Calibration method of electric spark burning ball parameters in wire bonding machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine, including a single-machine calibration method. The single-machine calibration method includes the following steps: forming a free air ball at the end of the bonding wire based on the current ball parameters; obtaining the actual diameter of the free air ball; calculating the absolute value of the deviation between the actual diameter and the target diameter; executing a coarse adjustment mode when the absolute value of the deviation between the actual diameter and the target diameter is greater than an adjustment threshold, and executing a fine adjustment mode when the absolute value of the deviation between the actual diameter and the preset target diameter is less than the adjustment threshold; calculating and updating the ball parameters through the coarse adjustment mode or the fine adjustment mode, and replacing the current ball parameters with the updated ball parameters; repeatedly cyclically forming the free air ball, obtaining the actual diameter, and calculating and updating the ball parameters until the actual diameter meets the calibration completion conditions, and determining the current ball parameters as the calibration result parameters corresponding to the target diameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wire bonding machines, and more particularly to a method for calibrating the parameters of the electrical discharge ball in a wire bonding machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the wire bonding process, the metal wire tail is melted to form a free air ball by electric spark sintering. Since the diameter of the free air ball directly affects the size of the solder joint, in actual production, the diameter of the free air ball needs to be controlled within the target range by precisely adjusting the sintering parameters. Furthermore, when multiple machines are producing the same model of product at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the diameter of the free air ball on each machine is consistent.

[0003] However, in related technologies, the adjustment of wire bonding parameters is highly dependent on manual intervention. Each time the wire bonding program is changed, operators need to repeatedly fine-tune the parameters, resulting in long production interruption time and low work efficiency. In addition, different machines have individual differences in hardware status and usage conditions. The same set of wire bonding parameters often produces different wire bonding effects on different machines, and the universality of wire bonding parameters is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a method for calibrating the parameters of the spark-soldered balls in a wire bonding machine, thereby improving the calibration efficiency of the spark-soldered ball parameters.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: a calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine, including a single-machine calibration method, wherein the single-machine calibration method includes the steps of: based on the current ball parameter E cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire; the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is obtained. a ; Calculate the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation, when the actual diameter D a With the preset target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the adjustment threshold, the coarse adjustment mode is executed. a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the adjustment threshold, the fine-tuning mode is executed, and the burn-in ball parameter E is calculated and updated through either the coarse-tuning mode or the fine-tuning mode. new The burn-in parameters E will be updated. new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur Multiple cycles are used to form a free air sphere and obtain the actual diameter D. a And calculate and update the burning ball parameter E new The steps continue until the actual diameter D is reached. a The calibration completion conditions are met, and the current burn-in ball parameter E is set. curThe target diameter D is determined. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out .

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in the wire bonding machine further includes an inter-device calibration method, which includes the step of: finding a first boundary value D of a preset target diameter range. r1 Using the single-machine calibration method, the first boundary value D is obtained. r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 ; with the first boundary value D r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 Starting from the point, generate at least one point of the ball-burning parameter E with equal step intervals. i Based on the ball-burning parameters E at each point i A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire, and the sphere burning parameters E at each sub-point are obtained. i The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i until the actual diameter D of the free air sphere a i The second boundary value D beyond the target diameter range r2 Based on multiple sets of corresponding point-burning ball parameters E i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i By fitting the data, a mapping relationship F is established between the sintered sphere parameters E and the free air sphere diameter D.

[0007] As a preferred option, when considering multiple sets of corresponding point-burning ball parameters E i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i When performing fitting, multiple sets of data are arranged according to E. i The numerical arrangement is used to calculate the values ​​of adjacent data points (E). i D a i ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i Based on slope k i Exclude outlier data points; fit the valid data points obtained after excluding outlier data points to establish the mapping relationship F.

[0008] As a preferred option, multiple sets of data are arranged according to E i The values ​​are sorted in ascending order, when (E i D a i ) and (E i+1 D ai+1 The slope k i For non-positive times, calculate (E) separately. i-1 D a i-1 ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i- , and (E i D a i ) and (E i+2 D a i+2 The slope k i+ When the slope k i- and slope k i+ When all values ​​are positive, retain the data point group with the larger slope; when the slope k i- and slope k i+ When all values ​​are negative, re-acquire the point-burning ball parameter E. i E i+1 and E i+2 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i D a i+1 and D a i+2 When the slope k i- and slope k i+ When the slope is both positive and negative, retain the data point group with the positive slope.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in the wire bonding machine further includes a wire bonding program multiplexing method, wherein the wire bonding program multiplexing method includes, when the machine acquires the target diameter D r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out Subsequently, when saving the wire bonding program, the calibration result parameter E is obtained based on the current machine's mapping relationship F. out The corresponding target free air ball diameter D0 is obtained, and the target free air ball diameter D0 is bound and saved with the wire bonding program. When the machine has a mapping relationship F, when loading the wire bonding program, based on the current machine's mapping relationship F and combined with the target free air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program, the target burning ball parameter E0 corresponding to the target free air ball diameter D0 is obtained.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the wire bonding program reuse method further includes, when saving the wire bonding program, when the calibration result parameter E... out If there is a corresponding point in the current machine's mapping relationship F, then read the free-air sphere diameter D of the corresponding point as the target free-air sphere diameter D0; when the calibration result parameter E outWhen there is no corresponding point within the range of the current machine's mapping relationship F, take the calibration result parameter E. out Linear interpolation of two adjacent consecutive data points is used for conversion to calculate the calibration result parameter E. out The corresponding target free-air ball diameter D0; when loading the wire bonding program, if the target free-air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program has a corresponding point in the mapping relationship F of the current machine, then the burning ball parameter E of the corresponding point is read as the target burning ball parameter E0; when the target free-air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program is within the interval of the mapping relationship F of the current machine but has no corresponding point, the linear interpolation of the two adjacent data points of the target free-air ball diameter D0 is taken for conversion to calculate the target burning ball parameter E0 corresponding to the target free-air ball diameter D0.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the single-machine calibration method further includes under-adjustment count statistics and over-adjustment count statistics, and in the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode, calculating and obtaining the updated burn-in ball parameter E based on the adjustment step formula. new Adjustment step size = [f(under-adjustment count) / f(over-adjustment count)] * base step size, where f(under-adjustment count) is an under-adjustment function including the under-adjustment count, and f(over-adjustment count) is an over-adjustment function including the over-adjustment count. By adjusting the value of at least one of the under-adjustment count and the over-adjustment count, the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode can be switched; Update ball parameters = current ball parameters - deviation sign * adjustment step size; where, when the actual diameter D a Larger than the target diameter D r When the deviation sign is positive, the actual diameter D a Smaller than the target diameter D r When the deviation sign is negative.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the single-machine calibration method further includes, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the preset end threshold, the fine-tuning mode is stopped, based on the current burn-in ball parameter E. cur Obtain the actual diameter D of n free-space spheres. a n Where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the calibration completion conditions include the actual diameter D of the n free-air spheres. a n The range is less than a preset first threshold, and the actual diameter D of the n free air spheres is... a n The average value D mean With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation is less than the preset second threshold.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the calibration completion condition also includes the actual diameter D of the n free-air spheres. a n With the target diameter D r The absolute values ​​of the deviations are all less than the fine-tuning threshold; if the actual diameter D of at least one free-air sphere is... a n With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation is greater than or equal to the preset fine-tuning threshold, or the actual diameter D of n free-air spheres. a n The average value D mean With the target diameter D r If the absolute value of the deviation is greater than or equal to the second threshold, then fine-tuning mode is executed; the fine-tuning mode includes adjusting the value of at least one of the undershoot count and overshoot count, and recalculating the updated burn-in parameter E based on the adjustment step formula. new The burn-in parameters E will be updated. new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur Multiple cycles are used to form a free air sphere and obtain the actual diameter D. a And calculate and update the burning ball parameter E new The steps continue until the actual diameter D is reached. a The calibration completion conditions are met, and the current burn-in ball parameter E is set. cur The target diameter D is determined. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out .

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the single-machine calibration method further includes a ball burning status judgment, which includes a first abnormal ball count; the initial value of the first abnormal ball count is 0, and when the actual diameter D of the n free air balls... a n When the range is greater than the first threshold, the number of first abnormal balls increases by 1; the number of first abnormal balls is compared with the preset first abnormal threshold. If the number of first abnormal balls is greater than the first abnormal threshold, it is determined that the ball burning is abnormal, and the execution of the single-machine calibration method is suspended; if the number of first abnormal balls is less than or equal to the first abnormal threshold, it is determined that the ball burning is normal, and the execution based on the current ball burning parameter E continues. cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire; and / or the determination of the scorched sphere state includes a first test count, the initial value of which is 0, and the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is measured each time. a Increment the first test count by 1; compare the first test count with a preset first test threshold. If the first test count is greater than or equal to the first test threshold, the burn-in is determined to be abnormal, and the single-machine calibration method is paused; if the first test count is less than the first test threshold, the burn-in is determined to be normal, and the calibration based on the current burn-in parameter E continues. curA free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The actual diameter D of the free-air sphere can be determined using a single-machine calibration method. a As a feedback quantity, the current burning ball parameter E cur Perform closed-loop iterative adjustment to adjust the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a Calibrate until the calibration completion conditions are met to obtain the target diameter D. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out This setup helps improve the stability and consistency of subsequent bonding operations, reduces the need for manual intervention during single-machine calibration, thereby minimizing production downtime and improving overall operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is the first part of a flowchart of a single-machine calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is the second part of a flowchart of a single-machine calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the third part of a flowchart of a single-machine calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 4 This is the fourth part of a flowchart of a single-machine calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 5 This is the fifth part of a flowchart of a single-machine calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 6 This is the first part of a flowchart of an inter-device calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is the second part of a flowchart of an inter-device calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 8 This is the third part of a flowchart of an inter-device calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 9 This is the fourth part of a flowchart of an inter-device calibration method according to some embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 10This is a flowchart of a wire bonding program saving method according to some embodiments of the present application for wire bonding program reuse.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of loading a wire bonding program according to some embodiments of the present application of the wire bonding program reuse method.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of a wire bonding procedure reuse method according to some embodiments of this application when enabling wire bonding procedure reuse.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a flowchart illustrating the modification of the target free air sphere diameter after enabling wire bonding program reuse according to some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0031] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0032] A calibration method for the parameters of the spark-sintered balls in a wire bonding machine, including a single-machine calibration method, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, the single-machine calibration method includes the following steps: based on the current burn-in ball parameter E cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire; the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is obtained. a ; Calculate the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the adjustment threshold, the coarse adjustment mode is executed. a With the preset target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the adjustment threshold, the fine-tuning mode is executed, and the burn-in ball parameter E is calculated and updated through either the coarse-tuning mode or the fine-tuning mode. new The burn-in parameters E will be updated.new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur Multiple cycles are used to form a free air sphere and obtain the actual diameter D. a And calculate and update the burning ball parameter E new The steps continue until the actual diameter D is reached. a The calibration completion conditions are met, and the current burn-in ball parameter E is set. cur The target diameter D is determined. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out Among them, the current burning ball parameter E in the first case. cur It can be input by the operator based on experience.

[0033] It should be understood that the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere can be determined through a single-machine calibration method. a As a feedback quantity, the current burning ball parameter E cur Perform closed-loop iterative adjustment to adjust the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a Calibrate until the calibration completion conditions are met to obtain the target diameter D. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out This setup helps improve the stability and consistency of subsequent bonding operations, reduces the need for manual intervention during single-machine calibration, thereby reducing production downtime and improving the overall efficiency of wire bonding.

[0034] It is worth mentioning that by comparing the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation, combined with the coarse and fine adjustment modes, allows for a balance between calibration efficiency and accuracy in single-machine calibration. In other words, it helps to ensure the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a Rapidly approaching the target diameter D r Based on this, maintain the target diameter D r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out The accuracy.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the single-machine calibration method also includes under-adjustment count statistics and over-adjustment count statistics, as well as calculating and obtaining the updated burn-in ball parameter E based on the adjustment step formula in coarse adjustment mode and fine adjustment mode. newAdjustment step size = [f(under-adjustment count) / f(over-adjustment count)] * base step size, where f(under-adjustment count) is the under-adjustment function including the under-adjustment count, and f(over-adjustment count) is the over-adjustment function including the over-adjustment count. By adjusting the value of at least one of the under-adjustment count and over-adjustment count, the coarse adjustment mode and fine adjustment mode can be switched; Update ball parameters = current ball parameters - deviation sign * adjustment step size; where, when the actual diameter D a Larger than the target diameter D r When the deviation sign is positive, that is, the value substituted into the adjustment step formula is 1, and when the actual diameter D a Smaller than the target diameter D r When the deviation sign is negative, the value of the deviation sign substituted into the step adjustment formula is -1.

[0036] It is understandable that dynamically adjusting the step size by the ratio of the undershoot function to the overshoot function helps to automatically increase the adjustment step size during continuous undershooting in order to accelerate the updating of the burn-in parameter E. new The convergence speed is adjusted by automatically reducing the adjustment step size during continuous overshoot to decrease the update burn-in parameter E. new The oscillations can improve the calibration efficiency of single-machine calibration and make the calibration process more stable and controllable.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that by adjusting the value of at least one of the undershoot count and overshoot count, the coarse adjustment mode and fine adjustment mode can be switched, while the overall adjustment step formula and the formula for updating the burn-in parameters remain consistent. This helps to simplify the calibration process of single-machine calibration, making the single-machine calibration method suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements and limited computing resources. In other words, it makes the machine calibration method more suitable for machine calibration.

[0038] In at least one embodiment, the reference step size is any value between 30 μs and 80 μs, preferably 50 μs.

[0039] It is worth mentioning that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the reference step distance according to the actual situation, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the burning current is kept constant, and the target parameter to be adjusted is the duration of the burning current; therefore, the unit of the reference step distance is μs. Those skilled in the art can, according to the actual situation, keep the burning time constant and change the target parameter to the magnitude of the burning current; in this case, the unit of the reference step distance can be mA, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D rWhen the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the adjustment threshold, the coarse adjustment mode is executed. The coarse adjustment mode includes determining the actual diameter D. a With the target diameter D r Is the difference greater than 0? If the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r If the difference is greater than 0, the deviation sign is positive, so that the calculated updated burn-ball parameter E is correct. new Less than the current ball-burning parameter E cur In other words, it can reduce the ignition time of the next burning ball, thereby increasing the actual diameter D of the next free air ball formed. a Decrease. If the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r If the difference is less than 0, the deviation sign is negative, so that the calculated updated burnt ball parameter E is correct. new Greater than the current ball-burning parameter E cur In other words, it can increase the ignition time of the next burning ball, thereby increasing the actual diameter D of the next free air ball formed. a Increase.

[0041] Furthermore, the single-machine calibration method also includes the first test count statistics. Specifically, the initial values ​​for the first test count, undershoot count statistics, and overshoot count statistics are all 0. Each measurement is of the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a Increase the number of tests in the first test by 1. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the coarse adjustment mode also includes determining the actual diameter D. a With the target diameter D r After determining whether the difference is greater than 0 and obtaining the corresponding deviation sign, it checks whether the first test count is greater than or equal to 2; in other words, it checks whether this is the first execution of the coarse adjustment mode. If the first test count is less than 2, the updated burn-in parameter E is directly calculated. new If the first test count is greater than or equal to 2, then determine whether the ratio of the current deviation sign to the previous deviation sign is 1; in other words, determine whether the current deviation sign and the previous deviation sign are of opposite or the same sign. If the ratio of the current deviation sign to the previous deviation sign is 1, that is, the current deviation sign and the previous deviation sign are of the same sign, it indicates that the previous adjustment was insufficient and the system is under-adjusted. Further check whether the overshoot count is 0. If the overshoot count is 0, then increase the undershoot count by 1 and recalculate and update the burn-in parameter E. new If the overshoot count is not 0, then the overshoot count is cleared to zero and the burn-in parameter E is recalculated and updated. new If the ratio of the current deviation sign to the previous deviation sign is not 1, for example, it is -1, meaning the current deviation sign is the opposite of the previous deviation sign. This indicates that the previous adjustment was too large, resulting in an overshoot. In this case, the undershoot count is reset to zero, the overshoot count is incremented by 1, and the burn-in parameter E is recalculated and updated.new .

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the coarse adjustment mode also includes determining and updating the burn-in parameter E. new Is it greater than or equal to the lower limit of the ignition time of the machine? If so, update the burning ball parameter E. new If the ignition time is greater than or equal to the lower limit, the burning ball parameter E will be updated. new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur And reform a free air sphere; if the burning sphere parameter E is updated new If the current burning ball parameter E is less than the lower limit of the ignition time, then the lower limit of the ignition time will replace the current burning ball parameter E. cur And reform a free-air ball. It should be understood that this setup helps prevent the ball from burning out due to the machine's inability to meet the updated ball-burning parameters E. new This leads to a single-machine calibration interruption. It is worth noting that in some other embodiments, when updating the burn-in ball parameter E... new An alarm can be triggered and calibration can be exited if the ignition time is less than the lower limit.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the adjustment threshold, fine-tuning mode is executed. The difference between fine-tuning mode and coarse-tuning mode is that, when judging the actual diameter D... a With the target diameter D r Before checking if the difference is greater than 0, the under-adjustment count is first cleared to zero. In other words, in coarse adjustment mode, the under-adjustment count can accumulate; while in fine adjustment mode, the maximum value of the under-adjustment count substituted into the under-adjustment function is 1. Specifically, when executing fine adjustment mode, the under-adjustment count is cleared to zero first, and then the actual diameter D is checked. a With the target diameter D r Whether the difference is greater than 0, the subsequent execution steps are the same as in the coarse adjustment mode, and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] In at least one embodiment, the adjustment threshold is any value between 1 μm and 5 μm, preferably 3 μm. Furthermore, f(undercorrection count) = undercorrection count + 1, which helps avoid an adjustment step size of 0; f(overcorrection count) = 2^overcorrection count, which helps avoid the denominator of [f(undercorrection count) / f(overcorrection count)] being 0. It is worth mentioning that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the adjustment threshold, as well as the specific formulas for f(undercorrection count) and f(overcorrection count), according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the single-machine calibration method also includes, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the preset end threshold, the fine-tuning mode is stopped, based on the current burn-in ball parameter E. cur Obtain the actual diameter D of n free-space spheres. a n Where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the calibration completion conditions include the actual diameter D of the n free-air spheres. a n The range is less than the first threshold, and the actual diameter D of the n free air spheres is... a n The average value D mean With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation is less than the preset second threshold. The end threshold is less than the adjustment threshold.

[0046] It should be understood that this setup filters out the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a Random fluctuations in the actual diameter D are beneficial in avoiding the influence of a single, accidental occurrence. a By prematurely terminating single-machine calibration when certain conditions are met, the final calibration result parameter E can be improved. out This ensures reliability and facilitates repeatability of subsequent wire bonding. Furthermore, by considering the actual diameter D of n free-air spheres... a n The range and mean D mean Dual verification helps to further improve the calibration result parameter E. out The accuracy.

[0047] In at least one embodiment, the termination threshold is any value between 1 μm and 5 μm, preferably 2 μm. Furthermore, n is any integer between 2 and 10, preferably 3, which helps to balance calibration efficiency and the quasi-result parameter E. out The accuracy of the threshold is further specified. Specifically, the first threshold is set to any value between 1 μm and 5 μm, and the second threshold is set to any value between 0.5 μm and 2 μm. Preferably, the first threshold is set to 3 μm, and the second threshold is set to 1 μm. It is worth noting that those skilled in the art can adjust the values ​​of the end threshold, the first threshold, and the second threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the calibration completion conditions also include the actual diameter D of the n free-air spheres. a n With the target diameter Dr The absolute values ​​of the deviations are all less than the fine-tuning threshold; if the actual diameter D of at least one free-air sphere is... a n With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation is greater than or equal to the fine-tuning threshold, or the actual diameter D of n free-air spheres. a n The average value D mean With the target diameter D r If the absolute value of the deviation is greater than or equal to the second threshold, then fine-tuning mode is executed. Fine-tuning mode includes adjusting the value of at least one of the undershoot count and overshoot count, and recalculating the updated burn-in parameter E based on the adjustment step formula. new The burn-in parameters E will be updated. new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur Multiple cycles are used to form a free air sphere and obtain the actual diameter D. a And calculate and update the burning ball parameter E new The steps continue until the actual diameter D is reached. a The calibration completion conditions are met, and the current burn-in ball parameter E is set. cur The target diameter D is determined. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out .

[0049] It should be understandable that this setting helps ensure that the current burn-in parameter E is maintained. cur E, as a calibration result parameter out At that time, the actual diameter D of the free air sphere formed a It exhibits high stability and repeatability, thereby improving the reliability of wire bonding processes and enhancing product quality and yield.

[0050] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the fine-tuning mode includes resetting the undershoot count to zero and incrementing the overshoot count by 1; determining the actual diameter D. a With the target diameter D r Is the difference greater than 0? Specifically, if the actual diameter D... a With the target diameter D r If the difference is greater than 0, the deviation sign is positive, so that the calculated updated burn-ball parameter E is correct. new Less than the current ball-burning parameter E cur In other words, it can reduce the ignition time of the next burning ball, thereby increasing the actual diameter D of the next free air ball formed. a Decrease. If the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r If the difference is less than 0, the deviation sign is negative, so that the calculated updated burnt ball parameter E is correct. new Greater than the current ball-burning parameter Ecur In other words, it can increase the ignition time of the next burning ball, thereby increasing the actual diameter D of the next free air ball formed. a Increase it. Then, calculate and update the sintered ball parameter E. new .

[0051] In at least one embodiment, the fine-tuning threshold is equal to the end threshold. It should be understood that if the fine-tuning threshold is greater than the end threshold, the calibration accuracy of single-machine calibration may be reduced; if the fine-tuning threshold is less than the end threshold, it may lead to frequent execution of the fine-tuning mode, reducing the calibration efficiency of single-machine calibration. In this embodiment, the fine-tuning threshold is equal to the end threshold, thus balancing the calibration efficiency and calibration accuracy of single-machine calibration.

[0052] In at least one embodiment, the fine-tuning threshold is any value between 1 μm and 5 μm, preferably 2 μm. It is worth noting that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the fine-tuning threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0053] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the single-machine calibration method also includes calculating the measured diameter D of the free-air sphere. final Specifically, the diameter measurement value D final Equal to the target diameter D r The actual diameter D of n free air spheres a n The average value D mean The sum. It should be understood that this is achieved by calculating and providing a measurement of the diameter D of the free-air sphere. final This facilitates operators in judging parameter E based on the current calibration results. out Whether the formed free-air sphere meets production standards is further verified through manual judgment to ensure the calibration result parameter E. out Reliability.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The single-machine calibration method also includes ball burning status judgment, which includes the counting of the first abnormal ball; the initial value of the first abnormal ball count is 0, when the actual diameter D of n free air balls... a n When the range is greater than the first threshold, the number of the first abnormal ball increases by 1; the number of the first abnormal ball is compared with the preset first abnormal threshold. If the number of the first abnormal ball is greater than the first abnormal threshold, it is determined that the ball burning is abnormal, and the single-machine calibration method is paused; if the number of the first abnormal ball is less than or equal to the first abnormal threshold, it is determined that the ball burning is normal, and the calibration based on the current ball burning parameter E continues. curA free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonded wire; and / or the determination of the scorched state includes the statistics of the first test count, the initial value of the first test count is 0, and the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is measured each time. a Increment the first test count by 1; compare the first test count with the preset first test threshold. If the first test count is greater than or equal to the first test threshold, the burn-in is determined to be abnormal, and the single-machine calibration method is paused; if the first test count is less than the first test threshold, the burn-in is determined to be normal, and the calibration based on the current burn-in parameter E continues. cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire.

[0055] It is understandable that this setting helps to prevent the machine from falling into a vicious cycle when performing single-machine calibration. When there are many abnormal ball burning times or a large number of tests, the operator can be prompted so that the machine can be checked as soon as possible or the calibration parameters such as wire, wire diameter, and arcing current can be adjusted, thereby improving the calibration efficiency of single-machine calibration and reducing wire waste.

[0056] It is worth mentioning that when the burn-in status judgment includes comparing the first abnormal ball count with the first abnormal threshold, and comparing the first test count with the first test threshold, the first abnormal ball count must be less than or equal to the first abnormal threshold, and the first test count must be less than the first test threshold simultaneously for the burn-in to be considered normal. Otherwise, the burn-in is considered abnormal, and the single-machine calibration method is stopped.

[0057] In at least one embodiment, the first anomaly threshold is any integer from 2 to 15, preferably 8. It is worth noting that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the first anomaly threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0058] In at least one embodiment, the first test threshold is any integer from 20 to 80, preferably 50. It is worth noting that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the first test threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0059] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the single-machine calibration method also includes pausing the execution of the single-machine calibration method, displaying an error alarm, and allowing the operator to choose "retry" or "exit". If the operator chooses "exit", the single-machine calibration will be exited. If the operator chooses "retry", the first abnormal ball count and the first test count will both be cleared to zero, and the single-machine calibration method will be re-executed, that is, the "based on the current burn-in ball parameter E" will be executed again. cur "Form a free air ball at the end of the bonding wire", and subsequent steps.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the determination of the burning state also includes, if n free air spheres appear in a single instance, the actual diameter D a n If the range is greater than the first threshold, then the n actual diameters D are discarded. a n The actual diameter D differs most from the average value a n To re-obtain the actual diameter D of a free-air sphere a n Calculate again. If the actual diameter D of n free-air spheres appears twice consecutively... a n If the range is greater than the first threshold, then all measured actual diameters D are discarded. a n Reacquire the actual diameter D of n free air spheres. a n Calculate again.

[0061] It should be understandable that with this setting, when n free-air spheres appear in a single instance, the actual diameter D... a n When the range is greater than the first threshold, only the actual diameter D of a free-air sphere is reacquired. a n Further calculations help improve the calibration efficiency of single-machine calibration. When n consecutive free-air spheres have an actual diameter D... a n When the range is greater than the first threshold, all measured actual diameters D are discarded. a n And re-obtain the actual diameter D of n free air spheres. a n This helps prevent obtaining calibration result parameter E when the ball-burning process is unstable. out This improves the final calibration result parameter E. out This ensures reliability and facilitates repeatability in subsequent wire bonding.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the single-unit calibration method also includes pre-calibration checks, which include checking the firmware version of each hardware component; inputting the "wire material, wire diameter, ignition current, and target diameter D". r "Parameters such as: check if the wire bonding conditions are sufficient for calibration; check the software and hardware working status; initialize the first test count, under-adjustment count statistics, over-adjustment count statistics, first abnormal ball count, first test count, etc. After completing the pre-calibration checks, based on the current ball burning parameter E..." curA free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonded wire. It should be understood that performing pre-calibration checks helps ensure the smooth execution of subsequent calibration procedures. In at least one embodiment, if any item in the pre-calibration check fails, an error alarm is displayed, and the operator is given the option to "retry" or "exit." If the operator selects "exit," the single-machine calibration is exited. If the operator selects "retry," the pre-calibration check is re-executed.

[0063] In some embodiments, the single-machine calibration method further includes controlling the bonding head to descend and recording the first position when the front end of the ball-burning line contacts the sheet; based on the current ball-burning parameter E cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonded wire. The bonding head is controlled to descend, and the second position of the free air sphere when it contacts the sheet is recorded. The difference between the first and second positions is calculated to obtain the change in wire tail length. Based on the principle that the volume of the wire tail consumed before and after sintering is equal to the volume of the free air sphere, combined with the wire diameter parameter and the change in wire tail length, the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is calculated. a .

[0064] This is understandable, as it helps avoid the need for additional vision or laser modules, thereby reducing the hardware costs and software complexity required for a single-machine calibration method. Furthermore, the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere is obtained based on physical volume conversion. a It has high accuracy and reliability.

[0065] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the single-machine calibration method also includes abnormal ball screening. Abnormal ball screening involves calculating the relative height of the free-air ball, which is equal to the difference between the trigger height of the free-air ball and the error probe height. The relative height of the free-air ball is compared with a screening threshold. If the relative height of the free-air ball is greater than the screening threshold, it indicates that the formed free-air ball is a normal ball. Further, based on the principle that the volume of the wire tail consumed before and after ball burning is equal to the volume of the free-air ball, combined with the wire diameter parameters and the change in wire tail length, the actual diameter D of the free-air ball is calculated. a If the relative height of the free air ball is less than or equal to the screening threshold, it indicates that the wire tail is too short or that there are oxidized balls, meaning the formed free air ball is an abnormal ball, triggering an error alarm. It's understandable that screening for abnormal balls helps detect burnt balls early, thereby improving calibration efficiency and reliability. The trigger height of the free air ball refers to the height of the bonding head when a free air ball forms below the bonding cutter and the bonding head moves down until the free air ball contacts the sheet metal. The error detection height refers to the height of the bonding head when there is no wire below the bonding cutter and the lower surface of the bonding cutter contacts the sheet metal.

[0066] In at least one embodiment, the screening threshold is 1 to 2 times the wire diameter parameter, preferably 1.5 times the wire diameter parameter. It is worth noting that those skilled in the art can adjust the formula or value of the screening threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0067] In at least one embodiment, the short-circuit moment when the free-air ball contacts the surface of the sheet is used as the triggering characteristic. Specifically, if a normal trigger occurs and the relative height of the free-air ball is greater than the screening threshold, the formed free-air ball is considered normal; if no trigger occurs, and / or the relative height of the free-air ball is less than or equal to the screening threshold, the formed free-air ball is considered abnormal. It should be understood that this setting makes the screening of abnormal balls more reliable and accurate.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6-9 As shown, the calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine also includes an inter-device calibration method, which includes the following steps: finding the first boundary value D of a preset target diameter range. r1 The first boundary value D was obtained using a single-machine calibration method. r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 ; with the first boundary value D r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 Starting from the point, generate at least one point of the ball-burning parameter E with equal step intervals. i Based on the ball-burning parameters E at each point i A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire, and the sphere burning parameters E at each sub-point are obtained. i The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i until the actual diameter D of the free air sphere a i The second boundary value D beyond the target diameter range r2 Based on multiple sets of corresponding point-burning ball parameters E i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i By fitting the data, a mapping relationship F is established between the sintered sphere parameters E and the free air sphere diameter D.

[0069] Wherein, the first boundary value D r1 Second boundary value D r2 The step size can be directly input manually; or it can be preset with default values ​​that can be modified manually; this application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0070] It is understandable that establishing a mapping relationship F between the burn-in ball parameter E and the free-air ball diameter D through inter-equipment calibration helps different machines obtain the burn-in ball parameter E corresponding to the same free-air ball diameter D more quickly. In other words, when multiple machines need to produce the same free-air ball diameter D, each machine can quickly obtain the required burn-in ball parameter E through its own established mapping relationship F. This setup avoids performing individual machine calibration methods on each machine to obtain the burn-in ball parameter E, thus reducing the workload of calibrating multiple machines simultaneously, thereby reducing production downtime and improving the overall efficiency of wire bonding operations.

[0071] Furthermore, each machine only needs to perform the inter-equipment calibration method once to obtain the mapping relationship F. In subsequent use, the corresponding burning ball parameter E can be directly obtained from the mapping relationship F according to the required free air ball diameter D. In other words, when a machine needs to switch from the current free air ball diameter D to another free air ball diameter D, the corresponding burning ball parameter E can be converted through the mapping relationship F. This reduces the workload of repeatedly calibrating a machine, thereby reducing production downtime and improving the overall efficiency of wire bonding operations.

[0072] Furthermore, the mapping relationship F for each machine is based on the point-to-point burning ball parameter E. i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere as measured. a i By establishing a proper fit, the mapping relationship F can accurately reflect the actual operating conditions of each machine tool, thus avoiding deviations between the theoretical model and actual operating conditions caused by all machines sharing the same mapping relationship F. It is worth mentioning that the inter-equipment calibration method can be re-executed at certain intervals, such as quarterly, semi-annually, or annually, to update the mapping relationship F, making it more closely reflect the current actual operating conditions of the machines.

[0073] In at least one embodiment, the first boundary value D r1 Greater than the second boundary value D r2 And the second boundary value D r2 Greater than the wire diameter. Specifically, firstly, using the first boundary value D... r1 As the target diameter D r Perform a single-machine calibration method to obtain the corresponding calibration result parameter E. out1 Furthermore, the calibration result parameter E out1 Starting from this point, the parameter E of the point-burning ball is generated by decreasing the time by 25μs each time. i And based on the point-burning ball parameter E i A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonded wire, and the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is measured. ai This process continues until the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere is reached. a i Less than the second boundary value D r2 This should be understandable, and the first boundary value D can also be used. r1 Add the floating boundary value Δ1 as the target diameter D r To obtain the corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 ; with the second boundary value D r2 Subtract the floating boundary value Δ2 as the end. For example, with the first boundary value D... r1 Add 2μm as the target diameter D r When the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i Less than the second boundary value D r2 Stop when 2μm is subtracted.

[0074] In at least one other embodiment, the first boundary value D r1 Less than the second boundary value D r2 And the first boundary value D r1 Greater than the wire diameter. Specifically, firstly, using the first boundary value D... r1 As the target diameter D r Perform a single-machine calibration method to obtain the corresponding calibration result parameter E. out1 Furthermore, the calibration result parameter E out1 Starting from this point, the parameter E for generating the sintered balls is increased by 25 μs each time. i And based on the point-burning ball parameter E i A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonded wire, and the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is measured. a i This process continues until the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere is reached. a i Greater than the second boundary value D r2 This should be understandable, and the first boundary value D can also be used. r1 Subtract the floating boundary value Δ1 as the target diameter D r To obtain the corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 ; with the second boundary value D r2 Add the floating boundary value Δ2 as the ending. For example, with the first boundary value D... r1 Subtract 2μm as the target diameter D r When the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i Greater than the second boundary value D r2 Stop when 2μm is added.

[0075] It is worth mentioning that those skilled in the art can adjust the first boundary value D according to the actual application.r1 Second boundary value D r2 Adjustments to the specific values ​​of step distance, floating boundary value Δ1, and floating boundary value Δ2 are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the inter-device calibration method also includes calibration status judgment, which includes second abnormal ball count statistics, consecutive abnormal ball count statistics, second test count statistics, and calibration failure count statistics. First, after obtaining the first boundary value D... r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 Then, the number of second abnormal balls, the number of consecutive abnormal balls, the number of second tests, and the number of calibration failures were all reset to zero. Next, based on the point-by-point burning parameter E... i Obtain the actual diameter D of m free air spheres. a i Each time the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is obtained a i The number of times the second test is increased by 1.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, compare the actual diameters D of m free air spheres. a i The range and the preset third threshold. If the actual diameter D of m free air spheres... a i If the range is less than or equal to the third threshold, then the point-burning ball parameter E will be... i and m actual diameters D a i The average value is recorded as a data point, and the number of the second abnormal spheres and the second number of tests are both reset to zero. If the actual diameter D of m free air spheres appearing in a single instance is... a i If the range is greater than the third threshold, then the m actual diameters D are discarded. a i The actual diameter D differs most from the average value a i To re-obtain the actual diameter D of a free-air sphere a i Recalculate and increase the number of the second abnormal sphere by 1. If the actual diameter D of m free-air spheres appears twice consecutively... a i If the range of the result is greater than the third threshold, then all measured actual diameters D are discarded. a i Reacquire the actual diameter D of m free air spheres. a iRecalculate and increase the number of the second abnormal ball by 1, and increase the count of consecutive abnormal balls by 1.

[0078] It should be understandable that with this setting, when m free air spheres appear in a single instance, the actual diameter D... a i When the range is greater than the third threshold, only the actual diameter D of a free-air sphere is reacquired. a i Further calculations help improve the calibration efficiency between devices. When m consecutive free-space spheres have an actual diameter D... a i When the range is greater than the third threshold, all measured actual diameters D are discarded. a i And re-obtain the actual diameter D of m free air spheres. a i This helps prevent data points from being obtained under unstable ball-burning processes, thereby improving the accuracy of the mapping relationship F. It is worth noting that m can take any integer value from 2 to 10, with a preferred value of 3, which helps to balance calibration efficiency and the accuracy of the mapping relationship F.

[0079] Furthermore, if the range of m measurements exceeds the third threshold, the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere needs to be remeasured. a i First, determine whether the number of the second abnormal ball is less than or equal to a preset second abnormality threshold, whether the number of consecutive abnormal balls is less than a consecutive abnormality threshold, and whether the number of the second test is less than a preset second test threshold. If the number of the second abnormal ball is less than or equal to the second abnormality threshold, the number of consecutive abnormal balls is less than the consecutive abnormality threshold, and the number of the second test is less than the second test threshold, then remeasure the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a i Otherwise, the calibration failure count is incremented by 1, and it is determined whether the calibration failure count is less than or equal to the failure threshold.

[0080] Furthermore, if the number of calibration failures exceeds the failure threshold, the inter-equipment calibration is terminated. If the number of calibration failures is less than or equal to the failure threshold, the operator is given the option to "retry" or "exit". If the operator selects "exit", the inter-equipment calibration is terminated. If the operator selects "retry", the number of the second abnormal balls and the number of tests are both reset to zero, and the inter-equipment calibration method is re-executed, that is, the "based on the current point-based ball burning parameters E" is restarted. i "Form a free air ball at the end of the bonding wire", and subsequent steps.

[0081] It is understandable that this setting helps to prevent the machine from getting stuck in a vicious cycle when performing the calibration method between equipment. When the number of calibration failures is high, it can prompt the operator so that the machine can be tested as soon as possible or the calibration parameters such as wire, wire diameter, and arcing current can be adjusted, thereby improving the calibration efficiency of the calibration between equipment and reducing wire waste.

[0082] In at least one embodiment, the third threshold is any value between 1 μm and 5 μm, the second anomaly threshold is any integer between 3 and 6, the continuous anomaly threshold is any integer between 3 and 5, the second test threshold is any integer between 10 and 50, and the failure threshold is any integer between 3 and 5. Preferably, the third threshold is 3 μm, the second anomaly threshold is 4, the continuous anomaly threshold is 3, the second test threshold is 30, and the failure threshold is 3. It is worth mentioning that those skilled in the art can adjust the values ​​of the third threshold, the second anomaly threshold, the continuous anomaly threshold, the second test threshold, and the failure threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0083] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, in the multiple sets of corresponding point-burning ball parameters E i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i When performing fitting, multiple sets of data are arranged according to E. i The numerical arrangement is used to calculate the values ​​of adjacent data points (E). i D a i ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i Based on slope k i Exclude outlier data points; fit the valid data points obtained after excluding outlier data points to establish a mapping relationship F.

[0084] It should be understandable that, under normal circumstances, the parameter E of the ball burn-in point is... i The duration and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i They are positively correlated; in other words, the point-burning ball parameter E i The longer the duration, the larger the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere. a i The larger the slope, the better. Therefore, by calculating the slope of two adjacent data points sequentially, it helps to automatically detect and remove abnormal data points, ensuring that all retained valid data points satisfy the point-by-point burning parameter E. i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere ai The monotonicity between them improves the accuracy of the mapping relationship F, providing a reliable basis for subsequent operations.

[0085] In at least one embodiment, linear interpolation is used to fit the effective data points to establish a mapping relationship F. This maintains the continuity between data points and helps avoid introducing additional oscillations. Furthermore, linear interpolation is simple to calculate and highly efficient, making it suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements and limited computing resources. In other words, linear interpolation is well-suited for machine tools. It is worth noting that other methods, such as polynomial fitting and spline interpolation, can also be used to fit the effective data points; this application does not impose specific limitations on these methods.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the inter-device calibration method further includes determining whether the total number of data points exceeds a first data volume threshold before excluding abnormal data points. If the total number of data points is greater than or equal to the first data volume threshold, then multiple sets of data are calibrated according to E... i The numerical arrangement is used to calculate the values ​​of adjacent data points (E). i D a i ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i Based on slope k i Exclude outlier data points. If the total number of data points is less than the first data volume threshold, then the data points will be used to generate the point-based burn-in parameter E. i Halve the step size and round it to the nearest integer, then re-acquire multiple sets of corresponding point-based ball-burning parameters E. i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i Then perform the fitting. It should be understood that this setup helps ensure a sufficient number of data points participate in fitting the mapping relationship F, thereby improving the accuracy of the mapping relationship F.

[0087] In at least one embodiment, the first data volume threshold is any integer from 3 to 10. Preferably, the first data volume threshold is 5. It is worth mentioning that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the first data volume threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9As shown, the inter-device calibration method further includes, after excluding abnormal data points, determining whether the number of valid data points is greater than a second data volume threshold. If the number of valid data points is greater than or equal to the second data volume threshold, the valid data points are fitted to establish a mapping relationship F. If the number of valid data points is less than the second data volume threshold, an alarm is triggered, and the inter-device calibration is terminated. It should be understood that this setting helps ensure that a sufficient number of valid data points participate in fitting the mapping relationship F, thereby improving the accuracy of the mapping relationship F.

[0089] In at least one embodiment, the value of the second data volume threshold is any integer from 2 to 5. Preferably, the value of the second data volume threshold is 2. It is worth mentioning that those skilled in the art can adjust the value of the second data volume threshold according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0090] In at least one embodiment, the alarm message is "Insufficient valid data points; retry after checking the stability of the burning ball or reducing the ignition current." It is worth noting that those skilled in the art can adjust the alarm message according to actual circumstances, and such adjustments all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the inter-equipment calibration method also includes recording calibration conditions and saving all valid data points. Specifically, after excluding abnormal data points and obtaining valid data points, the current wire type, wire diameter, arcing current, and actual diameter D in the valid data points are recorded. a i The maximum value and the corresponding point-burning ball parameter E i And the actual diameter D in the valid data points a i The minimum value and the corresponding point-burning ball parameter E i It is understandable that recording calibration conditions and saving all valid data points facilitates future review and helps provide a reference for bonding processes of similar wires.

[0092] In at least one embodiment, the inter-device calibration method further includes displaying "calibration complete" and ending the inter-device calibration after recording calibration conditions and saving all valid data points.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, multiple sets of data are arranged according to E i The values ​​are sorted in ascending order, when (E i D a i ) and (E i +1 D a i+1 The slope k iFor non-positive times, calculate (E) separately. i-1 D a i-1 ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i- , and (E i D a i ) and (E i +2 D a i+2 The slope k i+ When the slope k i- and slope k i+ When all values ​​are positive, retain the data point group with the larger slope; when the slope k i- and slope k i+ When all values ​​are negative, re-acquire the point-burning ball parameter E. i E i+1 and E i+2 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i D a i+1 and D a i+2 When the slope k i- and slope k i+ When the slope is both positive and negative, retain the data point group with the positive slope.

[0094] Specifically, when the slope k i- and slope k i+ All are positive, and the slope k i- Greater than the slope k i+ This indicates that the issue might be due to the point-spinning ball parameter E. i The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i The slope k is abnormally large. i If it is not positive, then a larger slope k is retained. i- The corresponding data point group, i.e. (E) i-1 D a i-1 ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 This allows outlier data points to be excluded (E). i D a i ).

[0095] When the slope k i- and slope k i+ All are positive, and the slope k i- Less than the slope ki+ This indicates that the issue might be due to the point-spinning ball parameter E. i+1 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i+1 The slope k is abnormally small, resulting in an abnormally small slope. i If it is not positive, then a larger slope k is retained. i+ The corresponding data point group, i.e. (E) i D a i ) and (E i+2 D a i+2 This allows outlier data points to be excluded (E). i+1 D a i+1 ).

[0096] When the slope k i- If positive, the slope k i+ When it is negative, it indicates that the issue may be due to the ball-burning parameter E at the split point. i The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i The slope k is abnormally large. i If the slope is not positive, then the slope k is retained as positive. i- The corresponding data point group, i.e. (E) i-1 D a i-1 ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 This allows outlier data points to be excluded (E). i D a i ).

[0097] When the slope k i- If negative, the slope k i+ If it is positive, it may be due to the ball-burning parameter E at the split point. i+1 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i+1 The slope k is abnormally small, resulting in an abnormally small slope. i If the slope is not positive, then the slope k is retained as positive. i+ The corresponding data point group, i.e. (E) i D a i ) and (E i+2 D a i+2 This allows outlier data points to be excluded (E). i+1 D a i+1 ).

[0098] When the slope k i- and slope ki+ When all values ​​are negative, it indicates that the parameter E of the ball-burning point may be the cause. i E i+1 and E i+2 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i D a i+1 and D a i+2 All of them are abnormal and the point-by-point burning parameters E need to be re-acquired. i E i+1 and E i+2 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i D a i+1 and D a i+2 .

[0099] It should be understandable that by calculating (E) separately i-1 D a i-1 ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i- , and (E i D a i ) and (E i +2 D a i+2 The slope k i+ This allows for the differentiation of various anomalies and the targeted elimination of outlier data points, thereby improving the accuracy of data point selection and maximizing the utilization of limited data points. Furthermore, re-collecting data when multiple consecutive data points exhibit anomalies helps ensure the integrity of the final data point set used to fit the mapping relationship F, further enhancing the accuracy of the mapping relationship F.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figures 10-13 As shown, the calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in the wire bonding machine also includes a wire bonding program reuse method. This method includes, when the machine acquires the target diameter D... r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out Subsequently, when saving the wire bonding program, the calibration result parameter E is obtained based on the current machine's mapping relationship F. outThe corresponding target free air ball diameter D0 is obtained, and the target free air ball diameter D0 is bound and saved with the wire bonding program. When the machine has a mapping relationship F, when loading the wire bonding program, based on the current machine's mapping relationship F and combined with the target free air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program, the target burning ball parameter E0 corresponding to the target free air ball diameter D0 is obtained.

[0101] It should be understood that when saving the wire bonding program, the calibration result parameter E will be included. out Converting this to the corresponding target free-air ball diameter D0 decouples the wire bonding program from the current machine tool, in other words, decouples the mapping relationship F between the wire bonding program and the specific machine tool. Furthermore, when the wire bonding program is loaded onto other machines, the target ball-burning parameters E0 can be automatically calculated based on the target machine tool's mapping relationship F, ensuring that the target machine tool burns the same target free-air ball diameter D0. This helps eliminate the impact of hardware differences between machines on the ball-burning process, reduces the time spent on repeated calibration of multiple machines during production, lowers the dependence of machine calibration on operators, and improves the standardization level of wire bonding.

[0102] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the wire bonding program reuse method also includes, when saving the wire bonding program, when the calibration result parameter E... out If there is a corresponding point in the current machine's mapping relationship F, then read the free-air sphere diameter D of the corresponding point as the target free-air sphere diameter D0; when the calibration result parameter E out When there is no corresponding point within the range of the current machine's mapping relationship F, take the calibration result parameter E. out Linear interpolation of two adjacent consecutive data points is used for conversion to calculate the calibration result parameter E. out The corresponding target free-air sphere diameter D0.

[0103] It should be understandable that the calibration result parameter E is converted using linear interpolation. out The corresponding target free-air sphere diameter D0 helps avoid numerical jumps. Furthermore, linear interpolation is simple to calculate and highly efficient, making it suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements and limited computing resources. In other words, linear interpolation is more suitable for machine tools.

[0104] In at least one embodiment, the wire bonding program reuse method includes checking whether a mapping relationship F exists under the current calibration parameters such as wire material, wire diameter, and arcing current after the operator selects "Save Wire Bonding Program". If no mapping relationship F exists, an error alarm is displayed, allowing the operator to choose to continue saving the wire bonding program or stop saving the wire bonding program after handling the alarm. If a mapping relationship F exists, the current calibration result parameter E is determined. outWhether it lies between the upper and lower limits of the burning ball parameter E in the mapping relationship F.

[0105] Furthermore, if the calibration result parameter E out If the upper or lower limit of the wire bonding parameter E in the mapping relationship F is exceeded, an error alarm will be displayed. The operator can then choose to continue saving the wire bonding program or abort saving the wire bonding program after handling the alarm. If the calibration result parameter E... out If the parameter E of the burned ball lies between the upper and lower limits of the mapping relationship F, then the calibration result parameter E will be... out Convert the target free air sphere diameter D0 to the corresponding target free air sphere diameter, and bind and save the target free air sphere diameter D0 with the wire bonding program.

[0106] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the wire bonding program reuse method further includes, when loading the wire bonding program, if the target free air sphere diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program has a corresponding point in the mapping relationship F of the current machine, then the burning ball parameter E of the corresponding point is read as the target burning ball parameter E0; if the target free air sphere diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program is within the interval of the mapping relationship F of the current machine but has no corresponding point, then the linear interpolation of the two data points adjacent to the target free air sphere diameter D0 is taken for conversion to calculate the target burning ball parameter E0 corresponding to the target free air sphere diameter D0.

[0107] It is understandable that using linear interpolation to convert the target free-air sphere diameter D0 to the target burnt sphere parameter E0 helps avoid numerical jumps. Furthermore, linear interpolation is simple to perform and highly efficient, making it suitable for scenarios with high real-time requirements and limited computing resources. In other words, linear interpolation is more suitable for machine tools.

[0108] In at least one embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, the wire bonding program reuse method includes the following steps: When the operator selects "Load Program," the method checks whether the target free air sphere diameter D0 in the wire bonding program is not 0. If the target free air sphere diameter D0 in the wire bonding program is 0, it indicates that no target free air sphere diameter D0 is bound, an error alarm is displayed, and the wire bonding program continues to load. If the target free air sphere diameter D0 in the wire bonding program is not 0, it indicates that a target free air sphere diameter D0 is bound, and the method further checks whether a mapping relationship F exists under the current calibration parameters such as wire material, wire diameter, and arcing current. If no mapping relationship F exists, an error alarm is displayed, and the operator can choose to continue loading the wire bonding program or stop loading the wire bonding program after handling the alarm. If a mapping relationship F exists, it is determined whether the target free air sphere diameter D0 is between the upper and lower limits of the free air sphere diameter D in the current machine's mapping relationship F.

[0109] Furthermore, if the target free-air ball diameter D0 exceeds the upper or lower limit of the free-air ball diameter D in the mapping relationship F, an error alarm will be displayed. The operator can then choose to continue loading the wire bonding program or stop loading the wire bonding program after handling the alarm. If the target free-air ball diameter D0 is between the upper and lower limits of the free-air ball diameter D in the current machine's mapping relationship F, then the target free-air ball diameter D0 will be converted into the corresponding target burning ball parameter E0.

[0110] In at least one embodiment, the ignition time in the wire bonding program is kept constant. The difference between the ignition time in the program and the target burn-in parameter E0 is used to obtain the ignition compensation time. During burn-in, the ignition compensation time is subtracted from the ignition time in the wire bonding program to obtain the actual ignition time. It should be understood that this setting helps avoid modifications to the initial wire bonding program by the machine, thus maintaining good stability and allowing for multiple reuses, thereby improving the reliability of the wire bonding process. Furthermore, the operator can choose whether to reuse the wire bonding program. If the option to reuse the wire bonding program is turned off, the ignition compensation time is not effective; in other words, the machine uses the ignition time in the wire bonding program as the actual ignition time.

[0111] It is worth mentioning that if the wire bonding program is saved again on the current machine, the actual ignition time will be used as the calibration result parameter E. out Based on the current machine's mapping relationship F, obtain the calibration result parameter E. out The corresponding target free-air sphere diameter D0 is set, and the target free-air sphere diameter D0 is bound and saved with the wire bonding program for updating the wire bonding program.

[0112] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the wire bonding program reuse method also includes providing an ignition time mode and a solder ball size mode when the wire bonding program reuse option is enabled, allowing operators to switch between the two modes. Specifically, the ignition time mode is the default mode. When the ignition time mode is executed, modification of the target free air ball diameter D0 is prohibited, thus helping to avoid logical confusion. When the solder ball size mode is executed, it first checks whether a mapping relationship F exists under the current calibration parameters such as wire material, wire diameter, and ignition current. If a mapping relationship F exists, the corresponding target free air ball diameter D0 is calculated based on the actual ignition time in the ignition time mode. If no mapping relationship F exists, an error alarm is displayed.

[0113] Furthermore, such as Figure 13As shown, when executing the solder ball size mode, the operator can modify the target free air ball diameter D0. Specifically, the wire bonding program reuse method also includes, after the operator modifies the target free air ball diameter D0, checking whether the modified target free air ball diameter D0 is between the upper and lower limits of the free air ball diameter D in the current machine's mapping relationship F. If the modified target free air ball diameter D0 exceeds the upper or lower limit of the free air ball diameter D in the mapping relationship F, an error alarm is displayed, such as "No calibration result found for the target free air ball diameter, please expand the calibration range," and the process reverts to the original target free air ball diameter D0. If the modified target free air ball diameter D0 is between the upper and lower limits of the free air ball diameter D in the current machine's mapping relationship F, the target free air ball diameter D0 is converted into the corresponding target solder ball parameter E0.

[0114] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this invention have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection claimed by this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating the parameters of an electrical discharge ball in a wire bonding machine, characterized in that, This includes a single-machine calibration method, which comprises the following steps: Based on the current burning ball parameter E cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire; Obtain the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a ; Calculate the actual diameter D a With the preset target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the adjustment threshold, the coarse adjustment mode is executed. a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the adjustment threshold, the fine-tuning mode is executed, and the burn-in parameter E is calculated and updated through either the coarse-tuning mode or the fine-tuning mode. new The burn-in parameters E will be updated. new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur ; Multiple cycles are used to form a free air sphere and obtain the actual diameter D. a And calculate and update the burning ball parameter E new The steps continue until the actual diameter D is reached. a The calibration completion conditions are met, and the current burn-in ball parameter E is set. cur The target diameter D is determined. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out .

2. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an inter-device calibration method, which includes the following steps: Find the first boundary value D of the preset target diameter interval r1 Using the single-machine calibration method, the first boundary value D is obtained. r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 ; With the first boundary value D r1 The corresponding calibration result parameter E out1 Starting from the point, generate at least one point of the ball-burning parameter E with equal step intervals. i ; Based on the ball-burning parameters E at each point i A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire, and the sphere burning parameters E at each sub-point are obtained. i The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i until the actual diameter D of the free air sphere a i The second boundary value D beyond the target diameter range r2 ; Based on multiple sets of corresponding point-burning ball parameters E i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i By fitting the data, a mapping relationship F is established between the sintered sphere parameters E and the free air sphere diameter D.

3. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the analysis of multiple sets of corresponding point-burning ball parameters E i and the actual diameter D of the free-air sphere a i When performing fitting, multiple sets of data are arranged according to E. i The numerical arrangement is used to calculate the values ​​of adjacent data points (E). i D a i ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i Based on slope k i Exclude outlier data points; The valid data points obtained after excluding outlier data points are fitted to establish the mapping relationship F.

4. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in the wire bonding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple sets of data are arranged according to E i The values ​​are sorted in ascending order, when (E i D a i ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i For non-positive times, calculate (E) separately. i-1 D a i-1 ) and (E i+1 D a i+1 The slope k i- , and (E i D a i ) and (E i+2 D a i+2 The slope k i+ ; When the slope k i- and slope k i+ All data points are in positive time, and data points with larger slopes are retained. When the slope k i- and slope k i+ When all values ​​are negative, re-acquire the point-burning ball parameter E. i E i+1 and E i+2 The actual diameter D of the corresponding free-air sphere a i D a i+1 and D a i+2 ; When the slope k i- and slope k i+ When the slope is both positive and negative, retain the data point group with the positive slope.

5. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a wire bonding program reuse method, which includes, when the machine acquires the target diameter D r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out Subsequently, when saving the wire bonding program, the calibration result parameter E is obtained based on the current machine's mapping relationship F. out The corresponding target free air sphere diameter D0 is set, and the target free air sphere diameter D0 is bound and saved with the wire bonding program. Once the machine tool has a mapping relationship F, when loading the wire bonding program, based on the current machine tool's mapping relationship F and combined with the target free air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program, the target burn ball parameter E0 corresponding to the target free air ball diameter D0 is obtained.

6. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wire bonding program reuse method further includes, when saving the wire bonding program, when the calibration result parameter E... out If there is a corresponding point in the current machine's mapping relationship F, then read the free-air sphere diameter D of the corresponding point as the target free-air sphere diameter D0; when the calibration result parameter E out When there is no corresponding point within the range of the current machine's mapping relationship F, take the calibration result parameter E. out Linear interpolation of two adjacent consecutive data points is used for conversion to calculate the calibration result parameter E. out The corresponding target free-air sphere diameter D0; When loading the wire bonding program, if the target free-air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program has a corresponding point in the mapping relationship F of the current machine, the burning ball parameter E of the corresponding point is read as the target burning ball parameter E0; if the target free-air ball diameter D0 bound in the wire bonding program is within the interval of the mapping relationship F of the current machine but has no corresponding point, the linear interpolation of the two data points adjacent to the target free-air ball diameter D0 is taken for conversion to calculate the target burning ball parameter E0 corresponding to the target free-air ball diameter D0.

7. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in the wire bonding machine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The single-machine calibration method also includes under-adjustment count statistics and over-adjustment count statistics, and in the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode, calculating and obtaining the updated burn-in ball parameter E based on the adjustment step formula. new ; Adjustment step size = [f(undershoot count) / f(overshoot count)] * base step size, where f(undershoot count) is an undershoot function containing the undershoot count, and f(overshoot count) is an overshoot function containing the overshoot count. By adjusting the value of at least one of the undershoot count and overshoot count, it is possible to switch between the coarse adjustment mode and the fine adjustment mode. Update ball parameters = Current ball parameters - Deviation sign * Adjustment step; where, when the actual diameter D a Larger than the target diameter D r When the deviation sign is positive, the actual diameter D a Smaller than the target diameter D r When the deviation sign is negative.

8. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The single-machine calibration method also includes, when the actual diameter D a With the target diameter D r When the absolute value of the deviation is less than the preset end threshold, the fine-tuning mode is stopped, based on the current burn-in ball parameter E. cur Obtain the actual diameter D of n free-space spheres. a n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2; The calibration completion conditions include the actual diameter D of n free-air spheres. a n The range is less than a preset first threshold, and the actual diameter D of the n free air spheres is... a n The average value D mean With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation is less than the preset second threshold.

9. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The calibration completion conditions also include the actual diameter D of the n free-air spheres. a n With the target diameter D r The absolute values ​​of the deviations are all less than the preset fine-tuning threshold; If the actual diameter D of at least one free-air sphere a n With the target diameter D r The absolute value of the deviation is greater than or equal to the fine-tuning threshold, or the actual diameter D of n free-air spheres. a n The average value D mean With the target diameter D r If the absolute value of the deviation is greater than or equal to the second threshold, then fine-tuning mode is executed; The fine-tuning mode includes adjusting the value of at least one of the undershoot count and overshoot count, and recalculating the updated burn-in parameter E based on the adjustment step formula. new The burn-in parameters E will be updated. new Replace the current burn ball parameter E cur Multiple cycles are used to form a free air sphere and obtain the actual diameter D. a And calculate and update the burning ball parameter E new The steps continue until the actual diameter D is reached. a The calibration completion conditions are met, and the current burn-in ball parameter E is set. cur The target diameter D is determined. r The corresponding calibration result parameter E out .

10. The calibration method for the electrical discharge ball parameters in a wire bonding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The single-machine calibration method also includes a ball burning status judgment, which includes a first abnormal ball count; the initial value of the first abnormal ball count is 0, when the actual diameter D of n free air balls is... a n When the range is greater than the first threshold, the number of first abnormal balls increases by 1; the number of first abnormal balls is compared with the preset first abnormal threshold. If the number of first abnormal balls is greater than the first abnormal threshold, it is determined that the ball burning is abnormal, and the execution of the single-machine calibration method is suspended; if the number of first abnormal balls is less than or equal to the first abnormal threshold, it is determined that the ball burning is normal, and the execution based on the current ball burning parameter E continues. cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire; and / or the determination of the scorched sphere state includes a first test count, the initial value of which is 0, and the actual diameter D of the free air sphere is measured each time. a Increase the number of the first test by 1; The first test count is compared with the preset first test threshold. When the first test count is greater than or equal to the first test threshold, it is determined that the ball burn-in is abnormal, and the execution of the single-machine calibration method is suspended. If the number of tests is less than the first test threshold, the burn-in is considered normal, and execution continues based on the current burn-in parameter E. cur A free air sphere is formed at the end of the bonding wire.

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