughout the process to ensure the centering accuracy of the workpiece conveying.

[0025] Specifically, the number of support components 42 is at least four, and all support components 42 are evenly arranged in a circumferential ring with the central axis of the support shell 41 as the center. The spacing between each support component 42 is uniform and the force points are symmetrical, which can provide balanced and limited support for the alloy shaft workpiece from all directions, effectively ensuring the centering uniformity and stability of the workpiece, avoiding uneven force and centering offset caused by single point or a few point support, and ensuring the shaft centering accuracy of the alloy shaft workpiece during transportation and grinding.

[0026] Specifically, the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 is connected to the support housing 41 via a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the bidirectional lead screw 42-1, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support housing 41.

[0027] Working principle: During operation, based on the actual length specifications of the alloy shaft workpiece to be processed, the equidistant moving device 3 on the top of the feeding side support frame 2 of the centerless grinder body 1 drives each moving seat to slide synchronously and equidistantly. This precisely adjusts the axial spacing between each group of guide units 4, so that multiple groups of guide units 4 are evenly distributed along the workpiece conveying axis, adapting to the full-process support requirements of workpieces of different lengths. During the spacing adjustment process, the inner rod 62 and sleeve 63 between adjacent support shells 41 can adaptively extend and retract axially through the sliding seat 64 along the internal slide of the sleeve 63, automatically adapting to the spacing changes of the guide units 4, always maintaining the connection integrity and transmission matching accuracy of the overall transmission structure, and will not cause transmission jamming or meshing failure due to spacing adjustment. When the centerless grinder body 1 is in the formal grinding operation, the alloy shaft workpiece is axially fed along the central axis of the centerless grinder body 1, passing through the through hole of the support shell 41, the hollow area of ​​the annular base 53 and the central channel of the annular slide 51 in sequence. Relying on the coaxial structure of the three, it is ensured that the workpiece is fed along a unified axis throughout the process, avoiding workpiece conveying deviation from the source. When the workpiece is in place and the grinding operation is started, the motor 65 on the end support shell 41 is started. The motor 65 outputs rotational power to drive the end closed sleeve 63 to rotate circumferentially. The sleeve 63 drives the drive gear 66 fixed on it to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the sleeve 63 drives the adjacent inner rod 62 to rotate synchronously through the rod transmission, so that the drive gear 66 on the inner rod 62 runs synchronously. Relying on the step-by-step linkage transmission between the inner rod 62 and the sleeve 63, the synchronous circumferential rotation of the drive gear 66 at the corresponding position of all guide units 4 is realized. Each drive gear 66 continuously meshes with the external teeth 55 on the outer periphery of the corresponding transmission unit 5 annular base 53, thereby driving all annular bases 53 to rotate synchronously in annular direction along the annular groove 51 by relying on the slider 52, ensuring that the operating rhythm of each group of transmission units 5 is completely unified. During the circumferential rotation of the annular base 53, the internal gear ring 54 of its inner ring meshes with the transmission gear 42-7 at the end of the support component 42, driving the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 of each group of support components 42 to rotate synchronously in the forward or reverse direction. When the bidirectional lead screw 42-1 rotates, it drives the guide blocks 42-2 on the left and right sides to move synchronously towards each other or away from each other along the slide rail 42-3 in a linear sliding motion. During the movement of the guide block 42-2, the radial extension and retraction action is achieved by pushing and pulling the moving plate 42-5 through the support rod 42-4 hinged on the front and rear sides, thereby driving the universal ball 42-6 on the moving plate 42-5 to move closer to or away from the center workpiece, and finally realizing the synchronous radial contraction and opening adjustment of multiple groups of support components 42. In normal processing mode, four or more sets of evenly arranged ring-shaped support components 42 of the centerless grinder body 1 retract synchronously, allowing the universal balls 42-6 to gently conform to the outer wall of the alloy shaft workpiece. This forms a uniform and balanced radial limiting support from multiple directions around the workpiece, effectively counteracting the downward force of the long alloy shaft workpiece's own weight, completely eliminating the problems of tilting and deviation during the workpiece feeding process, and significantly suppressing workpiece chatter during grinding, thus improving the workpiece grinding accuracy. Furthermore, the universal balls 42-6 and the workpiece are in flexible contact support, achieving stable centering and limiting without locking the workpiece. This allows for complete adaptation to the autonomous rotation and axial feed motion of the alloy shaft workpiece during grinding, ensuring continuous and stable workpiece processing. When the workpiece is finished or the workpiece needs to be changed to a different specification, the reverse drive of the motor 65 can drive all the support components 42 to open radially in sync, quickly release the workpiece, and realize convenient workpiece unloading and changeover operations. The entire process can be completed by a single power source to achieve synchronous and precise adjustment of multiple support structures. The adjustment consistency is high and the response speed is fast, which effectively improves the stability of workpiece processing and the efficiency of equipment changeover processing.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces, characterized in that, The device includes a centerless grinder body (1), a support frame (2), an equidistant moving device (3), and a limiting mechanism. The support frame (2) is fixedly installed on the feeding side of the centerless grinder body (1). The equidistant moving device (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame (2) and is provided with several moving seats that can slide synchronously at equal distances. The limiting mechanism includes multiple guide units (4), multiple transmission units (5), and a drive unit (6). The multiple guide units (4) are fixedly installed one-to-one on each moving seat of the equidistant moving device (3). Each guide unit (4) is provided with a transmission unit (5) for driving it to complete the guide limiting adjustment. The transmission units (5) are linked and cooperated with each other through the drive unit (6).

2. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide unit (4) includes a support shell (41) and multiple support components (42). The support shell (41) is fixedly mounted on a corresponding movable seat. The support shell (41) has through holes on its left and right sides along the workpiece conveying direction for the alloy shaft to pass through. Multiple support components (42) are provided on the left and right sides of the support shell (41). The multiple support components (42) are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the support shell (41) as the center. The transmission unit (5) is connected to the support shell (41), and the transmission unit (5) can synchronously drive all support components (42) to perform radial contraction and opening actions.

3. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support assembly (42) includes a bidirectional lead screw (42-1), two guide blocks (42-2), two slide rails (42-3), two sets of support rods (42-4), a movable plate (42-5), multiple universal ball bearings (42-6), and a transmission gear (42-7). The left and right ends of the bidirectional lead screw (42-1) are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the support housing (41), respectively. The two guide blocks (42-2) are connected to the left and right sides of the bidirectional lead screw (42-1), respectively. The two slide rails (42-3) are fixedly installed inside the support housing (41), and the slide rails (42-3) and guide blocks (42-2) are connected... Correspondingly, the two guide blocks (42-2) are slidably connected to the two slide rails (42-3) respectively, one end of the two sets of support rods (42-4) is movably connected to the front and rear sides of the two guide blocks (42-2) respectively, the side of the moving plate (42-5) away from the alloy shaft is movably connected to the other end of the two sets of support rods (42-4), a plurality of universal balls (42-6) are connected to the side of the moving plate (42-5) near the alloy shaft, one end of the bidirectional lead screw (42-1) extends out of the support housing (41), and the transmission gear (42-7) is fixedly set at one end of the bidirectional lead screw (42-1).

4. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission unit (5) includes an annular groove (51), two sliders (52), an annular base (53), an internal gear ring (54), and external teeth (55). The annular groove (51) is fixedly disposed on one side of the supporting shell (41). The two sliders (52) are slidably connected to the annular groove (51) and can slide around the annular groove (51). One side of the annular base (53) is fixedly connected to the two sliders (52), and the annular base (53) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the transmission gear (42-7). The inner ring of the annular base (53) is provided with an internal gear ring (54), and the outer side is provided with external teeth (55). The internal gear ring (54) of the annular base (53) meshes with the transmission gear (42-7). The drive unit (6) is disposed on multiple guide units (4), and the drive unit (6) is used to synchronously drive each transmission unit (5).

5. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive unit (6) includes multiple bearing seats (61), an inner rod (62), a sleeve (63), a sliding seat (64), a motor (65), and multiple drive gears (66). Multiple bearing seats (61) are fixedly installed on the top of the support housing (41) within each guide unit (4). An inner rod (62) and a sleeve (63) are sequentially arranged between two adjacent support housings (41). The inner rod (62) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (61) on the top of one of the support housings (41), and the sleeve (63) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (61) on the top of the adjacent support housing (41). The moving seat (64) is fixedly mounted on the inner rod (62). The inner wall of the sleeve (63) is provided with a slide rail, and the sliding seat (64) of the inner rod (62) is slidably connected to the slide rail. The tail of the sleeve (63) at the end is a closed structure. The motor (65) is fixedly mounted on the support shell (41) at the end, and the driving end of the motor (65) is fixedly connected to the tail of the sleeve (63). Multiple driving gears (66) are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner rod (62) and the sleeve (63). Multiple driving gears (66) respectively mesh with the outer teeth (55) on the outer periphery of the annular base (53) of the corresponding transmission unit (5).

6. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that, The axes of the through hole, the annular base (53), and the annular groove (51) of the supporting shell (41) are the same, and the alloy shaft passes through the through hole, the annular base (53), and the annular groove (51) in sequence.

7. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 6, characterized in that, The number of the support components (42) is at least four, and all the support components (42) are evenly arranged in a circumferential ring with the central axis of the support shell (41) as the center.

8. The centerless grinding machine for surface treatment of alloy shaft workpieces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bidirectional lead screw (42-1) is connected to the support housing (41) via a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the bidirectional lead screw (42-1), and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support housing (41).

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