Horizontal drilling crack orienting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal drilling crack orienting device, which comprises a base, an impression device, a horizontal drilling device, a horizontal drilling device, a horizontal drilling device, a horizontal drilling device, a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal drilling device, and is characterized in that the base is provided with a hollow pressure chamber; the supporting piece is provided with a hollow cavity, the cavity is communicated with the pressure chamber, and a piston capable of moving in the axial direction under thrust is arranged in the cavity; the direction determining device comprises a load transmission shaft fixedly connected with the piston and an eccentric turntable sleeved on the load transmission shaft through a bearing, the load transmission shaft deviates from the center of the eccentric turntable, the piston drives the load transmission shaft to move in the moving process, and angle scales are arranged on the circumferential surface of the eccentric turntable; and the anti-skid fixed seat is opposite to the eccentric turntable, and a gap is formed between the anti-skid fixed seat and the eccentric turntable. The device is not limited by the depth of a drill hole, time and a geomagnetic field, crack orientation is carried out by fully utilizing the principle that pressure and object gravity in hydraulic fracturing equipment are downward, and it can be guaranteed that the orientation of initial ground stress of deep engineering is accurately measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics testing, and specifically relates to a horizontal drilling crack directional device and method. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic fracturing method is a method of in-situ stress testing that uses water pressure to cause rock mass to break, produce rock cracks, obtain water pressure parameters and crack orientation, and thus obtain the initial in-situ stress value and orientation. The rock crack orientation is obtained by the hydraulic fracturing method in-situ stress testing directional device, which determines the orientation of the maximum principal stress on the borehole cross section. Therefore, the borehole hydraulic fracturing method in-situ stress testing directional device is an important equipment in the borehole hydraulic fracturing method in-situ stress testing.

[0003] At present, the traditional borehole hydraulic fracturing method geostress test directional device mainly adopts borehole inclinometer and borehole photography technology, which has the limitations of borehole depth (hole depth does not exceed 500m, especially horizontal borehole or inclined hole) and timer setting time (about 2 hours). Although some experts and scholars have invented some three-dimensional electronic compasses or timeless mechanical compasses for orientation, these devices must be made of non-magnetic materials and must maintain a certain distance from the magnetic materials on site, but these conditions are often not met at the geostress test site. Therefore, for deep or ultra-deep underground projects, the initial geostress needs to be tested by borehole hydraulic fracturing. For ultra-deep boreholes (over 500m, especially horizontal boreholes or inclined holes), the traditional directional device cannot complete the location of rock fractures due to time constraints and is no longer applicable. Therefore, in order to truly determine the geostress orientation of ultra-deep boreholes, it is necessary to develop a horizontal borehole fracture directional device and directional method. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to address the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a horizontal drilling fracture orientation device, which is not limited by the borehole depth, time and geomagnetic field, and fully utilizes the pressure in the hydraulic fracturing equipment (imprinter) and the principle of the downward force of the object's gravity to orient the fracture, thereby ensuring the accurate determination of the orientation of the initial geostress of deep engineering.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A horizontal drilling fracture directional device, the directional device is connected to a hydraulic fracturing mold, comprising:

[0007] A base having a hollow pressure chamber, wherein the pressure chamber of the base is connected to the water outlet of the impression device;

[0008] A support member having a hollow cavity, the cavity being communicated with the pressure chamber, and a piston capable of axial movement under thrust is arranged in the cavity;

[0009] The orientation determining device comprises a load transmission shaft fixedly connected to the piston and an eccentric rotating disk mounted on the load transmission shaft through a bearing sleeve, wherein the load transmission shaft is arranged offset from the center of the eccentric rotating disk, and the load transmission shaft is driven to move during the movement of the piston, and an angle scale is arranged on the circumference of the eccentric rotating disk;

[0010] An anti-skid fixing seat is arranged opposite to the eccentric turntable with a distance between the two, wherein the distance between the anti-skid fixing seat and the eccentric turntable is set so that when the piston moves to an extreme position in the cavity in a direction away from the base, the eccentric turntable presses against the anti-skid fixing seat and cannot rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, a limit device for limiting the movement of the piston is provided on the side wall of the support member, and a positioning groove cooperating with the limit device is correspondingly provided on the piston. When the piston moves in the cavity until the limit device is stuck in the positioning groove, the eccentric turntable is pressed against the anti-slip fixing seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a stop plate fixed on the side wall of the support member, a first spring arranged in the stop plate, and a positioning pin, wherein the stop plate has a cavity, the first spring and the positioning pin are arranged in the cavity, one end of the first spring is connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the positioning pin, the positioning pin is limited in the first spring and one end of it extends into the cavity to contact and connect with the side wall of the piston, and in this state, the first spring is in a compressed state.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the piston close to the eccentric rotating disk is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity through a second spring, and when the eccentric rotating disk is pressed against the anti-slip fixing seat, the second spring is in a compressed state.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing ring is arranged on the side wall of the piston close to one end of the base.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes an outer sleeve, which is detachably sleeved on the base to wrap the support member and the orientation determining device on its inner side, and an outer sleeve head is covered on the end of the outer sleeve away from the base, and an anti-slip fixing seat is fixed on the inner side of the outer sleeve head.

[0016] Furthermore, a transparent observation window is provided at a position on the outer sleeve corresponding to the eccentric rotating disk.

[0017] Furthermore, an angle reading point is marked on the observation window at a position corresponding to 180° of the eccentric rotating disk of the orientation device before measurement.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the utility model utilizes the water pressure in the impression device to push the piston to move, thereby driving the eccentric turntable to move axially, and then according to the structural characteristics of the eccentric turntable, that is, because it is an eccentric disk and it is always facing downward under the action of gravity, therefore, the eccentric turntable in the borehole is automatically rotated to always face downward under the influence of the eccentric structure and gravity, and finally the eccentric turntable is axially fixed by a limit device, and the eccentric turntable is radially fixed by an anti-slip fixing seat, and the direction of the crack is obtained by reading the angle on the eccentric turntable corresponding to the angle reading point and the arc l between the relative position of the angle reading point and the crack on the impression device; the utility model breaks through the limitations of traditional rock fracture orientation devices, is not limited by the depth of the borehole, time and the geomagnetic field, and fully utilizes the pressure in the hydraulic fracturing equipment (impression device) and the principle of the downward force of the object's gravity to orient the crack, which can ensure the accurate determination of the orientation of the initial geostress of the deep engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a horizontal drilling crack directional device according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a horizontal drilling crack directional device according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the utility model discloses a horizontal drilling fracture orientation device, including a base 1, a support member 2, an orientation determination device and an anti-slip fixing seat 11. The base 1 is connected to a hydraulic fracturing die. The base 1 is provided with a hollow pressure chamber 13, and the pressure chamber 13 on the base 1 is connected to a water outlet of the die. A snap-fit ​​groove matching with the support member 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the base 1, and the support member 2 is fixed in the snap-fit ​​groove. The support member 2 is provided with a hollow cavity, and when the support member is fixed in the snap-fit ​​groove, its cavity is connected to the pressure chamber 13 on the base 1.

[0025] A piston 15 that can move axially under thrust is arranged in the cavity of the support member 2. An exhaust hole 7 is also arranged at the end of the cavity away from the base 1 to facilitate exhaust when the piston 17 moves. In order to prevent the water pressure entering the pressure chamber 13 from the impression device from leaking from the gap between the piston 15 and the cavity, a plurality of waterproof sealing rings 14 are sleeved on the outer wall of the piston 15 close to the base 1. The orientation fixing device is fixed to the end of the piston 15 away from the base 1. The orientation fixing device includes a load transmission shaft 17 fixed on the piston 15 and an eccentric turntable 8 sleeved on the load transmission shaft 17 through a bearing 18. In order to facilitate direct reading of angle information, a scale (0-360 degrees) is arranged on the circumference of the eccentric turntable 8, and the scale on the circumference can be set according to needs, generally 5 degrees per small grid. Among them, the load transmission shaft 17 is set away from the center of the eccentric turntable 8.

[0026] An outer sleeve 10 is sleeved on the base 1, and the outer sleeve 10 wraps the support 2 and the orientation determination device on its inner side. The outer sleeve head 12 is covered on the end side of the outer sleeve 10 away from the base 1, and the anti-skid fixed seat 11 is arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve head 12 and is arranged opposite to the eccentric turntable 8. In addition, there is a spacing between the eccentric turntable 8 and the anti-skid fixed seat 11, wherein the spacing between the anti-skid fixed seat 11 and the eccentric turntable 8 is set so that when the piston 15 moves to the extreme position in the cavity in the direction away from the base 1, the eccentric turntable 8 presses on the anti-skid fixed seat 11 and cannot rotate. In order to facilitate accurate reading of the angle change of the directional device, a transparent observation window 9 is set at the position corresponding to the eccentric turntable 8 on the outer sleeve 10. And the angle reading point is marked on the observation window 9 at a position corresponding to the 180° eccentric turntable on the directional device before measurement.

[0027] In order to better fix the eccentric rotating disk 8 and prevent it from moving due to changes in water pressure, a limiting device for limiting the movement of the piston is provided on the side wall of the support 2, and a positioning groove 4 cooperating with the limiting device is correspondingly provided on the piston. When the piston 15 moves in the cavity until the limiting device is stuck in the positioning groove 4, the eccentric rotating disk 8 presses against the anti-slip fixed seat 11. Specifically, the limiting device includes a stop plate 3 fixed on the side wall of the support 2, a first spring 6 arranged in the stop plate 3, and a positioning pin 5. Among them, there is a cavity in the stop plate 3, and the first spring 6 and the positioning pin 5 are both arranged in the cavity. Among them, one end of the first spring 6 is connected to the top of the cavity, and the other end of the first spring 6 is connected to the positioning pin 5. The positioning pin 5 is limited in the first spring 6 and one end of it extends to the cavity to contact and connect with the side wall of the piston 15. In this initial state, the first spring 6 is in a compressed state. When the piston 15 moves in the cavity until the positioning pin 5 is locked in the positioning groove 4, the piston 15 is fixed and cannot move further, and at this time, the load transmission shaft 17 and the eccentric rotating disk 8 are both fixed in the axial direction. In order to facilitate the reset of the eccentric rotating disk 8, the end of the piston 15 close to the eccentric rotating disk 8 is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity through the second spring 16, and when the eccentric rotating disk 8 is pressed against the anti-slip fixing seat 11, the second spring 16 is in a compressed state.

[0028] When using the horizontal drilling crack orientation device of this embodiment to orient the crack, first connect the base 1 to the stamper so that the pressure chamber 13 of the base 1 is connected to the water outlet of the stamper. During measurement, the stamper and the orientation device are placed in the borehole for measurement. During the measurement, the water pressure in the stamper acts on the piston 15 through the pressure chamber 13. The piston 15 is thrust to drive the load transmission shaft 17 axially to move close to the anti-slip fixed seat 11. When the load transmission shaft 17 moves a certain distance, the positioning pin 5 on the support 2 is stuck in the positioning groove 4. At the same time, the eccentric turntable 8 connected to the load transmission shaft 17 is pressed against the anti-slip fixed seat 11, so that the eccentric turntable 8 is fixed in both radial and axial directions. Due to the eccentric structural characteristics of the eccentric turntable 8, the eccentric turntable 8 automatically rotates to always face downward in the borehole under the influence of gravity.

[0029] Take out the orientation device, read the angle α corresponding to the angle reading point on the scale of the eccentric rotating disk 8 when the eccentric rotating disk 8 is fixed on the outer sleeve 10, and at the same time, obtain the arc l between the relative position of the angle reading point and the crack on the impression device, and then calculate the angle β between the rock crack and the angle reading point by the arc l:

[0030]

[0031] Where: β is the angle between the rock fracture and the center point of the observation window;

[0032] α is the angle observed by the center point of the observation window;

[0033] l is the arc length between the rock fracture and the center point of the observation window;

[0034] D is the drilling diameter.

[0035] Finally, the angle calculated by (β-α) is used as the direction corresponding to the fracture in the horizontal borehole hydraulic fracturing stress test, thereby obtaining the fracture direction.

[0036] After the orientation test is completed, the outer sleeve 10 is opened, and the positioning pin 5 on the stop plate 3 is pulled, and the piston 15 is reset to the initial state under the action of the second spring 16. Then the outer sleeve 10 is installed to carry out the orientation test of the next test part.

[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the contents of the present invention specification should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal drilling crack directional device, characterized in that: The directional device is connected to a hydraulic fracturing impression device, and comprises: A base having a hollow pressure chamber, wherein the pressure chamber of the base is connected to the water outlet of the impression device; A support member having a hollow cavity, the cavity being communicated with the pressure chamber, and a piston which moves axially under thrust is arranged in the cavity; The orientation determining device comprises a load transmission shaft fixedly connected to the piston and an eccentric rotating disk mounted on the load transmission shaft through a bearing sleeve, wherein the load transmission shaft is arranged offset from the center of the eccentric rotating disk, and the load transmission shaft is driven to move during the movement of the piston, and an angle scale is arranged on the circumference of the eccentric rotating disk; An anti-skid fixing seat is arranged opposite to the eccentric turntable with a distance between the two, wherein the distance between the anti-skid fixing seat and the eccentric turntable is set so that when the piston moves to an extreme position in the cavity in a direction away from the base, the eccentric turntable presses against the anti-skid fixing seat and cannot rotate.

2. The horizontal drilling crack directional device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit device for limiting the movement of the piston is arranged on the side wall of the support member, and a positioning groove cooperating with the limit device is correspondingly arranged on the piston. When the piston moves in the cavity until the limit device is stuck in the positioning groove, the eccentric turntable presses against the anti-slip fixing seat.

3. The horizontal drilling crack directional device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting device includes a stop plate fixed on the side wall of the support member, a first spring arranged in the stop plate, and a positioning pin, wherein the stop plate has a cavity, the first spring and the positioning pin are arranged in the cavity, one end of the first spring is connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the positioning pin, the positioning pin is limited in the first spring and one end of the first spring extends into the cavity to contact and connect with the side wall of the piston, and in this state, the first spring is in a compressed state.

4. The horizontal drilling crack directional device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the piston close to the eccentric rotating disk is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity through a second spring, and when the eccentric rotating disk is pressed against the anti-slip fixing seat, the second spring is in a compressed state.

5. The horizontal drilling fracture orientation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is arranged on the side wall of the piston close to one end of the base.

6. The horizontal drilling fracture orientation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an outer sleeve, which is detachably sleeved on the base to wrap the support member and the orientation determining device on its inner side, an outer sleeve head is covered on the end of the outer sleeve away from the base, and an anti-slip fixing seat is fixed on the inner side of the outer sleeve head.

7. The horizontal drilling crack directional device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transparent observation window is set at a position on the outer sleeve corresponding to the eccentric turntable.

8. The horizontal drilling crack directional device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle reading point is marked on the observation window at a position corresponding to 180° of the eccentric rotating disk of the orientation device before measurement.

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