A high temperature control method and system applied to biomass mechanism carbon

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of high-temperature control, in particular to a high-temperature control method and system applied to biomass mechanism carbon, which comprises the following steps: obtaining kiln environment parameters, gas component detection data and raw material characteristics of a target carbonization kiln in a mechanism carbon firing process; identifying the kiln position of key monitoring indexes and abnormal indexes of a corresponding firing stage of the target mechanism carbon according to the kiln environment parameters, the gas component detection data and the raw material characteristics; and visually displaying the kiln position of the key monitoring indexes and the abnormal indexes of the corresponding firing stage of the target mechanism carbon. Through the acquisition of the kiln environment parameters, the gas component detection data and the raw material characteristics, real-time monitoring and adjustment of the carbonization process can be realized, so that the target mechanism carbon is ensured to be fired in an optimal temperature interval, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature control technology, specifically to a high-temperature control method and system for biomass charcoal production. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, traditional methods typically rely on manual monitoring or relatively simple automated control systems. This makes it impossible to track changes in environmental parameters and gas composition within the kiln in real time. Once an anomaly occurs, it is usually impossible to quickly identify the problem area, leading to production accidents or even fluctuations in product quality. Moreover, traditional carbonization methods often use fixed temperature ranges, which cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. This method is inefficient when facing different raw materials or production requirements, the product quality is unstable, and it is difficult to make timely dynamic adjustments during the carbonization process.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional methods are often unable to adjust in real time based on the difference between the target carbonization rate and the actual carbonization rate, which can easily lead to the carbonization process being too fast or too slow, affecting product quality. At the same time, the lack of flexible production adjustments also results in low production efficiency and waste of resources. Moreover, the exhaust control in traditional methods is mostly in a fixed mode, which is difficult to adjust precisely according to different combustion conditions, resulting in heavy pollution from emissions and failing to effectively reduce the impact on the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal, comprising:

[0005] Acquire the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics during the charcoal firing process in the target carbonization kiln;

[0006] Based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics, identify the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the corresponding firing stage of the target charcoal.

[0007] The location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators within the kiln during the corresponding firing stage of the target charcoal is visualized.

[0008] Receive process adjustment preference information from the target operator for key monitoring indicators. The process adjustment preference information is used to indicate the preferred control temperature range. Based on the process adjustment preference information and key monitoring indicators, determine the target temperature control range for the target charcoal.

[0009] The heating device inside the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal.

[0010] Preferably, based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics, the location within the kiln of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators corresponding to the firing stage of the target charcoal is identified, including:

[0011] If the temperature-exceeding area is extracted from the kiln environment parameters, then, in combination with the volatile content in the raw material characteristics, the multiple gas concentration detection data corresponding to the temperature-exceeding area in the gas composition detection data as a function of time are determined.

[0012] If there are discrepancies among multiple gas concentration detection data and they exceed the preset concentration threshold, the area with excessive temperature will be identified as the location of the abnormal indicator in the kiln corresponding to the firing stage of the target charcoal, and the temperature value and gas concentration value of the area with excessive temperature will be jointly identified as the key monitoring indicator.

[0013] Preferably, the heating device inside the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal, including:

[0014] Based on the process adjustment preference information, the target temperature control range is divided into a core area and an edge area. The core area matches the preferred control temperature range indicated by the process adjustment preference information, while the edge area is the region in the target temperature control range other than the core area.

[0015] If the current heating area of ​​the kiln heating device belongs to the core area, the kiln heating device will be controlled to supply heat according to the set fuel quantity.

[0016] If the current heating area of ​​the kiln heating device is in the edge zone, then the temperature suppression control of the kiln heating device is carried out on the basis of the corresponding heating control in the core zone.

[0017] Preferably, the kiln heating device is subjected to temperature suppression control based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, including at least one of the following:

[0018] Reduce the fuel supply to the kiln heating device based on the corresponding heating control in the core area;

[0019] Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, the air intake in the kiln is adjusted by controlling the speed of the induced draft fan in the kiln. The adjusted air intake in the kiln reduces the combustion intensity in the edge area compared to the air intake in the kiln before adjustment.

[0020] Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, reduce the fuel supply to the kiln heating device, including at least one of the following:

[0021] Reduce the operating speed of the fuel conveyor belt based on the corresponding heating control in the core area;

[0022] Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, some of the kiln heating nozzles are shut off.

[0023] Preferably, after controlling the heating device inside the kiln according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal, the method further includes:

[0024] The target carbonization rate of the machine-made charcoal is determined based on the characteristics of the raw materials and the parameters of the kiln environment.

[0025] Obtain the actual carbonization rate of the machine-made charcoal and determine the first rate difference between the target carbonization rate and the actual carbonization rate;

[0026] The combustion conditions of the kiln are determined based on the first rate difference and the pressure gradient inside the kiln.

[0027] If the combustion condition information indicates a stable condition, then the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range.

[0028] If the combustion condition information indicates the first warning condition, then the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range, and the material turning control of the kiln is controlled according to the first rate difference.

[0029] If the combustion condition information indicates a second warning condition, then the kiln exhaust control is implemented based on the kiln pressure gradient and the target carbonization rate.

[0030] Preferably, the combustion condition information of the kiln is determined based on the first rate difference and the pressure gradient inside the kiln, including:

[0031] If the detected first rate difference meets the preset rate threshold condition, then the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the first warning condition.

[0032] If the first rate difference is not detected to meet the rate threshold condition, then it is determined whether the pressure gradient inside the kiln is greater than the pressure gradient threshold.

[0033] If the pressure gradient inside the kiln is detected to be greater than the pressure gradient threshold, the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the second warning condition; otherwise, the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the stable condition.

[0034] Preferably, the kiln exhaust gas is controlled based on the kiln pressure gradient and the target carbonization rate, including:

[0035] Based on the pressure gradient inside the kiln and the volatile matter content in the raw materials, the actual carbonization rate is corrected to obtain the corrected carbonization rate.

[0036] The exhaust gas of the kiln is controlled based on the second rate difference between the target carbonization rate and the corrected carbonization rate.

[0037] Preferably, the kiln exhaust control includes:

[0038] The temperature stage of the kiln is determined based on the first rate difference or the second rate difference;

[0039] If the temperature stage matches the preset low temperature stage, the smoke exhaust is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the opening of the feed inlet.

[0040] If the temperature stage matches the preset medium temperature stage, the exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top through the control of the feed inlet opening.

[0041] If the temperature stage matches the preset high temperature stage, the exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the emergency spray through the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top.

[0042] The temperature value corresponding to the low temperature stage is lower than the temperature value corresponding to the medium temperature stage, and the temperature value corresponding to the medium temperature stage is lower than the temperature value corresponding to the high temperature stage.

[0043] Preferably, the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range, including:

[0044] If the target temperature control range is detected to meet the preset heating rate condition, the air volume adjustment information of the primary air fan for the kiln is obtained based on the target temperature control range and the current load information of the kiln.

[0045] Based on the insulation section information in the target temperature control range, the air pressure adjustment information for the primary air fan is obtained;

[0046] Based on the current load information of the target temperature control range, as well as the material layer thickness and permeability information of the kiln, the frequency conversion control information of the primary air fan is obtained.

[0047] Based on air volume regulation information, air pressure regulation information, and frequency conversion control information, the primary air fan is controlled to make adjustments.

[0048] A high-temperature control system for biomass charcoal, applicable to the aforementioned high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal, comprising:

[0049] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics during the charcoal firing process in the target carbonization kiln.

[0050] The firing detection unit is used to identify the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics.

[0051] The kiln display unit is used to visually display the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the firing stage of the target charcoal.

[0052] The temperature determination unit is used to receive process adjustment preference information of the target operator for key monitoring indicators. The process adjustment preference information is used to indicate the preferred control temperature range, and the target temperature control range of the target charcoal is determined according to the process adjustment preference information and the key monitoring indicators.

[0053] The high-temperature control unit is used to control the heating device inside the kiln according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0055] (1) By acquiring the environmental parameters inside the kiln, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics, the present invention can realize real-time monitoring and adjustment of the carbonization process, thereby ensuring that the target charcoal is fired in the optimal temperature range, improving product quality. Moreover, it can identify and visualize the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators, quickly locate the problem area, take timely measures, and avoid production accidents caused by excessive temperature or abnormal gas composition.

[0056] (2) The present invention flexibly adjusts the target temperature control range according to the operator's process adjustment preference information, so that the production process is more in line with actual needs, improves production efficiency and product consistency. Moreover, by monitoring the difference between the target carbonization rate and the actual carbonization rate, dynamic process adjustment can be achieved to ensure the stability of the carbonization process and avoid the impact of excessively fast or slow carbonization rates on product quality. Furthermore, by implementing graded smoke control according to different combustion conditions, emissions can be effectively reduced, environmental pollution can be reduced, and energy utilization efficiency can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the overall method in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] In the diagram: 1. Data acquisition unit; 2. Firing detection unit; 3. Kiln interior display unit; 4. Temperature determination unit; 5. High-temperature control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a technical solution: a high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal making, comprising:

[0062] S1. Obtain the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics of the target carbonization kiln during the mechanical charcoal firing process.

[0063] S2. Based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics, identify the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the corresponding firing stage of the target charcoal.

[0064] S3. Visualize the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the firing stage of the target charcoal.

[0065] S4. Receive process adjustment preference information from the target operator for key monitoring indicators. The process adjustment preference information is used to indicate the preferred control temperature range. Based on the process adjustment preference information and key monitoring indicators, determine the target temperature control range for the target charcoal.

[0066] S5. Control the heating device inside the kiln according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal.

[0067] It should be noted that during the production of machine-made charcoal, the ambient temperature, gas composition (such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, methane, etc.) and raw material characteristics (such as humidity, size, density, etc.) inside the carbonization kiln have a significant impact on the carbonization process. The purpose of this step is to monitor and record these parameters in real time through sensors and data acquisition systems. For example, assuming that sawdust is used as raw material in the production process, sensors can monitor the temperature and humidity inside the kiln and measure data such as the concentration of gas components, such as carbon dioxide.

[0068] Based on the collected environmental data and raw material characteristics, it is possible to determine which indicators are crucial to the carbonization process. For example, excessively high or low temperatures may lead to poor carbonization quality, and abnormal gas composition may indicate incomplete combustion or improper raw material handling. In addition, different locations within the kiln may have different temperatures or gas compositions, and the monitoring indicators at these locations require special attention. For example, in a kiln, it may be found that the temperature at the bottom of the kiln is too high, while the temperature at the top of the kiln is too low. In this case, special attention needs to be paid to these locations, especially the changes in temperature and gas composition.

[0069] Key monitoring data can be displayed through charts or interfaces to help operators understand and judge the current status of the carbonization process. Visual displays can help operators quickly identify anomalies and make timely adjustments. For example, if the temperature inside the kiln is uneven, the temperature distribution at different locations inside the kiln can be displayed in the form of a heat map on the operating interface to help operators identify the problem and make adjustments.

[0070] Operators will provide their desired temperature control range based on actual production needs and preferences; for example, some raw materials may require firing at higher temperatures, while others require lower temperatures; this process adjustment preference information will help determine the range of target temperatures during the carbonization process; for example, based on previous experience, operators may want to maintain the temperature between 800°C and 900°C at a certain stage, and the system will set the target temperature control range according to this preference.

[0071] Based on the preceding analysis, once the target temperature control range is determined, the system will automatically adjust the heating devices inside the carbonization kiln to maintain the temperature within the target range, thereby ensuring the stability and quality of the carbonization process. For example, suppose that, based on adjustment preferences, the operator wants to set the temperature inside the kiln to 850°C. On this basis, the system will control the heating devices (such as gas heating, thermoelectric heating, etc.) to automatically adjust the temperature and ensure that the temperature inside the kiln is around 850°C.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, based on kiln environmental parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics, the location within the kiln of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators corresponding to the firing stage of the target charcoal is identified, including:

[0073] If the temperature-exceeding area is extracted from the kiln environment parameters, then, in combination with the volatile content in the raw material characteristics, the multiple gas concentration detection data corresponding to the temperature-exceeding area in the gas composition detection data as a function of time are determined.

[0074] If there are discrepancies among multiple gas concentration detection data and they exceed the preset concentration threshold, the area with excessive temperature will be identified as the location of the abnormal indicator in the kiln corresponding to the firing stage of the target charcoal, and the temperature value and gas concentration value of the area with excessive temperature will be jointly identified as the key monitoring indicator.

[0075] It should be noted that the temperature may vary in different locations within the carbonization kiln. If the temperature in certain areas exceeds the safe or ideal range, it is called a "temperature exceeding the standard zone." Such areas may affect the quality of the machine-made charcoal and may even lead to incomplete combustion or the production of harmful gases. For example, suppose the temperature in the central area of ​​the kiln reaches 950°C, while the ideal temperature is 850°C. This constitutes a temperature exceeding the standard zone. Excessive temperature may cause the surface of the wood chip machine-made charcoal to be over-carbonized while the inside is not fully carbonized, affecting the overall quality of the charcoal.

[0076] Different raw materials have different volatile matter content; raw materials with high volatile matter content will release more gases, such as carbon monoxide, methane, or carbon dioxide, at high temperatures. Therefore, when the temperature exceeds the limit, it is necessary to analyze the changes in gas concentration over time in that area, taking into account the volatile matter characteristics of the raw material. For example, if the volatile matter content of sawdust is 20%, in the high-temperature zone at the center of the kiln, the system detects a rapid increase in carbon monoxide concentration over a short period of time, while the concentrations of methane and carbon dioxide change slowly. Recording these gas concentrations over time forms a multi-data sequence, which is used to determine whether the carbonization in that area is abnormal.

[0077] If, in an area where the temperature exceeds the limit, the concentrations of multiple gases show significant differences (for example, carbon monoxide concentration is much higher than normal, while carbon dioxide and methane show little change) and exceed the preset threshold, it indicates an anomaly in that area, requiring close monitoring. For example, in the central temperature-exceeding area of ​​the kiln, if the carbon monoxide concentration exceeds the threshold while other gases do not show significant changes, it indicates that the combustion in this area may be uneven or the raw material may not be completely carbonized. Mark this area as the location of the abnormal indicator, and record the temperature and gas concentration as key monitoring indicators.

[0078] Key monitoring indicators include temperature and gas concentration, which are important bases for operators to judge whether the firing process is normal. If both indicators are abnormal at the same time, it means that the heating or ventilation strategy in the kiln needs to be adjusted in time.

[0079] In an optional embodiment, the kiln heating device is controlled according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal, including:

[0080] Based on the process adjustment preference information, the target temperature control range is divided into a core area and an edge area. The core area matches the preferred control temperature range indicated by the process adjustment preference information, while the edge area is the region in the target temperature control range other than the core area.

[0081] If the current heating area of ​​the kiln heating device belongs to the core area, the kiln heating device will be controlled to supply heat according to the set fuel quantity.

[0082] If the current heating area of ​​the kiln heating device is in the edge zone, then the temperature suppression control of the kiln heating device is carried out on the basis of the corresponding heating control in the core zone.

[0083] It should be noted that, based on the target temperature range for the desired carbonization process (e.g., a target temperature of 850°C to 950°C), the entire temperature range is divided into a core zone and an edge zone. The core zone is the most suitable temperature range for carbonization within the target temperature range. This range is typically refined based on process requirements, raw material characteristics, and equipment control needs; this is the ideal temperature range for carbonization. The edge zone consists of the two ends of the target temperature range, usually with temperatures slightly higher or lower, but still within acceptable limits. Temperatures in this zone are less suitable for precise carbonization, but still within the permissible range. For example, assuming the target temperature range is 850°C to 950°C, the core zone might be 870°C to 930°C (the most suitable temperature range for carbonization), while the edge zones are 850°C to 870°C and 930°C to 950°C (these temperatures are tolerable, but not as ideal as the core zone).

[0084] Depending on the location of the heating device, different heating control strategies are adopted for the core and edge zones. If the area where the heating device is located is the core zone (i.e., the temperature is within the core temperature range), heating control is performed according to the set fuel quantity. This means that the heating device will continuously heat to maintain the temperature within the target range to ensure the ideal carbonization effect. For example, assuming the current core zone temperature in the kiln is set to 900°C, the heating device will heat according to the fuel setting to ensure the temperature is stable within this core zone. If the area where the heating device is located is the edge zone (i.e., the temperature is close to the upper or lower boundary of the target range), "temperature suppression control" is implemented on the basis of core zone heating control. This means that in addition to normal heating, the system will make appropriate adjustments to the heating device to avoid the temperature being too high or too low, ensuring that the temperature does not exceed the target range and avoid affecting the carbonization process. For example, assuming the temperature in the area where the heating device is located is 955°C (slightly higher than the upper limit of the target range), the system will reduce the heating intensity to prevent the temperature from rising further. If the temperature is 840°C (slightly lower than the lower limit of the target range), the system may increase the heating intensity, but will still control it within a reasonable range in the edge zone.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, temperature suppression control is performed on the kiln heating device based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, including at least one of the following:

[0086] Reduce the fuel supply to the kiln heating device based on the corresponding heating control in the core area;

[0087] Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, the air intake in the kiln is adjusted by controlling the speed of the induced draft fan in the kiln. The adjusted air intake in the kiln reduces the combustion intensity in the edge area compared to the air intake in the kiln before adjustment.

[0088] Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, reduce the fuel supply to the kiln heating device, including at least one of the following:

[0089] Reduce the operating speed of the fuel conveyor belt based on the corresponding heating control in the core area;

[0090] Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, some of the kiln heating nozzles are shut off.

[0091] It should be noted that when the temperature is in the edge zone, the temperature should first be controlled by reducing the fuel supply. Specifically, this includes the following methods: Reducing the fuel supply: directly reducing the amount of fuel supplied to the heating device to reduce the heating intensity; for example, assuming the temperature at a certain location has reached the upper limit of the edge zone, perhaps 955°C (the target range is 850°C to 950°C), the system will reduce the fuel supply, for example, by slowing down the fuel conveyor belt to reduce the amount of fuel entering the heating device, thereby reducing the heating intensity and preventing the temperature from rising further;

[0092] Temperature can be reduced by adjusting the air intake in the kiln. The air intake affects the oxygen supply in the kiln, and the amount of oxygen directly affects the combustion intensity. If the air intake is too large, combustion will intensify, leading to a rise in temperature. Therefore, reducing the air intake can effectively lower the temperature. The air intake in the kiln can also be adjusted by controlling the speed of the induced draft fan: reducing the air intake decreases the oxygen supply in the kiln, thereby reducing the combustion intensity and preventing the temperature from rising further. For example, if the temperature in a certain area of ​​the kiln is too high, the system will control the speed of the induced draft fan to reduce the oxygen supply. For instance, adjusting the speed of the induced draft fan reduces the air intake, thus lowering the combustion intensity in the kiln and preventing the temperature from rising further.

[0093] The fuel conveyor belt is used to control the speed at which fuel enters the heating device. Reducing the conveyor belt speed means reducing the fuel supply. Lowering the operating speed of the fuel conveyor belt reduces the amount of fuel entering the kiln, thereby reducing heat output and achieving temperature suppression. For example, if the temperature in a certain area of ​​the kiln is close to the target upper limit, the system can reduce the speed of the fuel conveyor belt to reduce the amount of fuel entering. For instance, if the original speed of the fuel conveyor belt is 10 meters per minute, the system can slow it down to 5 meters per minute, thus reducing the amount of fuel supplied and suppressing excessive temperature growth.

[0094] Inside the kiln, multiple heating nozzles are used for fuel injection and combustion. If the temperature in a certain area is too high, shutting off some nozzles can reduce the local heat input. Shutting off some heating nozzles reduces the operation of certain nozzles, lowers the heat supply to a local area, and thus suppresses the temperature rise in the edge area. For example, suppose the temperature in a certain area of ​​the kiln is close to the upper limit of the edge area (e.g., 940°C). At this time, the system can shut off some heating nozzles to reduce heat input. For example, if a heating nozzle is originally responsible for providing heat to a certain area, the system may shut off this nozzle to reduce the heat supply to that area, thereby preventing the temperature from rising further.

[0095] In an optional embodiment, after controlling the kiln heating device according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal, the method further includes:

[0096] The target carbonization rate of the machine-made charcoal is determined based on the characteristics of the raw materials and the parameters of the kiln environment.

[0097] Obtain the actual carbonization rate of the machine-made charcoal and determine the first rate difference between the target carbonization rate and the actual carbonization rate;

[0098] The combustion conditions of the kiln are determined based on the first rate difference and the pressure gradient inside the kiln.

[0099] If the combustion condition information indicates a stable condition, then the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range.

[0100] If the combustion condition information indicates the first warning condition, then the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range, and the material turning control of the kiln is controlled according to the first rate difference.

[0101] If the combustion condition information indicates a second warning condition, then the kiln exhaust control is implemented based on the kiln pressure gradient and the target carbonization rate.

[0102] It should be noted that different raw materials have different carbonization characteristics (such as moisture, volatile matter, density, etc.), and the carbonization rate will also vary under different environmental conditions (such as kiln temperature, humidity, airflow, etc.). To achieve the ideal carbonization effect, a suitable target carbonization rate must first be calculated based on the characteristics of the raw material and the environmental parameters inside the kiln. For example, suppose pine wood is used as raw material, and the temperature inside the kiln is set to 900°C. Pine wood has a high volatile matter content, requiring a faster carbonization rate to quickly remove moisture and volatiles, thereby achieving the target carbonization rate (e.g., carbonizing 100 kg of raw material per hour).

[0103] During the carbonization process, the carbonization rate is monitored in real time and compared with the target rate to calculate the first rate difference. This difference reflects whether the current carbonization process is consistent with expectations. For example, if the system detects an actual carbonization rate of 90 kg / h, while the target carbonization rate is 100 kg / h, then the first rate difference is 10 kg / h. This difference indicates that the current carbonization process is slower than expected.

[0104] Based on the difference in carbonization rate and the pressure gradient within the kiln (the distribution of airflow, temperature, and pressure within the kiln), the current combustion condition of the kiln can be determined. Different control measures are taken according to different combustion conditions. Stable condition: This indicates that the carbonization process is stable and the carbonization rate basically meets expectations. First warning condition: The carbonization rate is slow or unstable, which may indicate problems such as excessively low temperature or incomplete combustion. Second warning condition: The carbonization rate is significantly low, which may indicate abnormal combustion, damp raw materials, or poor airflow. When the combustion condition is stable, it means that the carbonization process is normal. At this time, the main task is to maintain a stable oxygen supply (air supply) within the kiln to ensure continuous combustion and prevent temperature drop. Example: Assuming that the current temperature inside the kiln is within the target range and the carbonization rate is close to the target rate, the system will maintain a stable air supply to keep the oxygen supply within the kiln consistent, thereby maintaining a stable combustion state.

[0105] If the combustion condition enters the first warning condition, it indicates that there is a certain deviation in the carbonization rate, which may be due to insufficient oxygen, inadequate fuel, or other reasons. At this time, more refined control methods are required: continue to control the air supply to the kiln according to the target temperature control range, and increase or adjust the oxygen supply; at the same time, control the material turning (turning the raw materials) according to the rate difference to ensure uniform heating of the raw materials and avoid local carbonization that is too fast or too slow. For example, suppose the carbonization rate in the kiln is 10% slower than the target rate, and the temperature in the kiln is slightly lower than expected; at this time, the system will increase the air supply (increase the oxygen supply) and start the material turning system to ensure uniform distribution of the raw materials, thereby improving the carbonization rate.

[0106] If the combustion condition enters the second warning condition, it indicates that the carbonization process in the kiln has deviated significantly from the target rate, possibly due to abnormal combustion or raw material quality issues. In this case, in addition to adjusting the air supply and material turning, it is also necessary to strengthen exhaust control: Exhaust control: By controlling the kiln's exhaust volume, the discharge of waste gas and excess moisture from the kiln is reduced to maintain a suitable environmental pressure and prevent the carbonization process from being too slow or incomplete. For example, if the carbonization rate in the kiln is significantly lower than the target rate, and the moisture in the kiln is not discharged in time, it may lead to incomplete carbonization. In this case, the system will increase the exhaust volume to accelerate the discharge of moisture, preventing moisture accumulation in the kiln and affecting the carbonization quality.

[0107] In an optional embodiment, the combustion condition information of the kiln is determined based on the first rate difference and the pressure gradient inside the kiln, including:

[0108] If the detected first rate difference meets the preset rate threshold condition, then the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the first warning condition.

[0109] If the first rate difference is not detected to meet the rate threshold condition, then it is determined whether the pressure gradient inside the kiln is greater than the pressure gradient threshold.

[0110] If the pressure gradient inside the kiln is detected to be greater than the pressure gradient threshold, the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the second warning condition; otherwise, the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the stable condition.

[0111] It should be noted that the first rate difference is the difference between the target carbonization rate and the actual carbonization rate, indicating whether the carbonization process is proceeding according to the predetermined target; if the actual rate differs significantly from the target rate, it indicates that there may be an abnormality in the carbonization process; the kiln pressure gradient refers to the pressure difference at different locations within the kiln, which is usually related to factors such as airflow and temperature; the pressure gradient can reflect whether the airflow within the kiln is uniform and whether there are problems such as blockage or incomplete combustion.

[0112] If the first rate difference meets the preset rate threshold condition: this means that the difference between the actual carbonization rate and the target rate is large, which usually indicates that there is a problem with the carbonization process; at this time, the combustion condition of the kiln will be confirmed to enter the first warning condition; this situation may be caused by incomplete combustion, unstable airflow in the kiln or unsuitable raw material quality, etc.; for example: assuming the target carbonization rate is 100 kg / h, but the actual rate is only 50 kg / h, the rate difference is large (the first rate difference reaches the preset threshold), at this time the combustion condition of the kiln is judged to be the first warning condition, and it may be necessary to increase the oxygen supply or adjust the heating method in the kiln;

[0113] If the actual carbonization rate is not much different from the target rate, it means that the carbonization process is relatively normal, but the combustion conditions still need to be further judged by the pressure gradient inside the kiln.

[0114] If the pressure gradient inside the kiln exceeds the pressure gradient threshold, this usually indicates uneven airflow within the kiln, potentially due to blockages, excessively high or low local temperatures. In this case, the kiln's combustion condition will be confirmed as entering the second warning condition, requiring measures (such as flue gas extraction and material turning) to ensure smooth airflow and prevent incomplete combustion. For example, assuming the carbonization rate is close to the target, but monitoring reveals an excessively large pressure gradient inside the kiln (i.e., significant pressure differences at different locations), it may indicate uneven airflow, resulting in some raw materials failing to carbonize evenly. In this situation, the kiln's combustion condition will be classified as the second warning condition, potentially requiring adjustments to the flue gas system or increased air circulation.

[0115] If the pressure gradient inside the kiln is less than the pressure gradient threshold, it means that the airflow inside the kiln is relatively uniform and the pressure difference is not significant, indicating that the combustion conditions of the kiln are relatively stable. At this time, the combustion conditions of the kiln can be considered to be stable, and no further intervention is required. For example, assuming that the carbonization rate matches the target rate and the pressure gradient inside the kiln is small, it means that the airflow is relatively uniform and the carbonization process is normal. In this case, the combustion conditions of the kiln will be judged to be stable, and routine operations can continue, such as maintaining the current air supply and material turning frequency.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, kiln exhaust control is performed based on the kiln pressure gradient and the target carbonization rate, including:

[0117] Based on the pressure gradient inside the kiln and the volatile matter content in the raw materials, the actual carbonization rate is corrected to obtain the corrected carbonization rate.

[0118] The exhaust gas of the kiln is controlled based on the second rate difference between the target carbonization rate and the corrected carbonization rate.

[0119] It should be noted that the actual carbonization rate refers to the current carbonization speed of the kiln. Different raw materials have different volatile matter content. Raw materials with high volatile matter content will release more gas during carbonization, which may affect the carbonization rate. The pressure gradient inside the kiln represents the distribution of airflow and pressure within the kiln. If the pressure gradient is too large, the airflow will be obstructed, which will also affect the carbonization rate. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the actual carbonization rate based on the pressure gradient and the volatile matter content of the raw materials to obtain a more realistic "corrected carbonization rate" that better reflects the actual combustion conditions inside the kiln. For example, suppose the pine wood raw material has a high volatile matter content, and the pressure gradient in a certain section of the kiln is large, causing the carbonization rate in that section to be slower than actually measured. By considering the pressure gradient and volatile matter content, the original actual carbonization rate can be corrected to obtain the corrected carbonization rate. For example, if the original measurement was 90 kg / h, the corrected rate might be adjusted to 80 kg / h to reflect the true carbonization situation.

[0120] The target carbonization rate is the rate that the operator hopes the kiln will achieve, such as 100 kg / hour. The corrected carbonization rate reflects the actual rate under the actual combustion conditions inside the kiln. By comparing the difference between the two, it can be determined whether the kiln needs to adjust the exhaust gas volume. If the corrected carbonization rate is lower than the target rate, it indicates that the carbonization speed is insufficient, and the exhaust gas volume needs to be increased to accelerate the airflow inside the kiln and ensure a more sufficient oxygen supply, thereby improving carbonization efficiency. If the corrected carbonization rate is higher than the target rate, it indicates that the carbonization speed is too fast, and the exhaust gas volume can be appropriately reduced to avoid over-carbonization of raw materials or unstable combustion. For example, assuming the target carbonization rate is 100 kg / hour and the corrected carbonization rate is 80 kg / hour, the difference is 20 kg / hour, indicating that the carbonization speed is insufficient. The operator can increase the exhaust gas volume to make the air circulation inside the kiln faster and improve the carbonization rate. After a period of exhaust gas adjustment, if the carbonization rate increases to near the target, it indicates that the control measures are effective.

[0121] In an optional embodiment, controlling the exhaust gas from the kiln includes:

[0122] The temperature stage of the kiln is determined based on the first rate difference or the second rate difference;

[0123] If the temperature stage matches the preset low temperature stage, the smoke exhaust is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the opening of the feed inlet.

[0124] If the temperature stage matches the preset medium temperature stage, the exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top through the control of the feed inlet opening.

[0125] If the temperature stage matches the preset high temperature stage, the exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the emergency spray through the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top.

[0126] The temperature value corresponding to the low temperature stage is lower than the temperature value corresponding to the medium temperature stage, and the temperature value corresponding to the medium temperature stage is lower than the temperature value corresponding to the high temperature stage.

[0127] It should be noted that the first rate difference and the second rate difference are used to judge the dynamic changes in the carbonization process inside the kiln by the change in the carbonization rate; based on the change in the rate difference, the current temperature stage of the kiln can be calculated; for example, if the carbonization rate changes significantly, it may indicate that the temperature has entered the high temperature stage; based on the determined temperature stage (low temperature, medium temperature, high temperature), appropriate control measures are selected to adjust the operation of the kiln to ensure the stability of the carbonization process.

[0128] In the low-temperature stage, the temperature is low and the carbonization reaction starts slowly. At this time, the amount of exhaust gas is mainly controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and the opening of the feed inlet. Adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan can affect the airflow velocity, thereby affecting the atmosphere inside the kiln; the opening of the feed inlet controls the amount of raw material supplied, which in turn affects the reaction rate. For example, suppose the kiln is currently in the low-temperature stage, with a temperature of 200°C. At this time, the carbonization reaction of the raw material has just begun, and the gas release is relatively small. In order to ensure that the temperature gradually increases, the frequency of the induced draft fan can be reduced and the feed inlet can be opened appropriately to maintain a moderate airflow and a stable temperature inside the kiln.

[0129] In the intermediate temperature stage, the temperature is already relatively high, and the carbonization reaction gradually accelerates, requiring more control measures. In addition to adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and the opening of the feed inlet, it is also necessary to control the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top. The explosion-proof valve is used to automatically release gas when the pressure inside the kiln is too high, preventing an explosion inside the kiln. For example, suppose the kiln is in the intermediate temperature stage, with a temperature of 500°C. At this time, the carbonization rate has accelerated, and the pressure may gradually increase. In order to ensure safety and accelerate the carbonization process, the opening of the explosion-proof valve can be adjusted as needed to release gas in a timely manner to prevent excessive gas accumulation, while continuing to adjust the frequency of the induced draft fan and the opening of the feed inlet.

[0130] The high-temperature stage is the hottest stage in the carbonization process, with the highest temperature. At this point, the carbonization reaction is nearing completion, but strict control of the kiln atmosphere is necessary to prevent over-carbonization or premature burnout of the raw materials. Exhaust gas control measures include kiln top explosion-proof valve control, induced draft fan frequency adjustment, and emergency spray control. Emergency spray is used to quickly reduce the kiln temperature when it is too high, preventing equipment damage or over-carbonization. For example, suppose the kiln is in the high-temperature stage, with the temperature reaching 900°C. At this point, the carbonization process is nearing completion, but careful control of the high temperature within the kiln is required. To avoid danger caused by excessive temperature, the kiln top explosion-proof valve can be opened appropriately to release gas, while the induced draft fan frequency is adjusted to maintain a stable airflow. Finally, if the temperature is too high, the emergency spray device should be activated for cooling to prevent the kiln temperature from exceeding the safe range.

[0131] In an optional embodiment, controlling the air supply to the kiln according to a target temperature control range includes:

[0132] If the target temperature control range is detected to meet the preset heating rate condition, the air volume adjustment information of the primary air fan for the kiln is obtained based on the target temperature control range and the current load information of the kiln.

[0133] Based on the insulation section information in the target temperature control range, the air pressure adjustment information for the primary air fan is obtained;

[0134] Based on the current load information of the target temperature control range, as well as the material layer thickness and permeability information of the kiln, the frequency conversion control information of the primary air fan is obtained.

[0135] Based on air volume regulation information, air pressure regulation information, and frequency conversion control information, the primary air fan is controlled to make adjustments.

[0136] It should be noted that the target temperature control range is a set temperature range within which the kiln needs to remain stable; the heating rate condition refers to whether the rate of temperature increase meets the requirements; assuming an ideal heating rate is set, if the temperature rises too quickly or too slowly, it may affect the normal operation of the kiln; for example, assuming the target temperature is set to 500°C and the heating rate is specified to be 10°C per hour; if the current heating rate of the kiln is higher or lower than this rate, adjustments are required.

[0137] The primary air blower is responsible for providing the main airflow inside the kiln, typically used to regulate temperature and atmosphere. The goal of airflow regulation is to help the kiln achieve the required heating rate by changing the output airflow of the primary air blower. Airflow regulation is based on the target temperature control range and current load information. For example, the higher the load on the kiln, the more airflow may be needed to ensure that the temperature rises as expected. For instance, if the kiln is under heavy load (e.g., there is a lot of material inside), in order to ensure the heating rate, it may be necessary to increase the airflow of the primary air blower to provide more air and help the temperature inside the kiln rise faster.

[0138] In certain insulation sections (i.e., temperature stabilization sections) within the target temperature range, a certain temperature needs to be maintained. To ensure temperature stability, the airflow intensity can be controlled by adjusting the air pressure of the primary air blower, thereby avoiding excessive airflow that could cause temperature fluctuations. For example, suppose the kiln has reached the target temperature of 500°C and needs to maintain it for a period of time. To prevent the temperature from dropping too quickly, the air pressure of the primary air blower can be adjusted to reduce the airflow and ensure that the airflow does not interfere with temperature stability.

[0139] Variable frequency control (VFD) changes the air volume and pressure by adjusting the fan speed. Based on kiln load information, material layer thickness, and permeability information (these factors determine the ease of airflow within the kiln), the frequency of the primary fan is adjusted to ensure that the air supply to the kiln is neither too much nor too little. For example, if the material layer in the kiln is thick and airflow is difficult, the frequency of the primary fan may need to be adjusted to increase the air volume and ensure air circulation. If the material layer is thin and permeability is good, the air volume can be reduced to prevent excessive airflow from causing the kiln temperature to rise too quickly.

[0140] By combining air volume regulation, air pressure regulation, and frequency conversion control information, the operation of the primary air fan can be comprehensively controlled, enabling the kiln to maintain a stable temperature within the target temperature control range and to make flexible adjustments according to different stages. For example, suppose the kiln is currently in the heating stage with a fast heating rate and a thin material layer with good air permeability. At this time, the heating rate can be accelerated by increasing the air volume of the primary air fan, while the air pressure and fan frequency can be adjusted appropriately to ensure that the kiln's heating rate meets the requirements without being too fast and causing temperature runaway.

[0141] Example 2, please refer to Figure 2 This invention provides a technical solution: a high-temperature control system for biomass charcoal making, which is applicable to the aforementioned high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal making, comprising:

[0142] Data acquisition unit 1 is used to acquire the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics of the target carbonization kiln during the charcoal firing process.

[0143] The firing detection unit 2 is used to identify the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln based on kiln environmental parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics.

[0144] Kiln display unit 3 is used to visualize the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the firing stage of the target charcoal.

[0145] Temperature determination unit 4 is used to receive process adjustment preference information of the target operator for key monitoring indicators. The process adjustment preference information is used to indicate the preferred control temperature range, and the target temperature control range of the target charcoal is determined based on the process adjustment preference information and key monitoring indicators.

[0146] The high-temperature control unit 5 is used to control the heating device inside the kiln according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal.

[0147] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production, characterized in that, include: Acquire the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics during the charcoal firing process in the target carbonization kiln; Based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics, identify the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the corresponding firing stage of the target charcoal. The location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators within the kiln during the corresponding firing stage of the target charcoal is visualized. Receive process adjustment preference information from the target operator for key monitoring indicators. The process adjustment preference information is used to indicate the preferred control temperature range. Based on the process adjustment preference information and key monitoring indicators, determine the target temperature control range for the target charcoal. The heating device inside the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal.

2. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics, the key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators within the kiln corresponding to the firing stage of the target charcoal are identified, including: If the temperature-exceeding area is extracted from the kiln environment parameters, then, in combination with the volatile content in the raw material characteristics, the multiple gas concentration detection data corresponding to the temperature-exceeding area in the gas composition detection data as a function of time are determined. If there are discrepancies among multiple gas concentration detection data and they exceed the preset concentration threshold, the area with excessive temperature will be identified as the location of the abnormal indicator in the kiln corresponding to the firing stage of the target charcoal, and the temperature value and gas concentration value of the area with excessive temperature will be jointly identified as the key monitoring indicator.

3. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the target temperature control range for the target type of charcoal, the heating device inside the kiln is controlled, including: Based on the process adjustment preference information, the target temperature control range is divided into a core area and an edge area. The core area matches the preferred control temperature range indicated by the process adjustment preference information, while the edge area is the region in the target temperature control range other than the core area. If the current heating area of ​​the kiln heating device belongs to the core area, the kiln heating device will be controlled to supply heat according to the set fuel quantity. If the current heating area of ​​the kiln heating device is in the edge zone, then the temperature suppression control of the kiln heating device is carried out on the basis of the corresponding heating control in the core zone.

4. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 3, characterized in that, Temperature suppression control is applied to the kiln heating device based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, including at least one of the following: Reduce the fuel supply to the kiln heating device based on the corresponding heating control in the core area; Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, the air intake in the kiln is adjusted by controlling the speed of the induced draft fan in the kiln. The adjusted air intake in the kiln reduces the combustion intensity in the edge area compared to the air intake in the kiln before adjustment. Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, reduce the fuel supply to the kiln heating device, including at least one of the following: Reduce the operating speed of the fuel conveyor belt based on the corresponding heating control in the core area; Based on the corresponding heating control in the core area, some of the kiln heating nozzles are shut off.

5. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 4, characterized in that, After controlling the heating device inside the kiln according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal, the method further includes: The target carbonization rate of the machine-made charcoal is determined based on the characteristics of the raw materials and the parameters of the kiln environment. Obtain the actual carbonization rate of the machine-made charcoal and determine the first rate difference between the target carbonization rate and the actual carbonization rate; The combustion conditions of the kiln are determined based on the first rate difference and the pressure gradient inside the kiln. If the combustion condition information indicates a stable condition, then the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range. If the combustion condition information indicates the first warning condition, then the air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range, and the material turning control of the kiln is controlled according to the first rate difference. If the combustion condition information indicates a second warning condition, then the kiln exhaust control is implemented based on the kiln pressure gradient and the target carbonization rate.

6. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the first rate difference and the pressure gradient inside the kiln, the combustion condition information of the kiln is determined, including: If the detected first rate difference meets the preset rate threshold condition, then the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the first warning condition. If the first rate difference is not detected to meet the rate threshold condition, then it is determined whether the pressure gradient inside the kiln is greater than the pressure gradient threshold. If the pressure gradient inside the kiln is detected to be greater than the pressure gradient threshold, the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the second warning condition; otherwise, the combustion condition information of the kiln is confirmed to represent the stable condition.

7. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 6, characterized in that, The kiln exhaust gas is controlled based on the kiln pressure gradient and the target carbonization rate, including: Based on the pressure gradient inside the kiln and the volatile matter content in the raw materials, the actual carbonization rate is corrected to obtain the corrected carbonization rate. The exhaust gas of the kiln is controlled based on the second rate difference between the target carbonization rate and the corrected carbonization rate.

8. The high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 7, characterized in that, Controlling the exhaust emissions from the kiln includes: The temperature stage of the kiln is determined based on the first rate difference or the second rate difference; If the temperature stage matches the preset low temperature stage, the smoke exhaust is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the opening of the feed inlet. If the temperature stage matches the preset medium temperature stage, the exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top through the control of the feed inlet opening. If the temperature stage matches the preset high temperature stage, the exhaust gas is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan and controlling the emergency spray through the explosion-proof valve on the kiln top. The temperature value corresponding to the low temperature stage is lower than the temperature value corresponding to the medium temperature stage, and the temperature value corresponding to the medium temperature stage is lower than the temperature value corresponding to the high temperature stage.

9. A high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal production according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air supply to the kiln is controlled according to the target temperature control range, including: If the target temperature control range is detected to meet the preset heating rate condition, the air volume adjustment information of the primary air fan for the kiln is obtained based on the target temperature control range and the current load information of the kiln. Based on the insulation section information in the target temperature control range, the air pressure adjustment information for the primary air fan is obtained; Based on the current load information of the target temperature control range, as well as the material layer thickness and permeability information of the kiln, the frequency conversion control information of the primary air fan is obtained. Based on air volume regulation information, air pressure regulation information, and frequency conversion control information, the primary air fan is controlled to make adjustments.

10. A high-temperature control system for biomass charcoal, applicable to the high-temperature control method for biomass charcoal as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data, and raw material characteristics during the charcoal firing process in the target carbonization kiln. The firing detection unit is used to identify the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln based on the kiln environment parameters, gas composition detection data and raw material characteristics. The kiln display unit is used to visually display the location of key monitoring indicators and abnormal indicators in the kiln during the firing stage of the target charcoal. The temperature determination unit is used to receive process adjustment preference information of the target operator for key monitoring indicators. The process adjustment preference information is used to indicate the preferred control temperature range, and the target temperature control range of the target charcoal is determined according to the process adjustment preference information and the key monitoring indicators. The high-temperature control unit is used to control the heating device inside the kiln according to the target temperature control range of the target charcoal.

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