Load driving circuit
By designing a load driving circuit, the automatic switching of output voltage is achieved using a one-way conduction module and a current limiting module, the problems of high hardware costs and difficult automatic switching caused by changes in load types in the prior art are solved, reducing costs and improving efficiency and reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420765814.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing hardware output circuit needs to adapt different hardware circuits according to the load type, resulting in high cost and inability to automatically switch, and it is impossible to automatically switch the output voltage according to the load type.
A load driving circuit is designed, including a power terminal, a driving terminal, a one-way conducting module and a current limiting module. The current limiting module is automatically cut off or opened. The current limiting module provides sufficient driving voltage to achieve load-based Type of active switching output voltage.
Reduces hardware costs, improves efficiency, and improves the reliability of output switching and circuit reliability through automatic switching functions.
Smart Images
Figure CN222191841U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The disclosed embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of electronic circuits, and more specifically, to a load driving circuit. Background Art
[0002] Usually, the driving voltage output by the output port of the hardware output circuit is fixed, and can be used to drive PNP or NPN type loads respectively. When the connected load types are different, different hardware circuits are required for adaptation.
[0003] For example, when the loads that may need to be connected include two types of loads, NPN and PNP, two sets of hardware output ports are usually required to support the access of the two loads. The hardware cost is high and it cannot switch automatically. Alternatively, only one set of hardware output ports can be set, but it is necessary to judge and trigger external conditions, such as button notification, to switch to the corresponding state, and it cannot switch automatically. Utility Model Content
[0004] According to an embodiment of the present application, the present application proposes a load driving circuit to alleviate at least one of the above problems.
[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, an exemplary load driving circuit is disclosed, including a power supply terminal, a driving terminal, a unidirectional conduction module and a current limiting module. The power supply terminal is configured to input a driving voltage; the driving terminal is used to connect a load; the unidirectional conduction module has an input terminal connected to the power supply terminal and an output terminal connected to the driving terminal; and the current limiting module has one terminal connected to the driving terminal and the other terminal connected to ground.
[0006] In the above scheme, when the driver end is connected to an NPN load, the unidirectional conduction module can automatically cut off the current flowing from the driver end to the power supply end, and the driver end is grounded through the current limiting module, so that a low level can be output at the driver end; when the driver end is connected to a PNP load, the unidirectional conduction module can automatically open the current path between the power supply end and the driver end, and then the driver end receives the voltage from the power supply end, and due to the existence of the current limiting module, the driver end can obtain sufficient driving voltage, so as to output a high level at the driver end. Therefore, it is possible to actively switch the output voltage according to the load type, which is conducive to reducing costs and improving efficiency.
[0007] The load driving circuit may further include a switch module, including a control end, a first path end, and a second path end, wherein the control end is connected to the power end, the first path end is connected to the driving end, and the second path end is grounded.
[0008] The above solution can selectively cut off the connection between the driving end and the ground through the switch module, that is, when the driving end is connected to a PNP type load, the connection between the driving end and the ground can be cut off, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of output switching.
[0009] The first channel end and the second channel end may be configured to be in a conducting state.
[0010] In the above solution, the first passage end and the second conduction end are configured to be in a conduction state, which simplifies the control logic and is conducive to further reducing costs.
[0011] The switch module may include one of a relay, an optocoupler, a transistor, and a MOSFET.
[0012] The above scheme is conducive to further reducing costs.
[0013] Wherein, a voltage limiting module may also be included, which is connected to the control end and the second path end of the switch module and is used to limit the voltage between the control end and the second path end of the switch module.
[0014] In the above solution, the voltage between the control end and the second path end of the switch module is limited by the voltage limiting module, which is helpful to prevent the switch module from being damaged and improve the reliability of the load driving circuit.
[0015] The voltage limiting module may include a voltage stabilizing diode, a forward input terminal of which is connected to the second path terminal, and a reverse input terminal of which is connected to the control terminal.
[0016] The above scheme is conducive to further reducing costs.
[0017] The one-way conduction module may be configured to conduct the current flowing from the power supply end to the driving end, and to cut off the current flowing from the driving end to the power supply end.
[0018] In the above scheme, when the driver end is connected to an NPN load, the unidirectional conduction module can automatically cut off the current flowing from the driver end to the power supply end, and the driver end is grounded through the current limiting module, so that a low level can be output at the driver end; when the driver end is connected to a PNP load, the unidirectional conduction module can automatically open the current path between the power supply end and the driver end, and then the driver end receives the voltage from the power supply end, and due to the existence of the current limiting module, the driver end can obtain sufficient driving voltage, so as to output a high level at the driver end. Therefore, it is possible to actively switch the output voltage according to the load type, which is conducive to reducing costs and improving efficiency.
[0019] The one-way conduction module may include a diode, a forward input end of which is connected to the power supply end, and a reverse input end of which is connected to the driving end.
[0020] The above scheme is conducive to further reducing costs.
[0021] Wherein, the current limiting module may include a current limiting resistor.
[0022] One end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the driving end, and the other end is connected to the first passage end of the switch module, and is grounded through the first passage end and the second passage end.
[0023] The above scheme is conducive to further reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation methods, in which:
[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a framework of an embodiment of a load driving circuit of the present application;
[0026] Figure 2 is a circuit structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the load driving circuit of the present application;
[0027] Figure 3 It is a circuit structure diagram of the load driving circuit of the present application connected to an NPN type load;
[0028] Figure 4 It is a circuit structure diagram of the load driving circuit of the present application connected to a PNP type load. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0030] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms of "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless otherwise clearly indicated above, and "multiple" generally includes at least two, but does not exclude the inclusion of at least one.
[0031] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0032] It should be understood that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations used herein are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "includes..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the elements.
[0033] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The presence of the phrase at each location in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
[0034] According to one aspect of the present application, an exemplary load driving circuit 100 is disclosed. Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a framework of an embodiment of a load driving circuit of the present application; Figure 1 As shown, the load driving circuit 100 may include a power supply terminal VIN, a driving terminal VOUT, a unidirectional conduction module 110 and a current limiting module 120. The power supply terminal VIN is configured to input a driving voltage; the driving terminal VOUT is used to connect a load; the unidirectional conduction module 110 has an input terminal connected to the power supply terminal VIN and an output terminal connected to the driving terminal VOUT; the current limiting module 120 has one terminal connected to the driving terminal VOUT and the other terminal connected to the ground GND.
[0035] In some specific implementation scenarios, the driving end VOUT can be connected to an NPN load or a PNP load. The NPN load can also be called an NPN input (output) in some technologies. When the connected NPN load is triggered by a signal, the driving end VOUT is electrically connected to the power supply end VIN, so that the driving end VOUT outputs a high level; the PNP load can also be called a PNP input or a PNP output in some technologies. When the connected PNP load is triggered by a signal, the driving end VOUT is electrically connected to the ground end GND, so that the driving end VOUT outputs a low level.
[0036] When the load driving circuit 100 is connected to an NPN type load, since one end of the NPN type load is connected to an external power supply V2 and the other end is connected to the driving end VOUT, when the NPN type load is triggered to turn on, the driving end VOUT is equivalent to being connected to the external power supply V2, so that the unidirectional conduction module 110 between the power supply end VIN and the driving end VOUT is turned off due to the current flowing from the driving end VOUT to the power supply end VIN. At this time, the driving end VOUT is only grounded through the current limiting module 120. At this time, the current flow on the NPN type load is from the external power supply V2 through the NPN type load to the driving end VOUT, and then from the driving end VOUT through the current limiting module 120 to the ground GND, so a low level can be output at the driving end VOUT.
[0037] When the load driving circuit 100 is connected to a PNP type load, since one end of the PNP type load is grounded and the other end is connected to the driving end VOUT, when the PNP type load is triggered to turn on, the driving end VOUT is equivalent to the ground GND, so the unidirectional conduction module 110 is turned on, and the power supply voltage of the power supply end VIN is transmitted to the driving end VOUT through the unidirectional conduction module 110, and the power supply voltage is output from the driving end VOUT, thereby achieving a high level output at the driving end VOUT.
[0038] In the above scheme, when the driving end VOUT is connected to an NPN load, the unidirectional conduction module 110 can automatically cut off the current of the driving end VOUT from flowing to the power supply end VIN, and the driving end VOUT is grounded through the current limiting module 120, so that a low level can be output at the driving end VOUT; when the driving end VOUT is connected to a PNP load, the unidirectional conduction module 110 can automatically open the current path between the power supply end VIN and the driving end VOUT, and then the driving end VOUT receives the voltage from the power supply end VIN, and due to the existence of the current limiting module 120, the driving end VOUT can obtain sufficient driving voltage, so that a high level is output at the driving end VOUT. Therefore, it is possible to actively switch the output voltage according to the load type, which is conducive to reducing costs and improving efficiency.
[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a circuit structure diagram of another embodiment of the load driving circuit of the present application; Figure 2 As shown, the load driving circuit 100 may further include a switch module 130, including a control terminal, a first channel terminal, and a second channel terminal, wherein the control terminal is connected to the power terminal VIN, the first channel terminal is connected to the driving terminal VOUT, and the second channel terminal is grounded.
[0040] The above solution can selectively cut off the connection between the driving terminal VOUT and the ground through the switch module 130, that is, when the driving terminal VOUT is connected to a PNP type load, the connection between the driving terminal VOUT and the ground can be cut off, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of output switching.
[0041] In some embodiments, the switch module 130 may include one of a relay, an optical coupler, a transistor, and a MOSFET. Therefore, it is helpful to further reduce the cost.
[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 3 It is a circuit structure diagram of the load driving circuit of the present application connected to an NPN type load; Figure 4 It is a circuit structure diagram of the load driving circuit of the present application connected to a PNP type load. The switch module 130 can be selectively turned on or off based on the type of load connected to the driving terminal VOUT. Exemplarily, when the driving terminal VOUT is connected to an NPN type load, the first channel end and the second channel end of the switch module 130 can be connected, so that the driving terminal VOUT can be grounded through the current limiting module 120 and the first conduction end and the second conduction end, and then the driving terminal VOUT outputs a low level; when the driving terminal VOUT is connected to a PNP type load, the first channel end and the second channel end of the switch module 130 can be disconnected, so that the driving terminal VOUT is only connected to the power supply terminal VIN through the unidirectional conduction module 110 and receives the power supply voltage, and then the driving terminal VOUT outputs a high level.
[0043] Exemplarily, in a scenario where the switch module 130 can be selectively turned on or off based on the type of load connected to the driving terminal VOUT, the switch module 130 may include a P-type MOSFET, the gate of which is connected to the power supply terminal VIN, the source of which is connected to the driving terminal VOUT through the current limiting module 120, and the drain of which is grounded. Thus, when the driving terminal VOUT is connected to a PNP-type load, since one end of the PNP-type load is connected to an external power supply, it is equivalent to connecting the external power supply to the source of the P-type MOSFET, so that the P-type MOSFET can be turned on, and the driving terminal VOUT can be grounded through the current limiting module 120 and the P-type MOSFET, thereby outputting a low level at the driving terminal VOUT. When the driving terminal VOUT is connected to an NPN-type load, since one end of the NPN-type load is grounded, it is equivalent to grounding the source of the P-type MOSFET, so that the P-type MOSFET is turned off, and the driving terminal VOUT is only connected to the power supply terminal VIN through the unidirectional conduction module 110 and receives the power supply voltage, thereby outputting a high level at the driving terminal VOUT.
[0044] In some embodiments, the first channel end and the second channel end can be configured to be in a conductive state. That is to say, when the driving end VOUT is connected to a PNP load or an NPN load, the first channel end and the second channel end can always maintain a conductive state. When the driving end VOUT is connected to a PNP load, although the first channel end and the second channel end are conductive, the driving end VOUT is grounded through the current limiting module 120 and the switch module 130, but due to the existence of the current limiting module 120, the driving end VOUT can be kept with sufficient driving voltage, and then the driving end VOUT outputs a high level.
[0045] In some specific implementation scenarios, the switch module 130 may include an N-type MOSFET, whose gate is connected to the power supply terminal VIN, the source is grounded, and the drain is connected to the driving terminal VOUT through the current limiting module 120. When the driving terminal VOUT is connected to a PNP load or an NPN load, since its gate voltage is always greater than its source voltage and the gate-source voltage drop is greater than the conduction voltage drop, the switch module 130 can always remain on.
[0046] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , may also include a voltage limiting module 140 connected to the control end and the second path end of the switch module 130 , and used to limit the voltage between the control end and the second path end of the switch module 130 .
[0047] like Figure 2As shown, one end of the voltage limiting module 140 is connected to the power supply terminal VIN, and the other end is grounded. Therefore, by selecting a suitable voltage limiting module 140, the voltage of the power supply terminal VIN can be clamped below the external power supply voltage, so that when the driving terminal VOUT is connected to an NPN type load, the unidirectional conduction module 110 can reliably cut off the current path between the driving terminal VOUT and the power supply terminal VIN. At the same time, the voltage between the control terminal and the second path terminal of the switch module 130 can also be limited to prevent damage to the switch module 130.
[0048] In the above solution, the voltage between the control terminal and the second path terminal of the switch module 130 is limited by the voltage limiting module 140 , which is beneficial to preventing the switch module 130 from being damaged and improving the reliability of the load driving circuit 100 .
[0049] In some embodiments, the voltage limiting module 140 may include a Zener diode D2 , a forward input terminal of which is connected to the second path terminal, and a reverse input terminal of which is connected to the control terminal.
[0050] The above scheme is conducive to further reducing costs.
[0051] In some embodiments, the unidirectional conduction module 110 may be configured to conduct the current flowing from the power terminal VIN to the driving terminal VOUT, and to cut off the current flowing from the driving terminal VOUT to the power terminal VIN.
[0052] In the above scheme, when the driving end VOUT is connected to an NPN load, the unidirectional conduction module 110 can automatically cut off the current of the driving end VOUT from flowing to the power supply end VIN, and the driving end VOUT is grounded through the current limiting module 120, so that a low level can be output at the driving end VOUT; when the driving end VOUT is connected to a PNP load, the unidirectional conduction module 110 can automatically open the current path between the power supply end VIN and the driving end VOUT, and then the driving end VOUT receives the voltage from the power supply end VIN, and due to the existence of the current limiting module 120, the driving end VOUT can obtain sufficient driving voltage, so that a high level is output at the driving end VOUT. Therefore, it is possible to actively switch the output voltage according to the load type, which is conducive to reducing costs and improving efficiency.
[0053] In some embodiments, the unidirectional conduction module 110 may include a semiconductor controllable transistor, such as a triode, a MOSFET, etc.; the control end of the semiconductor controllable transistor, such as the base of the triode, the gate of the MOSFET can be connected to the driving end VOUT, so as to be selectively turned on or off according to the type of load connected to the driving end VOUT.
[0054] In some embodiments, the unidirectional conduction module 110 may include a diode, the forward input end is connected to the power supply end VIN, and the reverse input end is connected to the driving end VOUT. Therefore, when the load driving circuit 100 is connected to an NPN type load, since one end of the NPN type load is connected to the external power supply V2, and the other end is connected to the driving end VOUT, when the NPN type load is triggered to conduct, the driving end VOUT is equivalent to being connected to the external power supply V2, and the reverse input end voltage of the diode is greater than the forward input end voltage. At this time, the driving end VOUT is only grounded through the current limiting module 120. At this time, the current on the NPN type load flows from the external power supply V2 through the NPN type load to the driving end VOUT, and then flows from the driving end VOUT through the current limiting module 120 to the ground, so a low level can be output at the driving end VOUT. When the load driving circuit 100 is connected to a PNP type load, since one end of the PNP type load is grounded and the other end is connected to the driving end VOUT, when the PNP type load is triggered to turn on, the driving end VOUT is equivalent to being grounded, and the voltage at the forward input end of the diode is greater than the voltage at the reverse input end. The diode is turned on, and the power supply voltage at the power supply end VIN is transmitted to the driving end VOUT through the diode, and the power supply voltage is output from the driving end VOUT, thereby achieving a high level output at the driving end VOUT.
[0055] In some embodiments, the current limiting module may include a current limiting resistor.
[0056] One end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the driving end VOUT, and the other end is connected to the first passage end of the switch module 130, and is grounded through the first passage end and the second passage end. When the driving end VOUT is connected to a PNP type load, even if the first passage end and the second passage end of the switch module 130 are connected, the driving end VOUT is grounded through the current limiting resistor and the switch module 130, but due to the existence of the current limiting resistor, the driving end VOUT can be kept with sufficient driving voltage, and then a high level is output at the driving end VOUT. Therefore, when the driving end VOUT is connected to a PNP type load, due to the existence of the current limiting resistor, regardless of whether the switch module 130 is reliably turned off, a high level can be reliably output at the driving end VOUT, thereby helping to improve the reliability of the load driving module.
[0057] It is easy for a person skilled in the art to know that many modifications and changes can be made to the device and method while maintaining the teaching content of the present application. Therefore, the above disclosure should be considered as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A load driving circuit, characterized in that: The load driving circuit comprises: A power supply terminal, configured to input a driving voltage; The driving end is used to connect the load; A unidirectional conduction module, whose input end is connected to the power supply end and whose output end is connected to the driving end; A current limiting module has one end connected to the driving end and the other end grounded.
2. The load driving circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A switch module, comprising a control end, a first passage end, and a second passage end, wherein the control end is connected to the power end, and the first passage end is connected to the driving end; The second via terminal is grounded.
3. The load driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first passage end and the second passage end are configured to be in a conductive state.
4. The load driving circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The switch module includes one of a relay, an optical coupler, a transistor, and a MOSFET.
5. The load driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: The voltage limiting module is connected to the control end of the switch module and the second path end, and is used to limit the voltage between the control end of the switch module and the second path end.
6. The load driving circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage limiting module comprises: A voltage stabilizing diode has a forward input terminal connected to the second path terminal and a reverse input terminal connected to the control terminal.
7. The load driving circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way conduction module is configured to conduct the current flowing from the power supply end to the driving end, and to cut off the current flowing from the driving end to the power supply end.
8. The load driving circuit according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The one-way conduction module comprises: A diode has a forward input terminal connected to the power supply terminal and a reverse input terminal connected to the driving terminal.
9. The load driving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The current limiting module includes a current limiting resistor.
10. The load driving circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the driving end, and the other end is connected to the first passage end of the switch module, and is grounded through the first passage end and the second passage end.