Battery end cover structure and battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery end cover structure and a battery. The battery end cover structure comprises a cover plate and an insulating component, an anti-explosion valve is arranged on the cover plate, and a protruding structure is arranged at the position, close to the anti-explosion valve, of the cover plate. The protruding structure protrudes out of the inner side face, facing the pole group, of the cover plate and is suitable for abutting against the pole group so that a gap can be formed between the pole group and the inner side face of the cover plate. The insulation assembly is arranged on the inner side face of the cover plate, and an avoiding groove is formed in the insulation assembly to avoid the protruding structure. The insulation assembly plays a role in insulation between the pole group and the cover plate. And secondly, after the battery is subjected to thermal runaway, the insulation assembly is melted to cause movement of the pole group due to over-high internal temperature of the battery. At the moment, the bulge structure on the cover plate can support the pole group, so that a gap is formed between the pole group and the inner side surface of the cover plate, the pole group is prevented from shielding or blocking the anti-explosion valve, the risk of explosion of the battery is further prevented, and the safety of the battery is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery end cover structure and a battery. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of technology, batteries have been widely used in many fields, and battery safety has gradually become a crucial issue in the field of battery technology.

[0003] The battery generally includes a housing, an end cap disposed on the housing, a pole group disposed inside the housing, and an insulating component. The insulating component acts as an insulator between the end cap and the pole group. An explosion-proof valve is disposed on the cover plate. When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated inside the battery can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve in time to ensure battery safety.

[0004] However, the insulation components of existing batteries are all made of plastic. When the battery has thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery rises rapidly, causing the bare cell insulation sheet and the lower plastic and other insulation structures to melt. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated inside the pole group will quickly spray toward the explosion-proof valve and drive the pole group to move. Due to the lack of support from plastic parts, the pole group can easily block or block the explosion-proof valve, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery cannot be discharged from the explosion-proof valve in time, which can cause the battery to catch fire or even explode. It can be seen that the existing batteries still cannot meet the requirements for safety performance after thermal runaway occurs. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a battery end cover structure and a battery to solve the problem that after thermal runaway occurs in the existing battery, the pole group moves and easily blocks the explosion-proof valve due to the melting of the plastic parts.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0007] The battery end cover structure comprises:

[0008] The cover plate is made of metal material, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the cover plate, a convex structure is arranged near the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate, the convex structure protrudes from the inner side surface of the cover plate facing the electrode group, and the convex structure is suitable for abutting against the electrode group so that there is a gap between the electrode group and the inner side surface of the cover plate;

[0009] The insulating component is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate, and an avoidance groove is arranged on the insulating component to avoid the protruding structure.

[0010] Optionally, part of the cover plate is recessed toward the pole group to form a convex structure.

[0011] Optionally, the thickness of the side wall of the protruding structure is 30%-100% of the thickness of the cover plate, and the thickness of the bottom wall of the protruding structure is 30%-100% of the thickness of the cover plate.

[0012] Optionally, at least two protrusion structures are arranged along the length direction of the cover plate.

[0013] Optionally, the height of the protruding structure protruding from the inner side surface of the cover plate is 1 mm-7 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the length of the protruding structure along the width direction of the cover plate is 20%-80% of the width of the cover plate.

[0015] Optionally, a perpendicular distance between an end surface of the cover plate in the width direction and a side wall of the protruding structure close to the end surface is greater than 90% of the thickness of the cover plate.

[0016] Optionally, a distance between one end of the explosion-proof valve along the length direction of the cover plate and a vertical line of a side wall of the protruding structure close to the explosion-proof valve is ≥5 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the insulating assembly includes an end plate and a lower plastic, the end plate is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate, the lower plastic is arranged on the side of the end plate facing the pole group, a through hole is arranged on the end plate at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, an opening is arranged on the lower plastic, and the through hole and the opening are connected.

[0018] The battery comprises an electrode group, a shell and the above-mentioned battery end cover structure, wherein the cover plate is arranged on the open part of the shell, and the electrode group is arranged inside the shell.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] The battery end cover structure and battery provided by the utility model have an insulating component that plays an insulating role between the electrode group and the cover plate, ensuring that the electrode group will not short-circuit with the cover plate. Secondly, due to the excessively high temperature inside the battery, the insulating component melts, and the electrode group is driven to move due to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated inside the electrode group. At this time, the raised structure on the cover plate can support the electrode group to prevent the electrode group from blocking or clogging the explosion-proof valve, and a gap is created between the electrode group and the inner side of the cover plate, so that the gas can smoothly pass through the gap and be discharged from the explosion-proof valve, thereby preventing the risk of battery explosion and greatly improving the safety of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the battery end cover structure provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2This is a structural schematic diagram of the battery end cover structure provided by the utility model.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Cover plate; 11. Raised structure;

[0026] 2. Explosion-proof valve;

[0027] 3. Insulation component; 31. Lower plastic; 311. Bottom plate; 3111. Through hole; 312. Side plate; 32. End plate; 321. Opening; 322. Avoidance groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0032] In the field of battery technology, after thermal runaway occurs in existing batteries, the temperature inside the battery rises rapidly, causing the bare cell insulation sheet and the lower plastic and other insulating structures to melt, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated inside the pole group will quickly spray out toward the explosion-proof valve, and drive the pole group to move. Due to the lack of support from plastic parts, the pole group can easily block or block the explosion-proof valve, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery cannot be discharged from the explosion-proof valve in time, which can cause the battery to catch fire or even explode. It can be seen that the existing batteries still cannot meet the requirements for safety performance after thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, this embodiment provides a battery end cover structure to solve the problem that after thermal runaway occurs in existing batteries, the pole group moves and easily blocks the explosion-proof valve due to the melting of plastic parts, as follows.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery end cover structure, which includes a cover plate 1 and an insulating component 3. The cover plate 1 is made of metal material, and an explosion-proof valve 2 is provided on the cover plate 1. A protruding structure 11 is provided on the cover plate 1 near the explosion-proof valve 2. The protruding structure 11 protrudes from the inner side of the cover plate 1 facing the pole group, and the protruding structure 11 is suitable for abutting against the pole group so that there is a gap between the pole group and the inner side of the cover plate 1. The insulating component 3 is provided on the inner side of the cover plate 1, and an avoidance groove 322 is provided on the insulating component 3 to avoid the protruding structure 11.

[0034] In the battery end cover structure provided in this embodiment, the insulating component 3 plays an insulating role between the electrode group and the cover plate 1, ensuring that the electrode group will not short-circuit with the cover plate 1. Secondly, when the battery thermal runaway occurs, the insulating component 3 melts due to the excessively high temperature inside the battery, and the electrode group is driven to move due to the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated inside the electrode group. At this time, the raised structure 11 on the cover plate 1 can support the electrode group to prevent the electrode group from blocking or clogging the explosion-proof valve 2, and a gap is provided between the electrode group and the inner side of the cover plate 1, so that the gas can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve 2 smoothly through the gap, thereby preventing the risk of battery explosion and greatly improving the safety of the battery.

[0035] The explosion-proof valve 2 is a battery component that is commonly known in the art. Any type of explosion-proof valve 2 is applicable to this embodiment. This embodiment does not introduce and limit the specific structure of the explosion-proof valve 2 in detail.

[0036] Preferably, the cover plate 1 is made of a plain aluminum plate, which has the advantages of high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, and easy processing, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0037] Furthermore, part of the cover plate 1 is recessed toward the electrode group to form a convex structure 11. The convex structure 11 is an integral structure with the cover plate 1, which is easier to process and improves the bending rigidity of the cover plate 1, preventing the cover plate 1 from being damaged due to the high internal gas pressure of the battery after thermal runaway occurs, further improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0038] In this embodiment, the protruding structure 11 can be punched out on the cover plate 1 by a stamping process. The stamping process is an efficient and low-cost processing method, which is suitable for the production of a large number of parts, and thus can greatly improve the manufacturing efficiency of the cover plate 1. Moreover, waste can be reduced or even eliminated during the processing, which greatly saves materials.

[0039] Furthermore, the side wall thickness of the protruding structure 11 is 30%-100% of the thickness of the cover plate 1, and the bottom wall thickness of the protruding structure 11 is 30%-100% of the thickness of the cover plate 1. This solution ensures that the protruding structure 11 has a high structural strength, and ensures that the protruding structure 11 can support the pole group moving in the battery, and the thickness of the protruding structure 11 is convenient for stamping and forming the protruding structure 11. The side wall thickness and bottom wall thickness of the protruding structure 11 of this embodiment can be the same thickness or different thicknesses. Those skilled in the art can set the thickness of the protruding structure 11 according to actual conditions.

[0040] Furthermore, at least two protruding structures 11 are provided along the length direction of the cover plate 1. This solution makes the two or more protruding structures 11 support the electrode group more stably, so that the electrode group will not deviate sideways in the battery, and prevent the electrode group from moving and blocking or blocking the explosion-proof valve 2, further improving the safety of the battery.

[0041] Specifically, a protruding structure 11 is respectively provided at both ends of the explosion-proof valve 2 along the length direction of the cover plate 1. The remaining multiple protruding structures 11 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cover plate 1. The protruding structures 11 on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 2 jointly support the electrode group, so that there is a gap between the electrode group and the explosion-proof valve 2. Of course, the protruding structure 11 can also be provided only on both sides of the explosion-proof valve 2. Therefore, no matter how the electrode group moves in the battery shell, a gap is always formed between the electrode group and the cover plate 1, and the electrode group cannot block the explosion-proof valve 2. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve 2 through the gap. This solution further enables the protruding structure 11 to support the electrode group more stably and effectively.

[0042] The protruding structure 11 of the present embodiment can also be provided on the cover plate 1 near the explosion-proof valve 2. One explosion-proof valve 2 can also effectively support the electrode group, so that there is a gap between the electrode group and the explosion-proof valve 2, thereby preventing the electrode group from blocking the explosion-proof valve 2, so as to improve the safety of the battery.

[0043] Furthermore, the height of the protruding structure 11 protruding from the cover plate 1 is 1 mm to 7 mm. This solution enables the protruding structure 11 to effectively support the electrode group, so that a gap is formed between the electrode group and the explosion-proof valve 2, and the gas in the battery can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve 2 through the gap space, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to insulate the electrode group and the cover plate 1, the insulating assembly 3 includes a lower plastic 31 and an end plate 32. The lower plastic 31 is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate 1, and the end plate 32 is arranged on the side of the lower plastic 31 facing the electrode group. A through hole 3111 is arranged on the lower plastic 31 at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 2, and an opening 321 is arranged on the end plate 32. The opening 321 is specifically opened on the side of the end plate 32, and the through hole 3111 and the opening 321 are connected. When the battery has thermal runaway, and the temperature in the battery is not enough to melt the lower plastic 31 and the end plate 32, the gas in the battery can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve 2 normally through the opening 321 and the through hole 3111.

[0045] Furthermore, the lower plastic 31 includes a bottom plate 311 and a side plate 312 connected to the bottom plate 311, a through hole 3111 is provided on the bottom plate 311, and a cavity is formed between the bottom plate 311, the side plate 312 and the cover plate 1, and the cavity is covered by the explosion-proof valve 2. When the battery has thermal runaway, and the temperature in the battery is not enough to melt the lower plastic 31 and the end plate 32, when the gas generated inside the pole group is ejected, the pole group will also move. At this time, the lower plastic 31 of this structure protects the explosion-proof valve 2, and facilitates the gas in the battery to be discharged from the explosion-proof valve 2 through the opening 321, the through hole 3111 and the cavity. The avoidance groove 322 is provided at the position of the end plate 32 corresponding to the protruding structure 11 to avoid the protruding structure 11.

[0046] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, since the cover plate 1 needs to be welded to the battery shell, a welding position needs to be reserved for the cover plate 1 and the battery shell when the protruding structure 11 is provided on the cover plate 1. The length of the protruding structure 11 along the width direction of the cover plate 1 in this embodiment is 20%-80% of the width of the cover plate 1.

[0047] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the end face of the cover plate 1 in the width direction and the side wall of the protruding structure 11 close to the end face is more than 90% of the thickness of the cover plate 1. This solution prevents the protruding structure 11 from being too close to the edge position in the width direction of the cover plate 1, thereby leaving installation space for the cover plate 1 and the battery housing, and also facilitates the stamping of the protruding structure 11.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to prevent the position of the protruding structure 11 from affecting the welding of the explosion-proof valve 2 and the cover plate 1, and to prevent the punching operation performed at the position of the explosion-proof valve 2 on the cover plate 1 from being affected, the vertical distance between one end of the explosion-proof valve 2 along the length direction of the cover plate 1 and the side wall of the protruding structure 11 close to the explosion-proof valve 2 is ≥5mm.

[0049] This embodiment further provides a battery, which includes a pole group, a shell and the above-mentioned battery end cover structure, wherein the cover plate 1 is arranged on the open portion of the shell, and the pole group is arranged inside the shell.

[0050] Note that in the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0051] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery end cover structure, characterized in that: include: A cover plate, made of metal material, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the cover plate, a convex structure is arranged on the cover plate near the explosion-proof valve, the convex structure protrudes from the inner side surface of the cover plate facing the electrode group, and the convex structure is suitable for abutting against the electrode group so that there is a gap between the electrode group and the inner side surface of the cover plate; The insulating component is arranged on the inner side surface of the cover plate, and the insulating component is provided with an avoidance groove to avoid the protruding structure.

2. The battery end cover structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A portion of the cover plate is recessed toward the pole group to form the protruding structure.

3. The battery end cover structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the side wall of the protruding structure is 30%-100% of the thickness of the cover plate, and the thickness of the bottom wall of the protruding structure is 30%-100% of the thickness of the cover plate.

4. The battery end cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least two protrusion structures are arranged along the length direction of the cover plate.

5. The battery end cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The height of the protruding structure protruding from the inner side surface of the cover plate is 1mm-7mm.

6. The battery end cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The length of the protruding structure along the width direction of the cover plate is 20%-80% of the width of the cover plate.

7. The battery end cover structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the end surface of the cover plate in the width direction and the vertical line of the side wall of the protruding structure close to the end surface is more than 90% of the thickness of the cover plate.

8. The battery end cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distance between one end of the explosion-proof valve along the length direction of the cover plate and a vertical line of the side wall of the protruding structure close to the explosion-proof valve is ≥5mm.

9. The battery end cover structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The insulating component includes a lower plastic and an end plate, the lower plastic is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate, the end plate is arranged on the side of the lower plastic facing the pole group, a through hole is arranged on the lower plastic at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, an opening is arranged on the end plate, and the through hole is communicated with the opening.

10. A battery, characterized in that It comprises a pole group, a shell and a battery end cover structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cover plate is arranged on the open part of the shell, and the pole group is arranged inside the shell.

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