Bentonite composite oil removing agent with anti-back staining function, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses bentonite composite oil removing agent with anti-backstaining function and a preparation method and application thereof, and the core of the technical scheme of the application is that the activity of bentonite is improved through heat activation pretreatment, and the interlayer expansion and dispersion performance of bentonite in washing liquid is excited by using an alkaline environment, so that the "emulsification-adsorption" synergistic oil removal is realized. Through the "emulsification-adsorption" synergistic mechanism, the bentonite is used to capture and lock emulsified oil stains, the backstaining path of the oil stains is fundamentally cut off, the fabric whiteness is significantly improved while the oil is efficiently removed, and the amount of traditional surfactants and environmental pollution are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile technology, specifically relating to a bentonite composite degreasing agent with anti-re-staining function, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In the textile printing and dyeing industry, fabrics (especially synthetic fibers such as polyester and spandex, and their blends) inevitably require the addition of large amounts of oiling agents (such as spinning oils, machine oils, and lubricants) during the spinning and weaving process to reduce friction and static electricity. Furthermore, the fabric is easily contaminated with machine oil in the production environment. Pre-treatment degreasing is the first step in printing and dyeing processing. Its purpose is to remove natural impurities and the aforementioned oil stains from the fabric surface to ensure the uniformity and quality of subsequent dyeing and finishing. Incomplete degreasing can lead to uneven dyeing, oil spots, or serious quality problems such as poor water absorption and insufficient whiteness in the fabric.

[0003] Currently, known degreasing technologies mainly rely on chemical action, specifically the use of surfactants. Surfactant molecules possess both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups, and through physicochemical actions such as wetting, penetration, emulsification, dispersion, and solubilization, they peel oil stains from the fabric surface and disperse them in water. However, this single chemical mechanism has significant drawbacks. Because emulsion systems are prone to thermodynamic instability or even demulsification during high-temperature washing and subsequent cooling and drainage, oil particles that have detached from the fabric can re-aggregate and be re-adsorbed (re-adheded) onto the fiber surface, resulting in insufficient whiteness or oil spots on the washed fabric. To overcome this problem, existing processes often have to significantly increase the concentration of surfactants used to maintain emulsion stability. This not only increases production costs but also directly leads to a sharp increase in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of dyeing and printing wastewater, causing a serious environmental pollution burden, and it still cannot fundamentally solve the physical problem of oil re-adhesion.

[0004] Bentonite, a natural non-metallic mineral with montmorillonite as its main component, is often hailed as a "universal clay" due to its unique layered structure and excellent adsorption, swelling, and cation exchange capabilities. In wastewater treatment, bentonite is frequently used to adsorb and remove heavy metals and organic pollutants from water. However, in high-end applications of textile degreasing and washing, the direct use of bentonite as an anti-staining component is relatively rare. Therefore, although bentonite is known to have adsorption capacity, directly adding natural bentonite to washing liquid often results in poor dispersibility and low adsorption efficiency. Current technology lacks an effective process (such as a specific activation method or a specific alkaline synergistic environment) to fully unleash the potential of bentonite in textile washing liquids, making it difficult to replace chemical degreasing agents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for preparing a bentonite composite degreasing agent with anti-re-adhesion function.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a bentonite composite degreasing agent with anti-re-adhesion function, characterized in that it includes: Pretreatment: The bentonite is sieved to obtain pretreated bentonite; Thermal activation treatment: The pretreated bentonite is subjected to thermal activation treatment to reduce the moisture content of the bentonite to <5%; Compound dispersion: Under stirring, the thermally activated bentonite is slowly added to the liquid degreasing agent, and stirring is continued until the mixture is uniform to obtain the bentonite composite degreasing agent.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the bentonite is selected from calcium-based bentonite, sodium-based bentonite, acidic bentonite, or organically modified bentonite, and the particle size of the pretreated bentonite is 150 mesh to 500 mesh.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the temperature of the thermal activation treatment is 100~200℃ and the time is 1~4 h.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the liquid degreasing agent is selected from nonionic / anionic compound surfactants, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkyl glycosides, or Gemini twin surfactants.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the mass ratio of bentonite to liquid degreasing agent is 1:5~15.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method described in this invention, the means of compound dispersion include mechanical stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, high-shear emulsification or addition of a dispersant, and the stirring rate is 300~500 rpm.

[0014] Another objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a bentonite composite degreasing agent.

[0015] Another objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an application of a bentonite composite degreasing agent in fabric degreasing, characterized by comprising the following steps: Preparation of working solution: Add alkaline activator and bentonite composite degreasing agent to water; Programmed temperature rise: Immerse the fabric in the working solution and raise the temperature from 30°C to 80-100°C at a rate of 1-5°C / min. Constant temperature washing: Treat at 80~100℃ for 30~60 minutes; Drainage and post-treatment: Drain the waste liquid, rinse and dry the fabric.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the application described in this invention, the alkaline activator is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or a compound alkaline agent, and the concentration of the alkaline activator is 0.3 g / L to 1.0 g / L; the concentration of the bentonite compound degreasing agent is 3 to 10 g / L.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the application described in this invention, the bath ratio of the working fluid is 1:5~20.

[0018] Beneficial effects of this invention: (1) This invention utilizes the huge specific surface area and interlayer structure of bentonite to quickly adsorb and encapsulate the emulsified oil stains, significantly preventing the re-aggregation of oil stain particles and secondary deposition on the fabric surface. Experiments have shown that the whiteness value of the treated fabric is significantly better than that of the traditional pure chemical degreasing process, effectively solving the problem of "reverse staining". (2) This invention successfully solved the compatibility problem between inorganic minerals and organic degreasing agents through thermal activation and alkaline activation processes, and realized the replacement of some organic surfactants with cheap, natural and non-toxic bentonite. Under the premise of ensuring the degreasing rate (such as the oil removal rate of 100%), it significantly reduced the raw material cost and wastewater treatment pressure, and has significant economic benefits and environmental protection value. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a photograph of the bentonite composite degreasing agent prepared according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the bentonite composite degreasing agent of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the fabric degreasing process of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working mechanism of the oil removal system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 Comparison of actual samples showing changes in the dosage of bentonite degreasing agent.

[0024] Figure 6 The effect of changing the amount of bentonite degreasing agent on whiteness value.

[0025] Figure 7 The effect of temperature change on whiteness value for NaOH with a concentration of 0.3 g / L.

[0026] Figure 8 The image shows a comparison of actual samples with NaOH concentration of 0.3 g / L and temperature changes.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of actual samples with NaOH concentration of 1 g / L and temperature changes.

[0028] Figure 10 The effect of temperature change on whiteness value when the NaOH concentration is 1 g / L.

[0029] Figure 11 The effect of time on whiteness value when NaOH concentration is 0.3 g / L.

[0030] Figure 12 The image shows a comparison of the actual samples with NaOH concentration of 0.3 g / L and the time variation.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a comparison chart showing the effects of changing the concentration of NaOH (1 g / L) over time.

[0032] Figure 14 The effect of changing the concentration of NaOH (1 g / day) on the whiteness value.

[0033] Figure 15 The effect of changing NaOH concentration on whiteness value.

[0034] Figure 16 A comparison chart showing the effects of varying NaOH concentrations.

[0035] Figure 17 This is a comparison diagram of the actual test samples from Example 5 and Comparative Example 6.

[0036] Figure 18 The effect of two degreasing agents on whiteness values ​​is shown in Example 5 and Comparative Example 6. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples in the specification.

[0038] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0040] Raw materials used in this invention: polyester fabric (oil-stained cloth), Lishui Nanping Leather Base Fabric Co., Ltd.; bentonite, commercially available; degreasing agent (Inlosan CRT6S, the main component of which is a compound dilution of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether C12~C14 AEO-9 and anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate LAS, with an active ingredient content of about 15%~25% and a pH value of 6.5~8.0), Interface Materials Technology (Yancheng) Co., Ltd.; NaOH, Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Co., Ltd.; engine oil, ExxonMobil (Taicang) Petroleum Co., Ltd.; DIADAVIN EWM, Tuona Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0041] The instruments used in this invention embodiment are: electric thermostatic drying oven, DHG-9030A, Shanghai Jinghong Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd.; electronic balance, PMK224ZH / E, Oswell Instruments Co., Ltd.; infrared dyeing machine, IR-12, Xiamen Ruibi Precision Machinery Co., Ltd.; colorimeter, Color-Eye 7000A, X-Rite (Shanghai) Color Instruments Trading Co., Ltd.; centrifuge, H1750, Hunan Xiangyi Laboratory Instruments Development Co., Ltd.; high-speed shear stirrer, THF, Tuohe Electromechanical Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0042] The fabric whiteness testing method in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Turn on the whiteness tester and preheat it to a stable state. Open the whiteness testing program on the computer, place the black tube to perform zero-point calibration, flatten the standard white plate to cover the test hole, press the "Calibrate" button to complete the white plate calibration, and save the data after calibration to ensure the accuracy of subsequent measurements. Select the fabric sample to be tested, fold the fabric sample twice to completely cover the test hole to avoid light leakage; press the measurement button, and the instrument automatically collects data (one piece of fabric is measured three times at different positions). After the measurement is completed, export the experimental data and record it.

[0043] The method for characterizing the oil removal effect of textiles in this invention embodiment is as follows: The oil removal effect is visually judged by comparing physical samples of oil-stained cloth before and after treatment. A 10cm × 10cm polyester fabric was selected as the standard sample, and the oil stain was prepared using simulated machine oil. Before treatment, the oil-stained area was marked with a marker pen, and the cleanliness of the marked area was compared after treatment. A colorimeter was used to measure the whiteness value of the fabric before and after treatment, and the data further reflects the degree of oil removal. The higher the whiteness value, the less oil residue remains, and the better the treatment effect of the bentonite degreasing agent.

[0044] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a bentonite composite degreasing agent with anti-re-adhesion function, including the following steps: (1) Raw material pretreatment: calcium-based bentonite was selected as the basic adsorbent material; Bentonite was screened using a standard sieve to obtain bentonite powder with a fineness of 200 mesh, and the particle size of the bentonite powder was ≤74 μm.

[0045] (2) Thermal activation treatment: The pretreated bentonite raw material is placed in an oven and dried at a constant temperature of 105±2℃ for 2 hours, so that the moisture content of the bentonite is reduced to <5%; After cooling to room temperature, 10.00g of the heat-treated bentonite was accurately weighed using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01g.

[0046] (3) Compound dispersion: In this embodiment, the mass ratio of bentonite to degreasing agent is 1:9. First, 90.00g of commercially available degreasing agent is poured into a 500ml beaker. Under the stirring of a high-speed shear mixer, 10.00g of modified bentonite is slowly and in batches added to the degreasing agent to prevent powder agglomeration. The speed of the high-speed shear emulsifier is 5000 rpm. After adding all the bentonite, continue stirring at the same speed for 25 minutes until the mixture is homogeneous and forms a homogeneous solution. Figure 1 The suspended slurry shown has a uniform color and no visible particles. (4) Stabilization of finished product: Stop stirring and transfer the suspension slurry obtained in step (3) to a sealed container to obtain bentonite composite degreasing agent; the obtained product is a light yellow viscous suspension.

[0047] Experiments show that the composite system has good storage stability at a 10% load (no obvious stratification after 24 hours of standing) and can be directly used for subsequent fabric degreasing treatment.

[0048] (5) Evaluation of dispersion state: In order to further evaluate the dispersion state of the obtained bentonite composite degreasing agent, particle size was tested. Test results show that the particle size distribution of the bentonite composite degreasing agent obtained in this embodiment is as follows: d(0.1) is 2.832 μm, d(0.5) is 9.269 μm, and d(0.9) is 89.395 μm. This particle size test was conducted on the compounded suspension system, and the results reflect the dispersion and aggregation state of bentonite particles in the liquid degreasing agent.

[0049] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the calcium-based bentonite in step (1) is replaced with sodium-based bentonite, while the remaining steps are the same as in Embodiment 1, and a bentonite composite degreasing agent is obtained.

[0050] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the fineness of the bentonite powder in step (1) is replaced with 150 mesh, while the rest of the steps are the same as in embodiment 1, and a bentonite composite degreasing agent is obtained.

[0051] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the fineness of the bentonite powder in step (1) is replaced with 500 mesh, while the rest of the steps are the same as in Embodiment 1, and a bentonite composite degreasing agent is obtained.

[0052] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the bentonite used is coarse-grained bentonite that has not undergone fine processing. All other parameters, including the thermal activation temperature, thermal activation time, mass ratio of bentonite to degreasing agent, feeding sequence, and shear dispersion conditions, are the same as in Example 1, resulting in a bentonite composite degreasing agent.

[0053] The particle size distribution of the obtained composite degreasing agent was measured to be: d(0.1) = 6.081 μm, d(0.5) = 149.047 μm, and d(0.9) = 242.598 μm. Compared with Example 1, the median particle size and the proportion of large-size particles in the composite degreasing agent in this comparative example increased significantly, indicating that the original fineness of bentonite has a significant impact on the particle size distribution of the composite system.

[0054] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the shear emulsification intensity is reduced during the compounding and dispersion process in step (3), the speed of the high-speed shear emulsifier is adjusted to 1000 rpm, and the shear emulsification time is adjusted to 10 min; the other bentonite types, bentonite pretreatment methods, thermal activation conditions, mass ratio of bentonite to degreasing agent and feeding sequence are the same as in Example 1, and a bentonite composite degreasing agent is obtained.

[0055] The obtained composite degreasing agent was subjected to particle size testing, and its particle size distribution was measured to be: d(0.1) 2.332 μm, d(0.5) 11.406 μm, and d(0.9) 100.209 μm. Compared with Example 1, the particle size distribution of this comparative example shifted towards larger particle sizes, indicating that under the condition that the original fineness of bentonite is the same or similar, the dispersion strength will affect the agglomeration state and particle size distribution of bentonite in the liquid degreasing agent system.

[0056] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step (2) is omitted, while the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, to obtain the bentonite composite degreasing agent.

[0057] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of bentonite to degreasing agent in step (3) is replaced with 1:5. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1, and a bentonite composite degreasing agent is obtained.

[0058] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of bentonite to degreasing agent in step (3) is replaced with 2:1. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1. The bentonite content in this system is too high, and the viscosity of the system increases significantly during the compounding process, making it difficult to form a uniform, stable suspension with good fluidity.

[0059] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, under the same thermal activation conditions, compounding ratio, feeding sequence, and dispersion conditions, the original fineness of bentonite significantly affects the particle size distribution of the composite degreasing agent. When using coarse-grained bentonite that has not undergone fine treatment, the proportion of large-size particles in the resulting composite system increases significantly, which is not conducive to forming a stable and uniform dispersion system.

[0060] As shown in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, when the type and fineness of bentonite are the same or similar, the dispersion conditions also affect the particle size distribution of the composite degreasing agent. After reducing the dispersion intensity, the particle size distribution of the system shifts towards larger particle sizes, indicating that proper dispersion is beneficial to reducing the agglomeration of bentonite particles and enabling the composite degreasing agent to form a more suitable particle size distribution.

[0061] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, thermal activation treatment is beneficial to reduce the moisture content of bentonite, improve the compound dispersion state between bentonite and liquid degreasing agent, and thus improve the stability of the composite system.

[0062] As shown in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5, the mass ratio of bentonite to degreasing agent affects the flowability and dispersion stability of the composite system. When the bentonite content is too high, the viscosity of the system increases, which is not conducive to the formation of a uniform and stable suspension slurry, nor is it conducive to subsequent degreasing treatment of fabrics.

[0063] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for using the bentonite composite degreasing agent prepared in Example 1 to treat fabrics, specifically including the following steps: Experimental materials: Polyester oil-stained cloth (10cm×10cm, about 10g each), with oil stains marked with a butter pen; Simulated oil stains: ExxonMobil engine oil; Working solution preparation: Bentonite composite degreasing agent + NaOH.

[0064] (1) Preparation and preheating of working solution (low-temperature alkaline activation): Inject clean water into the infrared dyeing machine and set the bath ratio (the ratio of fabric weight to water) to 1:10.

[0065] Set the system temperature to 30℃, and add the following components in sequence. Stir well and maintain preheating for 10 minutes: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH): The concentration is controlled at 0.5 g / L.

[0066] Bentonite composite degreasing agent: concentration controlled at 3 g / L.

[0067] (2) Programmed heating: After the fabric is put in, turn on the heating device to raise the working fluid temperature from 30℃ to 90℃. The heating time is controlled within 20 minutes, and the heating rate is about 3℃ / min.

[0068] (3) Constant temperature co-washing: Maintain a constant temperature of 90℃ for 40 minutes.

[0069] (4) Drainage and post-treatment: After the constant temperature period, the high-temperature waste liquid containing the "bentonite-oil complex" is directly discharged. Clean water is then added, and the fabric is rinsed twice at 40-60℃ to thoroughly remove residual alkali and surfactants. Finally, the fabric is dried. After drying, the fabric is weighed, and its whiteness value is measured using a colorimeter, and the data is recorded.

[0070] Example 6 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the concentration of the bentonite composite degreasing agent in step (1) is replaced with 0.5 g / L, 1 g / L, 2 g / L, 5 g / L, 7 g / L, and 10 g / L, respectively. The other steps are the same as in embodiment 5.

[0071] Figure 5The images show a comparison of products treated with different amounts of bentonite degreasing agent. As can be seen from the before-and-after comparisons, when the bentonite degreasing agent dosage is 0.5 g / L, 1 g / L, and 2 g / L, most of the oil stains can be removed, but some oil residue remains, and the desired cleaning effect is not achieved. When the dosage is 3 g / L, the cleaning effect is significantly improved, and there is no oil residue on the treated fabric, achieving the desired result. Further increasing the dosage to 5 g / L, 7 g / L, and 10 g / L also achieves the desired degreasing effect.

[0072] Figure 6 This study investigates the effect of varying bentonite degreasing agent dosage on whiteness values. Whiteness value data is used to illustrate the effect of bentonite dosage on whiteness. Increasing the dosage of bentonite degreasing agent did not significantly improve the whiteness of the fabric. Therefore, considering both detergency and economic benefits, the optimal dosage of bentonite degreasing agent is 3 g / L. At this concentration, the bentonite degreasing agent not only achieves ideal detergency but also produces satisfactory whiteness of the treated fabric, while simultaneously meeting the requirements for low-cost development.

[0073] Example 7 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the NaOH concentration in step (1) is replaced with 0, 0.1 g / L, 0.2 g / L, 0.3 g / L, and 1 g / L, respectively; the isothermal temperature in step (3) is replaced with 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 100℃, and 110℃, respectively; and the isothermal treatment time in step (3) is replaced with 20 min, 30 min, 50 min, and 60 min, respectively. All other steps are the same as in embodiment 5.

[0074] Figure 7 The effect of temperature change on the whiteness value of NaOH with a concentration of 0.3 g / L is shown. It can be seen that the whiteness value is relatively high when the temperature is 90℃.

[0075] Figure 8 The images show a comparison of actual samples with NaOH concentration of 0.3 g / L and temperature changes. At a NaOH concentration of 0.3 g / L, the overall degreasing effect is not very ideal. When the temperature is increased from 60℃ to 90℃, the degreasing effect shows an improving trend; however, further increasing the temperature beyond 90℃ results in a significant decrease in degreasing effect.

[0076] Figure 9 This image shows a comparison of actual samples treated with 1 g / L NaOH at varying temperatures. As the temperature increased from 60℃ to 90℃, the cleaning effect improved, reaching its peak at 90℃, with no oil residue remaining on the treated fabric surface, achieving the desired result. Further temperature increases led to a decrease in cleaning effectiveness, possibly because the excessively high temperature deactivated the bentonite degreasing agent, thus eliminating its degreasing effect.

[0077] Figure 10 The effect of temperature change on whiteness value when the NaOH concentration is 1 g / L can more fully illustrate that the whiteness value is basically at its peak when the temperature is 90℃.

[0078] Overall, the degreasing effect of bentonite degreasing agent is better when the NaOH concentration is 1 g / L than when the NaOH concentration is 0.5 g / L. The optimal degreasing temperature for bentonite degreasing agent is 90℃, which provides the best degreasing effect and meets environmental protection requirements.

[0079] Figure 11 The effect of time on whiteness value when NaOH concentration is 0.3 g / L is shown. It can be seen that the whiteness values ​​of the fabrics measured with varying time are all within a good range.

[0080] Figure 12 The image shows a comparison of the actual product with different cleaning times when the NaOH concentration is 0.3 g / L. When the NaOH concentration is 0.3 g / L, the cleaning effect is not obvious when the cleaning time is less than 40 minutes. The cleaning effect reaches an ideal state when the cleaning time reaches 40 minutes. When the cleaning time is 50 minutes, the cleaning effect begins to decline, and the oil residue is quite serious.

[0081] Figure 13 The image shows a comparison of the actual degreasing effect when the NaOH concentration is 1 g / L and the time is changed. Increasing the degreasing time from 20 min to 40 min showed an increasing trend in degreasing efficiency; the degreasing effect was optimal at 40 min; the degreasing effect decreased again at 50 min; although the degreasing effect was significant at 60 min, longer degreasing times resulted in greater energy consumption, which does not meet environmental and economic standards. Therefore, the optimal degreasing time is 40 min.

[0082] Figure 14 The effect of NaOH concentration (1 g / min) on whiteness value is shown. It can be seen that the change in whiteness value is not significant, and the whiteness value is highest at a degreasing time of 40 min, further demonstrating that the optimal degreasing time is 40 min.

[0083] Figure 15 The effect of NaOH concentration on whiteness value is shown. It can be seen that when the NaOH concentration is 0.2~1 g / L, the whiteness value is relatively high.

[0084] Figure 16The images show a comparison of the actual samples before and after treatment, with varying NaOH concentrations. It can be seen that without NaOH, the degreasing effect is not significant, and oil residue is severe, indicating that bentonite degreasing agents are more effective under alkaline conditions. Increasing the NaOH dosage improves the degreasing effect; when the NaOH dosage is 0.5 g / L, the degreasing effect reaches an ideal level; further increasing the NaOH dosage maintains a stable degreasing effect. To meet both economic and environmental benefits, the optimal NaOH dosage is 0.5 g / L.

[0085] Example 8 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the concentration of Inlosan CRT6S degreasing agent in step (1) is replaced with 0.5 g / L, 1 g / L, 2 g / L, 5 g / L, 7 g / L, and 10 g / L, respectively. The remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 5. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0086] Table 1. Effect of bentonite degreasing agent dosage on whiteness value

[0087] The results showed that the whiteness value significantly increased when the dosage of bentonite degreasing agent was increased from 0 g / L to 0.5 g / L (68.89 → 73.57, +4.68), indicating that the basic degreasing agent dosage of 0.5 g / L was sufficient to meet the degreasing requirements. A whiteness peak (73.81) appeared at 1 g / L, indicating that increasing the dosage could further improve whiteness. However, there was no significant increase in whiteness value when the dosage was further increased to 10 g / L (70.14). Considering both degreasing effect and economy, the most suitable degreasing agent dosage is 0.5~2 g / L.

[0088] Example 9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the NaOH concentration in step (1) is replaced with 0, 0.1 g / L, 0.2 g / L, 0.3 g / L, 0.4 g / L, and 1 g / L, respectively, and the isothermal temperature in step (3) is replaced with 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 100℃, and 110℃, respectively. The remaining steps are the same as in embodiment 5. The measurement results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0089] Table 2. Effects of NaOH concentration on weight loss rate and whiteness value

[0090] Table 3 Effect of processing temperature on whiteness value

[0091] Table 2 shows that the weight loss rate was lowest (0.17%) without the addition of NaOH (1#), but the whiteness value was not the lowest. The whiteness value fluctuated within the NaOH concentration range of 0.1~1 g / L, but generally remained between 73 and 80, indicating that at the current degreasing agent concentration, the alkaline environment had a relatively limited effect on improving whiteness. Considering both degreasing efficiency and whiteness, the optimal NaOH concentration was 0.5 g / L.

[0092] Table 3 shows that the whiteness value reached its peak at 70℃ (79.65), an increase of 10.76 compared to the untreated control (68.89); the whiteness value decreased after the temperature exceeded 80℃. This indicates that there is an optimal treatment temperature window (approximately 70~80℃) at the current degreasing agent / NaOH ratio. Excessively high temperatures may lead to surfactant deactivation or damage to the bentonite interlayer structure, thereby reducing the degreasing efficiency.

[0093] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 5 is that the bentonite composite degreasing agent in step (1) is replaced with the commercially available high-end degreasing agent DIADAVIN EWM and the unheated bentonite degreasing agent prepared in Comparative Example 3, respectively. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 5. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0094] Table 4 Comparison of Bentonite Composite Degreasing Agent with Commercially Available Products

[0095] Figure 17 The images show a comparison of the physical samples from Example 1 and Comparative Example 6. The comparison of the samples before and after treatment shows that the degreasing effect of the bentonite degreasing agent is not significantly different from that of the DIADAVIN EWM degreasing agent, indicating that the independently developed bentonite degreasing agent can replace commercially available degreasing agents.

[0096] Figure 18 The figure illustrates the effect of two degreasing agents, Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, on whiteness values. In the figure, 1 represents the whiteness value of the fabric treated with the degreasing agent, and 2 represents the whiteness value of the fabric treated with the bentonite degreasing agent. The data in the figure further demonstrates that the whiteness values ​​of the fabrics treated with the two degreasing agents are not significantly different, indicating that the degreasing efficiency of the bentonite degreasing agent is comparable to that of commercially available degreasing agents.

[0097] This invention provides a bentonite composite degreasing agent with anti-re-staining function, as well as its preparation and application methods. By introducing specially activated natural bentonite, this invention constructs a dual-effect synergistic system combining "surfactant emulsification and decontamination" with "bentonite adsorption and anti-staining." This reduces the amount of organic chemicals used while completely blocking the secondary deposition path of oil stains through physical adsorption mechanisms, thereby achieving a highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and high-whiteness degreasing effect.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a bentonite composite degreasing agent with anti-re-adhesion function, characterized in that: include, The bentonite was sieved to obtain pretreated bentonite with a particle size of 150-500 mesh. The pretreated bentonite was kept at a constant temperature of 100-200℃ for 1-4 hours to reduce the moisture content of the bentonite to <5%; The bentonite composite degreasing agent is obtained by slowly adding the thermally activated bentonite to the liquid degreasing agent under stirring while maintaining a mass ratio of 1:5 to 15 and stirring continuously until the mixture is uniform.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bentonite is selected from calcium-based bentonite, sodium-based bentonite, acidic bentonite, or organically modified bentonite.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the thermal activation treatment is 105±2℃, and the time is 2 h.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid degreasing agent is selected from nonionic / anionic compound surfactants, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkyl glycosides, or Gemini twin surfactants.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of bentonite to liquid degreasing agent is 1:

9.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methods for compound dispersion include mechanical stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, high-shear emulsification, or the addition of dispersants, with a stirring rate of 300-500 rpm.

7. The bentonite composite degreasing agent prepared by any one of the preparation methods described in claims 1 to 6.

8. The method for degreasing fabrics using the bentonite composite degreasing agent as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, Preparation of working solution: Add alkaline activator and bentonite composite degreasing agent to water; Programmed temperature rise: Immerse the fabric in the working solution and raise the temperature from 30°C to 80-100°C at a rate of 1-5°C / min. Constant temperature washing: Treat at 80~100℃ for 30~60 minutes; Drainage and post-treatment: Drain the waste liquid, rinse and dry the fabric.

9. The method for degreasing fabrics using the bentonite composite degreasing agent as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The alkaline activator is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or a compound alkaline agent, and the concentration of the alkaline activator is 0.3 g / L to 1.0 g / L; the concentration of the bentonite compound degreasing agent is 3 to 10 g / L.

10. The method for degreasing fabrics using the bentonite composite degreasing agent as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The working fluid has a bath ratio of 1:5 to 20; a heating rate of 3℃ / min; a constant temperature treatment temperature of 90℃; and a constant temperature treatment time of 40 min.

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