Aeroponic and hydroponic planting system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of aeroponic and hydroponic planting equipment, and discloses an aeroponic and hydroponic planting system which comprises a lifting planting device and a nutrient solution supply device. The lifting planting device comprises a culture box, a driving mechanism, a planting plate and a root sensing device; the top of the incubator is provided with an opening, and the planting plate is mounted at the top end opening of the incubator in a vertically movable manner; the root system sensing device is arranged on one side of the incubator and used for detecting whether a plant root system exists below the planting plate or not; the driving mechanism is mounted on the incubator; when the root sensing device detects a plant root, the planting plate is driven to move upwards; manual adjustment is not needed, the automation degree is high, and operation is easier and more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of aeroponics and hydroponic planting equipment, and more specifically, to an aeroponics and hydroponic planting system. Background Art

[0002] Hydroponics is a soilless cultivation method for plants. Its core is to directly immerse the roots of plants in nutrient solution. This nutrient solution can replace soil and provide plants with water, nutrients, oxygen and other growth factors, so that plants can grow normally; fog cultivation, also known as aeroponics, is a new type of cultivation method. It uses a spray device to atomize the nutrient solution into small droplets and spray it directly onto the roots of plants to provide the water and nutrients needed for plant growth. It is a soilless cultivation technology.

[0003] The invention patent application with application publication number CN110612907A discloses a potato virus-free seed potato cultivation system. As shown in paragraph 0041 of the specification, as the plant roots grow, in order to provide a larger growth space, the distance between the water tank and the planting plate is gradually increased by turning the adjusting screw, and aeroponics is still used. After the potatoes enter the tuber swelling period, aeroponics is stopped and hydroponics is used instead. It is only necessary to adjust the distance between the water tank and the planting plate so that the part of the potato roots below which there is no potato original seed is immersed in the culture solution.

[0004] In the above scheme, the distance between the planting plate and the water tank is adjusted by an adjusting screw. During aeroponics, the height of the planting plate needs to be continuously adjusted as the plant roots grow to ensure a suitable aeroponics height. This requires frequent manual tightening of the adjusting screw, which is extremely cumbersome and inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a fog culture and hydroponic planting system for solving the technical problem that the height of the planting plate needs to be constantly adjusted as the plant roots grow, and the adjustment screws need to be frequently manually screwed, which is extremely cumbersome and inconvenient to operate.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is a fog culture and hydroponic planting system, including a lifting and planting device and a nutrient solution supply device; the lifting and planting device includes a culture box, a driving mechanism, a planting plate and a root sensor device; the top of the culture box is open, and the planting plate can be installed on the top port of the culture box so as to be movable up and down; the root sensor device is arranged on one side of the culture box to detect whether there are plant roots under the planting plate; the driving mechanism is installed on the culture box, and drives the planting plate to move upward when the root sensor device detects the plant roots.

[0007] This solution first uses a root sensing device to detect whether there are roots under the planting plate. When the roots grow long, the root sensing device detects the plant roots, and the driving mechanism drives the planting plate to move upward, while also driving the plant roots to move upward. When the root sensing device cannot detect the plant roots, the driving mechanism stops driving the planting plate to rise, so that the tip of the plant root always maintains a fixed height with the incubator, ensuring that the plant roots are at the optimal mist cultivation height to ensure that it has a better mist cultivation effect. This method does not require manual adjustment, has a high degree of automation, and is easier to operate.

[0008] Furthermore, the root sensing device is a distance sensor arranged on one side of the incubator port, and the sensing end of the distance sensor is directly opposite to the bottom of the planting plate. Under normal conditions, the distance detected by the distance sensor is relatively large. When the plant roots grow longer, they will block the sensing end of the distance sensor, so that the distance detected by the distance sensor becomes smaller. At this time, the driving mechanism drives the planting plate to rise, and when it rises to the point where it is separated from the sensing end of the distance sensor, and the distance sensor cannot measure the distance, the driving mechanism stops, and at this time, the height of the bottom of the plant root system is just at the optimal mist cultivation height.

[0009] Furthermore, two sliding rods are arranged in parallel on both sides of the incubator port; two sliding sleeves are connected to each sliding rod in a damping sliding manner; the two sliding sleeves on one sliding rod are connected to the two ends of one side of the planting plate through a connecting rod, and the two sliding sleeves on the other sliding rod are connected to the two ends of the other side of the planting plate through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is movably connected to the planting plate and the sliding sleeve; the incubator port is fixed with a vertically upward guide rod, and the planting plate is provided with a guide hole slidably connected to the guide rod. The sliding sleeve is dampedly connected to the sliding rod, and the planting plate can move downward slowly when it is descended after being unpowered, so as not to damage the plant root system; the sliding rod is arranged horizontally, and the gravity of the planting plate, the connecting rod and the sliding sleeve is perpendicular to the outer circumference of the sliding rod downward, which can provide greater resistance than the vertically arranged sliding rod, and can make the planting plate descend more slowly; the guide rod and the guide hole are mainly used to limit the lifting direction of the planting plate in order to make the planting plate rise and fall vertically, and at the same time position the planting plate so that the planting plate is always located in the middle of the incubator port and will not deviate to the left or right with sliding.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving mechanism has a power failure function, and the driving mechanism is a cylinder, and two cylinders are provided, which are respectively arranged between the sliding sleeves on the two sliding rods. After the cylinder is powered off, the air pressure cannot be maintained, so that under the condition of gravity, the distance between the two sliding sleeves cannot be maintained, and the planting plate can slowly descend to the incubator port by its own gravity.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting and planting device also includes a spray pipe, which is arranged at the bottom of the culture box. The spray pipe is arranged in the culture box, and the culture box can collect the nutrient solution flowing down from the aeroponic culture and use it for subsequent liquid culture, so as to realize the recycling of the nutrient solution.

[0012] Furthermore, the spray pipe includes a main pipe and a branch pipe, and the main pipe is provided with a plurality of branch pipes, and the branch pipes are arranged directly below the gaps of the planting holes on the planting plate. If the branch pipes are not arranged below the gaps of the planting holes on the planting plate, when the root system is long, the branch pipes are likely to damage the plant root system after it falls, and the root system is likely to be entangled with the branch pipe and cannot be separated.

[0013] Furthermore, the nutrient solution supply device includes a liquid storage barrel, a water pump and a filter. The liquid storage barrel is connected to the spray pipe through a pipeline, and the water pump and the filter are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel and the spray pipe. The water pump mainly provides power to suck the nutrient solution from the liquid storage barrel into the spray pipe, and the filter is mainly used to filter the sucked nutrient solution to prevent the spray pipe from being blocked by excessive impurities in the nutrient solution.

[0014] Furthermore, the nutrient solution supply device also includes a solenoid valve, the bottom of the liquid storage barrel is connected to the bottom of the incubator through a pipeline, the bottom of the liquid storage barrel is higher than the bottom of the incubator, and the solenoid valve is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel and the incubator. During aeroponics, the solenoid valve is mainly used to cut off the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel and the incubator. When the power is off, the planting plate descends to the incubator port, and the plant roots fall into the incubator. The solenoid valve fails to open, and the nutrient solution in the liquid storage barrel flows into the incubator, submerging the plant roots that fall into it, so as to perform hydroponics and prevent the plants from drying up.

[0015] Furthermore, the incubator is provided with a discharge valve connected to the bottom thereof, which is mainly used to discharge the liquid in the incubator, making it easier to clean the inside of the incubator.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: this scheme first detects whether there are roots under the planting plate through the root sensing device. When the roots grow long, the root sensing device detects the plant roots, and the driving mechanism drives the planting plate to move upward, while driving the plant roots to move upward. When the root sensing device cannot detect the plant roots, the driving mechanism stops driving the planting plate to rise, so that the tip of the plant root system always maintains a fixed height with the incubator, ensuring that the plant roots are at the optimal fog cultivation height to ensure that it has a better fog cultivation effect. This method does not require manual adjustment, has a high degree of automation, and is easier to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting and planting device of the utility model.

[0019] In the figure: 1. lifting and planting device, 2. nutrient solution supply device, 3. incubator, 4. driving mechanism, 5. planting plate, 6. root sensor, 7. spray tube, 8. slide rod, 9. sleeve, 10. connecting rod, 11. guide rod, 12. guide hole, 13. branch pipe, 14. liquid storage barrel, 15. water pump, 16. filter, 17. solenoid valve, 18. discharge valve, 19. main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The drawings of the present invention are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0021] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the present solution discloses an aeroponic and hydroponic planting system, including a lifting and planting device 1 and a nutrient solution supply device 2.

[0022] The lifting and planting device 1 includes an incubator 3, a driving mechanism 4, a planting plate 5 and a root sensing device 6; the top of the incubator 3 is open, and the planting plate 5 can be installed on the top port of the incubator 3 so as to be movable up and down, the driving mechanism 4 is used to drive the planting plate 5 to lift and lower, and the root sensing device 6 is used to detect the roots of plants on the planting plate; two sliding rods 8 are arranged in parallel on both sides of the port of the incubator 3; each sliding rod 8 is connected to two sliding sleeves 9 in a damping sliding manner; the two sliding sleeves 9 on one of the sliding rods 8 are respectively connected to the two ends of one side of the planting plate 5 through a connecting rod 10, and the two sliding sleeves 9 on the other sliding rod 8 are respectively connected to the two ends of the other side of the planting plate 5 through a connecting rod 10, and the connecting rod 10 is movably connected to the planting plate 5 and the sliding sleeve 9; a vertically upward guide rod 11 is fixed to the port of the incubator 3, and a guide hole 12 slidably connected to the guide rod 11 is arranged on the planting plate 5.

[0023] The sliding sleeve 9 is connected with the sliding rod 8 in a damping manner. When the planting plate 5 is de-powered, it can move slowly downward to avoid rapid descent and damage to the plant roots; the sliding rod 8 is arranged horizontally, and the gravity of the planting plate 5, the connecting rod 10 and the sliding sleeve 9 are all perpendicular to the outer circumference of the sliding rod 8 and downward, which can increase the friction force. Compared with the vertically arranged sliding rod 8, it can provide greater resistance and can make the planting plate 5 descend more slowly; the guide rod 11 and the guide hole 12 are mainly used to make the planting plate 5 rise and fall vertically, to limit the lifting direction of the planting plate 5, and to position the planting plate 5 at the same time, so that the planting plate 5 is always located in the middle of the port of the incubator 3 and will not deviate to the left or right as it slides.

[0024] The root sensing device 6 is arranged on one side of the incubator 3 to detect whether there are plant roots under the planting plate 5; the driving mechanism 4 is installed on the incubator 3, and drives the planting plate 5 to move upward when the root sensing device 6 detects the plant roots.

[0025] The root sensing device 6 is a distance sensor arranged on one side of the port of the incubator 3, and the sensing end of the distance sensor is directly opposite to the bottom of the planting plate 5. The distance sensor can be a laser distance sensor, an infrared distance sensor, etc., and the root sensing device 6 can also be a position sensor, such as a laser position sensor, a visual position sensor, etc.; under normal conditions, the sensing end of the distance sensor cannot detect the distance. When the plant root system grows long, it will block the sensing end of the distance sensor, so that the distance sensor detects the distance. When the position sensor is used, the position sensor detects the long plant root system, and then the driving mechanism 4 drives the planting plate 5 to rise, and the planting plate 5 drives the plant root system to rise and separate from the sensing end of the distance sensor or the sensing end of the position sensor, so that the distance sensor returns to a state where it cannot measure the distance, and the driving mechanism 4 stops. At this time, the height of the bottom of the plant root system is just at the optimal fog cultivation height. The root sensing device 6 can realize automatic control with the driving mechanism 4 by transmitting a signal to the single-chip microcomputer, and then controlling the driving mechanism 4 to drive the planting plate 5 to rise through the single-chip microcomputer.

[0026] The driving mechanism 4 has a power failure failure function. The driving mechanism 4 is a cylinder. Two cylinders are provided, which are respectively arranged between the sleeves 9 on the two slide bars 8. The power failure failure function is a function that cannot maintain the current state after power failure. For example, the cylinder cannot maintain air pressure after power failure, so that under the condition of gravity, the distance between the two sleeves 9 cannot be maintained, and the planting plate 5 slowly descends to the port of the incubator 3 by its own gravity. Other driving mechanisms 4 with power failure failure functions can also be used; such as using a motor, a winding roller and a connecting wire, fixing the winding roller on one of the sleeves 9, and winding the connecting wire on its motor output shaft, and the end of the connecting wire is connected to the sleeve 9 on the other side of the same slide bar 8. When the power is off, the motor loses power and the rotor rotates to spread the connecting wire wound thereon, and the planting plate 5 can slowly descend. Other driving mechanisms 4 with power failure failure functions can also be used, which belong to the technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The lifting and planting device 1 also includes a spray pipe 7, which is arranged at the bottom of the culture box 3. The spray pipe 7 is arranged in the culture box 3, and the culture box 3 can collect the nutrient solution flowing down from the mist culture and use it for subsequent liquid culture, so as to realize the recycling of the nutrient solution. The spray pipe 7 includes a main pipe 19 and a branch pipe 13. The main pipe 19 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes 13, and the branch pipe 13 is arranged directly below the gap of the planting hole on the planting plate 5. If the branch pipe 13 is not arranged below the gap of the planting hole on the planting plate 5, when the root system is long, when hydroponics is performed later, the branch pipe 13 is easy to damage the plant root system after the planting plate 5 falls, and it is easy to cause the root system to entangle the branch pipe 13 and cannot be separated.

[0028] The incubator 3 is provided with a discharge valve 18 connected to the bottom thereof. The discharge valve 18 is mainly used to discharge the liquid in the incubator 3, making it easier to clean the inside of the incubator 3.

[0029] The nutrient solution supply device 2 is used to supply the nutrient solution to the culture box 3. The nutrient solution supply device 2 includes a liquid storage barrel 14, a water pump 15 and a filter 16. The liquid storage barrel 14 is connected to the spray pipe 7 through a pipeline. The water pump 15 and the filter 16 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel 14 and the spray pipe 7. The water pump 15 mainly provides power to suck the nutrient solution from the liquid storage barrel 14 into the spray pipe 7. The filter 16 is mainly used to filter the sucked nutrient solution to prevent the spray pipe 7 from being blocked by excessive impurities in the nutrient solution.

[0030] The nutrient solution supply device 2 also includes a solenoid valve 17. The bottom of the liquid storage barrel 14 is connected to the bottom of the culture box 3 through a pipeline. The bottom of the liquid storage barrel 14 is higher than the bottom of the culture box 3. The solenoid valve 17 is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel 14 and the culture box 3. The solenoid valve 17 is mainly used to cut off the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel 14 and the culture box 3 to prevent a large amount of nutrient solution from flowing into the culture box 3 during aeroponics. When the power is off, the planting plate 5 drops to the port of the culture box 3, and the roots under the planting plate 5 fall into the interior of the culture box 3. The solenoid valve 17 fails to open, and the nutrient solution in the liquid storage barrel 14 flows into the culture box 3, and the plant roots that fall into it are submerged for hydroponics.

[0031] This solution has three usage states, which are described below one by one:

[0032] 1. Under normal circumstances, an automated mist cultivation method is adopted, which has a high degree of automation and is easier to operate. By controlling the water pump 15, the nutrient solution in the liquid storage barrel 14 is pumped into the branch pipe 13 through the pipeline and the main pipe 19. The branch pipe 13 outputs the mist nutrient solution to perform mist cultivation on the plant roots below the planting plate 5. When the plant roots are long and the sensing end of the root sensor 6 detects the plant roots, the driving mechanism 4 drives the planting plate 5 to move upward, and at the same time drives the plant roots to move upward, and stops when the root sensor 6 cannot detect the plant roots; no matter how long the plant roots are, by adjusting in this way, the tip of the plant root can maintain a fixed height with the culture box 3, ensuring that the plant roots are always at the optimal mist cultivation height to ensure that it has a better mist cultivation effect. This method does not require manual adjustment and is more convenient to use.

[0033] 2. In case of power failure, the system automatically switches to hydroponics to prevent plants from drying up. After power failure, the solenoid valve 17 opens, and the nutrient solution in the liquid storage barrel 14 flows into the incubator 3; at the same time, the air pressure in the cylinder decreases, and the pulling force between the two sleeves 9 on the slide bar 8 disappears. Due to the gravity of the planting plate 5, the sleeve 9 slides toward the end of the slide bar 8 with damping, and the planting plate 5 gradually descends to the port of the incubator 3. The roots under the planting plate 5 are immersed in the nutrient solution in the incubator 3 to achieve hydroponics.

[0034] 3. During hydroponics, the planting plate 5 can be pulled up regularly by setting a program to prevent the roots from being damaged by water. After a long period of hydroponics, the cylinder is shortened by program setting, and the cylinder pulls the two sliding sleeves 9 on the same sliding rod 8 to move toward each other, so that the two connecting rods 10 tend to move vertically, thereby supporting the planting plate 5 to raise it, and the roots under the planting plate 5 are pulled up from the nutrient solution in the incubator 3, which can prevent the nutrient solution from damaging the plant roots.

[0035] Obviously, the above embodiments of the utility model are only examples for clearly explaining the technical solution of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. An aeroponic and hydroponic planting system, characterized in that: It comprises a lifting and planting device (1) and a nutrient solution supply device (2); the lifting and planting device (1) comprises a culture box (3), a driving mechanism (4), a planting plate (5) and a root system sensing device (6); The top of the incubator (3) is open, and the planting plate (5) is installed on the top port of the incubator (3) so as to be movable up and down; the root system sensing device (6) is arranged on one side of the incubator (3) and is used to detect whether there are plant roots below the planting plate (5); the driving mechanism (4) is installed on the incubator (3) and drives the planting plate (5) to move upward when the root system sensing device (6) detects plant roots.

2. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root system sensing device (6) is a distance measuring sensor arranged on one side of the port of the culture box (3), and the sensing end of the distance measuring sensor is directly facing the bottom of the planting plate (5).

3. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sliding rods (8) are arranged in parallel on both sides of the port of the incubator (3); each sliding rod (8) is connected to two sliding sleeves (9) in a damping sliding manner; the two sliding sleeves (9) on one sliding rod (8) are respectively connected to the two ends of one side of the planting plate (5) through a connecting rod (10), and the two sliding sleeves (9) on the other sliding rod (8) are respectively connected to the two ends of the other side of the planting plate (5) through a connecting rod (10), and the connecting rod (10) is movably connected to the planting plate (5) and the sliding sleeves (9); a vertically upward guide rod (11) is fixed to the port of the incubator (3), and a guide hole (12) slidably connected to the guide rod (11) is arranged on the planting plate (5).

4. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) has a power-off failure function. The driving mechanism (4) is a cylinder. Two cylinders are provided and are respectively arranged between the sliding sleeves (9) on the two sliding rods (8).

5. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and planting device (1) further comprises a spray pipe (7), and the spray pipe (7) is arranged at the bottom of the culture box (3).

6. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spray pipe (7) comprises a main pipe (19) and a branch pipe (13). The main pipe (19) is provided with a plurality of branch pipes (13). The branch pipes (13) are arranged directly below the gaps of the planting holes on the planting plate (5).

7. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nutrient solution supply device (2) comprises a liquid storage barrel (14), a water pump (15) and a filter (16); the liquid storage barrel (14) is connected to the spray pipe (7) via a pipeline; the water pump (15) and the filter (16) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel (14) and the spray pipe (7).

8. The aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nutrient solution supply device (2) further comprises a solenoid valve (17); the inner bottom of the liquid storage barrel (14) is connected to the inner bottom of the incubator (3) via a pipeline; the inner bottom of the liquid storage barrel (14) is higher than the inner bottom of the incubator (3); and the solenoid valve (17) is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid storage barrel (14) and the incubator (3).

9. An aeroponic and hydroponic planting system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The incubator (3) is provided with a discharge valve (18) which is in communication with the bottom thereof.

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