Lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, preparation method and application thereof
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611510677.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-09-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing inorganic thermal insulation mortar materials have high thermal conductivity, low strength, are prone to cracking, are difficult to construct, and have poor thermal insulation performance when used in humid environments.
Using cement, insulating aggregate, quartz sand and fiber aggregate as the main raw materials, combined with reinforcing agents, binders and stabilizers, a multi-layer closed-cell structure and fiber-reinforced network are constructed to improve thermal insulation performance and mechanical strength, and improve construction performance.
It achieves low thermal conductivity and high-strength insulation performance, reduces construction difficulty and engineering quality problems, and ensures the stability of long-term insulation effect.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, and in particular to a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology
[0002] Building energy consumption accounts for an increasingly large proportion of my country's total energy consumption, with heat loss from walls accounting for approximately 60% of building energy consumption. The most direct way to reduce wall heat loss is to adopt thermal insulation systems with good thermal insulation performance. Traditional building external insulation systems mainly use organic insulation materials such as polystyrene boards and extruded polystyrene boards. These materials have low density and good insulation performance, but they are flammable, posing a significant fire hazard, and releasing large amounts of toxic fumes when burning, causing environmental pollution.
[0003] In recent years, the construction industry has strengthened its requirements for exterior wall insulation materials, and inorganic thermal insulation mortar materials have gradually gained popularity. However, inorganic thermal insulation mortar materials also have significant shortcomings. Existing inorganic thermal insulation mortar materials mainly use vitrified microspheres or expanded perlite as the main raw materials. However, vitrified microspheres or perlite thermal insulation mortars have high thermal conductivity, requiring a thicker insulation layer to meet energy-saving requirements, thus increasing the building load and construction difficulty. Moreover, due to the low strength and high water absorption of these lightweight aggregates, the strength of the thermal insulation mortar materials prepared from them is relatively low, making them prone to problems such as hollowing and cracking. Furthermore, their use in humid environments can affect the thermal insulation effect and structural safety of the mortar materials.
[0004] Therefore, developing a thermal insulation mortar material with excellent thermal insulation performance, high strength, simple construction, and safety and reliability is of great practical significance for the development of thermal insulation materials in the construction field. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, its preparation method, and its application. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material is prepared using cement and binder as cementitious materials; thermal insulation aggregate, quartz sand, and fiber aggregate as filler aggregate and main functional raw materials; and reinforcing agent, water-reducing agent, and stabilizer as additives. The present invention utilizes the synergistic effect of each raw material component to give the resulting lightweight thermal insulation mortar material excellent thermal insulation performance and high mechanical strength. Furthermore, the raw material components used are safe and reliable, and the material has high workability. The present invention effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts cement, 60-70 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 20-30 parts quartz sand, 5-10 parts fiber aggregate, 5-10 parts reinforcing agent, 1-5 parts binder, 1-3 parts water-reducing agent and 0.5-2 parts stabilizer; The thermal insulation aggregate includes silica aerogel particles, expanded vitrified microspheres, and zirconia hollow spheres with a surface coated with transition metal oxides. The fiber aggregate includes chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers.
[0007] Compared to existing technologies, the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material provided by this invention comprises cement, thermal insulation aggregate, quartz sand, fiber aggregate, reinforcing agent, binder, water-reducing agent, and stabilizer. Cement and binder are cementitious materials; thermal insulation aggregate, quartz sand, and fiber aggregate are filler aggregates and main functional raw materials. The silica aerogel particles in the thermal insulation aggregate have low thermal conductivity and, together with expanded vitrified microspheres and zirconia hollow spheres coated with transition metal oxides, construct a multi-layered closed-cell structure, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity of the mortar material. The expanded vitrified microspheres are formed by the high-temperature expansion of glass microparticles, containing a closed-cell structure with low thermal conductivity. They can fill large pores and form a gradation with the silica aerogel particles and zirconia hollow spheres coated with transition metal oxides, thus achieving a good design density without increasing cement content and improving the thermal insulation performance of the mortar material. Zirconia hollow spheres coated with transition metal oxides retain the lightweight, high-temperature resistance, and low thermal conductivity of zirconia hollow spheres. Simultaneously, the high emissivity of the transition metal oxides enhances the absorption and re-radiation of radiant heat, thereby reducing the overall thermal conductivity of the material and assisting the mortar material in achieving excellent thermal insulation performance. More importantly, the raw material components in the insulating aggregate used in this invention are all lightweight inorganic materials, maintaining excellent thermal stability even at high temperatures.
[0008] Short-cut wood fibers and short-cut basalt fibers, as fiber aggregates in lightweight thermal insulation mortar, reduce the bulk density and effective thermal conductivity of the mortar by constructing multi-scale closed air gaps and tortuous heat transfer paths within the mortar through their own morphology. On the other hand, they form a uniformly distributed fiber-reinforced network in the cement matrix, which bridges and passivates microcracks, significantly improving the tensile, flexural strength, and crack resistance of the mortar. At the same time, they improve the cohesiveness and anti-sagging properties of fresh mortar, giving the resulting lightweight thermal insulation mortar excellent thermal insulation performance as well as good mechanical and construction properties.
[0009] This invention introduces reinforcing agents, binders, water-reducing agents, and stabilizers. These additives, at the microscale, respectively perform functions such as fiber reinforcement, interfacial thickening, particle dispersion, reducing the water-cement ratio, and stabilizing the system. This results in a mortar material that, while maintaining low density and low thermal conductivity, significantly improves compressive and flexural strength and crack resistance, enhances adhesion to the substrate, and possesses excellent workability. It also reduces engineering quality problems such as hollowing, cracking, and detachment, ensuring the long-term safety and stable insulation effect of the insulation layer. Utilizing the synergistic effect of the various raw material components, the resulting lightweight thermal insulation mortar material exhibits excellent thermal insulation performance, high mechanical strength, and good workability, effectively solving the problems of poor thermal insulation performance, low strength, and poor workability in existing thermal insulation mortar materials.
[0010] Preferably, the thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components in weight percentage: 20%-40% silica aerogel particles, 40%-50% expanded vitrified microspheres and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres with a surface coated with transition metal oxides; wherein the transition metal oxides are any one or more of manganese dioxide, cobalt oxide or vanadium oxide.
[0011] More preferably, the porosity of the silica aerogel particles is ≥60%, and the particle size is 50-150μm.
[0012] More preferably, the bulk density of the expanded vitrified microspheres is 100-120 kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 100-300μm.
[0013] More preferably, the thickness of the surface coating layer in the zirconium oxide hollow sphere coated with transition metal oxide is 10-20 nm.
[0014] Preferably, the fiber aggregate is chopped wood fiber and chopped basalt fiber in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:1.
[0015] More preferably, the length of the chopped wood fibers is 0.5-1 mm.
[0016] More preferably, the length of the chopped basalt fiber is 0.2-0.5 mm.
[0017] Preferably, the method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with the surface coated with transition metal oxides includes the following steps: S1. The hollow zirconia spheres are ball-milled and activated by alkaline solution pretreatment, then immersed in an alcohol solution of silane coupling agent, and the solid and liquid are separated to obtain the pretreated hollow zirconia spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres are added to a transition metal salt solution, a precipitant is added, and precipitation and coating are carried out at 80-90℃. Solid-liquid separation, washing, and drying are performed to obtain the precursor. The transition metal salt solution is any one or more of saturated soluble manganese salt, saturated soluble cobalt salt, or saturated soluble vanadium salt.
[0018] S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is calcined at 450-650°C to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with the surface coated with transition metal oxides.
[0019] More preferably, in S1, the ball mill rotation speed is 800-1200 rpm, the ball milling time is 2-3 hours, and the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1-10:1.
[0020] More preferably, in S1, the particle size of the ball-milled zirconia hollow spheres is 10-50 μm.
[0021] More preferably, in S1, the activation time of the alkaline solution pretreatment is 3-5 minutes.
[0022] More preferably, in S1, the alkaline solution is a 0.1-0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.
[0023] More preferably, in S1, the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent in the alcohol solution of the silane coupling agent is 40%-50%.
[0024] More preferably, in S2, the mass-to-volume ratio of the zirconium oxide hollow spheres to the transition metal salt solution is 1g:2mL-1g:3mL.
[0025] More preferably, in S2, the precipitant is an ammonium carbonate solution with a concentration of 1-2 mol / L.
[0026] More preferably, in S2, the amount of precipitant added is 10%-15% of the volume of the transition metal salt solution.
[0027] More preferably, in S2, the precipitation coating time is 2-3 hours.
[0028] More preferably, in S3, the calcination time is 8-10 hours.
[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, in S3, the temperature is raised to 450-650℃ using a programmed temperature rise method, with a heating rate of 3-5℃ / min.
[0030] Preferably, the cement is silicate cement.
[0031] More preferably, the silicate cement is commercially available P.O42.5 type.
[0032] Preferably, the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.1-0.3 mm.
[0033] Preferably, the reinforcing agent is microsilica powder with a particle size of 50-100 nm.
[0034] Reinforcing agents can fill the pores of lightweight aggregates, significantly improve the tensile, flexural and impact resistance of mortar materials, inhibit shrinkage cracking, reduce the damage of cracks to the airtightness and durability of the insulation layer, and ensure long-term insulation effect.
[0035] Preferably, the binder is a redispersible latex powder.
[0036] More preferably, the redispersible latex powder is either EVA latex powder or VAE latex powder.
[0037] The adhesive can form a flexible film between the dispersed latex powder and cement hydration products, penetrating into the pores of the substrate to achieve mechanical bonding and improve the adhesive strength of the mortar material, significantly enhancing interfacial bond strength. Furthermore, the adhesive can effectively reduce the risk of microcracks at the interface developing into large cracks, improving the system's crack resistance and anti-cavitation performance. More importantly, the adhesive can reduce moisture intrusion and freeze-thaw cycle damage, which is beneficial for maintaining the long-term stability of the mortar's thermal insulation performance.
[0038] Preferably, the water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate-type water-reducing agent.
[0039] Preferably, the stabilizer is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether.
[0040] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aforementioned lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, comprising the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0041] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the aforementioned lightweight thermal insulation mortar material in the construction field.
[0042] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for using the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, comprising the following steps: mixing the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material agent with water at a water-to-material ratio of 1:0.4-1:0.6 and using it uniformly.
[0043] The water-to-material ratio is the mass ratio of water to the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0044] Through extensive experiments, this invention has shown that the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material obtained with this water-to-material ratio achieves the best performance.
[0045] In summary, the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material provided by this invention uses cement and binder as cementitious materials; thermal insulation aggregate, quartz sand, and fiber aggregate as filler aggregate and main functional raw materials; and reinforcing agent, water-reducing agent, and stabilizer as additives. This lightweight thermal insulation mortar material not only possesses excellent thermal insulation performance but also high mechanical strength and good workability, effectively solving the problems of poor thermal insulation performance, low strength, and poor workability of existing thermal insulation mortar materials. Detailed Implementation
[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0047] The silicate cement used in the following examples and comparative examples is commercially available P.O42.5 type silicate cement.
[0048] The latex powder, quartz sand, calcium carbonate, water-reducing agent, stabilizer, and dispersant used in the following examples and comparative examples are all commercially available materials.
[0049] Example 1 This embodiment provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 70 parts silicate cement, 65 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 25 parts quartz sand, 8 parts fiber aggregate, 8 parts microsilica powder, 3 parts EVA latex powder, 2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 1 part hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components by mass percentage: 30% silica aerogel particles, 45% expanded vitrified microspheres, and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide; wherein the silica aerogel particles have a porosity ≥60% and a particle size of 100μm; and the expanded vitrified microspheres have a bulk density of 110kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 150 μm.
[0050] The fiber aggregate consists of chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers in a 1:1 mass ratio.
[0051] The quartz sand has a particle size of 0.2 mm, and the microsilica powder has a particle size of 85 nm.
[0052] The method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide includes the following steps: S1. 50g of zirconia hollow spheres are ball-milled at 1000rpm for 2.5h at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1. The zirconia hollow spheres are then pre-treated and activated in a 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 3min. They are then immersed in an ethanol solution with a silane coupling agent content of 45% by mass, mixed evenly, stirred for 30-50min, separated from solids, and dried to obtain pre-treated zirconia hollow spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres were added to 150 mL of saturated potassium permanganate solution at a mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 3 mL, and 15 mL of 2 mol / L ammonium carbonate solution was added. The mixture was precipitated and coated at 85 °C for 2 h. After solid-liquid separation, washing and drying, the precursor was obtained. S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is heated to 550°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 9 hours to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with manganese dioxide coating on the surface.
[0053] The preparation method of the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0054] Example 2 This embodiment provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 80 parts silicate cement, 60 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 30 parts quartz sand, 8 parts fiber aggregate, 8 parts microsilica powder, 3 parts EVA latex powder, 2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 1 part hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components by mass percentage: 30% silica aerogel particles, 45% expanded vitrified microspheres, and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide; wherein the silica aerogel particles have a porosity ≥60% and a particle size of 100μm; and the expanded vitrified microspheres have a bulk density of 100kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 150 μm.
[0055] The fiber aggregate consists of chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers in a mass ratio of 1:0.8.
[0056] The quartz sand has a particle size of 0.1 mm, and the microsilica powder has a particle size of 90 nm.
[0057] The method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide includes the following steps: S1. 50g of zirconia hollow spheres are ball-milled at 1200rpm for 3h at a ball-to-material ratio of 6:1. The zirconia hollow spheres are then pre-treated and activated in 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 3min. They are then immersed in an ethanol solution with a mass percentage of 40% silane coupling agent, mixed evenly, stirred for 30-50min, separated from solids, and dried to obtain pre-treated zirconia hollow spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres were added to 150 mL of saturated potassium permanganate solution at a mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 3 mL, and 15 mL of 2 mol / L ammonium carbonate solution was added. The mixture was precipitated and coated at 85 °C for 2 h. After solid-liquid separation, washing and drying, the precursor was obtained. S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is heated to 570°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 9 hours to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with manganese dioxide coating on the surface.
[0058] The preparation method of the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0059] Example 3 This embodiment provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 70 parts silicate cement, 70 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 30 parts quartz sand, 5 parts fiber aggregate, 10 parts microsilica powder, 3 parts EVA latex powder, 2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 1 part hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components by mass percentage: 30% silica aerogel particles, 45% expanded vitrified microspheres, and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide; wherein the silica aerogel particles have a porosity ≥60% and a particle size of 100μm; and the expanded vitrified microspheres have a bulk density of 110kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 150 μm.
[0060] The fiber aggregate consists of chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers in a 1:1 mass ratio.
[0061] The quartz sand has a particle size of 0.2 mm, and the microsilica powder has a particle size of 85 nm.
[0062] The method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide includes the following steps: S1. 50g of zirconia hollow spheres are ball-milled at 1000rpm for 2.5h at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1. The zirconia hollow spheres are then pre-treated and activated in a 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 3min. They are then immersed in an ethanol solution with a silane coupling agent content of 45% by mass, mixed evenly, stirred for 30-50min, separated from solids, and dried to obtain pre-treated zirconia hollow spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres were added to 150 mL of saturated potassium permanganate solution at a mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 3 mL, and 15 mL of 2 mol / L ammonium carbonate solution was added. The mixture was precipitated and coated at 80 °C for 2 h. After solid-liquid separation, washing and drying, the precursor was obtained. S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is heated to 580°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 9 hours to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with manganese dioxide coating on the surface.
[0063] The preparation method of the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0064] Example 4 This embodiment provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 80 parts silicate cement, 72 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 30 parts quartz sand, 5 parts fiber aggregate, 10 parts microsilica powder, 5 parts EVA latex powder, 2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 1 part hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components by mass percentage: 30% silica aerogel particles, 45% expanded vitrified microspheres, and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide; wherein the silica aerogel particles have a porosity ≥60% and a particle size of 100μm; and the expanded vitrified microspheres have a bulk density of 110kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 150 μm.
[0065] The fiber aggregate consists of chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers in a 1:1 mass ratio.
[0066] The quartz sand has a particle size of 0.3 mm, and the microsilica powder has a particle size of 70 nm.
[0067] The method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide includes the following steps: S1. 50g of zirconia hollow spheres are ball-milled at 900rpm for 3h at a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1. Then, the zirconia hollow spheres are pre-treated and activated in 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 5min. Then, they are immersed in ethanol solution with a mass percentage of 45% silane coupling agent, mixed evenly, stirred for 30-50min, separated from solids, and dried to obtain pre-treated zirconia hollow spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres were added to 150 mL of saturated potassium permanganate solution at a mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 3 mL, and 15 mL of 2 mol / L ammonium carbonate solution was added. The mixture was precipitated and coated at 85 °C for 2 h. After solid-liquid separation, washing and drying, the precursor was obtained. S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is heated to 600°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 8 hours to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with manganese dioxide coating on the surface.
[0068] The preparation method of the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0069] Example 5 This embodiment provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method, specifically including the following: The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 70 parts silicate cement, 60 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 30 parts quartz sand, 8 parts fiber aggregate, 10 parts microsilica powder, 3 parts EVA latex powder, 2 parts polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 1 part hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components by mass percentage: 30% silica aerogel particles, 45% expanded vitrified microspheres, and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide; wherein the silica aerogel particles have a porosity ≥60% and a particle size of 100μm; and the expanded vitrified microspheres have a bulk density of 110kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 150 μm.
[0070] The fiber aggregate consists of chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers in a 1:1 mass ratio.
[0071] The quartz sand has a particle size of 0.2 mm, and the microsilica powder has a particle size of 85 nm.
[0072] The method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres coated with manganese dioxide includes the following steps: S1. 50g of zirconia hollow spheres are ball-milled at 1000rpm for 2.5h at a ball-to-material ratio of 8:1. The zirconia hollow spheres are then pre-treated and activated in a 0.1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 3min. They are then immersed in an ethanol solution with a silane coupling agent content of 45% by mass, mixed evenly, stirred for 30-50min, separated from solids, and dried to obtain pre-treated zirconia hollow spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres were added to 150 mL of saturated potassium permanganate solution at a mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 3 mL, and 15 mL of 2 mol / L ammonium carbonate solution was added. The mixture was precipitated and coated at 85 °C for 2 h. After solid-liquid separation, washing and drying, the precursor was obtained. S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is heated to 550°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min and calcined for 9 hours to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with manganese dioxide coating on the surface.
[0073] The preparation method of the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
[0074] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method. The difference from Example 1 is that the thermal insulation aggregate is replaced with an equal amount of silica aerogel particles. Other components and processes remain unchanged and will not be described in detail here.
[0075] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method. The difference from Example 1 is that the thermal insulation aggregate is replaced with an equal amount of expanded vitrified microspheres. Other components and processes remain unchanged and will not be described in detail here.
[0076] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a lightweight thermal insulation mortar material and its preparation method. The difference from Example 1 is that the fiber aggregate is replaced with an equal amount of chopped wood fiber, while other components and processes remain unchanged, which will not be described in detail here.
[0077] To further demonstrate the technical effects of the present invention, the mortar materials obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested as follows: the compressive strength and flexural strength were tested according to the standard GB / T17671-2021, and the results are shown in Table 1; the thermal insulation performance of the mortar materials was tested according to the standard GB / T 20473-2021, and the results are shown in Table 2. Table 1 Test results of various mortar materials Table 2 Test results of thermal insulation performance of various mortar materials The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A lightweight thermal insulation mortar material, characterized in that, The raw material components include the following parts by weight: 60-80 parts cement, 60-70 parts thermal insulation aggregate, 20-30 parts quartz sand, 5-10 parts fiber aggregate, 5-10 parts reinforcing agent, 1-5 parts binder, 1-3 parts water-reducing agent and 0.5-2 parts stabilizer. The thermal insulation aggregate includes silica aerogel particles, expanded vitrified microspheres, and zirconia hollow spheres with a surface coated with transition metal oxides. The fiber aggregate includes chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers.
2. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation aggregate comprises the following raw material components in the following mass percentages: 20%-40% silica aerogel particles, 40%-50% expanded vitrified microspheres and the balance being zirconia hollow spheres with a surface coated with transition metal oxides; wherein the transition metal oxides are any one or more of manganese dioxide, cobalt oxide or vanadium oxide. The fiber aggregate consists of chopped wood fibers and chopped basalt fibers in a mass ratio of 1:0.5 to 1:
1.
3. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method for preparing the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with surface coated with transition metal oxides includes the following steps: S1. The hollow zirconia spheres are ball-milled and activated by alkaline solution pretreatment, then immersed in an alcohol solution of silane coupling agent, and the solid and liquid are separated to obtain the pretreated hollow zirconia spheres. S2. The pretreated zirconia hollow spheres are added to a transition metal salt solution, a precipitant is added, and precipitation and coating are carried out at 80-90℃. Solid-liquid separation, washing, and drying are performed to obtain the precursor. The transition metal salt solution is any one or more of saturated soluble manganese salt, saturated soluble cobalt salt, or saturated soluble vanadium salt. S3. Under a reducing atmosphere, the precursor is calcined at 450-650°C to obtain the zirconium oxide hollow spheres with the surface coated with transition metal oxides.
4. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In S1, the particle size of the ball-milled zirconia hollow spheres is 10-50 μm; In S1, the activation time for the alkaline solution pretreatment is 3-5 minutes; In S1, the mass percentage of the silane coupling agent in the alcohol solution of the silane coupling agent is 40%-50%.
5. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In S2, the mass-to-volume ratio of the zirconium oxide hollow spheres to the transition metal salt solution is 1g:2mL-1g:3mL; In S2, the precipitant is an ammonium carbonate solution with a concentration of 1-2 mol / L; In S2, the amount of the precipitant added is 10%-15% of the volume of the transition metal salt solution; In S2, the precipitation coating time is 2-3 hours.
6. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In S3, the calcination time is 8-10 hours; In S3, the temperature is raised to 450-650℃ using a programmed temperature rise method, with a heating rate of 3-5℃ / min.
7. The lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The reinforcing agent is microsilica powder with a particle size of 50-100μm; The binder is a redispersible latex powder; The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate-type water-reducing agent; The stabilizer is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether.
8. The method for preparing lightweight thermal insulation mortar material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Weigh each raw material component according to the design ratio, mix them evenly, and obtain the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material.
9. The application of the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in any one of claims 1-7 in the construction field.
10. The method of using the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing the lightweight thermal insulation mortar material with water at a water-to-material ratio of 1:0.4-1:0.6 and using it evenly.