Self-adaptive single-stand-column hydraulic support

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-adaptive single stand column hydraulic support which comprises a base, a top beam and a hydraulic stand column, the hydraulic stand column is vertically installed on the base, the top beam is installed at the top of the hydraulic stand column, a self-adaptive reset connecting device is arranged at the bottom of the top beam, and a ball head is arranged at the top of the hydraulic stand column. The self-adaptive reset connecting device comprises an elastic reset gasket and a ball head limiting ring, the ball head limiting ring is installed in the center of the bottom of the top beam, a ball socket is arranged in the center of the bottom of the top beam, the ball head limiting ring is arranged at the lower end of a ball head in a sleeving mode, the ball head is clamped between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring, and the upper end of the ball head abuts against the interior of the ball socket. An extrusion face is arranged on the side wall of the outer surface of the ball head, the elastic reset gasket is installed between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring and makes close contact with the extrusion face of the ball head, and the top beam obliquely rotates in any direction around the ball head and can cope with roadway roof supporting under the conditions of different slopes or inclination angles and the like. And after leaving the roadway roof, the device can automatically reset under the action of the elastic reset gasket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic supports for coal mines, in particular to an adaptive single-column hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] The support of the drift of modern mechanized coal mining faces is very important. Traditional support methods mainly use wooden columns, hydraulic supports, etc. The columns and top beams of traditional hydraulic supports are rigidly connected and fixed with pins. When the top plate plane of the tunnel has a slope or is not parallel to the bottom plate plane of the tunnel, the contact effect between the top beam of this support and the top rock layer is very poor, which not only reduces the support effect of the support on the top plate, but also easily produces overload, resulting in breakage of the pin connecting the support column and the top beam, and even safety accidents such as the top beam breaking and falling off.

[0003] With the development of support technology and equipment, in the prior art, the patent application number is 202310057751.6, which discloses a technical solution of a four-column flexible unit-type advanced hydraulic support. A rotatable self-resetting device is arranged at the lower end of the top beam, which is rotatably connected to the ball head on the top of the column unit through the rotatable self-resetting device. When the top beam contacts the rock layer of the tunnel roof, the top beam can rotate around the ball head to adapt to the surface angle of the top rock layer, and utilize the reset elastic washer to cooperate with the clamping position set on both sides of the ball head. During the rotation process, the ball head laterally squeezes the reset elastic washers on both sides, causing the reset elastic washers to undergo elastic deformation. After the column unit is lowered, the top beam is reset under the elastic force of the reset elastic washer, thereby improving the support effect. However, in actual use of this hydraulic support, since the ball head only has the locking positions on both sides, although the top beam can freely rotate around the ball head to adjust the tilt angle, when resetting, it can only be reset after tilting to the two sides with the locking positions, and it cannot be reset after tilting to other directions. When performing secondary support, manual adjustment is still required, which is very inconvenient. Moreover, this hydraulic support is a multi-column structure, which is not flexible and light enough when moving or supporting. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a flexible, lightweight, self-adaptive single-column hydraulic support that can self-reset in all directions.

[0005] The jack is supported by the hydraulic column and the hydraulic column is supported by the hydraulic column, and the bottom of the hydraulic column is provided with an adaptive reset connection device, and the top of the hydraulic column is provided with a ball head rotatably connected with the adaptive reset connection device. The adaptive reset connection device includes an elastic reset washer and a ball head limiting ring, and the ball head limiting ring is installed at the bottom center of the top beam, and a ball socket matching the ball head is provided at the bottom center of the top beam. The ball head limiting ring is sleeved at the lower end of the ball head, and the ball head is clamped between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring, so that the upper end of the ball head is pressed in the ball socket, and the top beam and the ball head limiting ring can rotate relative to the ball head, and the side walls of the outer surface of the ball head in the four directions of "front", "rear", "left" and "right" are respectively provided with extrusion surfaces. The elastic reset washer is installed between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring and is sleeved on the outer surface of the ball head. The inner wall of the elastic reset washer is in close contact with the extrusion surface of the ball head. The top beam can be tilted and rotated in any direction around the ball head of the hydraulic column to adapt to the slope change of the tunnel roof and form effective support for the rock layer of the tunnel roof. When rotating, the elastic reset washer is driven to be squeezed toward the extrusion surface of the ball head on the side corresponding to the rotation direction, so that the elastic reset washer is deformed. After the top beam leaves the tunnel supporting top plate, the top beam can rebound and reset under the elastic force of the elastic reset washer.

[0006] Preferably, the elastic reset gasket includes a positioning ring and an elastic ring, the positioning ring is fixed to the upper end of the ball head limiting ring, the elastic ring is sleeved in the positioning ring, and the inner side of the elastic ring has a mating surface matching the extrusion surface, and the mating surface is tightly clamped with the extrusion surface.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of anti-slip protrusions are provided on the top surface of the top beam.

[0008] Preferably, a reinforcing rib plate is vertically arranged at the upper end of the base, the reinforcing rib plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the hydraulic column, and a hoop surrounding the hydraulic column is arranged at the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate.

[0009] Preferably, the four corners of the base and the edges around the bottom are all arc-shaped.

[0010] Preferably, the front and rear ends of the base are respectively provided with traction members, the traction members are vertically fixed on the inner side of the arc-shaped edge, and the upper end of the traction member is provided with a through hole for connecting with a traction device or a traction rope.

[0011] Preferably, a fixed pressure plate is laterally arranged at the waist of the traction member, the fixed pressure plate is perpendicular to the traction member, and is symmetrically supported on the left and right sides of the traction member and welded to the traction member, and the fixed pressure plate is welded and fixed to the edge of the base and the edge of the reinforcing rib plate around it.

[0012] The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, and its beneficial effects are: by arranging a ball head limiting ring at the bottom center of the top beam, the ball head is clamped between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring by the ball head limiting ring, so that the upper end of the ball head is pressed in the ball socket, and the elastic reset washer is installed between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring, in close contact with the extrusion surface around the ball head, and the top beam is tilted and rotated in any direction around the ball head to adapt to the slope change of the tunnel roof, so as to form effective support for the rock layer of the tunnel roof, and after the top beam leaves the tunnel supporting top plate, it can rebound and reset under the elastic force of the elastic reset washer, which provides convenience for secondary support, and the single-column hydraulic support has strong applicability, is light and flexible when moving or supporting, and is convenient for supporting in narrow tunnels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model from another angle.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the top beam.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ball head limiting ring.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the elastic reset washer.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic reset washer viewed from above.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the ball head structure.

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the ball head and the elastic ring.

[0022] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the traction member.

[0023] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the top beam.

[0024] In the figure: base 10, reinforcing rib plate 11, clamp 12, traction member 13, fixed pressure plate 14, through hole 15, top beam 30, ball socket 31, anti-slip protrusion 32, fixing bolt 33, hydraulic column 20, ball head 21, extrusion surface 22, adaptive reset connection device 40, elastic reset washer 401, ball head limit ring 402, positioning ring 4011, elastic ring 4012, matching surface 4013, bolt hole 1014, center hole 4015, mounting hole 403. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Fig. 9 and Fig.11The embodiment of the utility model provides an adaptive single-column hydraulic support, including a base 10, a top beam 30 and a hydraulic column 20, wherein the hydraulic column 20 is vertically mounted on the base 10, the top beam 30 is mounted on the top of the hydraulic column 20, and the top beam 30 is supported by the hydraulic column 20 to support the top rock layer of the tunnel support, and an adaptive reset connection device 40 is arranged at the bottom of the top beam 30, and a ball head 21 rotatably connected to the adaptive reset connection device 40 is arranged at the top of the hydraulic column 20, and the adaptive reset connection device 40 includes an elastic reset washer 401 and a ball head limiting ring 402, the ball head limiting ring 402 is installed at the bottom center of the top beam 30, and a ball socket 31 matching the ball head 21 is arranged at the bottom center of the top beam 30, the ball head limiting ring 402 is sleeved on the lower end of the ball head 21, and the ball head 21 is clamped between the top beam 30 and the ball head limiting ring 402, so that the upper end of the ball head 21 is pressed in the ball socket 31, and the top beam 30 and the ball head limiting ring 402 can rotate relative to the ball head 21, and the side walls of the "front", "back", "left" and "right" directions of the outer surface of the ball head 21 are respectively provided with extrusion surfaces 22. The elastic reset washer 401 is installed between the top beam 30 and the ball head limiting ring 402, and is sleeved on the outer surface of the ball head 21. The inner wall of the elastic reset washer 401 is in close contact with the extrusion surface 22 of the ball head 21. The top beam 30 can be tilted and rotated in any direction around the ball head 21 of the hydraulic column 20 to adapt to the slope change of the tunnel roof and form an effective support for the rock layer of the tunnel roof. When rotating, the elastic reset washer 401 is driven to extrude the extrusion surface 22 of the ball head 21 on the side corresponding to the rotation direction, so that the elastic reset washer 401 is deformed. After the top beam 30 leaves the tunnel supporting top plate, the top beam 30 can rebound and reset under the elastic force of the elastic reset washer 401.

[0027] Specifically, the base 10 is in effective contact with the tunnel bottom rock layer to provide a fulcrum for the tunnel top rock layer to form an effective support force. The top beam 30 is used to contact the tunnel top rock layer. The hydraulic column 20 is vertically arranged on the base 10, and the top beam 30 is arranged at the top of the hydraulic column 20, and the hydraulic column 20 is located at the center of the top beam 30. The hydraulic column 20 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is driven by an external hydraulic mechanism to extend and retract to form an effective support for the tunnel top rock layer. A ball socket 31 matching the ball head 21 is arranged at the bottom center of the top beam 30, and the ball head limit ring 402 is installed at the bottom of the top beam 30 through two fixing bolts 33. The center of the hydraulic column 20 is a ball head 21, a ball head 21 is arranged on the top of the hydraulic column 20, a mounting hole 403 is arranged at the center of the ball head limiting ring 402 for the top of the hydraulic column 20 to pass through, the ball socket 31 is perpendicular to the mounting hole 403, the diameter of the mounting hole 403 is smaller than the diameter of the ball head 21, the inner edge of the mounting hole 403 is an arc shape, when installing, the ball head limiting ring 402 is sleeved on the lower end of the ball head 21, and the lower end of the ball head 21 can be tightly wrapped around, the ball head 21 is clamped between the top beam 30 and the ball head limiting ring, and the top of the ball head 21 is limited in the ball socket 31, and the ball head 21 is between the ball socket 31 and the ball head limiting ring 40 2, the side walls of the outer surface of the ball head 21 in the "front", "rear", "left" and "right" directions are relatively provided with extrusion surfaces 22, the extrusion surfaces 22 are vertical surface structures, so that the outer surface of the middle part of the ball head 21 forms a square structure, the elastic reset washer 401 is tightly sleeved on the outer surface of the middle part of the ball head 21, and the inner wall of the elastic reset washer 401 is in close contact with the extrusion surfaces 22 on the four sides of the ball head 21. When supporting, when the plane of the tunnel roof has a slope or is in a non-parallel state with the plane of the tunnel bottom plate, the top beam 30 contacts the tunnel roof and can follow the slope of the tunnel roof to move in any direction around the ball head 21 of the hydraulic column 20 The top beam 30 is tilted and rotated to make the top beam 30 adapt to the slope change of the tunnel roof and closely adhere to the tunnel roof, making full contact with the tunnel roof; effectively support the rock stratum of the tunnel roof, when the top beam 30 is tilted and rotated to one side of the ball head 21, the elastic reset washer 401 is squeezed by the extrusion surface 22 of the ball head 21 on that side and deforms and shrinks; when the hydraulic column 20 is lowered, the top beam 30 leaves the tunnel supporting top plate, and the elastic reset washer 401 releases the elastic force to rebound, and the lateral force generated on the top beam 30 prompts the top beam 30 to rotate and return to a normal state, thereby realizing the self-reset function of the top beam 30 after tilting in any direction.

[0028] Please see Figures 5 to 8Further, the elastic reset washer 401 includes a positioning ring 4011 and an elastic ring 4012. The positioning ring 4011 is a rigid ring. Bolt holes 4014 are arranged around the positioning ring 4011. The positioning ring 4011 is fixed to the upper end of the ball head limiting ring 402 by passing bolts through the bolt holes 4014. The elastic ring 4012 is sleeved in the positioning ring 4011. The positioning ring 4011 provides lateral support force to the elastic ring 4012. The inner center hole 4015 of the elastic ring 4012 is a square structure. The elastic ring 4012 is sleeved on the ball head 21 through the center hole 4015. The inner wall around the elastic ring 4012 is a mating surface 4013 that matches the extrusion surface 22 around the ball head 21. The mating surface 4013 is tightly pressed against the extrusion surface 22. When the top beam 30 tilts and rotates to one side of the ball head 21, the elastic ring 4012 on that side will be squeezed by the extrusion surface 22 on the ball head 21, causing deformation and contraction. When the hydraulic column 20 is lowered, the top beam 30 leaves the tunnel supporting top plate, and the elastic ring 4012 releases its elastic force to rebound. The lateral force exerted on the top beam 30 prompts the top beam 30 to rotate and return to a normal state, thereby realizing the self-resetting function of the top beam 30.

[0029] When the top beam 30 is assembled with the hydraulic column 20, the ball head 21 and the adaptive reset connection device 40 are removed respectively, and the ball head 21 is inserted into the elastic ring 4012 and the ball head limiting ring 402 in turn. The extrusion surfaces 22 around the ball head 21 are in close contact with the matching surfaces 4013 of the inner wall of the elastic ring 4012. The ball head limiting ring 402 is installed at the bottom of the top beam 30 by connecting bolts, and the upper end of the ball head 21 is restricted in the ball socket 31. The top of the hydraulic column 20 passes through the mounting hole 403 of the ball head limiting ring 402 and is threadedly connected to the lower end of the ball head 21 to complete the installation. The ball head 21 can rotate freely between the ball socket 31 and the ball head limiting ring 402.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 Furthermore, a plurality of anti-skid protrusions 32 are arranged on the top surface of the top beam 30. The anti-skid protrusions 32 are pointed structures. When the top beam 30 is pushed against the rock layer of the tunnel roof, the anti-skid protrusions 32 can penetrate into the tunnel roof. When the plane of the tunnel roof has a slope or is not parallel to the plane of the tunnel bottom plate, it can play an anti-falling and anti-skid role.

[0031] Please continue to see Figure 1 Furthermore, a reinforcing rib plate 11 is vertically arranged at the upper end of the base 10, and the reinforcing rib plate 11 is fixedly arranged on one side of the hydraulic column 20. A clamp 12 is arranged at the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate 11 and is surrounded by the hydraulic column 20 to provide support for the hydraulic column 20.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 or Figure 2Furthermore, the four corners of the base 10 and the edges around the bottom are all arc-shaped. During the traction and movement of the adaptive single-column hydraulic support, the arc-shaped corners have a guiding function. When the adaptive single-column hydraulic support moves in the tunnel, it is not easy for the base 10 to collide with the tunnel floor, making the movement smoother.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.10 Furthermore, the front and rear ends of the base 10 are respectively provided with traction members 13, and the traction members 13 are vertically welded to the inner side of the arc-shaped edge. The lower end of the traction member 13 is provided with an arc that matches the arc-shaped edge and can fit tightly with the inner side of the arc-shaped edge. The upper end of the traction member 13 is provided with a through hole 15 for connecting with a traction device or a traction rope, and is fixedly connected with the traction device or the traction rope. In order to strengthen the firmness of the traction member 13 and prevent the traction member 13 from tipping over and deforming when it is subjected to lateral force, a fixed pressing plate 14 is horizontally provided at the waist of the traction member 13. The fixed pressing plate 14 is perpendicular to the traction member 13, and is symmetrically supported on the left and right sides of the traction member 13, and is welded to the traction member 13. The fixed pressing plate 14 is welded and fixed to the edge of the base 10 and the edge of the reinforcing rib plate 11 on all sides. The traction member 13 is used to connect with the traction equipment, for example, by connecting with the through hole 15 on the traction member 13 through a traction arm or a traction rope, so as to facilitate the traction and movement of the adaptive single-column hydraulic support in the lane. When moving, it can move forward or backward by pulling forward or pulling backward. Two adjacent adaptive single-column hydraulic supports can also be connected in series through a traction arm or a traction rope and pulled synchronously through the traction equipment.

[0034] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive single-column hydraulic support, comprising a base, a top beam and a hydraulic column, wherein the hydraulic column is vertically mounted on the base, the top beam is mounted on the top of the hydraulic column, and the top beam is supported by the hydraulic column to support the top rock layer of the tunnel support, characterized in that: The bottom of the top beam is provided with an adaptive reset connection device, the top of the hydraulic column is provided with a ball head rotatably connected to the adaptive reset connection device, the adaptive reset connection device includes an elastic reset washer and a ball head limiting ring, the ball head limiting ring is installed at the bottom center of the top beam, a ball socket matching the ball head is provided at the bottom center of the top beam, the ball head limiting ring is sleeved at the lower end of the ball head, the ball head is clamped between the top beam and the ball head limiting ring, so that the upper end of the ball head is pressed against the ball socket, and the top beam and the ball head limiting ring can rotate relative to the ball head, and the side walls of the outer surface of the ball head in the four directions of "front", "back", "left" and "right" The top beam is provided with extrusion surfaces on the top beam and the ball head limiting ring, and is sleeved on the outer surface of the ball head. The inner wall of the elastic reset washer is in close contact with the extrusion surface of the ball head. The top beam can be tilted and rotated in any direction around the ball head of the hydraulic column to adapt to the slope change of the tunnel roof and form an effective support for the rock layer of the tunnel roof. When rotating, the elastic reset washer is driven to extrude the extrusion surface of the ball head on the side corresponding to the rotation direction, so that the elastic reset washer is deformed. After the top beam leaves the tunnel support top plate, the top beam can rebound and reset under the elastic force of the elastic reset washer. The elastic reset washer includes a positioning ring and an elastic ring. The positioning ring is fixed on the upper end of the ball head limiting ring. The elastic ring is sleeved in the positioning ring. The inner side of the elastic ring has matching surfaces matching the extrusion surface. The matching surfaces are engaged and clamped with the extrusion surface.

2. The self-adaptive single-column hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of anti-slip protrusions are arranged on the top surface of the top beam.

3. The self-adaptive single-column hydraulic support according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib plate is vertically arranged at the upper end of the base, and the reinforcing rib plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the hydraulic column. A hoop surrounding the hydraulic column is arranged at the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate.

4. The self-adaptive single-column hydraulic support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four corners of the base and the edges around the bottom of the base are all arc-shaped.

5. The self-adaptive single-column hydraulic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the base are respectively provided with traction members, the traction members are vertically arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped edge, and the upper end of the traction member is provided with a through hole for connecting with a traction device or a traction rope.

6. The self-adaptive single-column hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixed pressure plate is laterally arranged at the waist of the traction member, which is perpendicular to the traction member and symmetrically supported on the left and right sides of the traction member and welded to the traction member. The fixed pressure plate is welded and fixed to the edge of the base and the edge of the reinforcing rib plate around it.

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