Multi-port intelligent air switch

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent electric power, in particular to a multi-port intelligent air switch, which comprises a synchronous control system hardware circuit, and the synchronous control system hardware circuit comprises a core controller, a detection module, a driving module and a permanent magnet operating mechanism. According to the utility model, an optical signal is converted into a current signal to drive an SCR silicon controlled rectifier to control the opening and closing motion of a coil of the permanent magnetic mechanism, and the appearance of the bistable permanent magnetic mechanism enables the switching operation time accuracy of the vacuum switch to be greatly improved. The characteristic of small error of bistable state and the characteristic of rapidness and accuracy of optical fiber communication are integrated, so that synchronous control of multiple ports is facilitated, overlarge voltage and current fluctuation caused by overvoltage and overcurrent is avoided, and successful execution of breaking action is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent power, in particular to a multi-port intelligent circuit breaker. Background Art

[0002] Intelligent circuit breakers have functions such as remote control, metering, and alarm, and can easily monitor, control, and manage circuits. Compared with traditional circuit breakers, intelligent circuit breakers are more flexible and can adapt to different application scenarios. They can monitor the environment, equipment, and electrical safety conditions in real time, providing a reliable basis for improving system efficiency.

[0003] For example, CN209948787U relates to an intelligent circuit breaker device, including an intelligent circuit breaker circuit and a WIFI gateway. Among them, the air switch intelligent circuit includes: power supply, air switch, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, metering chip, MCU and communication circuit; the current sampling circuit is used to sample the current in the circuit and send the current sampling data to the metering chip; the voltage sampling circuit is used to sample the voltage in the circuit and send the voltage sampling data to the metering chip; the metering chip is used to calculate the power information of the circuit according to the current sampling data and voltage sampling data of the circuit, and send the power information to the MCU; the MCU is used to determine whether the circuit is open according to the power information of the circuit, and send the information of whether the circuit is open and the power information of the circuit to the WIFI gateway through the communication circuit; the WIFI gateway includes: communication module, WIFI chip and antenna, the WIFI gateway is connected to the user terminal device, so as to realize the user's real-time electrical parameter monitoring function of the circuit. In the prior art, the single-port switch control system is relatively mature. At present, the single-port switch improves the overall withstand voltage capability by series and parallel connection, and is then applied to the high voltage field. However, the problem of multiple single-port switches when breaking large currents is that the voltage and current of each port are uneven due to the different periods of action, which may cause the failure of the breaking action and even the serious consequence of equipment explosion.

[0004] In order to synchronously control the breaking operation of multiple single-port switches, avoid overvoltage and overcurrent, and reduce fluctuations, a multi-port intelligent circuit breaker is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-port intelligent circuit breaker to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a multi-port intelligent circuit breaker, including a synchronous control system hardware circuit, the synchronous control system hardware circuit includes a core controller, a detection module, a drive module and a permanent magnetic operating mechanism, the detection module is connected to the core controller, the core controller is connected to the drive module, and the drive module is connected to the permanent magnetic operating mechanism;

[0007] The core controller controls the permanent magnetic operating mechanism to complete the opening and closing actions at the target phase through the driving module according to the grid voltage value, current value and clock signal monitored in real time by the detection module and accepts manual instructions from the computer host.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the core controller includes a control chip, a power supply circuit, a watchdog, a reset circuit, a real-time clock and a temperature measurement circuit. The power supply circuit, the watchdog, the reset circuit and the temperature measurement circuit are all connected to the control chip, and the control chip is bidirectionally connected to the real-time clock.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the power supply circuit includes a power supply chip, the N and L pins of the power supply chip are connected to 220V AC mains, the +5V terminal of the power supply chip is connected to an inductor L3 and a capacitor C30, the inductor L3 is connected to a voltage regulator LDO, the capacitor C30 is connected to the voltage regulator LDO and to ground, and the voltage regulator LDO is connected to the control chip.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the control chip is also connected to a communication circuit, which includes a transceiver connected to the JTAG connector of the control chip, the transceiver is connected to an RS485 interface, and the RS485 interface is connected to a PC terminal through a converter.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the detection module includes a voltage sampler, a current sampler and an AC signal conditioning circuit. The voltage sampler and the current sampler are both connected to the bus, and the voltage sampler and the current sampler are both connected to the control chip through the AC signal conditioning circuit.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the driving module includes an optical driving circuit, a receiving circuit and a connected thyristor driving circuit, the thyristor driving circuit is connected to a bus, and the optical driving circuit and the receiving circuit are connected to the I / O pin of the control chip.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the multi-port intelligent circuit breaker, the SCR thyristor is driven to control the opening and closing movement of the permanent magnet mechanism coil by converting the optical signal into a current signal. The emergence of the bistable permanent magnet mechanism greatly improves the time accuracy of the vacuum switch switching operation. This system designs an optical fiber drive circuit whose control object is the bistable mechanism, combining the small error characteristics of the bistable state and the fast and accurate characteristics of optical fiber communication, so as to facilitate the synchronous control of multiple ports, avoid excessive voltage and current fluctuations caused by overvoltage and overcurrent, and ensure the successful execution of the breaking action. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a principle block diagram of the vacuum switch control system of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the light-controlled module vacuum switch of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the light-controlled module vacuum switch system of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is the core controller structure diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 This is the circuit diagram of the detection module of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a drive module of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 8 It is the communication circuit diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Fig. 9 This is a power supply circuit diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] As the urbanization process continues to accelerate, the power system plays an increasingly important role in supporting modern urban life. However, the control methods and equipment of traditional power systems have gradually revealed their inadequacies in meeting the needs for intelligence.

[0026] In order to meet the needs of real-time monitoring and remote control of urban lighting systems, smart power equipment has gradually attracted attention. Among them, smart circuit breakers, as an important part of the power system, have the characteristics of real-time monitoring, rapid response, and remote communication, and have become one of the key technologies for improving modern urban power systems.

[0027] As cities continue to expand, urban street light systems are also developing. Traditional street light control methods often fail to meet the high requirements for energy efficiency and urban lighting management, and the introduction of smart circuit breakers has injected new vitality into street light control systems. Smart circuit breakers can adjust power output intelligently according to actual lighting needs through precise monitoring and control, and achieve dynamic management of street lights. This integration can improve the intelligence level of street light systems, reduce energy waste, and provide urban residents with a more intelligent and safe lighting environment.

[0028] At present, there are two main types of application research on high-voltage vacuum switches: one is single-port switch. The control system of single-port switch is relatively mature, and we can think about how to improve the high-voltage resistance of the single port so that it can be directly applied to the high-voltage field; the other is multi-port vacuum switch. The multi-port switch has good high-voltage resistance, but there is not much research on the control system of multi-port vacuum switch. For multi-port vacuum switch, its bottleneck is how to achieve synchronous control;

[0029] Single-port switches connected in series and parallel can improve the overall withstand voltage capability, and is currently the best way to develop multi-port switches. However, the problem with multiple single ports when breaking large currents is that the voltage and current of each port are uneven due to the different phases of the action, which may cause the failure of the breaking action or even the serious consequence of equipment explosion. Synchronous control technology is valued by all walks of life based on this situation and has become an important difficulty in multi-port research. The core of synchronous technology is the combination of the controller and its surrounding hardware circuits and control programs, supplemented by algorithms that can effectively suppress transient phenomena in the opening and closing process, avoid overvoltage and overcurrent, and reduce fluctuations.

[0030] In the research of synchronous control, an electronic operating technology combining power electronics, optical communication and software technology has emerged, which greatly improves the controllability and control accuracy of the switch operating system. Most of the research on synchronous control systems is focused on medium voltage vacuum switches. Transplanting this technology to the field of high voltage switches will greatly promote the development of multi-port vacuum switches, better achieve synchronization and improve operation accuracy, and can accurately realize the phase selection synchronous operation of large-capacity high-voltage and ultra-high voltage circuit breakers. The effective solution of series connection technology will realize the promotion and application of series vacuum circuit breakers in high voltage and ultra-high voltage fields at a relatively low cost, replacing SF6 circuit breakers and serving the national environmental protection and energy conservation goals.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-port intelligent circuit breaker, including a synchronous control system hardware circuit, the synchronous control system hardware circuit includes a core controller, a detection module, a drive module and a permanent magnetic operating mechanism, the detection module is connected to the core controller, the core controller is connected to the drive module, and the drive module is connected to the permanent magnetic operating mechanism;

[0032] The core controller is based on the grid voltage, current and clock signal monitored in real time by the detection module, combined with the control voltage, ambient temperature and switch contact position signals transmitted by the sensor, and accepts manual instructions from the computer host computer. After software algorithm analysis, it predicts the optimal switching action time and controls the permanent magnet operating mechanism through the drive module to complete the opening and closing action at the target phase.

[0033] The core controller includes a control chip, a power circuit, a watchdog, a reset circuit, a real-time clock and a temperature measurement circuit. The power circuit, the watchdog, the reset circuit and the temperature measurement circuit are all connected to the control chip. The control chip is bidirectionally connected to the real-time clock.

[0034] The control chip is TMS320F2812 chip;

[0035] The power supply circuit includes a power supply chip. The N and L pins of the power supply chip are connected to 220V AC mains. The +5V terminal of the power supply chip is connected to inductor L3 and capacitor C30. Inductor L3 is connected to voltage regulator LDO. Capacitor C30 is connected to voltage regulator LDO and grounded. Voltage regulator LDO is connected to a control chip. A switching power supply module is used to convert 220V AC mains into 5V and 12V DC voltages. A power supply chip is used to convert 5V voltage into 3.3V and 1.9V. The chip adopts a dual power supply mechanism with operating voltages of 1.9V and 3.3V respectively. 1.9V is the internal core voltage of the chip, and 3.3V is the chip I / O voltage, which meets the power requirements of the hardware system and provides a stable power supply system for other modules.

[0036] The control chip is also connected to a communication circuit, which includes an RSM3485 transceiver connected to the JTAG connector of the control chip, and the RSM3485 transceiver is connected to the RS485 interface. The RS485 interface is connected to the PC via an RS232 / RS485 converter. By setting the communication circuit, the core controller can query the system status, the opening and closing status of each port of the three-port vacuum switch, the control voltage of the operating system, the ambient temperature, the grid voltage, and the current sampling value, etc.; the opening and closing operation instructions, the system receives the host computer instructions, and after confirmation, determines whether to open and close the switch and whether it is an opening operation or a closing operation;

[0037] The detection module includes a voltage sampler, a current sampler and an AC signal conditioning circuit. The voltage sampler and the current sampler are both connected to the busbar, and the voltage sampler and the current sampler are both connected to the control chip through the AC signal conditioning circuit. The grid voltage and current signals detected by the voltage sampler and the power sampler are output as 110V and 5A respectively after passing through the first-level PT and the first-level CT of the mutual inductor. This signal cannot be directly input into the A / D conversion chip, and needs to be processed by the second-level mutual inductor to meet the requirements. Therefore, a second-level AC voltage sampler and an AC current sampler are selected with an accuracy of 0.1 level, and the voltage sampler is connected to the resistor R12 through the AC signal conditioning circuit, and then connected to the E2ROM pin of the control chip through the resistor R12. The current sampler is connected to the resistor R24 ​​through the AC signal conditioning circuit, and then connected to the E2ROM pin of the control chip through the resistor R24;

[0038] The driving module includes an optical driving circuit, a receiving circuit and a connected thyristor driving circuit. The thyristor driving circuit is connected to the busbar. The optical driving circuit and the receiving circuit are connected to the I / O pin of the control chip. The 220V grid voltage is converted into a DC voltage through a transformer and a bridge rectifier circuit. The capacitor is charged through a resistor and a current limiting diode to put it in a ready state. The opening and closing signals sent by the external I / O interface of the DSP controller are used as input signals for the optical fiber control circuit.

[0039] In the specific use of a multi-port intelligent circuit breaker of this embodiment, the specific process is as follows:

[0040] The system is based on the TMS320F2812 chip of the digital processor (DSP), which monitors the grid voltage and current values, clock signals, control voltage and ambient temperature transmitted by sensors, as well as the position signals of the moving and static contacts of switches in real time. It accepts manual instructions from the computer host computer, and after software algorithm analysis, it predicts the best switching action time and completes the opening and closing actions at the target phase.

[0041] The working principle of the optical control module vacuum switch system is as follows: the main difference between the structure of the optical control vacuum module and the ordinary single-port vacuum is that the connecting line of the drive control system circuit is optical fiber. In addition, the permanent magnet operating mechanism and the arc extinguishing chamber are connected by a drive rod, which reduces other connection links and ensures higher accuracy. When the module is connected to the power grid, the power supply system does not work. When an unexpected working condition causes a power outage, the power supply system is put into use as a backup power supply. The signal drive circuit of the low-voltage part is responsible for converting electrical signals and optical signals, and then sending them to the high-voltage part. The permanent magnet control system receives the optical signal, converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and connects the drive circuit to enable the permanent magnet mechanism to complete the opening and closing tasks. The vacuum switch system is connected by optical fiber and busbar, and a high-voltage resistant multi-port switch is obtained in series.

[0042] The working principle of the MCU peripheral circuit is as follows: AC voltage and current conditioning circuit When the grid voltage and current signals pass through the first-level PT and the first-level CT of the transformer, the output is 110V and 5A respectively; this signal cannot be directly input into the A / D conversion chip, and needs to be processed by the second-level transformer to meet the requirements; the second-level AC voltage sampler PT43B002 and AC current sampler CT43B402 are selected, with an accuracy of 0.1 level; the appropriate voltage and current output are obtained by adjusting the capacitance and inductance; the current limiting resistor R2 = 1k / V; the amplifier and the resistor function to convert the small current output by the PT and CT into a voltage signal, which contains negative voltage Signal, so it is called bipolar signal; the 12-bit 16-channel analog-to-digital converter (A / D) inside the DSP performs analog-to-digital conversion; but the output of the secondary transformer is bipolar, and the converter input cannot be negative, so the output value of the sampling circuit above needs to be raised to make the output amplitude positive, and then perform simple filtering and anti-interference; the amplifier forms a subtraction circuit to raise the voltage so that the maximum negative voltage output is zero, and the capacitor is used for filtering, mainly to suppress high-frequency interference; the two diodes play a role in voltage limiting protection, so that the output is less than 3.3V, and the signal spikes are roughly filtered out, so that the processed signal can be input into the DSP for A / D conversion;

[0043] The thyristor drive circuit converts the 220V grid voltage into a DC voltage through a transformer and a bridge rectifier circuit, and charges the capacitor C9 through a resistor R25 and a current-limiting diode D9, so that it is in a preparatory state; the opening and closing signals sent by the external I / O interface of the DSP controller are used as input signals of the optical fiber control circuit; I / O0 sends a closing signal, which enables the thyristor SCR1 through the optical fiber signal module, and the branch where SCR1 is located is turned on, the capacitor C9 is discharged, and the moving iron core is driven by the closing coil L1 to perform a closing movement; when the I / O1 pin sends an opening signal, the branch where SCR2 is located is turned on, and the opening coil generates a magnetic field to overcome the magnetic force of the permanent magnet itself and the closing resistance, so that the moving iron core performs an opening movement;

[0044] The input digital signal can change the output power of the LED, which is reflected by the change of the LED light intensity, coupled into the optical fiber for propagation. There are two ways to couple the light source with the optical fiber: direct coupling and lens coupling. The lens coupling efficiency is relatively high. LEDs are generally coupled with optical fibers using cylindrical mirrors or self-focusing mirrors with large numerical apertures. LEDs are coupled through lenses, and most of the light emitted by the LEDs is focused by the lens and coupled into the optical fiber. Its conversion efficiency can be calculated using empirical formulas, which is much greater than the conversion efficiency of direct coupling. The optical fiber signal module is divided into an optical transmitter, an optical fiber, and an optical receiver. The core component of the optical transmitter is the light source. LED light-emitting diodes are selected as the light source. They have the advantages of low cost, high output power, good modulation performance, small beam divergence angle, and stable output wavelength. Since the LED temperature control effect is good, there is no need to add a temperature control circuit. The receiving device uses a PIN photodiode, which has a simple structure and low cost. It is sufficient to meet the transmission requirements with the amplifier circuit.

[0045] Light modulation is divided into direct modulation (internal modulation) and indirect modulation. Because the transmitted signal is only the I / O channel pulse signal of the DSP, this system adopts the direct modulation method. When the IO interface sends a high level "1", compared with the amplifier, it outputs a voltage of about 12V. After photoelectric isolation, the MOSFET is turned on, the LED lights up, and the power value steps. The capacitor in front of the LED tube is used for filtering; because the enable voltage requirement of the switching tube MOSFET is relatively large, the amplifier uses LM358. After the PIN tube of the receiving circuit receives the optical signal, it acts as a current source in the circuit. The operational amplifier outputs a high voltage, the SCR enable terminal is triggered, and the permanent magnet actuator is activated.

[0046] In summary, in this embodiment, the system is based on the DSP controller and is equipped with hardware circuits (including power supply design, minimum system design, drive circuit design, electrical parameter detection, sensor conditioning circuit, RS485 communication design and hardware anti-interference design, etc.) to provide a reliable guarantee for the vacuum switch to advance to a high voltage level; the permanent magnet mechanism optical fiber drive circuit design of the system, the basis of the optical fiber module principle is the optical fiber communication technology, the controller pulse signal passes through the MOSFET tube to make the LED lamp light up, and enters the optical fiber through lens coupling, the PIN tube receives the lens-coupled optical signal and converts it into a current signal to drive the SCR thyristor to control the opening and closing movement of the permanent magnet mechanism coil, the emergence of the bistable permanent magnet mechanism greatly improves the accuracy of the vacuum switch switching operation time, and the system designs an optical fiber drive circuit whose control object is the bistable mechanism, combining the small error characteristics of the bistable state and the fast and accurate characteristics of optical fiber communication, so as to facilitate multi-port synchronous control.

[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-port intelligent circuit breaker, characterized in that: It includes a synchronous control system hardware circuit, which includes a core controller, a detection module, a drive module and a permanent magnetic actuator, wherein the detection module is connected to the core controller, the core controller is connected to the drive module, and the drive module is connected to the permanent magnetic actuator; The core controller controls the permanent magnetic operating mechanism to complete the opening and closing actions at the target phase through the driving module according to the grid voltage value, current value and clock signal monitored in real time by the detection module and accepts manual instructions from the computer host.

2. The multi-port intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core controller includes a control chip, a power supply circuit, a watchdog, a reset circuit, a real-time clock and a temperature measurement circuit. The power supply circuit, the watchdog, the reset circuit and the temperature measurement circuit are all connected to the control chip, and the control chip is bidirectionally connected to the real-time clock.

3. The multi-port intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power circuit includes a power chip, the N and L pins of the power chip are connected to 220V AC mains, the +5V terminal of the power chip is connected to an inductor L3 and a capacitor C30, the inductor L3 is connected to a voltage regulator LDO, the capacitor C30 is connected to the voltage regulator LDO and grounded, and the voltage regulator LDO is connected to the control chip.

4. The multi-port intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control chip is also connected to a communication circuit, which includes a transceiver connected to the JTAG connector of the control chip, the transceiver is connected to an RS485 interface, and the RS485 interface is connected to a PC terminal through a converter.

5. The multi-port intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection module includes a voltage sampler, a current sampler and an AC signal conditioning circuit. The voltage sampler and the current sampler are both connected to a bus, and the voltage sampler and the current sampler are both connected to the control chip through the AC signal conditioning circuit.

6. The multi-port intelligent circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving module comprises an optical driving circuit, a receiving circuit and a connected thyristor driving circuit, the thyristor driving circuit is connected to a bus bar, and the optical driving circuit and the receiving circuit are connected to an I / O pin of the control chip.

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