Liquid-absorbent pet pad

Abstract

A liquid absorbent pet pad is disclosed. The pet pad includes an absorbent core positioned between a liquid permeable top layer and a liquid impermeable backing layer. A pattern is embossed into at least the absorbent core to create containment zones that are well suited to immobilize and retain liquid. An adhesive can be applied around the entire perimeter of the product to prevent liquid migration through the edges.

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This application relates to and has priority with U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 633,244, filed April 12, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. Background Technology

[0002] Pet mats (such as dog mats or pads) are designed to absorb liquids and other bodily fluids and are typically made of highly absorbent materials such as microfibers, cotton, or specialized absorbent polymers. The primary purpose of these mats is to protect floors and furniture from damage caused by spills or incontinence and to make cleaning easier.

[0003] Liquid-absorbent pet mats can be used in a variety of situations. For example, pet mats can be very useful for accommodating any spills or accidental excrement that may occur while traveling with your pet. Pet mats are also commonly used in veterinary clinics and pet grooming salons to provide a clean and hygienic surface for pets during treatments or grooming procedures. Pet mats help to contain any bodily fluids or pet grooming products that may spill during the process. Pet mats can also be very useful during temporary living situations or when staying in pet-friendly accommodations. Pet mats can also be used when owners are away from home for extended periods and pets are left alone for longer than usual. For example, pet mats provide a quick and easy solution to protect floors and furniture from the effects of accidental excrement. Similarly, mats are ideal for use during emergencies such as natural disasters or evacuations. For example, pet mats can be incorporated into emergency kits for pets to provide a clean surface for pets to rest on and to prevent spilled liquids from damaging surfaces.

[0004] Pet pads are typically used to handle leaks and accidental excretions from pets experiencing incontinence. For example, older dogs and dogs recovering from surgery often experience incontinence.

[0005] Pet mats are also useful during home potty training of young pets or during the process of training them to use a designated potty area. Pet mats can be placed indoors to protect floors or other surfaces while the pet learns proper potty habits. Pet mats are especially useful, for example, at night when young pets are not with their owners.

[0006] Pet pads are typically made from materials with highly absorbent properties. Many pet pads are disposable and designed for single use. In one application, such as a disposable pet pad, an absorbent polymer, such as a superabsorbent polymer, may be contained, which can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid. These polymers are often combined with other materials, such as nonwoven fabrics or paper, to create the structure used for the pad. Pet pads are usually assembled and then cut and shaped to the desired size. For example, large rolls of material may be cut into individual pad-sized sheets. Once the pet pads are cut and shaped, they are packaged into individual units for sale.

[0007] Although various pet pads are commercially available, improvements are still needed and expected in this field. For example, many pet pads do not have sufficient absorbency to hold and retain liquid spills or urine intrusion. However, even pads with sufficient absorbency tend to leak through the sides of the pad over time. Furthermore, the performance of many pads deteriorates when they are folded and / or shipped. For example, the absorbent material in the pad has a tendency to clump and migrate within the pad, creating areas of reduced absorbency within the product. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Generally, this disclosure relates to a liquid-absorbing pet pad. The pet pad may be disposable and is designed for single use. The liquid-absorbing pet pad of this disclosure is multi-layered and constructed to give the pet pad excellent absorbency along with a very fast liquid ingestion rate. The pet pad may also be configured to prevent any liquid from leaking through the edges of the pad once it has been soaked in liquid.

[0009] For example, in one embodiment, this disclosure relates to a liquid-absorbent pet mat comprising a multi-layer planar structure. The pet mat has a top liquid-permeable layer attached along the periphery of the pet mat to a liquid-impermeable backing layer. An absorbent core is housed between the top layer and the backing layer. The absorbent core comprises a superabsorbent material. In one aspect, the liquid-absorbent pet mat further comprises an embossed pattern formed into at least the absorbent core. For example, the embossed pattern may be formed in combination with the absorbent core into the top layer. The embossed pattern includes receiving areas for the superabsorbent material, such that the superabsorbent material does not migrate or shift during packaging, shipping, or handling of the product. The receiving areas are surrounded by open areas. The open areas significantly increase the liquid ingestion rate, especially relative to previous embossed products.

[0010] In one aspect, the embossed pattern may be formed by line elements. In one embodiment, the line elements may extend along the length or width of the absorbent core. The line elements may be continuous or discontinuous. In one aspect, the embossed pattern may include spaced-apart pairs of line elements. Each pair of line elements may intersect to form a receiving area.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the line elements can be formed into discrete shapes. The shapes can be geometric or imaginative. In one embodiment, for example, the discrete shape could be the shape of a dog's paw. In one aspect, the discrete shapes can have different dimensions to create receiving areas of different sizes.

[0012] In another embodiment, the embossed pattern may include a combination of linear elements extending along the length or width of the absorbent core and linear elements forming discrete shapes. For example, discrete shapes may be positioned between linear elements extending in width or length. In one aspect, the embossed pattern can improve functionality by holding the superabsorbent material within a containment area to rapidly receive and retain liquid within the containment area. For example, the containment area may absorb and trap liquid. The containment area may also be positioned to guide liquid away from the edges of the pet pad to minimize side leakage of the pad.

[0013] The embossed pattern creates a surface area for the pet mat, which includes a containment area surrounded by open areas. The open areas may occupy approximately 10% to approximately 90% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core, such as approximately 40% to approximately 85% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core. On the other hand, the containment areas may occupy approximately 10% to approximately 60% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core, such as approximately 15% to approximately 50% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core.

[0014] In one aspect, the absorbent core contains a superabsorbent material combined with cellulose fibers. The absorbent core may include at least two layers. For example, the absorbent core may include a first layer comprising a tissue fiber web and a second layer comprising the superabsorbent material. The superabsorbent material may be positioned on the tissue fiber web. In one aspect, the absorbent core may further include a third layer, which may contain a flow material. The third layer may be positioned above the second and first layers. The layer containing the superabsorbent material typically has a basis weight of about 30 gsm to about 100 gsm, such as about 40 gsm to about 80 gsm. In one aspect, the absorbent layer may contain an amount of superabsorbent material of about 15 gsm to about 35 gsm and may contain cellulose fibers of about 25 gsm to about 45 gsm. In one embodiment, top liquid positioned above the absorbent core may permeate through a liner comprising a spunbond fiber web or a carded fiber web.

[0015] The pet mat disclosed herein exhibits excellent fluid handling characteristics. For example, the pet mat can exhibit a liquid intake rate of less than about 24 seconds, such as less than about 22 seconds. The pet mat can exhibit a liquid intake rate of greater than about 0.3 g / cm³. 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.32 g / cm³ 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.34 g / cm³ 2 saturation capacity.

[0016] In another embodiment, the liquid-absorbent pet mat of this disclosure may include a peripheral area ideally suited to prevent leakage of any liquid absorbed by the pet mat through the sides of the mat. For example, in one aspect, the top liquid-permeable layer and the backing layer may be attached together by an adhesive. The adhesive may be positioned only along the periphery of the top and backing layers. For example, in one aspect, the adhesive may extend around the entire periphery of the top and backing layers. The application of the adhesive around the periphery may be continuous or discontinuous. The adhesive may attach the top layer directly to the backing layer. For example, the absorbent core may be positioned in a manner between the top and backing layers such that the absorbent core does not extend into the peripheral edges of the top and backing layers where the adhesive is positioned. For example, the absorbent core may have a length and width both shorter than the length and width of the top and backing layers. The adhesive may include a hydrophobic adhesive ideally suited to preventing liquid flow.

[0017] Other features and aspects of this disclosure are discussed in more detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The full and practical disclosure of this invention is set forth in more detail in the remainder of the specification, including with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a plan view of one embodiment of a pet mat manufactured according to this disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the illustrated pet pad; and

[0021] Figure 3 It is merged Figure 1 A flat view of the embossed pattern in the illustrated pet mat.

[0022] The repeated use of reference numerals in this specification and drawings is intended to indicate the same or similar features or elements of the invention.

[0023] definition

[0024] As used herein, the term "conjugated fiber" refers to a fiber formed from at least two polymer sources extruded from separate extruders and spun together to form a single fiber. Conjugated fibers are sometimes also called bicomponent fibers or multicomponent fibers. The polymers across the cross section of the conjugated fiber are arranged in different regions that are positioned substantially constant and extend continuously along the length of the conjugated fiber. Such a configuration of the conjugated fiber can be, for example, a sheath / core arrangement in which one polymer is surrounded by another polymer, or it can be a side-by-side arrangement, a segmented arrangement, or an "island" arrangement. Conjugated fibers are taught in U.S. Patent No. 5,108,820 to Kaneko et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,795,668 to Krueger et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,540,992 to Marcher et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,336,552 to Strack et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,425,987 to Shawver, and U.S. Patent No. 5,382,400 to Pike et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. For bicomponent fibers, the polymer may be present in a 75 / 25, 50 / 50, 25 / 75, or any other desired ratio. Additionally, polymer additives (such as processing aids) may be included in each zone.

[0025] As used in this article, the term "longitudinal" (MD) refers to the length of the fabric in the direction in which it is produced, as opposed to "transverse" (CD), which refers to the width of the fabric in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

[0026] As used herein, the term "meltblown fiber web" refers to a nonwoven fiber web formed by a process in which molten thermoplastic material is extruded as molten fibers through multiple fine, typically circular, die capillaries into a converging high-speed gas (e.g., air) stream. This high-speed gas stream draws the fibers of the molten thermoplastic material to reduce their diameter, which can be down to the microfiber diameter. The meltblown fibers are then carried by the high-speed gas stream and deposited onto a collection surface to form a fiber web of randomly dispersed meltblown fibers. Such processes are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 3,849,241 to Buten et al., the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. Generally, meltblown fibers can be substantially continuous or discontinuous microfibers, typically less than 10 micrometers in diameter, and are generally sticky when deposited onto a collection surface.

[0027] As used herein, the terms "nonwoven fabric" or "nonwoven web" refer to a web of fibers or threads with a structure consisting of individual fibers or threads interwoven, but in a manner not as clearly discernible as knitted fabrics. Nonwoven fabrics or webs have been formed using various processes, such as meltblown, spunbond, and hot-air bonded carded web (also known as BCW and TABCW). The basis weight of nonwoven webs can typically vary, ranging from approximately 5 gsm, 10 gsm, or 20 gsm to approximately 120 gsm, 125 gsm, or 150 gsm.

[0028] As used herein, the term "spunbond fiber web" refers to a fiber web containing small-diameter, substantially continuous fibers. Fibers are formed by extruding molten thermoplastic material from multiple fine, typically circular capillaries of a spinneret, and then rapidly reducing the diameter of the extruded fibers by, for example, traction stretching and / or other well-known spunbonding mechanisms. The preparation of spunbond fiber webs is described and illustrated in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 4,340,563 to Appel et al., U.S. Patent No. 3,692,618 to Dorschner et al., U.S. Patent No. 3,802,817 to Matsuki et al., U.S. Patent No. 3,338,992 to Kinney, U.S. Patent No. 3,341,394 to Kinney, U.S. Patent No. 3,502,763 to Hartman, U.S. Patent No. 3,502,538 to Levy, U.S. Patent No. 3,542,615 to Dobo et al., and U.S. Patent No. 5,382,400 to Pike et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Spunbond fibers are generally non-sticky when deposited onto a collection surface. Spunbond fibers can sometimes have a diameter of less than about 40 micrometers, and are generally between about 5 micrometers and about 20 micrometers.

[0029] As used herein, the terms “superabsorbent polymer,” “superabsorbent material,” or “SAP” are to be used interchangeably and should refer to polymers capable of absorbing and retaining a very large amount of liquid relative to their own mass. Crosslinkable hydrogel-type absorbent polymers absorb aqueous solutions through hydrogen bonding with water molecules and other polar forces. The water-absorbing capacity of SAP is based in part on its ionicity (a factor of the ion concentration in the aqueous solution) and the water-affinity of the SAP functional polar groups. SAP is typically made by polymerizing acrylic acid blended with sodium hydroxide in the presence of an initiator to form sodium polyacrylate (sometimes called sodium polyacrylate). Other materials are also used in the manufacture of superabsorbent polymers, such as polyacrylamide copolymers, ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymers, crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, and starch-grafted copolymers of crosslinked polyethylene oxide and polyacrylonitrile. SAP can exist in absorbent articles in particulate or fibrous form, or as a coating or another material or fiber.

[0030] As used herein, the term "pulp" refers to fibers derived from natural sources such as woody and non-woody plants. Woody plants include, for example, deciduous and coniferous trees. Non-woody plants include, for example, cotton, flax, fine-stemmed needlegrass, milkweed, rice straw, jute, hemp, and bagasse. Pulp fibers may include hardwood fibers, softwood fibers, and mixtures thereof.

[0031] As used herein, “bonded carded fiber web” refers to a nonwoven fiber web formed by a carding process known to those skilled in the art and further described in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 4,488,928 to Ali Khan et al., which is incorporated herein by reference. In short, the carding process involves beginning with blending, for example, short fibers with binder fibers or other binding components into large-volume spheres, which are then combed or otherwise treated to provide a generally uniform basis weight. The fiber web is then heated or otherwise treated to activate the binder components, thereby producing a monolithic, generally fluffy, nonwoven material.

[0032] As used herein, the term "hydrophilic" generally refers to a fiber or membrane, or the surface of a fiber or membrane, that can be wetted by an aqueous liquid in contact with the fiber. The term "hydrophobic" includes those materials that are not hydrophilic as defined. The phrase "naturally hydrophobic" refers to those materials that are hydrophobic in their chemical composition without any additives or treatments that affect their hydrophobicity. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Those skilled in the art will understand that this discussion is merely a description of exemplary embodiments and is not intended to limit the broader aspects of this disclosure.

[0034] Generally, this disclosure relates to a liquid-absorbing pet pad. The liquid-absorbing pet pad of this disclosure includes various features, each allowing for excellent fluid management and control. The pet pad of this disclosure is designed, for example, to rapidly absorb liquid, capture and hold liquid within the product, and / or prevent liquid leakage through the sides of the pad.

[0035] The pet mat disclosed herein may have a multi-layered construction, wherein each layer has a specific function and a different purpose. In one aspect, the pet mat includes an embossed pattern forming absorbent containment areas on the mat. The embossed pattern helps to increase the fluid intake rate and ensures that the liquid absorbed by the mat is contained and retained within the product. The embossed pattern can also be used to ensure that the liquid absorbent material contained in the mat does not migrate or move during the shipment, storage, or handling of the mat. In this way, the embossed pattern ensures that the liquid absorbent material is distributed throughout the mat for absorbing and retaining liquid and preventing liquid side leakage.

[0036] In addition, the pet pad may include a peripheral edge region, which in one embodiment does not contain a liquid-absorbing material. The peripheral edge region can be created by attaching two layers of the pad together with an adhesive, such as a hydrophobic adhesive. In this way, the peripheral edge region of the pad serves to prevent liquid from escaping from the sides of the pad.

[0037] As described above, the pet pad of this disclosure can have excellent fluid handling characteristics. For example, the pet pad of this disclosure can exhibit a fluid ingestion rate of less than about 24 seconds, such as less than about 22 seconds, such as less than about 20 seconds. The fluid ingestion rate is typically greater than about 5 seconds. In addition to the very fast fluid ingestion rate, the pet pad of this disclosure can also be configured to have a relatively high liquid saturation capacity. For example, the saturation capacity of the pet pad can be greater than about 0.3 g / cm³. 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.32 g / cm³ 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.34 g / cm³ 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.36 g / cm³ 2 And typically less than about 0.8 g / cm³ 2 .

[0038] refer to Figure 1 The following illustrates one embodiment of a pet mat 10 manufactured according to this disclosure. (Reference) Figure 2 , showed Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the illustrated pet pad 10. (Reference) Figure 2 The pet mat 10 includes a liquid-permeable top layer 12 attached to a liquid-impermeable backing layer 14. An absorbent core 16 is housed between the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14. The absorbent core 16 contains a liquid-absorbing material, such as a superabsorbent material. In one aspect, the absorbent core 16 may include a single layer of material containing a superabsorbent material. Alternatively, the absorbent core may include, for example, a liquid-permeable backing layer. Figure 2 The multi-layered structure is shown. For example, the absorbent core 16 may include a first layer 18 comprising a paper fiber mesh supporting a second layer 20, which comprises a superabsorbent material. Optionally, the absorbent core 16 may further include a third layer 22. The third layer 22 may include, for example, a flow layer. The flow layer 22 may, for example, provide faster fluid intake and better drying for the pet pad. The flow layer 22 may, for example, be capable of rapidly absorbing liquid and transferring it to the absorbent core 16, and is designed to store and trap liquid and odor. The flow layer 22 may, for example, have fluid handling properties that can effectively disperse impacts and saturate liquid in a specific targeted intrusion area. The flow layer 22 may increase the pet pad's ability to remove liquid from the targeted intrusion area in order to limit saturation and improve the overall fluid handling performance of the product.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in one aspect, the absorbent core 16 may have a length and width smaller than that of the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14. In this way, the absorbent core 16 is encapsulated between the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14.

[0040] For example, the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14 may include a peripheral edge region 24. The top layer 12 and the backing layer 14 may be attached together at the peripheral edge 24. For example, as Figure 2 As shown, the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14 can be directly attached together only around the peripheral edge 24. In one aspect, for example, an adhesive can be used to attach the top layer 12 to the backing layer 14. The adhesive can be applied around the perimeter of the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14. For example, the adhesive can be applied continuously or discontinuously around the perimeter between the layers. In this way, as... Figure 1 As shown, the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14 are attached together on all four sides.

[0041] Generally, any suitable adhesive can be used to attach the top layer 12 to the backing layer 14. In one aspect, the adhesive may include a hydrophobic adhesive. For example, the adhesive may include a hot melt adhesive. In another aspect, the adhesive comprises a polyolefin or a polyamide.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, attaching the top layer 12 to the backing layer 14 provides various benefits and advantages. In particular, the peripheral edge 24, as... Figure 1 The edges serve as a liquid barrier and prevent liquid migration out of the product. Attaching the top layer 12 to the backing layer 14 on all four sides of the pet pad also creates a solidified product that is easy to handle. Furthermore, the peripheral edge 24 serves as a frame-like component for the embossed pattern 26 applied to the absorbent core 16, thereby improving the product's aesthetic appeal.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the pet mat 10 of this disclosure includes an embossed pattern 26. The embossed pattern 26 is applied at least to the absorbent core 16. For example, the embossed pattern 24 may be applied to the absorbent core 16 alone or in combination with the top layer 12. Alternatively, the entire pet mat 10 may be embossed together. In one aspect, the absorbent core 16 is embossed alone or in combination with the backing layer 14, and then attached to the top layer 12 using a hydrophilic adhesive. The top layer 12 is drawn into the embossed area during lamination. The embossed pattern 26 is not only aesthetically pleasing but also serves to improve the fluid handling properties of the pet mat 10. For example, the embossed pattern 26 prevents the migration of liquid absorbent material contained in the absorbent core 16 and can provide recesses for quickly absorbing and retaining liquids within the pet mat 10. According to this disclosure, the embossed pattern also includes open areas to increase the fluid intake rate.

[0044] The embossed pattern 26 can be described as a depression formed, at least in the absorbent core 16, due to deformation of the layers of the pet pad 10. The embossed pattern 26 can have any suitable pattern to not only create an aesthetically pleasing surface but also promote the collection of liquids (such as pet urine) within the desired location of the pet pad 10. The embossed pattern 26 can be formed using any known conventional techniques. Suitable techniques include, for example, using raised elements to press the desired embossed pattern into the absorbent core 16. For example, a suitable process may include passing at least the absorbent core 16 between two rollers, including an engraved pattern roller opposite a smoothing anvil roller. The engraved pattern roller may, for example, comprise a steel roller, while the opposing roller may comprise a rubber roller. One or both rollers may be heated. Sufficient pressure may be applied to form the embossed pattern 26 into the absorbent core 16. In one aspect, sufficient pressure is applied to the absorbent core, causing the absorbent core 16 to mechanically attach together and densify at the point of embossing. For example, as... Figure 2 As shown, an embossing 28 is illustrated. At the embossing location, the absorbent core 16 becomes dense and the layers are attached together. The attachment can be purely mechanical. In one aspect, the attachment may include fiber entanglement. Alternatively, heating and / or ultrasonic energy may be used to form a thermal bond or ultrasonic bond at the embossing location.

[0045] A specific embossed pattern 26 according to this disclosure Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in the image. (Reference) Figure 3 For example, embossed pattern 26 may consist of line elements. These line elements may be continuous or discontinuous. In one aspect, embossed pattern 26 includes line elements 30, which comprise continuous line elements extending over the entire width of absorbent core 16. Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the thread element 30 extends in the width direction. Alternatively, however, the thread element 30 may extend in the length direction. In the illustrated embodiment, the thread element 30 has a wavy shape. Furthermore, the thread elements 30 are arranged in pairs, spaced apart along the length of the absorbent core 16. Each pair of thread elements may include an intersection forming a receiving region 32. The receiving region 32 prevents liquid absorbent material (such as superabsorbent material) from migrating and moving within the absorbent core 16. The receiving region 32 not only prevents liquid absorbent material in the absorbent core 16 from moving or migrating, but also provides an area for absorbing and retaining liquid. The receiving region 32 also prevents liquid from moving to the edge of the pet mat 10.

[0046] In addition to the wire elements 30 extending along the length or width of the absorber core 16, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, line elements can also be formed into discrete shapes. For example, in Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the line elements form paw prints 34. Each paw print includes a heel portion 36 and multiple toe portions 38. Thus, each paw print 34 effectively generates five discrete shapes within the absorbent core 16. Furthermore, paw prints 34 of different sizes are incorporated into the pattern. In this way, the embossed pattern 26 includes all the different sizes of discrete shapes, each of which forms a receiving area 32. It is believed that the different sizes of the receiving areas 32 not only enhance the overall appearance of the product but also provide better fluid control. Figure 3 In the illustrated implementation, the containment area 32 has at least five different sizes, such as at least six different sizes, such as at least seven different sizes, and typically less than about fifteen different sizes. The containment area is surrounded by an open area. In one aspect, the total area of ​​the containment area is minimized to improve the liquid intake rate.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the area of ​​each receiving area 32 can vary widely. Patterns can include large receiving areas, medium-sized receiving areas, and small receiving areas. For example, a large receiving area can have a size greater than approximately 1.5 cm. 2 Such as larger than approximately 1.8cm 2 Such as larger than about 2cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 2.3cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 2.5cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 2.8cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 3cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 3.2cm 2 And less than about 8cm 2 Such as less than about 6cm 2 The area. On the other hand, a medium-sized accommodating area can have approximately 0.5 cm. 2To approximately 1.5cm 2 The area. For example, a medium-sized accommodating area can have a size greater than approximately 0.7 cm. 2 Such as larger than approximately 0.9cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 1.1 cm 2 The area.

[0048] On the other hand, small accommodating areas can be less than approximately 0.5 cm. 2 Such as less than about 0.4cm 2 Such as less than about 0.3cm 2 And larger than approximately 0.08cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 0.1 cm 2 Such as larger than approximately 0.12cm 2 The area.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the receiving area 32 of the embossed pattern 26 is surrounded by an open area 40. The amount of the open area relative to the receiving area can vary depending on many factors, including the size of the pet pad, the type of liquid absorbent material contained in the pet pad, and the construction of the absorbent core. Generally, the receiving area occupies more than about 10% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core 16, such as more than about 15%, such as more than about 20%, such as more than about 25%, such as more than about 30%, such as more than about 40%, such as more than about 45%, such as more than about 50%, such as more than about 55%. The receiving area typically occupies less than about 75% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core 16, such as less than about 70%, such as less than about 65%, such as less than about 60%, such as less than about 45%, such as less than about 40%, such as less than about 35%. The open area may include more than about 20% of the surface area of ​​the absorbent core 16, such as more than about 30%, such as more than about 35%, such as more than about 40%, such as more than about 45%, such as more than about 50%, such as more than about 55%, such as more than about 60%, such as more than about 65%. The open area typically occupies less than about 90% of the surface area of ​​the absorber core 16, such as less than about 85%, such as less than about 80%, such as less than about 75%, such as less than about 70%, such as less than about 65%, such as less than about 60%, such as less than about 55%, such as less than about 50%, such as less than about 45%.

[0050] The overall dimensions of a pet mat can vary depending on the specific application. In one implementation, for example, the width of a pet mat can be greater than about 18 inches, such as greater than about 20 inches, such as greater than about 24 inches, such as greater than about 28 inches, such as greater than about 30 inches, such as greater than about 34 inches. The width can typically be less than about 60 inches, such as less than about 50 inches, such as less than about 45 inches, such as less than about 40 inches, such as less than about 38 inches. The length of a pet mat can be greater than or less than its width. The length can also be greater than about 18 inches, such as greater than about 20 inches, such as greater than about 24 inches, such as greater than about 28 inches, such as greater than about 30 inches, such as greater than about 34 inches. The length can typically be less than about 60 inches, such as less than about 50 inches, such as less than about 45 inches, such as less than about 40 inches, such as less than about 38 inches.

[0051] As described above and as Figure 2 As shown, the pet mat 10 includes a liquid-permeable top layer 12, an absorbent core 16, and a liquid-impermeable backing layer 28.

[0052] Top floor:

[0053] Top layer 12 is liquid-permeable, may be hydrophilic, and ideally retains little or no liquid in its structure. Top layer 12 may be a single layer of material, or alternatively, may be multiple layers laminated together. Top layer 12 may be constructed from any material, such as one or more woven sheets, one or more fibrous nonwoven sheets, one or more films (such as blown or extruded films, which may be single-layered or multi-layered), one or more foam sheets (such as mesh foam, open-cell foam, or closed-cell foam), coated nonwoven sheets, or combinations of any of these materials. Such combinations may be adhesively, thermally, or ultrasonically laminated into a uniform planar sheet structure to form top layer 12.

[0054] In various embodiments, the top layer 12 can be constructed from a variety of nonwoven fiber webs, such as meltblown fiber webs, spunbond fiber webs, hydroentangled fiber webs, or hot-air bonded carded fiber webs. Examples of suitable top layer 12 materials include, but are not limited to, natural fiber webs (such as cotton), rayon, hydroentangled fiber webs, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon or other heat-bonded fibers (such as bicomponent fibers) bonded carded fiber webs, polyolefins, copolymers of polypropylene and polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, and aliphatic esters such as polylactic acid. Fine perforated membranes and mesh materials may also be used, as well as laminates and / or combinations of these materials. Examples of suitable top layer 12 can be bonded carded fiber webs made of polypropylene and polyethylene, such as bonded carded fiber webs available from Sandler Corp., Germany. U.S. Patent No. 4,801,494 to Datta et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,908,026 to Sukiennik et al., and WO 2009 / 062998 to Texol teach a variety of other top sheet materials that can be used as top sheet 12, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The additional Top 12 materials may include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. Patent No. 4,397,644 to Matthews et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,629,643 to Curro et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,188,625 to Van Iten et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,382,400 to Pike et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,533,991 to Kirby et al., U.S. Patent No. 6,410,823 to Daley et al., and U.S. Publication No. 2012 / 0289917 to Abuto et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0055] In various embodiments, the top layer 12 may contain multiple openings formed therethrough to allow liquids (such as pet urine) to more easily enter the absorbent core 16. The openings may be arranged randomly or uniformly throughout the top layer 12.

[0056] In various embodiments, the top layer 12 may have a basis weight ranging from about 5 gsm, 10 gsm, 15 gsm, 20 gsm, or 25 gsm to about 50 gsm, 100 gsm, 120 gsm, 125 gsm, or 150 gsm. For example, in one embodiment, the top layer 12 may be constructed from a hot-air bonded carded fiber web having a basis weight ranging from about 5 gsm to about 20 gsm, such as from about 7 gsm to about 15 gsm. In various embodiments, the top layer 12 may be at least partially or completely hydrophilic.

[0057] In various implementations, the top layer 12 can be a multi-component top layer 12, such as by having two or more different nonwoven or membrane materials, wherein the different materials are bonded together.

[0058] In one aspect, the top layer 12 may include a spunbond material. Such a spunbond layer may be formed of polyester or polyolefin (such as polypropylene) and may contain a wetting agent if desired. In various embodiments, the spunbond layer may have a basis weight of about 5 gsm or 7 gsm to about 20 gsm or 30 gsm and may be treated with a hydrophilic wetting agent.

[0059] Absorption core:

[0060] The absorbent core 16 may be positioned between the top layer 12 and the backing layer 14 of the pet pad 10. The absorbent core 16 can typically be any single-layer structure or combination of layered components that exhibits a certain level of compressibility, conformability, and the ability to absorb and retain liquids such as pet urine or other bodily fluids. In various embodiments, the absorbent core 16 may be formed from a variety of different materials and may contain any number of desired layers. For example, the absorbent core 16 may comprise one or more layers (e.g., two layers) of an absorbent fiber web material comprising cellulose fibers (e.g., wood pulp fibers), other natural fibers, synthetic fibers, woven or nonwoven sheets, loose webs or other stabilizing structures, superabsorbent materials, binder materials, surfactants, selected hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials, pigments, detergents, odor control agents, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the absorbent fiber web material may comprise a matrix of cellulose fibers combined with a superabsorbent material. The cellulose fibers may comprise blends of wood pulp fibers. An example of wood pulp fluff can be identified by the trade name NB416, available from Weyerhaeuser Corp., and is a bleached, highly absorbent wood pulp that primarily contains cork fibers.

[0061] In various embodiments, the absorber core 16 may, if desired, include a quantity of superabsorbent material. Examples of suitable superabsorbent materials may include poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), poly(acrylamide), poly(vinyl ether), copolymers of maleic anhydride with vinyl ether and α-olefin, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(vinylmorpholinone), poly(vinyl alcohol), and their salts and copolymers. Other superabsorbent materials may comprise unmodified and modified natural polymers, such as hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-grafted starch, acrylic acid-grafted starch, methylcellulose, chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and natural gums such as alginate, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, etc. Mixtures of natural and wholly or partially synthetic superabsorbent polymers may also be used. The superabsorbent material may be present in the absorber core 16 in any desired amount.

[0062] Regardless of the combination of absorbent materials used in the absorbent core 16, the absorbent materials can be formed into a fibrous web structure using various conventional methods and techniques. For example, the absorbent fiber web can be formed using techniques such as, but not limited to, dry forming, air forming, wet forming, foam forming, and combinations thereof. Co-formed nonwoven materials can also be used. Methods and apparatus for implementing such techniques are well known in the art.

[0063] By way of example, suitable materials and / or structures for the absorbent core 16 may include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. Patent No. 4,610,678 to Weisman et al., U.S. Patent No. 6,060,636 to Yahiaoui et al., U.S. Patent No. 6,610,903 to Latimer et al., U.S. Patent No. 7,358,282 to Krueger et al., and U.S. Publication No. 2010 / 0174260 to Di Luccio et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0064] In one aspect, the absorbent core 16 may be a single-layer structure and may include a matrix such as cellulose fluff and superabsorbent material. Alternatively, the absorbent core 16 may have at least two material layers, such as, for example, a top-facing layer and a bottom-facing layer. In various embodiments, the two layers may be identical to each other. In various embodiments, the two layers may be different from each other. In such embodiments, the two layers may appropriately provide different absorption properties for the pet pad 10 as needed. In various embodiments, the top-facing layer of the absorbent core 16 may be constructed of an air-laid material, and the bottom-facing layer of the absorbent core 16 may be constructed of a compressed sheet containing a superabsorbent polymer. In such embodiments, the air-laid material may have a basis weight of about 30 gsm to about 100 gsm, and the compressed sheet containing the superabsorbent polymer may be a cellulose fluff-based material, which may be a combination of cellulose pulp and SAP, encapsulated with a tissue carrier and having a basis weight of about 10 gsm to about 70 gsm.

[0065] exist Figure 2In an illustrated embodiment, the absorbent core 16 includes a first layer 18 and a second layer 20. The second layer 20 may contain superabsorbent material, either alone or in combination with cellulose fluff. In one embodiment, for example, the second layer 20 may have a basis weight of about 30 gsm to about 100 gsm, such as about 40 gsm to about 80 gsm. The second layer 20 may contain a superabsorbent material in an amount of about 15 gsm to about 35 gsm and may contain cellulose fluff in an amount of about 25 gsm to about 45 gsm. Alternatively, the first layer 18 may include a tissue carrier fiber web. For example, the tissue fiber web may have a basis weight of about 10 gsm to about 20 gsm, such as about 12 gsm to about 15 gsm. The tissue fiber web not only supports the second layer 20 but may also help increase the saturation capacity of the product.

[0066] Liquids cannot pass through the backing layer:

[0067] Backing layer 14 is typically liquid-impermeable. Backing layer 14 allows air or vapor to pass through the pet pad 10 while still blocking liquid passage. Any liquid-impermeable material can typically be used to form backing layer 14. Backing layer 14 can consist of a single layer or multiple layers, and these single or multiple layers may themselves contain similar or different materials. Suitable materials available can be microporous polymer membranes, such as polyolefin membranes or polyethylene or polypropylene, nonwoven and nonwoven laminates, and membrane / nonwoven laminates. The specific structure and composition of backing layer 14 can be selected from a variety of known membranes and / or fabrics, wherein specific materials are suitably selected to provide desired levels of liquid barrier, strength, abrasion resistance, tactile properties, aesthetics, etc. In various embodiments, polyethylene membranes having a thickness ranging from about 0.2 mils or 0.5 mils to about 3.0 mils or 5.0 mils can be used. Examples of backing layer 14 can be polyethylene membranes, such as those available from Pliant Corp., Schaumburg, Ill., USA. Another example may include a calcium carbonate-filled polypropylene film. In yet another embodiment, the backing layer 14 may be a hydrophobic nonwoven material with water-barrier properties, such as a nonwoven laminate, an example of which may be a four-layer laminate consisting of a spunbond layer, a meltblown layer, a meltblown layer, and a spunbond layer. In one aspect, the backing layer may be a polymer film that is airtight and has a basis weight of about 18 gsm to about 24 gsm.

[0068] In various embodiments, the backing layer 14 can be a two-layer construction, comprising an outer layer material and an inner layer material that can be bonded together. The outer layer can be any suitable material and can be a material that provides a generally fabric-like texture or appearance to the wearer. An example of such a material could be a 100% polypropylene bonded combed fiber web with a diamond-patterned bonding pattern, such as 30gsm Sawabond 4185, available from Sandler AG (Germany).® Or equivalent materials. Another example of a suitable material for the outer layer could be a 17 gsm to 23 gsm spunbond polypropylene nonwoven mesh. The inner layer can be vapor-permeable (i.e., "breathable") or vapor-impermeable. The inner layer can be made of a thin plastic film, although other liquid-impermeable materials may also be used. The inner layer prevents liquid from leaking from the pet pad 10. Examples of inner layer materials could be printed 19 gsm BerryPlastics XP-8695H film or equivalents commercially available from Berry Plastics Corporation, Evansville, Ind., USA.

[0069] Therefore, the backing layer 14 can be a single-layer or multi-layer construction, such as a laminate of multiple membrane layers or membranes and nonwoven fiber layers. Suitable backing layers 14 can be constructed of materials such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 4,578,069 to Whitehead et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,376,799 to Tusim et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,695,849 to Shawver et al., U.S. Patent No. 6,075,179 to McCormack et al., and U.S. Patent No. 6,376,095 to Cheung et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0070] Flow layer:

[0071] In various embodiments, the pet pad 10 may optionally have a flow layer 22 in fluid communication with the top layer 12. For example, the flow layer 22 may be positioned between the top layer 12 and the absorbent core 16.

[0072] In various embodiments, the flow layer 22 may be made of a material capable of transferring the liquid delivered to the top layer 12 in the depth direction (Z). Any of the various materials may be used as the flow layer 22. In various embodiments, the material may be synthetic, cellulose-based, or a combination of synthetic and cellulose materials. In various embodiments, the flow layer 22 may be constructed of woven or nonwoven materials. For example, the flow layer 22 may be constructed as an air-laid or TABCW material. For example, air-laid cellulose tissue paper may be suitable for the flow layer 22. Air-laid cellulose tissue paper may have a basis weight of about 10 gsm or 12 gsm to about 30 gsm or 50 gsm. Air-laid cellulose tissue paper may be formed from hardwood fibers and / or softwood fibers. Air-laid cellulose tissue paper may have a fine porous structure and provide excellent wicking capacity.

[0073] In various embodiments, foam materials can be used to form the flow layer 22. In various embodiments, the foam material can be an open-cell or porous foam. The physical properties of the foam material, as well as its wettability and fluid management properties, can be modulated to meet specific properties desired for use in the pet mat 10. In various embodiments, the foam material can be moisture-stable and will not degrade or collapse and lose its structure and fluid management properties when exposed to liquids. In various embodiments, the foam material can be an open-cell, closed-cell, or partially open-cell foam, which is a thermoplastic or thermosetting material. The foam material can be manufactured by extrusion or casting and coating processes, including foaming, aerated, and emulsion foam methods. Such foams can be manufactured from different polymer chemicals to achieve the desired softness, flexibility, and elasticity of the foam material when used in the pet mat 10. In various embodiments, the foam material can be based on organic or inorganic chemicals and can also be based on foam materials obtained from natural sources. In various embodiments, the foam material may have polymeric chemistry, which may be polyurethane foam, polyolefin foam, poly(styrene-butadiene) foam, poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) foam, or silicone-based foam. Other polymeric chemicals known to those skilled in the art may be used with additives such as plasticizers, opacifiers, colorants, antioxidants, and stabilizers to obtain desired foam properties. In various embodiments, viscoelastic properties may be modified to give the foam material a desired response to applied loads, including properties similar to those commonly referred to as polyurethane memory foam materials. In various embodiments, the Poisson's ratio of the foam material may be modified to obtain a desired response of the foam material to applied stress, and, if desired, foam materials with tensile properties may be considered.

[0074] Porous foam materials may have pores of varying size and / or distribution. In various embodiments, the pore size of the foam material can be from about 10 micrometers to about 350 micrometers. In various embodiments, the foam material may have a multi-peak pore size distribution to accommodate multiple components within bodily effluents. In various embodiments, the multi-peak pore size distribution can be achieved within the same monolithic foam structure, or by using layers of foam material with a narrow pore size distribution, which, when combined into a single foam material, allows for a multi-peak pore size distribution across the combination of layers.

[0075] In various embodiments, the foam material may be a polyester polyurethane foam material. In various embodiments, the average pore size of the foam material may be from about 100 micrometers, 150 micrometers, or 200 micrometers to about 250 micrometers, 300 micrometers, or 350 micrometers. The number of open cells in the foam material provides a measurement of the porosity of the foam material. The porosity of the foam material is measured in pores per linear inch (ppi), and refers to the number of pores in a two-dimensional planar surface of the foam material per linear inch, as described by the Polyurethane Foam Association. The number of pores per linear inch is measured by visually counting the pores under a microscope using a grid. The smaller the ppi value of the foam material, the larger the pore size, and vice versa. In various embodiments, the foam material may have a porosity from about 20 ppi or 40 ppi to about 55 ppi, 65 ppi, or 90 ppi. In various embodiments utilizing open-cell foam materials, the foam material may be substantially open-celled or have a fully network structure. The networking of the foam material can be achieved by several methods known to those skilled in the art, including foams produced during foam formation via an in-situ networking process. Mesh foam materials can also be made by treating essentially open-cell foam materials with a high-pressure fluid flow to remove the pore walls of the foam material.

[0076] The foam material can be hydrophilic or hydrophobic, depending on the desired properties of the foam material in the pet pad 10. In various embodiments, the foam material can be a hydrophilic foam material. In various embodiments, the foam material can be hydrophobic and can be treated with a surfactant to produce a hydrophilic foam material. In various embodiments, for example, the material used to form the flow layer 22 can be a hydrophobic open-cell polyurethane foam treated with about 0.3% or 0.8% to about 1.6%, 2.0%, or 3.0% surfactant. In various embodiments, the surfactant used to treat the foam material can be a nonionic surfactant, such as a nonionic surfactant comprising at least an ethoxylated linear oleochemical alcohol, such as alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, such as LUTENSOL, which is commercially available from BASF. ® A65N, or ethoxylated acetylenic diol, such as SURFYNOL, which is commercially available from Air Products, Allentown, Pa. ® 465.

[0077] In one aspect, the flow layer 22 may include a nonwoven fiber web, such as a bonded carded fiber web. In another aspect, the bonded carded fiber web may be bonded by hot air. The nonwoven fiber web may, for example, include short fibers and binder fibers. In the production of the carded fiber web, a fiber bale may be placed in contact with an opener for separating the fibers. The fibers are then fed through a combing or carding unit, which further separates the fibers and optionally aligns them in one direction. Once the fiber web is formed, it is bonded using one or more bonding methods. In one aspect, the carded fiber web may be bonded using hot air bonding. For example, hot air bonding controls the level of compression or collapse of the nonwoven fiber web during the bonding process. The nonwoven fiber web may further include a hydrophilic treatment agent. The hydrophilic treatment agent may include polyethylene glycol laurate, polyethylene glycol lauryl ether, or combinations thereof. The nonwoven fiber web may have a basis weight of about 10 gsm to about 30 gsm, such as about 12 gsm to about 25 gsm.

[0078] Pet mat 10 may have a relatively low total basis weight. For example, the basis weight of pet mat 10 may be less than about 300 gsm, such as less than about 200 gsm, such as less than about 180 gsm, such as less than about 160 gsm, such as less than about 140 gsm. The basis weight of pet mat 10 may be greater than about 50 gsm, such as greater than about 70 gsm, such as greater than about 90 gsm, such as greater than about 100 gsm, such as greater than about 110 gsm.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, the pet mat 10 has a flat planar structure. The pet mat 10 can be constructed without any fasteners, side panels, elastic members, etc.

[0080] When constructing the pet mat 10, different layers can be adhered together using a hydrophilic adhesive. In one aspect, for example, the absorbent core 16 is produced using a hydrophilic adhesive and adhered to the top layer 12. The resulting structure can then be embossed and placed on the backing layer 14. Adhesive can be applied to the backing layer to create peripheral edges 24. Individual sheets can then be cut, and the product can be packaged.

[0081] The present disclosure can be better understood by referring to the following embodiments.

[0082] Example

[0083] Test program

[0084] As used in this paper, the fluid intake rate was determined as follows. A separatory funnel was placed in a 2" diameter ring holder, 5 cm above the work surface. 50 mL of a 0.9% (w / w) isotonic saline solution was poured into the funnel. The valve on the funnel was opened, and the flow rate was verified to be 6.7 ± 3 mL / s.

[0085] Weigh the pet mat to be tested and place it flat on a work surface. Position the bottom of the funnel above the center of the mat. Add 100 mL of saline solution to the empty funnel. The saline solution should be blue, if desired. Open the funnel valve and start a stopwatch simultaneously. After all the fluid has been absorbed from the surface of the mat, stop the stopwatch. Record the ingestion time in seconds and discard the pet mat.

[0086] As used herein, the liquid saturation capacity of the pet pad is determined as follows. The saturation capacity test is similar to the test described in WO2022 / 182961, which is incorporated herein by reference, and is measured according to the following procedure. The sample is prepared to the following dimensions: 1.88" in length and 1.88" in width. The sample is sealed in a spunbond nonwoven bag prior to testing to prevent material loss due to SAM swelling during testing. The spunbond nonwoven bag is made of 12gsm spunbond material cut into 6"×6" squares. The material is folded over, and two of the open sides are sealed to form the bag. The saturation capacity test is performed using a desktop saturation capacity tester as described herein. First, the mass of the dried sample is measured. Then, the sample is saturated in a saline solution (0.9 wt% NaCl) for 20 minutes and then allowed to drip dry for 1 minute. The sample is then placed on a sieve of a desktop saturation capacity tester (available from Taconic Plastics Inc., Petersburg, NY) with a 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) opening, and then placed on a vacuum chamber and covered with a flexible rubber dam material (such as a latex sheet). A vacuum of 3.5 kPa (0.5 psi) is applied to the chamber for 5-minute cycles. The sample is then removed from the vacuum chamber and weighed to determine its saturated or wet weight. If the material (such as superabsorbent material or fiber) is drawn through a glass fiber sieve while on the vacuum chamber, a sieve with a smaller opening should be used. Alternatively, a piece of tea bag material (such as heat-sealable tea bag material (Grade 542, available from Kimberly-Clark Corporation)) can be placed between the material and the sieve, and the final value adjusted for the fluidity held by the tea bag material. Saturation capacity is the total weight of the wet sample minus the dry weight of the sample. The result can be converted into the mass per unit absorbent area.

[0087] Example 1

[0088] Pet mats were prepared according to this disclosure, and fluid intake rates and saturation capacities were tested. The pet mat includes a top layer comprising a spunbond hydrophilic nonwoven fabric covering an absorbent core consisting of a flow-through layer, a liquid-absorbing layer, and a thin paper layer. The liquid-absorbing layer contains a superabsorbent material combined with cellulose fibers. The backing layer comprises an impermeable polymer membrane. The pet mat is as described above, and as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0089] When the test was conducted based on the fluid intake rate test, the following results were obtained:

[0090]

[0091] The saturation capacity of the pet pad, as described above, was also tested. The following results were obtained:

[0092]

[0093] As shown above, the product not only exhibits a very rapid rate of ingestion, but also shows a concentration greater than 0.3 g / cm³. 2 saturation capacity.

[0094] These and other modifications and variations of the invention can be practiced by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which are more specifically set forth in the appended claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that aspects of the various embodiments are interchangeable in whole or in part. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the invention further described in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A liquid-absorbent pet mat, the liquid-absorbent pet mat comprising a multi-layer planar structure, the multi-layer planar structure comprising: A liquid-permeable top layer is attached to a liquid-impermeable backing layer along the periphery of the pet pad. An absorbent core, which is housed between a top layer and a backing layer, comprises a superabsorbent material; as well as An embossed pattern is formed in at least the absorbent core, the embossed pattern including linear elements forming a receiving area for the superabsorbent material.

2. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 1, wherein the thread element extends along the length or width of the absorbent core.

3. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thread element is continuous.

4. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the embossed pattern comprises pairs of line elements extending along the length or width of the absorbent core, the pairs of line elements intersecting to form a receiving area.

5. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 1, wherein the thread elements are formed in discrete shapes, each discrete shape including a receiving area, the discrete shapes having different dimensions.

6. The liquid absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the containing area is surrounded by an open area, and wherein the absorbent core has a surface area, and wherein the containing area occupies about 10% to about 60% of the surface area, such as about 15% to about 50% of the surface area, and the open area occupies about 40% to about 90% of the surface area, such as about 50% to about 85% of the surface area.

7. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 4, wherein each pair of thread elements has a wavy shape, and wherein all of the pair of thread elements extend in the same direction and are spaced apart on the surface of the absorbent core.

8. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to claim 4 or 7, wherein the thread elements are further formed into discrete shapes, the discrete shapes being positioned between the thread elements, the thread elements extending over the length or width of the absorbent core.

9. The liquid absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the absorbent core comprises a blend of the superabsorbent material and fluffy cellulose fibers.

10. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the absorbent core comprises at least two layers, a first layer comprising the superabsorbent material, the first layer being positioned on a second layer, and the second layer comprising a paper fiber mesh.

11. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 10, wherein the absorbent core further comprises a third layer positioned on top of the second layer, the third layer comprising a flow-through material.

12. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the top liquid-permeable layer comprises a spunbond web.

13. The liquid absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the superabsorbent material is contained within a layer in the absorbent core, the layer having a basis weight of about 40 gsm to about 80 gsm.

14. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pet pad exhibits a fluid intake rate of less than about 24 seconds, such as less than about 22 seconds.

15. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pet pad exhibits a value greater than about 0.3 g / cm³. 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.32 g / cm³ 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.34 g / cm³ 2 saturation capacity.

16. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the top layer and the backing layer are attached together by an adhesive, the adhesive being positioned only along the periphery of the top layer and the backing layer, the adhesive extending around the entire periphery, the adhesive directly attaching the top layer to the backing layer.

17. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 16, wherein the absorbent core does not extend into the peripheral edges of the top layer and the backing layer, where the two layers are attached together.

18. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 16 or 17, wherein the adhesive comprises a hydrophobic adhesive.

19. A liquid-absorbent pet mat, the liquid-absorbent pet mat comprising a multi-layer planar structure, the multi-layer planar structure comprising: A liquid-permeable top layer is attached to a liquid-impermeable backing layer along the periphery of the pet pad. An absorbent core, which is housed between the top layer and the backing layer, comprises a superabsorbent material; as well as An embossed pattern is formed in at least the absorbent core, the embossed pattern comprising line elements extending along the length or width of the absorbent core, at least some of the line elements being spaced apart and not intersecting.

20. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the thread elements are continuous and the embossed pattern comprises spaced-apart pairs of thread elements, each pair intersecting to form a containment area for the superabsorbent material.

21. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19 or 20, wherein the thread elements are further formed in discrete shapes between the thread elements extending over the length or width of the absorbent core, the discrete shapes having different dimensions.

22. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the receiving area is surrounded by an open area, and wherein the absorbent core has a surface area, and wherein the receiving area comprises about 10% to about 60% of the surface area, such as about 15% to about 50% of the surface area, and the open area comprises about 40% to about 90% of the surface area, such as about 50% to about 85% of the surface area.

23. The liquid absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the absorbent core comprises a blend of the superabsorbent material and fluffy cellulose fibers.

24. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the absorbent core comprises at least two layers, the first layer comprising the superabsorbent material, the first layer being positioned on the second layer, the second layer comprising a paper fiber mesh.

25. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the absorbent core further comprises a third layer positioned on top of the second layer, the third layer comprising a flow-through material.

26. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the top liquid-permeable layer comprises a spunbond fiber web.

27. The liquid absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the superabsorbent material is contained within a layer in the absorbent core, the layer having a basis weight of about 40 gsm to about 80 gsm.

28. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the pet pad exhibits a fluid intake rate of less than about 24 seconds, such as less than about 22 seconds.

29. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the pet pad exhibits a value greater than about 0.3 g / cm³. 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.32 g / cm³ 2 Such as greater than approximately 0.34 g / cm³ 2 saturation capacity.

30. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 19, wherein the top layer and the backing layer are attached together by an adhesive, the adhesive being positioned only along the periphery of the top layer and the backing layer, the adhesive extending around the entire periphery, the adhesive directly attaching the top layer to the backing layer.

31. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 30, wherein the absorbent core does not extend into the peripheral edges of the top layer and the backing layer, where the two layers are attached together.

32. The liquid absorbent pet pad of claim 30 or 31, wherein the adhesive comprises a hydrophobic adhesive.

33. A liquid-absorbent pet mat, the liquid-absorbent pet mat comprising a multi-layer planar structure, the multi-layer planar structure comprising: A liquid-permeable top layer is attached to a liquid-impermeable backing layer along the periphery of the pet pad. An absorbent core, which is housed between the top layer and the backing layer, comprises a superabsorbent material; An embossed pattern is formed in at least the absorbent core; and The top layer and the backing layer are attached together by an adhesive, which is positioned only along the periphery of the top layer and the backing layer.

34. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 33, wherein the adhesive extends around the entire periphery of the top layer and the backing layer.

35. The liquid-absorbent pet pad of claim 33 or 34, wherein the absorbent core does not extend into the peripheral edges of the top layer and the backing layer, where the two layers are attached together.

36. The liquid-absorbent pet pad according to any one of claims 33 to 35, wherein the adhesive comprises a hydrophobic adhesive.

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