Near-bit acoustic detection instrument and drilling machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a near-bit acoustic detection instrument and a drilling machine, and specifically comprises a bit nipple which comprises a bit and a first shell, and the bit is arranged at the first end of the first shell; the first end of the near-bit measuring short section is connected with the second end of the first shell; the vibration sensor is arranged on the first shell; the pressure sensor is arranged on the first shell; the engineering and environment parameter sensor is arranged on the near-bit measuring short section; the first circuit board is arranged on the first shell and electrically connected with the vibration sensor and the pressure sensor; the second circuit board is arranged on the near-bit measuring nipple and is electrically connected with the engineering and environment parameter sensor; and the power supply module is electrically connected with the first circuit board and the second circuit board respectively. According to the utility model, the mechanical and circuit structures of a traditional instrument are simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; the drill stem propagation effect when a traditional instrument records signals is avoided, and the fidelity of the signals is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of geological detection operations, in particular to a near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument and a drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] At present, the rapidly developing acoustic logging while drilling instruments can evaluate the rock physical properties of the formations around the well, such as lithology, porosity, pore fluid type, etc. during the drilling process, and can play an important role in the drilling and evaluation of horizontal wells and high-angle wells. The use of this type of drilling-while-measuring while drilling measurement technology solution can not only shorten the logging work time and achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement, but also realize important functions such as geological guidance and reservoir evaluation / reservoir description while drilling, which will greatly improve the drilling rate and single well production of the target reservoir. However, the receiving sensors of the acoustic logging while drilling instruments are mostly located more than 10 meters behind the drill bit, so it is impossible to monitor the formation information near or in front of the drill bit in real time. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides a near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument and a drilling rig, wherein the receiving sensor of the instrument is close to the drill bit and can be used to monitor the formation information near the drill bit or in front of the drill bit in real time.

[0004] On the one hand, the utility model provides a near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument, comprising:

[0005] A drill bit sub, the drill bit sub comprising a drill bit and a first housing, the drill bit being arranged at a first end of the first housing; the drill bit sub is used for drilling a hole in a rock mass during a detection operation;

[0006] a near-drill-bit measuring sub, wherein a first end of the near-drill-bit measuring sub is connected to a second end of the first housing;

[0007] A vibration sensor, disposed on the first housing, for acquiring a vibration signal generated during the detection operation;

[0008] A pressure sensor, disposed on the first housing, for acquiring a pressure signal generated during the detection operation;

[0009] An engineering and environmental parameter sensor is provided on the near-drill-bit measuring sub, and is used to obtain engineering parameters and environmental parameters during the detection operation;

[0010] A first circuit board is disposed on the first housing and is electrically connected to the vibration sensor and the pressure sensor respectively;

[0011] A second circuit board is disposed on the near-drill-bit measuring sub and is electrically connected to the engineering and environmental parameter sensor;

[0012] A power module, the power module is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board respectively; the power module is used to supply power to the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the vibration sensor includes an X-component vibration sensor, a Y-component vibration sensor and a Z-component vibration sensor, and the X-component vibration sensor, the Y-component vibration sensor and the Z-component vibration sensor are used to collect broadband three-component vibration signals excited during the detection operation.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the pressure sensor includes a broadband pressure sensor, and the broadband pressure sensor is used to collect broadband sound pressure signals excited during the detection operation.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the engineering and environmental parameter sensor includes at least one of a drilling pressure sensor, a drilling speed sensor, a torque sensor and a temperature sensor; the drilling pressure sensor is used to obtain a drilling pressure value; the drilling speed sensor is used to obtain a drilling speed value; the torque sensor is used to obtain a torque value; and the temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature around the drill bit.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the utility model, a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the first shell and the near-drill-bit measuring short section, and the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor, the engineering and environmental parameter sensor, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are respectively arranged in the corresponding mounting grooves.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument further includes a plurality of cover plates, each of which is respectively covered on the corresponding installation slot.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the utility model, a first flow guide chamber is provided in the first shell, a second flow guide chamber is provided in the near-drill bit measuring short section, and the first flow guide chamber and the second flow guide chamber are connected to each other; the first flow guide chamber and the second flow guide chamber are used to pass the drilling fluid required for the detection operation.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument is also provided with a data storage device, which is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board, respectively; the data storage device is used to store the vibration signals, pressure signals, engineering parameters and environmental parameters acquired by the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor and the engineering and environmental parameter sensor.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument is also provided with a data reading interface, which is arranged on the near-drill bit measurement short section and is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board respectively; the data reading interface is used to read the vibration signal, pressure signal, engineering parameters and environmental parameters stored in the data storage device.

[0021] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a drilling rig, comprising the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument described in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument and drilling rig have at least the following beneficial effects: the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument provided by the embodiments of the utility model includes: a drill bit short section, a near-drill bit measurement short section, a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor, an engineering and environmental parameter sensor, a first circuit board, a second circuit board and a power module. On the one hand, the detection instrument uses the acoustic signal excited by the drill bit breaking rock as the seismic source, eliminating the sound source or the transmitting transducer, which can greatly simplify the mechanical and circuit structure of the near-drill bit acoustic instrument and reduce the manufacturing cost; on the other hand, because various sensors are installed close to the drill bit, the influence of the drill string propagation effect encountered by traditional instruments when recording signals is avoided, which can greatly improve the fidelity of the signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 The third schematic diagram of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 The fourth schematic diagram of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 The fifth schematic diagram of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a drill bit sub of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0032] Drill bit sub 100, drill bit 110, first housing 120, transmission hole 130, near-drill bit measurement sub 200, data reading interface 210, mounting slot 300, X-component vibration sensor 411, Y-component vibration sensor 412, Z-component vibration sensor 413, pressure sensor 420, drilling pressure sensor 430, drilling speed sensor 440, torque sensor 450, temperature sensor 460, first circuit board 510, second circuit board 520, data storage device 530, first power supply 610, second power supply 620, cover plate 700, first flow guide cavity 810, second flow guide cavity 820. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present utility model, "several" means one or more, "more" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of the first, second or third, it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0037] Oil and gas exploration and development are constantly advancing towards unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, and the costs and risks of complex drilling operations such as highly deviated wells and horizontal wells are becoming increasingly high. Existing measurement while drilling instruments / technologies are limited by many factors, and it is difficult to achieve "long-distance and clear" real-time measurement, which cannot meet the technical requirements of unconventional oil and gas reservoir exploration and development for precise measurement and guidance instruments. In order to more timely and accurately detect the lithology, physical properties and other oil and gas reservoir characteristics of the formation near the drill bit to achieve the drilling guidance target, it is necessary to break through the fixed thinking and technical bottlenecks of traditional acoustic measurement methods and develop a new generation of near-drill bit acoustic detection instruments.

[0038] The embodiment of the utility model provides a near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument, which can realize more accurate and faster measurement / monitoring of formations and drilling conditions while drilling by integrating acoustic sensors such as near-drill-bit sound pressure and vibration and supporting parameter measurement modules such as drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque, temperature and other drilling engineering parameters, and provide real-time logging information for the establishment of intelligent oil fields and the realization of intelligent drilling. The near-drill-bit intelligent acoustic monitoring system is a new scientific research field and will be one of the breakthroughs in future intelligent directional drilling technology.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-2 The utility model provides a near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument, comprising:

[0040] The drill bit sub 100 includes a drill bit 110 and a first housing 120. The drill bit 110 is disposed at a first end of the first housing 120. The drill bit sub 100 is used for drilling a rock mass during a detection operation.

[0041] A near-bit measuring subsection 200 , wherein a first end of the near-bit measuring subsection 200 is connected to a second end of the first housing 120 ;

[0042] A vibration sensor, disposed on the first housing 120, for acquiring a vibration signal generated during the detection operation;

[0043] The pressure sensor 420 is disposed on the first housing 120 and is used to obtain a pressure signal generated during the detection operation;

[0044] The engineering and environmental parameter sensors are arranged on the near-bit measuring sub 200 and are used to obtain engineering parameters and environmental parameters during the detection operation;

[0045] The first circuit board 510 is disposed on the first housing 120 and is electrically connected to the vibration sensor and the pressure sensor 420 respectively;

[0046] The second circuit board 520 is disposed on the near-bit measuring sub 200 and is electrically connected to the engineering and environmental parameter sensors;

[0047] A power module is electrically connected to the first circuit board 510 and the second circuit board 520 respectively; the power module is used to supply power to the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 to Figure 7 According to the drill bit sub 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the drill bit sub 100 includes a drill bit 110 and a first shell 120; wherein the drill bit 110 is used to crush rocks by impact, rolling, grinding, cutting, etc. to achieve the purpose of drilling holes in rocks. In the embodiment of the utility model, Figure 1 to Figure 3 The three circular drill bits shown in the figure are only used to demonstrate the position of the drill bit 110 and can be replaced by any type of probe that meets the needs in actual detection operations, and the present invention does not impose any limitation on this.

[0049] Further, refer to Figure 1 According to the embodiment of the utility model, the truncated cone structure at the tail end of the near-bit measuring sub 200 is a joint connected to the drill collar of the drilling rig. In the embodiment of the utility model, the truncated cone structure at the tail end of the near-bit measuring sub 200 has an external thread (not shown in the figure), which is threadedly connected to the end of the drill collar, that is, the end for deep underground detection.

[0050] Further, refer to Figure 7 The drill bit sub 100 is connected to the near-drill bit measuring sub 200. In the embodiment of the utility model, the first housing 120 and the near-drill bit measuring sub 220 are connected by a knob, a buckle or a thread. Other suitable connection methods may also be used, and the utility model does not limit this. The connection method of the embodiment of the utility model is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the near-bit measurement subsection 200 is sleeved on a portion of the drill bit subsection 100 .

[0051] Furthermore, a vibration sensor and a pressure sensor 420 are provided on the first shell 120, and an engineering and environmental parameter sensor is provided on the near-drill bit measuring short section 200. Since the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument of the embodiment of the utility model is deep underground, the absolute positions of the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor 420 and the engineering and environmental parameter sensor are very close to the drill bit 110. Therefore, when the drilling-while-measuring measurement technology scheme is adopted for detection operations, the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor 420 and the engineering and environmental parameter sensor can collect various types of formation information in the first time, and transmit it back to the first circuit board 510 and the second circuit board 520 in real time, so as to realize the function of real-time monitoring.

[0052] Furthermore, a first circuit board 510 is provided on the first shell 120, and a second circuit board 520 is provided on the near-bit measurement short section 200. The first circuit board 510 is used to process the formation information obtained by the vibration sensor and the pressure sensor 420; the second circuit board 520 is used to process the formation information obtained by the engineering and environmental parameter sensors.

[0053] Furthermore, the power module is electrically connected to the first circuit board 510 and the second circuit board 520, and is used to power the near-bit acoustic detection instrument. Specifically, the power module in the embodiment of the utility model includes a first power supply 610, which is arranged in the first housing 120; and a second power supply 620, which is arranged in the near-bit measurement sub 200. The first power supply 610 is used to power various components of the drill bit sub 100; and the second power supply 620 is used to power various components in the near-bit measurement sub 200.

[0054] The near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument provided by the embodiment of the utility model can also use the acoustic signal excited by the rock breaking of the drill bit 110 as the seismic source at a close distance, eliminating the sound source or the transmitting transducer, greatly simplifying the mechanical and circuit structure of the near-drill bit acoustic instrument and reducing the manufacturing cost; on the other hand, because various sensors are installed close to the drill bit 110, the influence of the drill string propagation effect encountered by traditional instruments when recording signals is avoided, which can greatly improve the fidelity of the signal.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 7 In the embodiment of the utility model, the vibration sensor can be divided into an X-component vibration sensor 411, a Y-component vibration sensor 412 and a Z-component vibration sensor 413. The X-component vibration sensor 411, the Y-component vibration sensor 412 and the Z-component vibration sensor 413 are used to collect broadband three-component vibration signals excited during the detection operation.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 7 In the embodiment of the utility model, the pressure sensor 420 adopts a broadband pressure sensor, and the broadband pressure sensor is used to collect broadband sound pressure signals excited during the detection operation.

[0057] Specifically, the acoustic signal excited by rock breaking in the embodiment of the utility model can be specifically a broadband three-component vibration signal collected by the X-component vibration sensor 411, the Y-component vibration sensor 412, and the Z-component vibration sensor 413 and a broadband sound pressure signal of the pressure sensor 420. Since the above sensors are close to the rock breaking position of the drill bit 110, the above sensors can be used to replace the sound source or the transmitting transducer in the traditional detection operation.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5According to some embodiments of the utility model, the engineering and environmental parameter sensors include a drilling pressure sensor 430, a drilling speed sensor 440, a torque sensor 450 and a temperature sensor 460; the drilling pressure sensor 430, the drilling speed sensor 440, the torque sensor 450 and the temperature sensor 460 are arranged in the mounting groove 300 located on the near-drill bit measuring short section 220; the drilling pressure sensor 430 is used to record the drilling pressure value near the drill bit 110 during the detection operation; the drilling speed sensor 440 is used to record the drilling speed value near the drill bit 110 during the detection operation; the torque sensor 450 is used to detect the torque value near the drill bit 110 during the drilling operation; the temperature sensor 460 is used to record the temperature near the drill bit 110 during the detection operation.

[0059] Specifically, the above-mentioned engineering and environmental parameter sensors can detect various drilling engineering parameters and environmental parameters in the detection operation in real time, confirm the current detection environment based on the engineering parameters and environmental parameters, and judge whether the detection target has been achieved based on the current detection environment.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 7 According to the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument of the embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of mounting grooves 300 are provided on the first shell 120 and the near-drill-bit measuring short section 200, and the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor 420 and the engineering and environmental parameter sensor are respectively arranged in the corresponding mounting grooves 300.

[0061] Furthermore, the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to the embodiment of the utility model further includes a plurality of cover plates 700 , each of which is respectively covered on a corresponding installation slot 300 .

[0062] Specifically, in the actual detection process, the working environment of the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument is usually under harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, strong vibration and highly corrosive drilling fluid. Therefore, various important components of the instrument, including vibration sensors, pressure sensors 420, engineering and environmental parameter sensors, first circuit boards 510, second circuit boards 520 and power modules, etc., need to be protected by a relatively strong and corrosion-resistant cover plate 700.

[0063] Reference Figure 7 According to some embodiments of the utility model, a first flow guide cavity 810 is provided in the drill bit short section 100, and a second flow guide cavity 820 is provided in the near-bit measurement short section 200, and the first flow guide cavity 810 and the second flow guide cavity 820 are connected to each other; the first flow guide cavity 810 and the second flow guide cavity 820 are used to pass the drilling fluid required for the detection operation.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 7According to some embodiments of the utility model, the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument is also provided with a data storage device 530, which is electrically connected to the first circuit board 510 and the second circuit board 520 respectively; the data storage device 530 is used to store the corresponding vibration signals, pressure signals, engineering parameters and environmental parameters obtained by the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor 420 and the engineering and environmental parameter sensor.

[0065] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the data storage device 530 is naturally arranged in the corresponding installation groove 300 and protected by the cover plate 700; the first circuit board 510, the second circuit board 520, and the data storage device 530 are electrically connected to each other, and the first shell 120 and the near-drill bit measuring short section 200 are also provided with wiring grooves (not shown in the figure), and the wiring grooves are used for connecting the first circuit board 510, the second circuit board 520, the data storage device 530, the first power supply 610 and the second power supply 620 to each other.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , Figure 7 According to some embodiments of the utility model, the near-bit acoustic detection instrument is further provided with a data reading interface 210, which is provided on the near-bit measurement sub 200 and is electrically connected to the first circuit board 510 and the second circuit board 520 respectively; the data reading interface 210 is used to read the collected data stored in the data storage device 530. Specifically, when the near-bit acoustic detection instrument returns to the ground, various monitoring data stored in the main control circuit board are read, including corresponding vibration signals, pressure signals, engineering parameters and environmental parameters obtained by the vibration sensor, pressure sensor 420 and engineering and environmental parameter sensors.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present invention, various parameters monitored by the engineering and environmental parameter sensors arranged in the near-bit measurement sub 200 in the embodiments of the present invention are synchronized with the sound pressure and three-component vibration data measured by the detection sensor in the drill bit sub 100 .

[0068] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the effective working frequency band of the pressure sensor 420 in the embodiment of the present invention is approximately 200Hz to 20kHz; the effective working frequency band of the vibration sensor is approximately 100Hz to 1000Hz. The temperature resistance of various detection sensors in the drill bit sub 100 and the near-drill bit measurement sub 200 is about 150°C, the pressure resistance is about 140MPa, and the vibration resistance is 180m / s 2 Around, impact resistance is 4500m / s 2 about.

[0069] On the other hand, the utility model also provides a drilling rig, comprising the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument described in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0070] Specifically, according to some embodiments of the present invention, a transmission shaft (not shown in the figure) is further provided on the drilling rig, and the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the drill bit 110 on the drill bit sub 100; the transmission shaft is used to transmit the driving force provided by the drilling rig to the drill bit 110. Specifically, as Figure 5 As shown, a transmission hole 130 is provided on one side of the first housing 120 connected to the near-bit measuring sub 200 , and the transmission hole 130 is used to pass a transmission shaft connecting the drilling rig and the drill bit 110 .

[0071] The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument proposed in the embodiment of the utility model does not require a sound source when performing detection operations, and has a simple structure, small size, and low cost. It uses the real-time acoustic signal stimulated by the near-drill-bit rock breaking and the drilling engineering parameters, environmental parameters, etc. for intelligent identification and application, and can be used for intelligent identification of stratum lithology and analysis of rock physical properties, fracturing, etc., which will greatly simplify the existing logging while drilling technology process. The instrument is expected to be widely used in engineering fields such as oil and gas exploration and development, methane hydrate mining, coal mine development, and tunnel geological monitoring.

[0072] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument, characterized in that: include: A drill bit sub, the drill bit sub comprising a drill bit and a first housing, the drill bit being disposed at a first end of the first housing; The drill bit sub is used for drilling holes in rock mass during detection operations; a near-drill-bit measuring sub, wherein a first end of the near-drill-bit measuring sub is connected to a second end of the first housing; A vibration sensor, disposed on the first housing, for acquiring a vibration signal generated during the detection operation; A pressure sensor, disposed on the first housing, for acquiring a pressure signal generated during the detection operation; An engineering and environmental parameter sensor is provided on the near-drill-bit measuring sub, and is used to obtain engineering parameters and environmental parameters during the detection operation; A first circuit board is disposed on the first housing and is electrically connected to the vibration sensor and the pressure sensor respectively; A second circuit board is disposed on the near-drill-bit measuring sub and is electrically connected to the engineering and environmental parameter sensor; A power module, the power module is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board respectively; the power module is used to supply power to the near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument.

2. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration sensor comprises an X-component vibration sensor, a Y-component vibration sensor and a Z-component vibration sensor, wherein the X-component vibration sensor, the Y-component vibration sensor and the Z-component vibration sensor are used to collect broadband three-component vibration signals excited during the detection operation.

3. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor comprises a broadband pressure sensor, and the broadband pressure sensor is used to collect broadband sound pressure signals excited during the detection operation.

4. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engineering and environmental parameter sensor includes at least one of a drilling pressure sensor, a drilling speed sensor, a torque sensor and a temperature sensor; the drilling pressure sensor is used to obtain a drilling pressure value; the drilling speed sensor is used to obtain a drilling speed value; the torque sensor is used to obtain a torque value; and the temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature around the drill bit.

5. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the first shell and the near-drill-bit measuring subsection, and the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor, the engineering and environmental parameter sensor, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are respectively provided in the corresponding mounting grooves.

6. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument further comprises a plurality of cover plates, each of which is respectively covered on the corresponding installation slot.

7. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first flow guide cavity is provided in the first shell, a second flow guide cavity is provided in the near-bit measuring nipple, and the first flow guide cavity and the second flow guide cavity are connected to each other; the first flow guide cavity and the second flow guide cavity are used to pass the drilling fluid required for the detection operation.

8. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The near-drill bit acoustic detection instrument is also provided with a data storage device, which is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board respectively; the data storage device is used to store the vibration signals, pressure signals, engineering parameters and environmental parameters acquired by the vibration sensor, the pressure sensor and the engineering and environmental parameter sensor.

9. The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: The near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument is also provided with a data reading interface, which is arranged on the near-drill-bit measurement short section and is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board respectively; the data reading interface is used to read the vibration signal, pressure signal, engineering parameters and environmental parameters stored in the data storage device.

10. A drilling rig, characterized in that: It comprises the near-drill-bit acoustic detection instrument as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images