Synchronizer with buffer structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a synchronizer with a buffer structure, which can solve the problems that noise is generated, gear shifting is unsmooth, the gear shifting reliability and time are influenced, and the abrasion failure risk of friction materials on an inner ring and an outer ring is increased due to the fact that impact exists between an intermediate ring and a gear ring during gear shifting. The synchronizer comprises a tooth holder, a gear shifting gear sleeve, an outer ring, a middle ring, an inner ring and two gear rings, the outer ring, the middle ring and the inner ring are arranged on the two end faces of the tooth holder, a plurality of positioning grooves and first through holes are formed in the tooth holder, positioners used for positioning the gear shifting gear sleeve are installed in the positioning grooves, and a plurality of first bosses are arranged at one end of the inner ring and are installed in the first through holes respectively. A plurality of second through holes connected with two arc-shaped cavities are formed in the gear ring, a plurality of second bosses are arranged at one end of the middle ring and installed in the second through holes respectively, elastic piece assemblies are arranged in the arc-shaped cavities, and the gear shifting gear sleeve is movably matched with spline teeth on the outer ring through splines during gear shifting so as to drive the second bosses to enable the gear ring to rotate. And the rotating speed synchronization of the gear-shifting gear sleeve and the gear ring is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a synchronizer, in particular to a synchronizer with a buffer structure. Background Art

[0002] The synchronizer is a transmission component used for gear shifting in the gearbox. Due to its ability to synchronize the speed of the input and output ends, the gear shifting process is smoother and has lower noise than the traditional sliding sleeve structure, which can significantly improve the gear shifting quality of the gearbox. However, there will be obvious impact between the intermediate ring and the ring gear in the existing synchronizer structure at the beginning of the gear shift. The greater the speed difference between the input and output ends of the synchronizer, the greater the impact, resulting in obvious noise and an uneven gear shifting process. In addition, due to the large impact, the engagement state of the inner and outer rings and the intermediate ring may be unstable, affecting the reliability of the synchronization process, increasing the synchronization time, and reducing the gear shifting quality. At the same time, it will also increase the wear and failure risk of the friction materials on the inner and outer rings. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that noise is generated and gear shifting is not smooth due to impact between the intermediate ring and the gear ring of the existing synchronizer during gear shifting, which affects the shifting reliability and shifting time of the synchronizer and increases the wear and failure risk of the friction materials on the inner and outer rings, and provides a synchronizer with a buffer structure.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A synchronizer with a buffer structure comprises a gear seat that rotates synchronously with a transmission shaft and a shift gear sleeve that movably cooperates with the gear seat through a spline; the special features of the synchronizer are:

[0006] It also includes an outer ring coaxially and symmetrically arranged on both end surfaces of the gear seat, an intermediate ring sleeved in the outer ring, an inner ring sleeved in the intermediate ring, and two gear rings;

[0007] The outer side of the gear seat is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves along the circumference, and the gear seat is provided with a plurality of first through holes along the circumference; a positioner is installed in the positioning groove, and the positioner positions the shift gear sleeve when the shift gear sleeve is in neutral; a plurality of first bosses corresponding to the plurality of first through holes are provided at one end of the inner ring, and the plurality of first bosses are respectively installed in the plurality of first through holes; a plurality of second through holes are provided on the gear ring along the circumference, and each second through hole is connected to two arc-shaped cavities along the circumference; a plurality of second bosses corresponding to the plurality of second through holes are provided at one end of the intermediate ring away from the gear seat, and the plurality of second bosses are respectively installed in the plurality of second through holes; an elastic member assembly abutting against the second boss is provided in the arc cavity; spline teeth are provided on the outer side of the outer ring along the circumference; the shift gear sleeve is movably matched with the spline teeth through the spline when shifting, thereby driving the second boss to rotate the gear ring, and finally realizing the speed synchronization of the shift gear sleeve and the gear ring; the shift gear sleeve and the gear ring are meshed through the spline after the speed synchronization.

[0008] Furthermore, friction materials are bonded to the inner side of the outer ring and the outer side of the inner ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic member assembly includes a support disposed in the arc-shaped cavity and a buffer elastic member with one end mounted on the support; the other end of the buffer elastic member abuts against the second boss.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of concave spherical surfaces are provided on the inner side of the shift gear sleeve along the circumferential direction; the number of the concave spherical surfaces is the same as the number of the positioning grooves;

[0011] The positioner comprises a packaging block, a positioning elastic member installed in the packaging block, and a steel ball arranged at the end of the positioning elastic member; the packaging block is installed in the positioning groove; the steel ball abuts against the corresponding concave spherical surface when the shift gear sleeve is in neutral.

[0012] Furthermore, three positioning grooves are evenly arranged on the outer side of the gear seat along the circumference, three first through holes are evenly distributed on the end face of the gear seat along the circumference, and the three positioning grooves are spaced apart from the three first through holes; six second through holes are evenly arranged on the gear ring along the circumference.

[0013] Furthermore, the buffer elastic member and the positioning elastic member are both springs; and the support is a T-shaped support.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0015] 1. The utility model provides a synchronizer with a buffer structure, wherein an elastic component assembly abutting against the second boss of the intermediate ring is arranged in the arc cavity on the gear ring, and the elastic component assembly can absorb the impact energy during gear shifting and then release it slowly, thereby reducing the impact, reducing the gear shifting noise, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the synchronizer gear shifting process, and shortening the gear shifting time.

[0016] 2. The friction material bonded to the outer ring and the inner ring in the utility model can further improve the smoothness of the gear shifting process. At the same time, due to the presence of the elastic component, the risk of wear failure of the friction material can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a synchronizer with a buffer structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is an isometric view of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer ring in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle ring in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner ring in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gear ring in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gear seat in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a support in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positioner in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1-shift gear sleeve, 2-outer ring, 21-spline teeth, 3-intermediate ring, 31-second boss, 4-inner ring, 41-first boss, 5-gear ring, 50-second through hole, 51-arc-shaped cavity, 6-tooth seat, 61-positioning groove, 62-first through hole, 7-support, 8-buffer elastic member, 9-positioner, 91-steel ball, 92-positioning elastic member, 93-packaging block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, a synchronizer with a buffer structure includes a gear seat 6 that rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft, a shifting sleeve 1 that movably cooperates with the gear seat 6 through a spline, an outer ring 2 that is coaxially and symmetrically arranged on the two end surfaces of the gear seat 6, an intermediate ring 3 that is sleeved in the outer ring 2, an inner ring 4 that is sleeved in the intermediate ring 3, and two gear rings 5. Specifically, the inner side of the shifting sleeve 1 is evenly provided with three concave spherical surfaces along the circumferential direction, and the outer side thereof is provided with a sliding groove for the shift fork of the gearbox operating mechanism to apply axial force. The outer side of the gear seat 6 is evenly provided with three positioning grooves 61 along the circumferential direction, and the end face of the gear seat 6 is evenly distributed with three first through holes 62 along the circumference, and the three positioning grooves 61 are spaced apart from the three first through holes 62, and a positioner 9 is installed in each positioning groove 61, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the positioner 9 includes a packaging block 93, a positioning elastic member 92 installed in the packaging block 93, and a steel ball 91 arranged at the end of the positioning elastic member 92. When the shifting gear sleeve 1 is in neutral, the steel ball 91 abuts against the corresponding concave spherical surface to position the shifting gear sleeve 1. One end of the inner ring 4 is provided with three first bosses 41 corresponding to the three first through holes 62, and the three first bosses 41 are respectively installed in the three first through holes 62. Six second through holes 50 are evenly arranged on the gear ring 5 along the circumferential direction, and each second through hole 50 is symmetrically connected to two arc-shaped cavities 51 along the circumferential direction. The end of the intermediate ring 3 away from the gear seat 6 is provided with six second bosses 31 corresponding to the six second through holes 50, and the six second bosses 31 are respectively installed in the six second through holes 50, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Fig. 9 As shown, an elastic member assembly is arranged in each arc cavity 51, and the elastic member assembly includes a support 7 arranged in the arc cavity 51 and a buffer elastic member 8 installed on the support 7 at one end, and the other end of the buffer elastic member 8 is in contact with the second boss 31. Spline teeth 21 are arranged on the outer side of the outer ring 2 along the circumferential direction. The shifting gear sleeve 1 is movably matched with the spline teeth 21 through the spline when shifting gears, thereby driving the second boss 31 to rotate the gear ring 5, and finally realizing the speed synchronization of the shifting gear sleeve 1 and the gear ring 5. The shifting gear sleeve 1 and the gear ring 5 are meshed through the spline after the speed synchronization. In this embodiment, the inner side of the outer ring 2 and the outer side of the inner ring 4 are both bonded with friction materials, the buffer elastic member 8 and the positioning elastic member 92 are both springs, and the support 7 is a T-shaped support.

[0031] The shifting process of the utility model is as follows:

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the inner side of the gear seat 6 is splined with the external transmission shaft, that is, the gear seat 6 rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft, and the shifting gear sleeve 1 and the gear seat 6 also rotate synchronously due to the spline cooperation. When the gearbox needs to shift to the right gear, the shift fork of the gearbox operating mechanism will apply an axial force from the sliding groove on the outer side of the shifting gear sleeve 1 to move the shifting gear sleeve 1 to the right. During the movement, the spline and the spline teeth 21 of the outer ring 2 are actively cooperated to gradually press the outer ring 2 on the middle ring 3, and also make the inner ring 4 close to the middle ring 3. At this time, due to the effect of friction, the rotation speed of the shifting gear sleeve 1 will be transmitted to the middle ring 3. The intermediate ring 3 and the middle ring 3 start to rotate, and the second boss 31 on the middle ring 3 starts to turn the ring gear 5. When there is no buffer elastic member 8, the second boss 31 will be in rigid contact with the ring gear 5, generating a large impact and noise. However, under the action of the buffer elastic member 8, the impact energy is absorbed by it and slowly released, and then the ring gear 5 is rotated. When the rotation speed of the ring gear 5 and the external transmission gear that is splined with the inner side of the ring gear 5 is close to or consistent with the rotation speed of the shift gear sleeve 1, the shift gear sleeve 1 moves to the right, and its inner side is meshed with the gear seat 6 and the ring gear 5 at the same time through the spline to achieve gear shifting. At this time, the power flow route is: transmission shaft-gear seat 6-shift gear sleeve 1-ring gear 5-transmission gear.

[0033] When the gearbox needs to be changed to the left gear, the process is the same as that of changing to the right gear.

[0034] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A synchronizer with a buffer structure, comprising a gear seat (6) that rotates synchronously with a transmission shaft, and a shifting gear sleeve (1) that movably cooperates with the gear seat (6) through a spline; characterized in that: It also includes an outer ring (2) coaxially and symmetrically arranged on both end surfaces of a gear seat (6), an intermediate ring (3) sleeved inside the outer ring (2), an inner ring (4) sleeved inside the intermediate ring (3), and two gear rings (5); The outer side of the gear seat (6) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (61) along the circumference, and the gear seat (6) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (62) along the circumference; a positioner (9) is installed in the positioning groove (61), and the positioner (9) positions the shift gear sleeve (1) when the shift gear sleeve (1) is in neutral; one end of the inner ring (4) is provided with a plurality of first bosses (41) corresponding to the plurality of first through holes (62), and the plurality of first bosses (41) are respectively installed in the plurality of first through holes (62); a plurality of second through holes (50) are provided on the gear ring (5) along the circumference, and each second through hole (50) is connected to two arc-shaped cavities (51) along the circumference; the intermediate ring ( 3) A plurality of second bosses (31) corresponding to the plurality of second through holes (50) are arranged at one end away from the gear seat (6), and the plurality of second bosses (31) are respectively installed in the plurality of second through holes (50); an elastic member assembly abutting against the second bosses (31) is arranged in the arc-shaped cavity (51); spline teeth (21) are arranged on the outer side of the outer ring (2) along the circumferential direction; when shifting gears, the shifting gear sleeve (1) is movably matched with the spline teeth (21) through the spline, thereby driving the second bosses (31) to rotate the gear ring (5), and finally realizing the speed synchronization of the shifting gear sleeve (1) and the gear ring (5); after the speed synchronization, the shifting gear sleeve (1) and the gear ring (5) are meshed through the spline.

2. A synchronizer with a buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the outer ring (2) and the outer side of the inner ring (4) are both bonded with friction materials.

3. A synchronizer with a buffer structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The elastic member assembly comprises a support (7) arranged in the arc-shaped cavity (51) and a buffer elastic member (8) with one end mounted on the support (7); the other end of the buffer elastic member (8) abuts against the second boss (31).

4. A synchronizer with a buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side of the shift gear sleeve (1) is provided with a plurality of concave spherical surfaces along the circumferential direction; the number of the concave spherical surfaces is the same as the number of the positioning grooves (61); The positioner (9) comprises a packaging block (93), a positioning elastic member (92) installed in the packaging block (93), and a steel ball (91) arranged at the end of the positioning elastic member (92); the packaging block (93) is installed in the positioning groove (61); the steel ball (91) abuts against the corresponding concave spherical surface when the shifting gear sleeve (1) is in neutral.

5. A synchronizer with a buffer structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the tooth seat (6) is evenly provided with three positioning grooves (61) along the circumference, and the end surface of the tooth seat (6) is evenly provided with three first through holes (62) along the circumference, and the three positioning grooves (61) and the three first through holes (62) are distributed at intervals; and the gear ring (5) is evenly provided with six second through holes (50) along the circumference.

6. A synchronizer with a buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buffer elastic member (8) and the positioning elastic member (92) are both springs; and the support (7) is a T-shaped support.

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