A laser welding device for medium-thick steel plate production

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of laser welding equipment for medium plate production, specifically relates to the field of medium plate laser welding, including: machine body, multi-axis welding mechanism, clamping mechanism and follow-up pressure support mechanism.The application is provided with follow-up pressure support mechanism, when welding assembly moves along the direction of bevel weld of plate to be welded to carry out laser welding, by the bottom elastic support assembly and top elastic compression assembly, it moves synchronously with welding assembly, reduces the problem that bevel root is softened and produces up and down floating, local subsidence due to heating, and bevel upper opening is produced and is up, hot protrusion or angle deformation due to heating, so that bevel root and bevel sidewall keep relatively stable position during welding process, reduce the influence caused by root penetration instability, sidewall not fusion and weld cross section uneven filling on effective fusion area, improve the weld forming quality of medium plate bevel laser welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser welding technology for medium and heavy steel plates, and more specifically, to a laser welding equipment for the production of medium and heavy steel plates. Background Technology

[0002] Medium and heavy steel plates are commonly used metal sheets in the production of engineering machinery, bridge structures, shipbuilding, pressure vessels, and large steel structures. They are typically characterized by their large thickness, high load-bearing requirements, and high weld strength requirements. During the processing of medium and heavy steel plates, in order to connect two plates into a single structure, it is usually necessary to first process bevels at the butt joint edges of the two plates, and then weld along the bevel weld direction using laser welding equipment to achieve a fusion connection between the bevel root and the bevel sidewalls of the two plates.

[0003] Currently, when performing laser welding on medium and thick steel plates, the two steel plates are usually clamped and aligned from the outside using a positioning fixture or clamping mechanism to form a predetermined butt joint. Then, the laser welding head moves along the weld direction of the bevel to perform continuous welding on the bevel area. Compared with ordinary thin plate welding, the bevel depth of medium and thick steel plates is larger. During welding, the laser beam needs to be stably applied to the root of the bevel and the two sides of the bevel wall so that the molten metal can fully fill the root of the bevel and form an effective fusion with the sidewalls of the bevel. Therefore, the stability of the position of the root of the bevel and the relative position of the sidewalls of the bevel directly affects the weld formation quality.

[0004] However, in the actual welding process, although the two medium-thick steel plates have been aligned by the fixture before welding, the heat of laser welding is relatively concentrated. The root of the groove and the sidewall of the groove near the current welding position will be subjected to high temperature, resulting in local thermal expansion, thermal softening or slight deformation. In particular, the root of the groove is prone to local sinking, floating up and down or positional shift. The upper edge of the groove is also prone to upward warping, thermal bulging or angular deformation. The above deformation will cause the relative position of the originally aligned root of the groove and the sidewall of the groove to change during the welding process, which will worsen the correspondence between the laser beam and the root of the groove. The molten metal is difficult to fill the root of the groove and the two sides of the groove wall evenly, which will easily cause problems such as unstable root penetration, local non-fusion of the sidewall, uneven filling of the weld section and reduction of effective fusion area, thus affecting the connection strength and weld quality of medium-thick steel plates after laser welding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a laser welding equipment for the production of medium and heavy steel plates. The problem to be solved is that when existing laser welding equipment for medium and heavy steel plates performs beveling welding on two plates to be welded, the area near the root of the bevel and the upper edge of the bevel is prone to local sinking, floating up and down, warping or angular deformation under the heat of laser welding. This causes changes in the relative position of the root of the bevel and the sidewall of the bevel, resulting in unstable root penetration, incomplete fusion of the sidewall, and a decline in the quality of weld formation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser welding equipment for the production of medium and heavy steel plates, comprising: a machine body, a multi-axis welding mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and a follow-up pressure support mechanism;

[0007] The multi-axis welding mechanism is mounted on the machine body. The multi-axis welding mechanism includes a welding assembly. The multi-axis welding mechanism is used to drive the welding assembly to move along the bevel weld direction of the plate to be welded.

[0008] The clamping mechanism is mounted on the machine body and is used to clamp and align the two plates to be welded from both sides, so that the bevels of the two plates to be welded form a butt joint.

[0009] The follow-up pressure support mechanism is located near the welding assembly and can move synchronously with the welding assembly along the direction of the bevel weld.

[0010] The follow-up pressure support mechanism includes a bottom elastic support component and a top elastic pressing component. The bottom elastic support component is located below the plate to be welded and is used to provide elastic support to the bottom area of ​​the plate to be welded near the root of the bevel. The top elastic pressing component is located above the plate to be welded and is used to provide elastic pressing to the upper surface area of ​​the plate to be welded near the upper edge of the bevel.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom elastic support assembly includes a base, a support seat, and an elastic element. The support seat is slidably disposed on the base via the elastic element and is used to elastically support the bottom of the plates to be welded under the action of the elastic element. The support seat is provided with a weld forming clearance groove, which corresponds to the center position of the weld of the two plates to be welded.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the top elastic clamping assembly includes a connecting seat, a pressure plate, and an elastic element two. The connecting seat is fixedly installed at a welding installation position adjacent to the welding assembly and can move synchronously with the welding assembly along the direction of the bevel weld. The pressure plate is disposed below the connecting seat through the elastic element two. The pressure plate is used to press against the upper surface area of ​​the two plates to be welded near the upper edge of the bevel. The pressure plate has a rectangular opening, which is corresponding to the welding action area of ​​the welding assembly, so as to avoid the welding action position of the welding assembly while pressing the upper surface of the plates to be welded by the pressure plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-axis welding mechanism includes a linear drive assembly and a welding assembly disposed on the linear drive assembly. The follow-up pressure support mechanism also includes a connecting rod. The bottom elastic support assembly is fixedly connected to the linear drive assembly via the connecting rod, so that the bottom elastic support assembly can move synchronously with the welding assembly along the bevel weld direction.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes two clamping plates that can move synchronously in opposite directions. The clamping plates are provided with an upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism. The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism is located on the side of the plate to be welded. The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism includes an upper and lower clamping component and a reverse gap stabilizing component. The upper and lower clamping component is used to clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the upper and lower clamping assembly includes a slide, a first driving component, a connecting plate, a clamp, and a side plate. The side plate is fixedly disposed at the end of the clamp and has a guide groove. The first driving component is disposed on the slide, and the connecting plate is disposed at the output end of the first driving component for driving the connecting plate to move. A round shaft is disposed on the connecting plate and is slidably disposed in the guide groove.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the reverse gap stabilizing assembly includes a side seat, a second driving component, and a fixed plate. The slide is slidably disposed within the side seat, the second driving component is disposed on the side seat, and the fixed plate is fixedly disposed on the slide.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanisms are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two plates to be welded. The driving direction of the reverse gap stabilizing components is opposite to the clamping direction of the clamping mechanism. After the clamping mechanism completes the bevel clamping and alignment of the two plates to be welded, the reverse gap stabilizing components are used to drive the upper and lower clamping components to apply a restricted reverse force to the plates to be welded.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-axis welding mechanism further includes a second linear drive assembly and a vertical linear drive assembly. The first linear drive assembly is disposed on the machine body and is disposed at the moving end of the second linear drive assembly. The vertical linear drive assembly is disposed at the moving end of the first linear drive assembly, and the welding assembly is disposed at the moving end of the vertical linear drive assembly.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping mechanism further includes a fixed seat, a gear, a rack, and a linear drive. The fixed seat is disposed on the machine body, the gear is rotatably disposed on the fixed seat, the rack meshes with the gear, the clamping plate is connected to the rack, and the linear drive is used to drive the rack to move relative to the fixed seat.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention, by setting up a follow-up pressure support mechanism, allows the bottom elastic support component and the top elastic clamping component to move synchronously with the welding component during laser welding. This reduces the problems of up-and-down floating and local sinking of the bevel root due to heat softening during laser welding, as well as the upward warping, thermal bulging, or angular deformation of the upper edge of the bevel due to heat. This ensures that the bevel root and the bevel sidewall maintain a relatively stable relative position during welding, reducing the impact of unstable root penetration, incomplete fusion of the sidewall, and uneven filling of the weld cross-section on the effective fusion area, thereby improving the weld formation quality of laser welding of medium and thick steel plates.

[0022] This invention, by setting up an upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism, allows the upper and lower surfaces of the plates to be welded to be clamped by the upper and lower clamping components after the clamping mechanism clamps and aligns the bevels of the two plates to be welded. The reverse gap stabilizing component drives the upper and lower clamping components to move in a restricted direction away from the center of the bevel, so that the plates to be welded have a reverse movement tendency away from the center of the bevel. This counteracts the tendency of the bevel root to become smaller due to continuous clamping by the clamping plates under the high temperature softening state of the laser. It reduces the problem of the laser beam being unable to enter the bevel root and the molten metal being unable to fully fill the root area due to local closure or excessive narrowness of the bevel root gap, and further improves the welding stability in the laser welding process of medium and thick steel plates. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the top elastic clamping component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the multi-axis welding mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 100, plate to be welded; 1, machine body; 2, multi-axis welding mechanism; 21, linear drive assembly one; 22, linear drive assembly two; 23, vertical linear drive assembly; 24, welding assembly; 3, clamping mechanism; 31, fixed seat; 32, gear; 33, rack; 34, clamping plate; 35, linear drive component; 4, follow-up pressure support mechanism; 41, bottom elastic support assembly; 411, base; 412, support seat; 4121, weld seam forming clearance groove; 413, elastic component. 1. Top elastic clamping assembly; 421. Fixed seat; 422. Pressure plate; 4221. Rectangular opening; 423. Elastic component 2; 43. Connecting rod; 5. Upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism; 51. Upper and lower clamping assembly; 511. Slide seat; 512. Drive component 1; 513. Connecting plate; 5131. Round shaft; 514. Fixture; 515. Side plate; 5151. Guide groove; 52. Reverse gap stabilizing assembly; 521. Side seat; 522. Drive component 2; 523. Fixed plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0033] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 , Figure 2 A laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates includes: a machine body 1, a multi-axis welding mechanism 2, a clamping mechanism 3, and a follow-up pressure support mechanism 4.

[0034] The multi-axis welding mechanism 2 is mounted on the machine body 1. The multi-axis welding mechanism 2 includes a welding assembly 24. The multi-axis welding mechanism 2 is used to drive the welding assembly 24 to move along the bevel weld direction of the plate to be welded 100.

[0035] The clamping mechanism 3 is mounted on the machine body 1 and is used to clamp and align the two plates 100 to be welded from both sides of the plate 100 to be welded, so that the bevels of the two plates 100 to be welded form a butt joint.

[0036] The follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 is located near the welding assembly 24 and can move synchronously with the welding assembly 24 along the bevel weld direction;

[0037] The follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 includes a bottom elastic support component 41 and a top elastic pressing component 42. The bottom elastic support component 41 is located below the plate to be welded 100 and is used to provide elastic support to the bottom area of ​​the plate to be welded 100 near the root of the bevel. The top elastic pressing component 42 is located above the plate to be welded 100 and is used to provide elastic pressing to the upper surface area of ​​the plate to be welded 100 near the upper opening of the bevel.

[0038] The bottom elastic support component 41 and the top elastic clamping component 42 respectively clamp the bevel area near the current welding position of the welding component 24 from the upper and lower sides of the plate to be welded 100, so as to limit the relative position change of the bevel root and the bevel sidewall under the heat of laser welding.

[0039] It should be noted that the welding assembly 24 can be a laser welding head, used to perform laser welding on the bevel joint of the two plates 100 to be welded. The clamping mechanism 3 can adopt a structure such as cylinder clamping, electric push rod clamping, hydraulic cylinder clamping, screw clamping, etc., as long as it can push the two plates 100 to be welded 100 closer to each other from the outside and make the bevels of the two plates 100 to be welded form a predetermined joint state.

[0040] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: First, two plates 100 with bevels are placed on the welding station of the machine body 1, with the bevels of the two plates 100 facing each other, and a bevel root gap suitable for laser welding is reserved. Then, the clamping mechanism 3 clamps and aligns the two plates 100 from the outside, so that the bevels of the two plates 100 are in a butt joint state. After the bevel alignment is completed, the multi-axis welding mechanism 2 drives the welding assembly 24 to move to the starting position of the bevel weld. At the same time, the follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 is positioned near the welding assembly 24, so that the bottom elastic support assembly 41 corresponds to the bottom area of ​​the plate 100 near the root of the bevel, and the top elastic pressing assembly 42 corresponds to the upper surface area of ​​the plate 100 near the upper edge of the bevel. During the welding process, The multi-axis welding mechanism 2 drives the welding assembly 24 to move along the bevel weld direction and perform laser welding. The follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 moves synchronously along the bevel weld direction. At this time, the bottom elastic support assembly 41 continuously provides elastic support to the bottom area of ​​the bevel root near the current welding position of the welding assembly 24, and the top elastic pressing assembly 42 continuously provides elastic pressing to the upper surface area of ​​the bevel near the current welding position. Since the heat is concentrated on the bevel root and bevel sidewall during laser welding, the area near the bevel is prone to local thermal softening, slight uplift, thermal bulge or relative position change. The follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 can always follow the welding assembly 24 and act near the welding position where the heat is most obvious, so that the position remains stable, improving the forming quality and effective fusion area of ​​the bevel weld of medium and thick steel plate.

[0041] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 2 , Figure 3 The bottom elastic support assembly 41 includes a base 411, a support seat 412, and an elastic element 413. The support seat 412 is slidably disposed on the base 411 through the elastic element 413. The support seat 412 is used to elastically support the bottom of the plate to be welded 100 under the action of the elastic element 413. The support seat 412 is provided with a weld forming clearance groove 4121, which corresponds to the center position of the weld of the two plates to be welded 100. The weld forming clearance groove 4121 is used to form a support area for supporting the bottom of the plate to be welded 100.

[0042] It should be noted that the elastic element 413 can be a compression spring, disc spring, rubber elastic block, nitrogen spring or other elastic structure that can generate elastic restoring force. The two sides of the weld forming relief groove 4121 form a support area. The support area is used to support the bottom area of ​​the two plates to be welded 100 near the root of the bevel. With this setting, the bottom areas on both sides of the bevel can be elastically supported without directly pressing the root of the weld or affecting the bevel root forming.

[0043] It should also be noted that after the two plates 100 to be welded are clamped and aligned by the clamping mechanism 3, the multi-axis welding mechanism 2 moves the welding assembly 24 to the starting position of the bevel weld. At the same time, the bottom elastic support assembly 41 moves with the welding assembly 24 to below the current welding position, so that the support seat 412 is located near the root of the bevel of the two plates 100 to be welded. At this time, the support seat 412 elastically abuts against the bottom of the plate 100 to be welded under the action of the elastic element 413. The weld forming clearance groove 4121 corresponds to the center position of the weld of the two plates 100 to be welded, so that the support seat 412 does not directly abut against the root of the weld, but supports the bottom area of ​​the two plates 100 near the root of the bevel through the supporting areas on both sides of the weld forming clearance groove 4121. During the welding process, the welding assembly 24 moves along the direction of the bevel weld, and the bottom elastic support assembly 41 moves synchronously, and always provides elastic support to the bottom area of ​​the bevel near the current welding position. When the root of the bevel softens or sinks due to the heat of the laser, the support 412 can provide an upward support force under the action of the elastic element 413 to reduce the sinking or position fluctuation of the root of the bevel. When there is a slight height change at the bottom of the plate to be welded 100, the support 412 can float elastically relative to the base 411 to avoid rigidly pressing the plate to be welded 100. Therefore, the bottom elastic support component 41 can provide stable support to the area near the root of the bevel and avoid the formation position of the weld root during the welding process, thereby improving the stability of the weld root formation.

[0044] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 3The top elastic clamping assembly 42 includes a connecting seat 421, a pressure plate 422, and an elastic element 423. The connecting seat 421 is fixedly installed at the welding installation position adjacent to the welding assembly 24 and can move synchronously with the welding assembly 24 along the direction of the bevel weld. The pressure plate 422 is set below the connecting seat 421 through the elastic element 423. The pressure plate 422 is used to press against the upper surface area of ​​the two plates 100 to be welded near the upper edge of the bevel, and to limit the upper edge of the bevel from warping, thermal bulging, or angular deformation caused by heat. The pressure plate 422 has a rectangular opening 4221, which is set corresponding to the welding action area of ​​the welding assembly 24. It is used to avoid the welding action position of the welding assembly 24 while pressing the upper surface of the plate 100 to be welded by the pressure plate 422, and always corresponds to the bevel root area near the current welding position of the welding assembly 24.

[0045] It should be noted that the elastic element 423 can be a compression spring, disc spring, rubber elastic column, elastic pad, or nitrogen spring, etc., which have an elastic restoring function. After the two plates 100 to be welded are clamped and aligned by the clamping mechanism 3, the multi-axis welding mechanism 2 drives the welding assembly 24 to move to the starting position of the bevel weld. At the same time, the connecting seat 421 moves with the welding assembly 24, so that the pressure plate 422 is located near the upper edge of the bevel of the two plates 100 to be welded. At this time, the pressure plate 422 is pressed down against the upper surface area of ​​the plate 100 to be welded under the action of the elastic element 423. The rectangular opening 4221 is aligned with the upper surface area of ​​the plate 100 to be welded. The welding assembly 24 is positioned such that it can weld the bevel weld through the rectangular opening 4221. During welding, the welding assembly 24 moves along the bevel weld direction, and the top elastic clamping assembly 42 moves synchronously with the welding. The pressure plate 422 continuously presses against the area near the upper edge of the bevel near the current welding position. When the area near the upper edge of the bevel shows a slight upward warping, thermal bulging, or angular deformation tendency due to the heat of laser welding, the pressure plate 422 restricts this area through the downward elastic pressure provided by the elastic element 423, keeping the relative posture of the upper edge of the bevel and the sidewall of the bevel stable. Since the pressure plate 422 is elastically clamped, rather than rigidly pressing the plate 100 to be welded, when there are slight height changes or slight deformations on the surface of the plate 100 to be welded due to heat, the pressure plate 422 can adaptively float under the action of the elastic element 423. This maintains the clamping effect on the area near the upper edge of the bevel while avoiding excessive clamping of the plate 100 to be welded, thus improving the stability of the bevel weld formation.

[0046] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 1The multi-axis welding mechanism 2 includes a linear drive assembly 21 and a welding assembly 24 disposed on the linear drive assembly 21. The follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 also includes a connecting rod 43. The bottom elastic support assembly 41 is fixedly connected to the linear drive assembly 21 through the connecting rod 43, so that the bottom elastic support assembly 41 can move synchronously with the welding assembly 24 along the bevel weld direction.

[0047] In the above technical solution, by having the bottom elastic support component 41 and the top elastic clamping component 42 in the follow-up pressure support mechanism 4 move synchronously with the welding component 24, the root and upper edge of the bevel near the current welding position can be elastically clamped, thereby reducing the local deformation of the root and sidewall of the bevel caused by the heat of laser welding. However, in the actual welding process of medium and thick steel plates, in order to avoid the two plates 100 to be welded from being misaligned laterally during the welding process, the clamping plate 34 in the clamping mechanism 3 usually needs to continuously apply a clamping force towards the center of the bevel to the two plates 100 to be welded. However, the root and sidewall of the bevel will undergo local thermal softening under the high temperature of the laser, and its compressive deformation resistance will decrease. At this time, the continuous inward clamping force can easily cause the pre-reserved space to be damaged. The gap at the root of the bevel is compressed, and may even close in some places. This makes it difficult for the laser beam emitted by the welding assembly 24 to stably enter the root of the bevel, and the molten metal is also difficult to fully fill the root area. This ultimately leads to problems such as incomplete root penetration, insufficient root filling, discontinuity of the lower section of the weld, and a reduction in the effective fusion area. To address this, the present invention also proposes an upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5. After the clamping mechanism 3 completes the bevel clamping and alignment of the two plates 100 to be welded, the upper and lower surfaces of the plates 100 to be welded are clamped by the upper and lower clamping assembly 51, and the reverse gap stabilizing assembly 52 applies a restricted reverse force away from the center of the bevel to the plates 100 to counteract the tendency of the continuous clamping force to compress the gap at the root of the bevel under the softened state at high temperature.

[0048] For details, please refer to the instruction manual appendix. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The clamping mechanism 3 includes two clamping plates 34 that can move synchronously in opposite directions. The clamping plates 34 are provided with an upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5. The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5 is located on the side of the plate to be welded 100. The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5 includes an upper and lower clamping component 51 and a reverse gap stabilizing component 52. The upper and lower clamping component 51 is used to clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded 100. The reverse gap stabilizing component 52 is used to drive the upper and lower clamping component 51 to move in a restricted direction away from the center of the bevel after the clamping mechanism 3 clamps and aligns the bevels of the two plates to be welded 100, so that the plate to be welded 100 has a reverse movement tendency away from the center of the bevel, and is used to maintain the reserved gap at the root of the bevel between the two plates to be welded 100.

[0049] It should be noted that, firstly, two plates 100 to be welded are placed on the welding station of the machine body 1, with their bevels facing each other. Then, the clamping mechanism 3 drives two clamping plates 34 to move synchronously in opposite directions, causing the two clamping plates 34 to move from the outside of the two plates 100 towards the center of the bevel, thereby clamping the two plates 100 and forming a predetermined butt joint between the bevels. Since the upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5 is installed on the clamping plates 34, as the clamping plates 34 approach the plates 100, the upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5 also moves to the side of the plates 100. After the bevels of the two plates 100 are clamped and aligned, the upper and lower clamping components 51 can clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the plates 100 respectively, thus forming a gap between the upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5 and the plates 100. A relatively stable clamping connection is established, and then the reverse gap stabilizing component 52 drives the upper and lower clamping components 51 to move in a restricted direction away from the center of the groove. Since the upper and lower clamping components 51 have clamped the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded 100, this restricted movement can be transmitted to the plate to be welded 100, so that the plate to be welded 100 has a reverse movement tendency away from the center of the groove. During the welding process, when the root of the groove and the sidewall of the groove are subjected to laser heat and local thermal softening occurs, this reverse movement tendency can counteract the tendency of the reserved gap at the root of the groove to become smaller due to the continuous clamping of the clamping plate 34, and avoid the root of the groove being pressed too narrow or partially closed. This is conducive to the laser beam of the welding component 24 entering the root of the groove stably, and allows the molten metal to fill the root area of ​​the groove more fully, reducing the problems of incomplete root penetration, insufficient root filling, and reduced effective fusion area at the bottom of the weld.

[0050] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 6 The upper and lower clamping assembly 51 includes a slide 511, a drive component 512, a connecting plate 513, a clamp 514, and a side plate 515. The side plate 515 is fixedly disposed at the end of the clamp 514, and a guide groove 5151 is provided on the side plate 515. The drive component 512 is disposed on the slide 511, and the connecting plate 513 is disposed at the output end of the drive component 512 for driving the connecting plate 513 to move. A round shaft 5131 is disposed on the connecting plate 513, and the round shaft 5131 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 5151. The upper and lower clamping assembly 51 drives the clamp 514 to clamp or release the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded 100 through the cooperation of the round shaft 5131 and the guide groove 5151.

[0051] It should be noted that the drive component 512 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder or a linear motor, preferably a cylinder. When the upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism 5 moves to the side of the plate to be welded 100, the drive component 512 drives the connecting plate 513 to move forward. The connecting plate 513 drives the round shaft 5131 to slide in the guide groove 5151. The round shaft 5131 pushes the side plate 515 to move, thereby driving the clamp 514 to gradually close, so that the clamp 514 clamps the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded 100.

[0052] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 6 The reverse gap stabilizing assembly 52 includes a side seat 521, a second driving component 522, and a fixed plate 523. The slide 511 is slidably disposed in the side seat 521, the second driving component 522 is disposed on the side seat 521, and the fixed plate 523 is fixedly disposed on the slide 511. The second driving component 522 is used to drive the fixed plate 523 to move, and through the fixed plate 523, it drives the upper and lower clamping assemblies 51 to move in a restricted direction away from the center of the bevel, so that the plate to be welded 100 held by the clamp 514 will have a reverse movement tendency away from the center of the bevel.

[0053] It should be noted that the second driving component 522 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, or a servo screw module. It is preferred to use an electric push rod or a cylinder. After the upper and lower clamping components 51 clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded 100, the second driving component 522 moves and pushes the fixed plate 523 to move. The fixed plate 523 drives the slide 511 to slide in the side seat 521. Since the upper and lower clamping components 51 are set on the slide 511, the movement of the slide 511 can drive the upper and lower clamping components 51 to move synchronously. By controlling the second driving component 522, the plate to be welded 100 held by the clamp 514 can generate a reverse movement tendency away from the center of the bevel, thereby cooperating with the clamp 514 to form a reverse stabilizing effect on the plate to be welded 100.

[0054] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 6 The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanisms 5 are respectively set on the outer sides of the two plates 100 to be welded. The driving direction of the reverse gap stabilizing component 52 is opposite to the clamping direction of the clamping mechanism 3. After the clamping mechanism 3 completes the bevel clamping and alignment of the two plates 100 to be welded, the reverse gap stabilizing component 52 is used to drive the upper and lower clamping components 51 to apply a restricted reverse force to the plates 100 to be welded, so that the reserved gap at the root of the bevel of the two plates 100 to be welded is kept within a predetermined range during the laser welding process.

[0055] It should be noted that the clamping mechanism 3 first drives the two clamping plates 34 to move closer to each other, so that the bevels of the two plates 100 to be welded are clamped and aligned. Then, the two upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanisms 5 respectively clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the corresponding plates 100 to be welded. Before or during welding, the two reverse gap stabilizing components 52 cause the plates 100 to be welded held by the clamp 514 to have a reverse movement tendency away from the center of the bevel, thereby applying restricted reverse forces in opposite directions to the two plates 100 to be welded. This can keep the reserved gap at the root of the bevel of the two plates 100 to be welded within a predetermined range during laser welding without damaging the bevel butt joint state.

[0056] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 7 The multi-axis welding mechanism 2 also includes a second linear drive assembly 22 and a vertical linear drive assembly 23. A first linear drive assembly 21 is mounted on the machine body 1. The first linear drive assembly 21 is mounted at the moving end of the second linear drive assembly 22. The vertical linear drive assembly 23 is mounted at the moving end of the first linear drive assembly 21. The welding assembly 24 is mounted at the moving end of the vertical linear drive assembly 23. The first linear drive assembly 21, the second linear drive assembly 22, and the vertical linear drive assembly 23 cooperate to drive the welding assembly 24 to the welding position relative to the plate to be welded 100.

[0057] It should be noted that linear drive assembly 21, linear drive assembly 22, and vertical linear drive assembly 23 can all adopt linear drive structures such as linear motors, lead screw slides, synchronous belt modules, cylinders, or hydraulic cylinders. Linear drive assembly 21 is mainly used to drive the vertical linear drive assembly 23 to move in a horizontal direction. Linear drive assembly 22 is mainly used to drive the vertical linear drive assembly 23 to move along the direction of the bevel weld. The vertical linear drive assembly 23 is used to drive the welding assembly 24 to move up and down to adjust the welding distance between the welding assembly 24 and the plate 100 to be welded. The welding assembly 24 can use a laser welding head, and the laser welding head can be fixed to the moving end of the vertical linear drive assembly 23 by a mounting plate.

[0058] Further, please refer to the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 8 The clamping mechanism 3 also includes a fixed base 31, a gear 32, a rack 33, and a linear drive 35. The fixed base 31 is mounted on the machine body 1, the gear 32 is rotatably mounted on the fixed base 31, the rack 33 meshes with the gear 32, the clamping plate 34 is connected to the rack 33, and the linear drive 35 is used to drive the rack 33 to move relative to the fixed base 31, and to drive the clamping plate 34 to move closer to or away from the plate to be welded 100 through the rack 33, so as to realize the bevel clamping and alignment of the two plates to be welded 100.

[0059] It should be noted that the linear drive component 35 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor, preferably a cylinder or an electric push rod. When the two plates to be welded 100 are placed on the welding station on the machine body 1, the linear drive component 35 drives the rack 33 to move. The rack 33 drives the clamping plate 34 to move closer to the plate to be welded 100. At the same time, the rack 33 drives the corresponding rack 33 on the other side to move in the opposite direction through the gear 32, so that the clamping plates 34 on both sides move closer to the two plates to be welded 100 at the same time and clamp the plates to be welded 100 from both sides, so that the bevels of the two plates to be welded 100 form a butt joint.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding equipment for producing medium-thick steel plates, characterized in that, include: The machine body (1), the multi-axis welding mechanism (2), the clamping mechanism (3), and the follow-up pressure support mechanism (4); The multi-axis welding mechanism (2) is mounted on the machine body (1). The multi-axis welding mechanism (2) includes a welding assembly (24). The multi-axis welding mechanism (2) is used to drive the welding assembly (24) to move along the bevel weld direction of the plate to be welded (100). The clamping mechanism (3) is set on the machine body (1) and is used to clamp and align the two plates to be welded (100) from both sides of the plate to be welded (100) so that the bevels of the two plates to be welded (100) form a butt joint. The follow-up pressure support mechanism (4) is located near the welding assembly (24) and can move synchronously with the welding assembly (24) along the bevel weld direction; The follow-up pressure support mechanism (4) includes a bottom elastic support component (41) and a top elastic pressing component (42). The bottom elastic support component (41) is located below the plate to be welded (100) and is used to provide elastic support to the bottom area of ​​the plate to be welded (100) near the root of the bevel. The top elastic pressing component (42) is located above the plate to be welded (100) and is used to provide elastic pressing to the upper surface area of ​​the plate to be welded (100) near the upper opening of the bevel.

2. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom elastic support assembly (41) includes a base (411), a support seat (412), and an elastic element (413). The support seat (412) is slidably mounted on the base (411) via the elastic element (413). The support seat (412) is used to elastically support the bottom of the plate to be welded (100) under the action of the elastic element (413). The support seat (412) is provided with a weld forming clearance groove (4121), which corresponds to the center position of the weld of the two plates to be welded (100).

3. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top elastic clamping assembly (42) includes a connecting seat (421), a pressure plate (422), and an elastic element (423). The connecting seat (421) is fixedly installed at the welding installation position adjacent to the welding assembly (24) and can move synchronously with the welding assembly (24) along the direction of the bevel weld. The pressure plate (422) is set below the connecting seat (421) through the elastic element (423). The pressure plate (422) is used to press against the upper surface area of ​​the two plates (100) to be welded near the upper opening of the bevel. The pressure plate (422) has a rectangular opening (4221). The rectangular opening (4221) is set corresponding to the welding action area of ​​the welding assembly (24) and is used to avoid the welding action position of the welding assembly (24) while pressing the upper surface of the plate (100) to be welded by the pressure plate (422).

4. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-axis welding mechanism (2) includes a linear drive assembly (21) and a welding assembly (24) disposed on the linear drive assembly (21). The follow-up pressure support mechanism (4) also includes a connecting rod (43). The bottom elastic support assembly (41) is fixedly connected to the linear drive assembly (21) through the connecting rod (43) to enable the bottom elastic support assembly (41) to move synchronously with the welding assembly (24) along the bevel weld direction.

5. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (3) includes two clamping plates (34) that can move synchronously in opposite directions. The clamping plates (34) are provided with an upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism (5). The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism (5) is located on the side of the plate to be welded (100). The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism (5) includes an upper and lower clamping assembly (51) and a reverse gap stabilizing assembly (52). The upper and lower clamping assembly (51) is used to clamp the upper and lower surfaces of the plate to be welded (100).

6. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower clamping assembly (51) includes a slide (511), a drive component (512), a connecting plate (513), a clamp (514), and a side plate (515). The side plate (515) is fixedly disposed at the end of the clamp (514), and a guide groove (5151) is provided on the side plate (515). The drive component (512) is disposed on the slide (511), and the connecting plate (513) is disposed at the output end of the drive component (512) for driving the connecting plate (513) to move. A round shaft (5131) is provided on the connecting plate (513), and the round shaft (5131) is slidably disposed in the guide groove (5151).

7. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reverse gap stabilizing assembly (52) includes a side seat (521), a second driving component (522), and a fixing plate (523). The slide (511) is slidably disposed in the side seat (521), the second driving component (522) is disposed on the side seat (521), and the fixing plate (523) is fixedly disposed on the slide (511).

8. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower clamping reverse gap stabilizing mechanism (5) is respectively set on the outer side of the two plates to be welded (100). The driving direction of the reverse gap stabilizing component (52) is opposite to the clamping direction of the clamping mechanism (3). After the clamping mechanism (3) completes the bevel clamping alignment of the two plates to be welded (100), the reverse gap stabilizing component (52) is used to drive the upper and lower clamping component (51) to apply a restricted reverse force to the plates to be welded (100).

9. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-axis welding mechanism (2) further includes a second linear drive assembly (22) and a vertical linear drive assembly (23). The first linear drive assembly (21) is mounted on the body (1). The first linear drive assembly (21) is mounted on the moving end of the second linear drive assembly (22). The vertical linear drive assembly (23) is mounted on the moving end of the first linear drive assembly (21). The welding assembly (24) is mounted on the moving end of the vertical linear drive assembly (23).

10. The laser welding equipment for producing medium and heavy steel plates according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (3) further includes a fixed seat (31), a gear (32), a rack (33), and a linear drive (35). The fixed seat (31) is mounted on the machine body (1). The gear (32) is rotatably mounted on the fixed seat (31). The rack (33) meshes with the gear (32). The clamping plate (34) is connected to the rack (33). The linear drive (35) is used to drive the rack (33) to move relative to the fixed seat (31).

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