A three-stage pressure regulating type drip irrigation method and device for globally balancing water and fertilizer concentration

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural water-saving irrigation technology, in particular to a three-stage pressure regulating type drip irrigation method and device with global balanced water and fertilizer concentration. It comprises a water source pressure stabilizing unit, a main trunk pipe, a sealed pressure stabilizing fertilizer storage tank, a static mixer, a main pipe pressure control valve and a partitioned trunk pipe pressure balance valve. The pressure connecting pipe synchronously conducts the pipe network water pressure to the upper air chamber of the sealed pressure stabilizing fertilizer storage tank, offsets the pressure difference caused by liquid level change, and realizes constant pressure and constant fertilizer absorption at the Venturi component; the fluid absorbing the fertilizer solution is uniformly sheared and mixed in the static mixer; then the main pipe pressure control valve locks the total pressure by force balance of the internal spring and diaphragm, the partitioned trunk pipe pressure balance valve compensates and regulates the pressure according to the resistance along the way and the terrain difference, and finally the non-pressure compensation drip irrigation belt at the end is discharged. The present application completes three-stage pressure regulation by pure hydraulic machinery, and solves the problems of water and fertilizer concentration imbalance in long distance drip irrigation in the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural water-saving irrigation technology, specifically to a three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method and device that achieves balanced water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation range. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural irrigation, integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation technology has been widely used. However, in long-distance, large-area field drip irrigation operations, how to ensure the uniform distribution of water volume and the consistency of water and fertilizer concentration throughout the entire pipeline network system has always been a practical engineering challenge faced by the industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, large-area drip irrigation systems typically face the following technical bottlenecks:

[0004] First, pressure attenuation along the pipeline network leads to uneven water output. During the transport of water through long-distance main and branch pipes, the combined effects of frictional resistance along the pipe walls and differences in field micro-topography often result in water pressure at the end of the network being significantly lower than at the beginning. This directly leads to a phenomenon where the water output is higher at the near end and lower at the far end. To solve this problem, the industry currently relies on laying pressure-compensating drip irrigation tape with built-in silicone diaphragms at the end of the field. However, this type of drip irrigation tape is expensive to manufacture, and its internal intricate labyrinthine channels are prone to physical or chemical blockage in water containing fertilizer and minute impurities, significantly increasing the initial investment and subsequent replacement costs for field planting.

[0005] Secondly, unstable fertilizer absorption pressure differentials lead to fluctuations in fertilizer concentration. Existing irrigation systems mostly use Venturi tubes for fertilizer absorption, and the absorption rate is highly dependent on the pressure difference before and after the Venturi tube and the hydrostatic pressure within the fertilizer storage tank. In conventional open or non-isobaric fertilizer storage tanks, as the fertilizer solution is gradually absorbed, the liquid level in the tank continuously decreases, causing changes in the hydrostatic pressure at the absorption port. Combined with the pulsating phenomenon of water pump output in the main pipeline, these two factors result in a constantly changing fertilizer absorption ratio in the Venturi tube. This leads to higher fertilizer concentrations in the early stages of irrigation and lower concentrations in the later stages, making it impossible to achieve a uniform concentration throughout the entire irrigation cycle and network.

[0006] Third, the system relies excessively on electrical control equipment, resulting in poor adaptability to field conditions. To overcome the fluctuations in water pressure and concentration, existing improvement solutions often incorporate a large amount of electric drive and automated sensing technology, such as constant-pressure variable frequency water pumps, electronic pressure sensors, electromagnetic proportional control valves, and forced-mixing fertilizer tanks with motor drives. While this approach can stabilize water pressure and water-fertilizer ratios to some extent, it is expensive and heavily dependent on a stable agricultural power grid. In many remote field environments, wired power supply is extremely costly or even impossible; simultaneously, the delicate electronic components and sensors have a very high failure rate under harsh field conditions of high humidity, dust, direct sunlight, and susceptibility to lightning strikes, making it impossible for ordinary farmers to troubleshoot and repair them themselves.

[0007] In addition, most existing water and fertilizer mixing devices use dynamic stirring (with rotating blades and motors), which not only increases energy consumption, but also easily causes mechanical wear and water leakage problems at the rotating bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method and device that achieves uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation range, in order to solve the problems of uneven water output and fluctuations in water and fertilizer concentration in existing long-distance drip irrigation systems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the present invention provides a three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation range, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1: The water source pressure stabilization unit outputs pressure-stabilized clean water to the main pipeline;

[0011] S2: The water pressure in the main pipe is transmitted to the upper air chamber of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank through the pressure tapping and connecting pipe. Under the constant pressure difference of the air pressure balance, the fertilizer liquid in the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank is drawn into the main pipe through the Venturi component.

[0012] S3: The fluid containing fertilizer solution is forcibly mixed in a static mixer by staggered baffles to form a water-fertilizer solution;

[0013] S4: The water and fertilizer solution flows through the main pipeline pressure control valve. The main pipeline pressure control valve locks the total working pressure of the main pipeline by relying on the force balance between the internal reset spring and the diaphragm.

[0014] S5: The water and fertilizer solution is diverted to the main pipes of each zone, and the pressure loss is compensated by the mechanical displacement of the pressure balance diaphragm of the pressure balance valve of the zone main pipe. After being throttled and corrected by the branch fine adjustment valve at the inlet of the field branch pipe, it is discharged by the non-pressure compensated drip irrigation tape.

[0015] Furthermore, in S2, the pressure difference caused by the change in liquid level in the sealed and pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank is offset by the air pressure in the upper air chamber, so that the fertilizer absorption pressure difference at both ends of the Venturi component remains constant.

[0016] Furthermore, in S3, the torsional directions of adjacent turbulence blades are arranged alternately to the left and right, and the fluid entering the static mixer is continuously divided, deflected, and counter-fluided.

[0017] Furthermore, in S4, when the water pressure in the main pipe is lower than the set start-up pressure, the diaphragm is under insufficient pressure, and the valve port automatically closes and stops the flow under the elastic force of the spring.

[0018] Furthermore, in S5, the differential pressure diaphragm senses the pressure difference change at both ends of the pipeline. For pipelines with low water pressure, the differential pressure diaphragm pushes the overflow valve to open wider; for pipelines with high water pressure, the differential pressure diaphragm drives the overflow valve to throttle and reduce pressure.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device for implementing the above method, comprising:

[0020] The water source pressure stabilizing unit, main trunk pipe, static mixer, main pipeline pressure control valve, zone trunk pipe and field branch pipe with non-pressure compensation drip irrigation tape are connected in sequence.

[0021] The main trunk is equipped with a Venturi component. The main trunk is connected to the top of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank through a pressure tapping connecting pipe. The bottom outlet of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank is connected to the Venturi component.

[0022] The main pipeline pressure control valve, the zoned main pipeline pressure balancing valve configured on the zoned main pipeline, and the branch fine-tuning valve installed at the inlet of the field branch pipeline are all hydraulic mechanical valves, and the drip irrigation device has no electrically driven pressure regulating components.

[0023] Furthermore, the water source pressure stabilization unit includes a water pump, a pressure stabilizing tank, and a filter located downstream of the water pump.

[0024] Furthermore, the main pipeline pressure control valve is internally encapsulated with a pressure-sensing diaphragm and a return spring that work together in a coordinated manner.

[0025] Furthermore, the partitioned main pipe pressure balancing valve has a built-in differential pressure balancing diaphragm and a damping spring, and the partitioned main pipe pressure balancing valve is provided with a pressure-sensing bypass channel connecting the oral cavity chamber and the upper chamber of the diaphragm.

[0026] Furthermore, the static mixer includes a cylindrical sealed tubular cavity, inside which multiple sets of staggered and reverse-arranged turbulence blades are fixedly installed.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] This three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method and device, which balances water and fertilizer concentration across the entire system, employs a three-stage purely physical pressure regulation logic: a pressure stabilizing tank as the base, a main valve locking the total system pressure, a trunk valve providing zonal compensation, and a branch valve providing fine-tuning. All adjustment actions are accomplished solely through the linkage between the system's own water pressure and the mechanical diaphragm and springs. The entire process is motorless and electrical-controlled, exhibiting extremely strong resistance to disturbances in field conditions, making it particularly suitable for remote, large-scale agricultural scenarios without power grid coverage.

[0029] Secondly, this invention, by setting up a pressure tapping connecting pipe, synchronously transmits the water pressure from the pipeline network to the gas phase space of the fertilizer storage tank, ensuring that changes in the liquid level within the tank no longer generate negative or positive pressure deviations, and maintaining a constant fertilizer absorption pressure differential throughout the entire irrigation cycle. Combining a closed, isobaric fertilizer storage system with a Venturi constant-ratio fertilizer absorption mechanism, it eliminates the phenomenon of near-concentration and far-dilute concentrations found in conventional systems. Field test data shows that the maximum deviation of the system's water and fertilizer nitrogen concentration from the standard value is only 0.12 g / L, demonstrating extremely stable proportions.

[0030] Furthermore, this invention benefits from a three-stage mechanical pressure compensation system that automatically offsets friction loss and terrain elevation differences along long-distance pipelines, achieving the effect of expensive pressure-compensated drip irrigation tape even when only ordinary non-compensated drip irrigation tape is laid at the end. In a 160-meter-long field test, the maximum relative error in water output between the near and far ends was only 1.16%, far below the acceptable uniformity standard of ≤5% for agricultural drip irrigation equipment, significantly reducing the investment in pipe materials and subsequent operation and maintenance costs for large-scale agricultural drip irrigation.

[0031] Finally, the static mixer of this invention employs fixed turbulence-inducing blades arranged alternately on the left and right sides, without a rotating stirring shaft or drive components, relying directly on the kinetic energy of the water flow for forced mixing. The water-fertilizer fluid is continuously cut, reorganized, and flushed within the cavity, eliminating dead zones and allowing high-concentration mother liquor to disperse rapidly without stratification. The purely fixed components avoid the risk of wear and blockage of moving parts, ensuring long-term maintenance-free operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank and the main pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A perspective view of the internal structure of a static mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the structural principle of the main pipeline pressure control valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structural principle of the zoned mains pressure balancing valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Water source pressure stabilization unit; 2. Main trunk pipe; 3. Pressure tapping connecting pipe; 4. Sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank; 401. Upper air chamber; 402. Liquid phase space; 5. Fertilizer liquid delivery pipe; 6. Venturi component; 7. Static mixer; 701. Cylindrical sealed tubular cavity; 702. Turbine vane; 702a. Left-handed turbulence vane; 702b. Right-handed turbulence vane; 8. Main pipeline pressure control valve; 802. Diaphragm; 803. Return spring; 804. Valve core linkage rod; 805. Valve port; 9. Zonal trunk pipe; 10. Zonal trunk pipe pressure balancing valve; 1002. Differential pressure balancing diaphragm; 1003. Damping spring; 1004. Overflow valve port; 1005. Pressure-sensing bypass channel; 11. Field branch pipe; 12. Branch pipe fine-tuning valve. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: A long, narrow field in a plain with no elevation difference.

[0040] Combination Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device with balanced water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation range, and a drip irrigation method using this device. The system operates without motors or electronic sensors, relying entirely on hydraulic mechanical valves and static pressure balance to achieve three-stage pressure regulation and stabilization. Its specific workflow is as follows:

[0041] S1, Primary pre-voltage stabilizer: such as Figure 1 As shown, the water source first enters the water source pressure stabilization unit 1. The water source pressure stabilization unit 1 includes a water pump, a filter located downstream of the water pump, and a pressure stabilization tank. After the system starts, relying on the water storage and pressure stabilization tank, it can effectively buffer the water pump's output pulsation and output stable pressure clean water to the main pipe 2, serving as the stable pressure base for the entire system; the filter only serves as a water purification and protection device, intercepting particulate matter in the water, and does not participate in the subsequent pressure regulation process of the system.

[0042] S2, Isobaric physical fertilizer absorption: combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a venturi component 6 (Venturi constant-ratio fertilizer suction port) with a reduced diameter is installed on the main pipe 2, and a sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank 4 is connected below it. The sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank 4 is divided into an upper air chamber 401 and a liquid phase space 402 for holding fertilizer mother liquor. The two ends of a pressure tapping connecting pipe 3 are connected to the water flow channel of the main pipe 2 and the upper air chamber 401, respectively. The liquid outlet at the bottom of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank 4 is connected to the fertilizer suction port of the venturi component 6 through a fertilizer liquid delivery pipe 5. During operation, the pressure tapping connecting pipe 3 synchronously transmits the water pressure of the pipeline network to the upper air chamber 401, ensuring that the air pressure inside the tank is completely equal to the water pressure of the pipeline network. Under this isobaric physical balance, changes in the liquid level inside the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank 4 will not produce negative or positive pressure deviations. When the water passes through the Venturi component 6, the pressure difference between the two ends of the Venturi component 6 remains constant, thus avoiding pressure fluctuations from interfering with the concentration ratio at the source of fertilizer absorption, and stably drawing a quantitative amount of fertilizer solution into the main water flow.

[0043] S3, Unpowered Forced Fluid Mixing: such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the main pipe 2 passes downstream of the Venturi component 6 via a static mixer 7. The static mixer 7 has a cylindrical, sealed tubular cavity 701, which contains no power source, no rotating stirring shaft, and no moving or wearing parts. Multiple sets of staggered and counter-arranged baffles 702 are fixedly installed within the cavity. When clean water and the sucked-in fertilizer solution enter the cavity together, the fluid is physically sheared and split when it passes the first set of left-handed baffles 702a, causing a significant deflection in its flow direction. Upon reaching the next set of right-handed baffles 702b, it is further divided, deflected, and counter-fluidized. During this process, the fluid's kinetic energy is converted into high-frequency microscopic physical shear force, rapidly breaking the surface tension of the high-concentration fertilizer mother liquor. The fluid is continuously cut, reorganized, and swirled within the cavity, allowing multiple fine fluid streams to fully contact and merge under this physical counter-fluidization mechanism, eliminating dead zones. Even if the fertilizer mother liquor has a high viscosity or contains trace impurities, it can instantly form a homogeneous suspension state, continuously suspending and mixing without sedimentation or stratification, effectively preventing clogging and requiring no maintenance.

[0044] S4, Secondary Main Trunk Pressure Mechanical Lock: (e.g.) Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the uniformly mixed water-fertilizer solution continues to be transported along the main pipe 2, flowing through the main pipe pressure control valve 8. This valve is a purely hydraulic mechanical pressure-on-off valve, internally encapsulated with a diaphragm 802 and a return spring 803 that work in conjunction with it. The specific control action is as follows: When the water pressure in the main pipe 2 is lower than the set starting pressure (e.g., 0.08 MPa), the force of the water pressure on the diaphragm 802 is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 803, and the valve port 805 automatically closes to cut off the flow; when the water pressure reaches the system set working pressure, e.g., 0.12 MPa, the force of the return spring 803 and the water pressure reaches equilibrium, and the diaphragm 802 drives the valve core linkage rod 804 to keep the valve port 805 at a constant opening, thereby mechanically locking the working pressure of the entire main pipe 2. This process requires no electrical control. When faced with drastic fluctuations in the initial pressure of the water source or instantaneous water hammer impact, the return spring 803 quickly absorbs excess kinetic energy through its own mechanical deformation, smoothly transitions the displacement of the diaphragm 802, prevents the valve port 805 from oscillating violently, and greatly improves the system's robustness in dealing with sudden fluid impacts.

[0045] S5, Three-level zone dynamic compensation voltage regulation: such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the main trunk line 2 branches into multiple branch trunk lines 9, each equipped with a branch trunk line pressure balancing valve 10. This valve incorporates a differential pressure balancing diaphragm 1002 and a damping spring 1003, and senses the pressure difference across the valve via a pressure-sensing bypass channel 1005. It automatically compensates for pressure losses caused by variations in the length of each trunk line and differences in elevation: for situations where the water pressure is low due to high resistance in the distant pipeline or higher elevation, the differential pressure balancing diaphragm 1002 moves upward, opening the overflow valve 1004 to compensate for the flow and pressure; for situations where the water pressure is high due to low resistance in the near-end pipeline, it automatically throttles and reduces pressure, ensuring constant pressure throughout the entire length of each trunk line. Especially in extreme terrain conditions (such as when a steep slope causes the main pipe drop to exceed the normal level), the huge static pressure difference between the two ends is transmitted through the pressure-sensing bypass channel 1005, prompting the pressure difference balancing diaphragm 1002 to spontaneously undergo a deep physical response and stress compensation. This ensures that even on steep slopes, the outlet pressure at the end of each main pipe is still forcibly clamped within the design threshold. Subsequently, each zone's main pipe 9 branches into field branch pipes 11. A small hydraulic throttling mechanical valve, namely the branch pipe fine-tuning valve 12, is installed at the inlet of the branch pipe. Workers can manually rotate and adjust the flow cross-section of this valve to finely correct the small pressure differences caused by small plots of land and micro-topography. Finally, the water and fertilizer solution with uniform pressure flows into the ordinary non-pressure-compensated drip irrigation tape laid in the field and drips out.

[0046] Example 2: Hilly terrain with a 12° elevation difference.

[0047] This embodiment is suitable for sloping farmland with a longitudinal slope of 12° and a total length of 160m. The remaining equipment parameters, working pressure, and fertilization standards are completely consistent with those of Embodiment 1. The core difference is that the three-stage pressure regulating unit zoned main pipe pressure balancing valve (10) achieves deep pressure compensation for terrain elevation differences.

[0048] The top of the sloping main pipeline is high and the bottom is low. Under the action of gravity, the natural static pressure of the lower pipeline is higher. The pressure balancing valve (10) of the sloping main pipeline senses the pressure difference between the high and low positions in real time through the pressure-sensing bypass channel (1005). The pressure difference balancing diaphragm (1002) adjusts the opening of the overflow valve (1004) in cooperation with the damping spring (1003): the water pressure of the high-level pipeline upstream of the slope is low, and the valve automatically opens to make up for the pressure; the static water pressure of the low-level pipeline downstream of the slope is too high, and the valve automatically throttles and reduces pressure to offset the natural pressure difference caused by the terrain elevation difference. The other first-level pressure stabilization, constant pressure fertilizer absorption, static fertilizer mixing, and main trunk total pressure locking processes are exactly the same as in Example 1. The water flow rate and water-fertilizer concentration at the near and far ends of the sloping pipeline network remain highly uniform.

[0049] To verify the effectiveness of the present invention in achieving balanced water and fertilizer concentration across the entire region, two sets of field tests were conducted.

[0050] Test conditions: The test plot was a long strip of field with a total length of 160m; the system working pressure was set to 0.12MPa with the main pipeline locked; the standard water-soluble fertilizer nitrogen concentration was 20g / L; and uniform non-pressure compensated drip irrigation tape of the same specification was laid at the end. Sampling was divided into a near-end section (0-40m) and a far-end section (120-160m), with sampling ports simultaneously set up on each branch pipe. The average value of 5 sampling points was taken for each data set. The results are shown in Tables 1-4.

[0051] Table 1: Water output per unit length of drip irrigation tape for the first group (mL / m)

[0052] Sampling location Proximal Mean Distant mean absolute difference relative error Branch pipes of Zone 1 156.3 154.7 1.5 1.02% Branch pipes of Zone 2 155.8 154.1 1.7 1.09%

[0053] Table 2: Nitrogen concentrations in water and fertilizer for the first group (g / L)

[0054] Sampling location Proximal concentration Distal concentration Maximum deviation from standard concentration Branch pipes of Zone 1 20.07 19.92 0.08 Branch pipes of Zone 2 20.04 19.90 0.10

[0055] Table 3: Water output per unit length of drip irrigation tape in the second group (mL / m)

[0056] Sampling location Proximal Mean Distant mean absolute difference relative error Branch pipes of Zone 1 156.7 154.9 1.8 1.15% Branch pipes of Zone 2 156.1 154.3 1.8 1.16%

[0057] Table 4: Nitrogen concentrations in water and fertilizer for the second group (g / L)

[0058] Sampling location Proximal concentration Distal concentration Maximum deviation from standard concentration Branch pipes of Zone 1 20.09 19.91 0.09 Branch pipes of Zone 2 20.06 19.88 0.12

[0059] First set of field test data:

[0060] Water output per unit length of drip irrigation tape (mL / m): In Zone 1, the near end average was 156.3 and the far end average was 154.7, with a relative error of only 1.02%; in Zone 2, the near end average was 155.8 and the far end average was 154.1, with a relative error of only 1.09%.

[0061] Nitrogen concentration in water and fertilizer (g / L): Zone 1: 20.07 near end, 19.92 far end, with a maximum deviation of 0.08 g / L from the standard concentration; Zone 2: 20.04 near end, 19.90 far end, with a maximum deviation of 0.10 g / L.

[0062] Second set of repeated verification test data: water output (mL / m): relative error of 1.15% for zone 1; relative error of 1.16% for zone 2.

[0063] Nitrogen concentration in water and fertilizer (g / L): Maximum deviation in zone 1: 0.09 g / L; Maximum deviation in zone 2: 0.12 g / L.

[0064] Control group scheme: traditional open fertilizer storage tank + single-stage pipeline pressure stabilizing valve + commercial pressure-compensating drip irrigation tape. Under the same water supply pressure and fertilizer concentration conditions in a 160m field: the relative error of flow rate at the near and far ends of the pipeline was 4.87%, and the maximum deviation of water and fertilizer nitrogen concentration was 1.25g / L; the pipe material procurement cost was 2.6 times that of the ordinary drip irrigation tape used in this invention.

[0065] Data analysis shows that, with the application of low-cost ordinary drip irrigation tape at the end, the maximum relative error of flow rate between the near and far ends in the two sets of experiments was only 1.16%, far below the qualified index of ≤5% for uniformity of agricultural drip irrigation equipment. The three-stage mechanical pressure regulating system effectively offsets the resistance along the flow path. Simultaneously, the maximum deviation of the concentration from the standard value throughout the entire process was only 0.12 g / L, with minimal fluctuations, eliminating the phenomenon of near-concentration and far-concentration in conventional fertilization systems, and verifying the high stability of the combination of isobaric fertilizer storage and static mixed fertilizer structure. Furthermore, this invention eliminates the need for expensive pressure compensation drip irrigation tape, significantly reducing investment in pipe infrastructure; it also eliminates the need for electrical control components, saving on the cost of field power wiring and frequency converter control cabinet procurement; only periodic filter cleaning is required in the field, resulting in low maintenance threshold and extremely low operation and maintenance costs.

[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation area, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The water source pressure stabilizing unit (1) outputs pressure-stabilized clean water to the main pipe (2); S2: The water pressure in the main pipe (2) is transmitted to the upper air chamber (401) of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank (4) by the pressure tapping connecting pipe (3). Under the constant pressure difference of air pressure balance, the fertilizer liquid in the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank (4) is sucked into the main pipe (2) through the Venturi component (6). S3: The fluid containing fertilizer solution is forcibly mixed in the static mixer (7) by staggered baffles (702) to form a water-fertilizer solution; S4: The water-fertilizer solution flows through the main pipeline pressure control valve (8), and the main pipeline pressure control valve (8) locks the total working pressure of the main main pipe (2) by relying on the force balance between the internal reset spring (803) and the diaphragm (802). S5: The water and fertilizer solution is diverted to each zone main pipe (9), and the pressure loss is compensated by the mechanical displacement of the pressure balance diaphragm (1002) of the zone main pipe pressure balance valve (10); then, after being throttled and corrected by the branch fine adjustment valve (12) at the inlet of the field branch pipe (11), it is discharged by the non-pressure compensated drip irrigation tape.

2. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation area according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2, the pressure difference generated by the liquid level change in the sealed and pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank (4) is offset by the air pressure in the upper air chamber (401), so that the fertilizer absorption pressure difference at both ends of the Venturi component (6) remains constant.

3. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation area according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the torsional directions of adjacent turbulence blades (702) are arranged alternately to the left and right, and the fluid entering the static mixer (7) is continuously divided, deflected and reversed.

4. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation area according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, when the water pressure in the main pipe (2) is lower than the set start pressure, the diaphragm (802) is under insufficient pressure, and the valve port (805) automatically closes and stops the flow under the elastic force of the return spring (803).

5. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation method for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation area according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the differential pressure diaphragm (1002) senses the pressure difference change at both ends of the pipeline. For pipelines with low water pressure, the differential pressure diaphragm (1002) pushes the overflow valve (1004) to open wider. For pipelines with high water pressure, the differential pressure diaphragm (1002) drives the overflow valve (1004) to throttle and reduce pressure.

6. A three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device for achieving uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire irrigation range, used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The water source pressure stabilizing unit (1), main trunk pipe (2), static mixer (7), main pipeline pressure control valve (8), zone trunk pipe (9), and field branch pipe (11) with non-pressure compensation drip irrigation tape are connected in sequence. The main pipe (2) is equipped with a Venturi component (6). The main pipe (2) is connected to the top of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank (4) through a pressure tapping connecting pipe (3). The bottom outlet of the sealed pressure-stabilized fertilizer storage tank (4) is connected to the Venturi component (6). Among them, the main pipeline pressure control valve (8), the zoned main pipeline pressure balancing valve (10) configured on the zoned main pipeline (9), and the branch fine adjustment valve (12) installed at the inlet of the field branch pipeline (11) are all hydraulic mechanical valves, and there are no electrically driven pressure regulating components inside the drip irrigation device.

7. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device with uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire range according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water source pressure stabilizing unit (1) includes a water pump, a pressure stabilizing tank, and a filter located downstream of the water pump.

8. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device with uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire range according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main pipeline pressure control valve (8) is internally encapsulated with a diaphragm (802) and a return spring (803) that work together.

9. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device with uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire range according to claim 6, characterized in that, The partitioned main pipe pressure balancing valve (10) has a built-in differential pressure balancing diaphragm (1002) and a damping spring (1003), and the partitioned main pipe pressure balancing valve (10) is provided with a pressure-sensing bypass channel (1005) connecting the oral cavity and the upper chamber of the diaphragm.

10. The three-stage pressure-regulating drip irrigation device with uniform water and fertilizer concentration across the entire range according to claim 6, characterized in that, The static mixer (7) includes a cylindrical closed tubular cavity (701), inside which multiple sets of staggered and reverse-arranged turbulence blades (702) are fixedly installed.

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