Electric power-assisted bicycle mid-power assembly applying planetary gear transmission

Abstract

A middle power assembly of the electric power-assisted bicycle applying the planetary gear transmission is arranged at the position of a middle shaft of the bicycle, a power-assisted motor is arranged on a crank main shaft, and the planetary gear transmission is arranged on an auxiliary shaft. Power of the power-assisted motor passes through the duplex planetary gear reducer and is output to the main shaft through the one-way clutch, motor torque on the main shaft and manpower torque are synthesized and then transmitted to the auxiliary shaft, and synthesized power is transmitted to the output end of the auxiliary shaft through the planetary gear transmission. A planetary gear transmission on an auxiliary shaft in the power assembly is supported on an end cover of an assembly shell through a hollow shaft and connected with the end cover in an anti-rotation mode, a conical through hole is formed in the hollow shaft in the radial direction, a steel ball is arranged in the conical through hole, a center gear of the planetary gear transmission is rotatably arranged on the periphery of the hollow shaft in a sleeved mode, and an axial arc groove is formed in the inner circumference of the center gear. A controllable circumferential cam shaft is arranged in an inner hole of the hollow shaft and can circumferentially rotate relative to the hollow shaft, and a plurality of groups of central gears can be axially arranged to form a multi-gear transmission.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technology of combining a bicycle transmission and a power-assisted motor at the center axis of a bicycle, and belongs to the field of bicycle power-assisted and transmission. Background technology:

[0002] At present, some bicycle mid-mounted power-assisted motor and transmission combination technologies are a combination of a mid-mounted motor and an external transmission or a combination of a mid-mounted motor and a mid-mounted gear transmission. At the bicycle's mid-axis position, a reasonable combination of a mid-mounted power-assisted motor and a mid-mounted planetary gear transmission is its technical development direction. Summary of the invention:

[0003] The present invention discloses a mid-mounted power assembly for an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission, which is arranged at the center axis position of the bicycle, the power-assisted motor is arranged on the crank main shaft, the planetary gear transmission is arranged on the secondary shaft parallel to the main shaft, the toothed disc sprocket for the power output of the assembly is arranged coaxially with the main shaft, the output toothed disc sprocket is connected to the power output sleeve of the assembly to prevent rotation, the power output sleeve of the assembly is supported on the power assembly housing through an outer bearing, and the crank main shaft is supported through an inner bearing, and the planetary gear transmission is referred to as a transmission in the subsequent specification.

[0004] Furthermore, the power of the power-assisting motor is output to the main shaft through the double planetary gear reducer and the one-way bearing. The motor torque on the main shaft is synthesized with the human torque and then transmitted to the input end of the planetary gear transmission on the secondary shaft. The synthesized power is transmitted to the output end of the secondary shaft through the planetary gear transmission. The power at the output end of the secondary shaft is transmitted to the power output sleeve of the assembly concentric with the main shaft after the speed change, and the power is output through the chainring sprocket.

[0005] Furthermore, the planetary gear transmission on the secondary shaft of the powertrain is supported on the end cover of the assembly housing through a fixed sleeve and is anti-rotationally connected to the end cover. The fixed sleeve is provided with a conical radial through hole, and a steel ball is installed in the conical radial through hole. The center gear of the planetary gear transmission is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the fixed sleeve, and an axial arc groove is opened on the inner periphery of the center gear.

[0006] Furthermore, a control shaft is installed on the inner circumference of the fixed sleeve and can rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed sleeve. A cam groove is circumferentially provided on the outer circumference of the control shaft. The circumferential rotation of the control shaft can control the lifting and lowering of the steel ball to control the rotation and locking of the center gear and the fixed sleeve. Multiple groups of center gears are arranged axially and correspond to the conical radial through holes on the fixed sleeve and the circumferential cam grooves on the control shaft. The planetary gear transmission can form a multi-speed transmission by changing the input and output modes and the locking position of the center gear.

[0007] Furthermore, the planetary gear transmission is provided with a power input sleeve and a power output sleeve, wherein the input sleeve, the output sleeve and the fixed sleeve shaft are connected via bearing supports and can be circumferentially rotated and axially limited relative to the fixed sleeve, wherein the power input sleeve is the only power input part of the planetary gear transmission, and the output sleeve is the only power output part of the planetary gear transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, the ring gear at the input end of the planetary gear transmission is normally connected to the input, and is connected to the outer periphery of its power input sleeve in a rotation-resistant, radially floating, and axially limited manner. An input clutch is installed on the inner periphery of the input sleeve, and the outer periphery of the input clutch is connected to the inner periphery of the input sleeve in a rotation-resistant manner, but can slide axially relative to the input sleeve. The end face of the clutch on the side of the center gear is provided with serrated end face teeth, and the end face of the opposite center gear is also provided with serrated end face teeth. A compression spring is provided on the end face of the clutch relative to the bearing to press the clutch toward the center gear. A clutch control sleeve is provided on the inner periphery of the clutch and the outer periphery of the fixed shaft sleeve, and the clutch control sleeve is provided with a radial pin shaft, which penetrates the fixed shaft sleeve and is combined with the axial outer peripheral cam on the control shaft, and a radial through groove is provided at the corresponding position of the fixed shaft sleeve. The rotation of the control sleeve can control the axial sliding of the pin shaft to control the engagement and disengagement of the clutch.

[0009] Furthermore, the ring gear at the output end of the planetary gear transmission is a normal output connection, and is anti-rotation, radially floating, and axially limitedly connected to the outer periphery of the power output sleeve. An output clutch is provided on the inner periphery of the output sleeve. The clutch structure and connection method are the same as those of the input clutch. The center gear at the output end is the same as the center gear at the input end. The pin shaft is eliminated from the clutch at the output end, and automatic overriding control can be achieved.

[0010] Furthermore, the planetary gear transmission is provided with two sets of planetary gear structures, and the two sets of planetary gear carriers are an integrated structure. The input stage planetary gear structure realizes deceleration and direct output, and the output stage planetary gear realizes acceleration and direct output. The parameters of the planetary gears, central gears, and ring gears of the input stage are exactly the same as the parameters and structural dimensions of the planetary gears of the output stage, only the assembly direction is changed. The structural dimensions of the power input sleeve and the power output sleeve, and the input clutch and the output clutch are exactly the same, and only the assembly direction is changed.

[0011] Furthermore, the same structure and control method of the planetary gear transmission can be used for the transmission inside the bicycle hub. Description of the drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 It is an axonometric drawing of a mid-mounted powertrain assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a mid-mounted powertrain assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0014] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the spindle motor assembly of the mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0015] Figure 4 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of the main shaft motor assembly of a mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0016] Figure 5 It is an axonometric drawing of the mid-mounted countershaft transmission assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0017] Figure 6 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a central assembly countershaft transmission assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0018] Figure 7 It is an axonometric drawing of the transmission shaft core assembly of the mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0019] Figure 8 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a transmission shaft core assembly of a mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0020] Fig. 9 It is an axonometric diagram of the transmission control shaft of a mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0021] Fig.10 It is an axonometric drawing of a transmission fixing sleeve of a mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0022] Fig.11 It is an axonometric view of the transmission clutch assembly of a mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission.

[0023] Fig.12 It is an axonometric drawing of the large center gear of the mid-mounted assembly transmission of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission. Specific implementation method:

[0024] Part numbers, part names, connection methods and functional descriptions in the attached drawings of the mid-mounted assembly of an electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission:

[0025] Figure 2In the figure: No. 1 is the transmission output sprocket, which is connected to the transmission power output sleeve through a spline. After the synthetic power passes through the transmission, this sprocket outputs power to the assembly power output sleeve on the main shaft through a chain (not shown); No. 2 is the transmission fixed sleeve locking nut; No. 3 is the right end cover of the power assembly; No. 4 is the toothed disc sprocket of the power assembly output; No. 5 is the power assembly output sleeve, on the inner side of which is provided a sprocket for receiving the power of No. 1, and on the outer side is connected to the toothed disc sprocket through a spline, and its outer periphery is supported on the right end cover through an outer bearing, and its inner periphery supports the crank spindle through an inner bearing; No. 6 is the power assembly housing; No. 7 is the one-way bearing for the motor power output; No. 8 is the main shaft synthetic power output to the driving sprocket of the transmission (the chain is not shown), which is spline-connected to the crank spindle; No. 9 is The left end cover of the powertrain; No. 10 is the spindle motor assembly; No. 11 is the powertrain housing fastening bolt; No. 12 is the transmission fixing sleeve connecting bolt, used to lock the transmission fixing sleeve to the powertrain end cover; No. 13 is the planetary gear transmission assembly; No. 14 is the planetary gear transmission power input sprocket, used to receive the synthetic power on the spindle; The power transmission route of the mid-mounted powertrain of the electric power-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission is that the torque of the synthetic motor and manpower on the crank spindle is transmitted to the power input sleeve of the planetary gear transmission through the sprocket chain, and the power after the speed change is transmitted to the output sleeve of the transmission, and then transmitted to the power output sleeve of the assembly power on the crank spindle through the sprocket and chain, and the power is output to the rear hub of the bicycle through the chainring sprocket.

[0026] Figure 4 In the middle: No. 1001 is the motor stator, which is fixed to the power assembly housing; No. 1002 is the motor controller board; No. 1003 is the crank spindle, which is supported on the power assembly end cover through bearings at both ends, and the splines and internal threads of the shaft at both ends are used to connect the crank; No. 1004 is the bearing used to support the motor rotor on the spindle; No. 5 is a one-way bearing, which is used to transmit the motor power to the spindle in one direction; No. 6 is a double planetary gear reducer assembly, which is used to reduce the motor power and then send it to the crank spindle; No. 7 is the motor rotor, which is supported on the crank spindle through bearings and outputs power to the center gear of the planetary gear reducer through a tooth coupling;

[0027] Figure 6In: Serial number 1301 is a double-cable connecting ring of a planetary gear transmission, which is connected to the transmission control shaft through a spline, and the control shaft can be rotated forward and reversely by turning the handle cable; Serial number 1302 is a control shaft of the transmission, which is arranged on the inner circumference of a fixed sleeve, is axially limited relative to the fixed sleeve, and can rotate freely. The outer circumference of the control shaft is provided with 6 radial cam grooves and 1 axial cam groove. The radial cam groove is used to control the lifting and lowering of a steel ball installed in the conical radial through hole of the fixed sleeve to control the corresponding 6 central gears to lock or unlock with the fixed sleeve, and the axial cam groove is used to control the axial movement of the input clutch of the transmission through a pin, and control the engagement or separation of the clutch and the central gear; Serial number 1303 is a fixed sleeve of the transmission, which is connected to the powertrain through a threaded hole at the end of the shaft. The end cover is fixedly connected to the transmission, and it bears the axial force of the transmission and the locking torque of the central gear, and bears the bending moment of the transmission input sleeve and the transmission output sleeve. The fixed sleeve is provided with 6 conical radial through holes arranged in the axial direction and a radial through groove at the left end. 6 steel balls are provided in the 6 conical radial through holes, and 6 central gears are provided on the corresponding outer circumference. The inner circumference corresponds to 6 cam grooves of the control shaft. A clutch pin passes through the radial through groove, which corresponds to the axial cam groove of the control shaft. Serial number 1304 is the power input sleeve of the transmission, and the outer circumference is connected to the power input sprocket and the input gear ring through a tooth shape, and the inner circumference is provided with a bearing supported on the fixed sleeve, and the inner circumference is provided with a clutch through a tooth shape. The clutch can be controlled by the control shaft to move axially to control the combination or separation of the power input sleeve and the central gear; No. 1305 is the transmission power input sprocket; No. 1306 is the transmission input stage connecting toothed disc, which connects the transmission power input sleeve and the transmission input gear ring through internal and external teeth; No. 1307 is the transmission input gear ring, which is engaged with the transmission input stage planetary gear 3 (large planetary gear); No. 1308 is the transmission input stage planetary gear, which is a triple gear corresponding to 3 central gears; No. 1309 is the planetary gear carrier, which is a two-stage integrated structure, with two sets of triple planetary gears at the front and rear, and the parameters of the two sets of planetary gears are exactly the same; No. 1310 is the transmission output stage gear ring, which has the same gear parameters as the input stage gear ring, meshes with the output stage large planetary gear, and is connected to the transmission power output sleeve through the connecting toothed disc. ; Serial number 1311 is the output stage planetary gear of the transmission; Serial number 1312 is the output stage connecting gear plate of the transmission, which is externally connected to the output gear ring and internally connected to the transmission power output sleeve; Serial number 1313 is the power output sprocket of the transmission; Serial number 1314 is the power output sleeve of the transmission, and its structural dimensions are exactly the same as those of the power input sleeve, and the connected parts and connection methods are also exactly the same; Serial number 1315 is the bearing; Serial number 1316 is the steel ball, 6 of which are arranged axially; Serial number 1317 is the transmission output stage center gear 3; Serial number 1318 is the transmission output stage center gear 2; Serial number 1319 is the transmission output stage center gear 1; Serial number 1320 is the transmission input stage center gear 3; Serial number 1321 is the transmission input stage center gear 2;Serial number 1322 is the transmission input stage central gear 1, the gear parameters and dimensions of the transmission input stage central gear and the output stage central gear are exactly the same; Serial number 1323 is the bearing; Serial number 1324 is the transmission input clutch assembly; Serial number 1325 is the transmission output clutch assembly, the two clutch parameters and dimensions are exactly the same, the output clutch is installed without the pin shaft, the output clutch is an overrunning clutch and can be automatically controlled. ;

[0028] Fig.11 In the middle; serial number 130401 is the clutch spring, serial number 130402 is the clutch; serial number 130403 is the clutch control ring; serial number 130404 is the clutch pin.

[0029] Specific implementation method: The preferred technical scheme diagram provided by the present invention is that the motor is arranged on the crank main shaft, the planetary gear transmission is arranged on the secondary shaft parallel to the crank main shaft, the power-assisting motor is reduced by the double planetary gears, and the power is transmitted to the crank main shaft through the one-way bearing. The manpower on the crank main shaft and the combined torque of the motor are transmitted to the planetary gear transmission through the sprocket chain. The power after the speed change of the planetary gear transmission is then transmitted to the output sleeve connected to the main shaft through the sprocket chain, and then the torque is transmitted to the rear hub of the bicycle through the chainring sprocket.

[0030] The preferred technical solution provided by the present invention is a planetary gear 11-speed transmission with a speed ratio range of 440%. Now the implementation process of the planetary gear 11-speed transmission is described through a table.

[0031] Parameter table of each speed ratio of planetary gear 11-stage transmission

[0032]

[0033] The front stage of the planetary gear transmission in the technical solution of the present invention is the ring gear input and the planetary gear carrier output, which locks the three sun gears respectively and provides three reduction ratios of 0.476, 0.549 and 0.635. When the input clutch is engaged and the three sun gears are unlocked, the sun gear and the ring gear are locked to the power input sleeve together, that is, the input stage sun gear, the ring gear and the planetary gear carrier rotate synchronously to provide a direct input speed ratio; the rear stage of the planetary gear transmission is the planetary gear carrier input and the ring gear output. When the three sun gears of the rear stage are locked respectively, three speed increase ratios of 1.574, 1.823 and 2.099 are provided, and the output clutch is in an overrunning state. When the three sun gears of the rear stage are all unlocked, the rear stage output clutch automatically engages under the action of the spring force, so that the output ring gear and the sun gear are locked to the power output sleeve, and the output ring gear, the output sun gear and the planetary gear carrier rotate synchronously to provide a direct output speed ratio.

[0034] Speed ​​levels 1, 2, and 3 are respectively locking the three sun gears of the input stage and all the sun gears of the output stage are unlocked, and the speed ratios are 0.476*1=0.476, 0.549*1=0.549, and 0.635*1=0.635; speed levels 9, 10, and 11 are respectively locking the sun gears of the rear stage, engaging the input clutch of the front stage, and all the sun gears of the front stage are unlocked, and the speed ratios are 1*1.574=1.574, 1*1.823=1.823, and 1*2.099=2.099; speed level 4 is the input clutch disengaging to lock the front stage sun gear 1 and the rear stage sun gear 4, and the output clutch overrunning, and the speed ratio is 0.476*1,574= 0.749; Speed ​​stage 5 is input clutch separation, locking the front center gear 1 and the rear center gear 5, the rear clutch overrunning, the speed ratio is 0,476*1.823=0.868; Speed ​​stage 6 is front and rear clutch combination, the front and rear center gears are all unlocked, the speed ratio is 1*1=1; Speed ​​stage 7 is input clutch separation, locking the front center gear 3, locking the rear center gear 5, the output clutch overrunning, the speed ratio is 0.635*1.823=1.157; Speed ​​stage 8 is input clutch separation, locking the front center gear 3 and the rear center gear 6, the output clutch is in overrunning state, the speed ratio is 0.635*2.099=1.333.

Claims

1. An electric power-assisted bicycle mid-mounted powertrain using a planetary gear transmission, characterized by: The power assembly is arranged at the middle axis of the bicycle, the power-assisting motor is arranged on the crank main shaft, the planetary gear transmission is arranged on the secondary shaft parallel to the main shaft, the toothed disc sprocket of the power output of the assembly is arranged coaxially with the main shaft, the output toothed disc sprocket is connected to the power output sleeve of the assembly to prevent rotation, the power output sleeve of the assembly is supported on the power assembly housing through an outer bearing, and the crank main shaft is supported through an inner bearing; The power of the power-assisting motor is output to the main shaft through the double planetary gear reducer and the one-way bearing. The motor torque on the main shaft is synthesized with the human torque and then transmitted to the input end of the planetary gear transmission on the secondary shaft. The synthesized power is transmitted to the output end of the secondary shaft through the planetary gear transmission. The power at the output end of the secondary shaft is transmitted to the assembly power output sleeve concentric with the main shaft after the speed change, and the power is output through the toothed sprocket.

2. The mid-mounted powertrain of an electric-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The planetary gear transmission on the secondary shaft of the powertrain is supported on the end cover of the assembly housing through a fixed sleeve and is anti-rotationally connected to the end cover. The fixed sleeve is provided with a conical radial through hole, in which a steel ball is installed. The center gear of the planetary gear transmission is rotatably mounted on the outer circumference of the fixed sleeve, and an axial arc groove is provided on the inner circumference of the center gear.

3. The mid-mounted powertrain of an electric-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A control shaft is installed on the inner circumference of the fixed sleeve and can rotate circumferentially relative to the fixed sleeve. A cam groove is circumferentially provided on the outer circumference of the control shaft. The circumferential rotation of the control shaft can control the lifting and lowering of the steel ball to control the rotation and locking of the center gear and the fixed sleeve. Multiple groups of center gears are arranged axially and correspond to the conical radial through holes on the fixed sleeve and the circumferential cam grooves on the control shaft. The planetary gear transmission can form a multi-speed transmission by changing the input and output modes and the locking position of the center gear.

4. The mid-mounted powertrain of an electric-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The planetary gear transmission is provided with a power input sleeve and a power output sleeve. The input sleeve, the output sleeve and the fixed shaft sleeve are connected through bearing supports and can rotate circumferentially and axially limited relative to the fixed shaft sleeve. The power input sleeve is the only power input part of the planetary gear transmission, and the output sleeve is the only power output part of the planetary gear transmission.

5. The mid-mounted powertrain of an electric-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ring gear at the input end of the planetary gear transmission is a normal input connection, and is connected to the outer periphery of its power input sleeve in a rotation-resistant, radially floating, and axially limited manner. An input clutch is installed on the inner periphery of the input sleeve, and the outer periphery of the input clutch is connected to the inner periphery of the input sleeve in a rotation-resistant manner, but can slide axially relative to the input sleeve. The end face of the clutch on the side of the center gear is provided with serrated end face teeth, and the opposite end face of the center gear is also provided with serrated end face teeth. A compression spring is provided on the end face of the clutch relative to the bearing to press the clutch toward the center gear. A clutch control sleeve is provided on the inner periphery of the clutch and the outer periphery of the fixed shaft sleeve, and the clutch control sleeve is provided with a radial pin shaft, which penetrates the fixed shaft sleeve and is combined with the axial outer peripheral cam on the control shaft, and a radial through groove is provided at the corresponding position of the fixed shaft sleeve. The rotation of the control sleeve can control the axial sliding of the pin shaft to control the engagement and disengagement of the clutch.

6. The mid-mounted powertrain of an electric-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ring gear at the output end of the planetary gear transmission is a normal output connection, and is anti-rotation, radially floating, and axially limited connection with the outer periphery of the power output sleeve. An output clutch is provided on the inner periphery of the output sleeve. The clutch structure and connection method are the same as those of the input clutch. The center gear at the output end is the same as the center gear at the input end. The pin shaft is eliminated from the clutch at the output end, and automatic overrunning control can be achieved.

7. The mid-mounted powertrain of an electric-assisted bicycle using a planetary gear transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The planetary gear transmission is equipped with two sets of planetary gear structures. The two sets of planetary gear frames are an integrated structure. The input stage planetary gear structure realizes deceleration and direct output, and the output stage planetary gear realizes acceleration and direct output. The parameters of the input stage planetary gears, central gears, and ring gears are exactly the same as the parameters and structural dimensions of the output stage planetary gears, only the assembly direction has been changed. The structural dimensions of the power input sleeve and the power output sleeve, and the input clutch and the output clutch are exactly the same, only the assembly direction has been changed.

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