Slag breaking mechanism for tower-type water-cooled fire grate of biomass gasifier
By designing a spiral slag breaker and auxiliary ash scraping and ash guide knife structure in the tower water-cooled grate of the biomass gasification furnace, the problem of blockage and blockage is solved, and the efficient operation of the equipment is achieved and the shutdown and cleaning is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421009882.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-11
AI Technical Summary
When starting the biomass gasifier, a large block may form agglomeration between the grate and the inner wall of the furnace body, resulting in clogging. It is difficult for existing slag breaker technology to completely avoid slag breaker stuck in the slag breaker and the furnace body. The walls rotate simultaneously with the grate, causing shutdown and cleaning.
Design a slag breaking mechanism of a tower-type water-cooled grate, including a slag breaking knife with a spiral and twisted direction and the rotation direction of the ash basin, combining an L-shaped gray scraper and a spiral gray guide knife to ensure that the agglomeration does not fall off directly Enter the ash pot and promote the decomposition of the agglomeration through friction to avoid clogging.
It effectively avoids blockages and cracks in the cracked slag knife and the inner wall of the furnace body, prevents blockage, reduces the situation of shutdown and cleaning, and improves the operating stability and service life of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222226275U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass gasification slag removal mechanical equipment, in particular to a slag breaking mechanism for a tower-type water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier. Background Art
[0002] Biomass gasification is a process that uses air, oxygen-enriched air, air and water vapor, oxygen and water vapor, etc. as gasifying agents to convert biofuels into fuel gas through thermochemical reactions under high temperature conditions. The gasification process can convert solid biofuels into easy-to-use gaseous fuels, transfer the chemical energy of the fuel to the fuel gas, and the conversion efficiency reaches 70-90%, so it is a highly efficient conversion method.
[0003] The biomass gasifier consists of a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, a reduction layer, and an oxidation layer from top to bottom. The biofuel is added from the top and moves slowly downward, and the fuel bed is supported on the grate; the gasifier enters from the bottom of the grate, passes through each reaction layer upward, and the fuel gas is discharged from the top.
[0004] When the gasifier is first started, coal slag needs to be laid over the grate base before raw materials are added for ignition. This may cause large agglomerates to get stuck between the grate and the inner wall of the furnace, causing blockage, which eventually requires shutdown for cleaning.
[0005] There are already some technical solutions that set slag breaking knives on the grate to break up the lumps stuck between the grate and the inner wall of the furnace body. However, there are still special situations where some tough lumps are stuck between the slag breaking knife and the inner wall of the furnace body and rotate synchronously with the grate, which can easily cause blockage and require shutdown for cleaning.
[0006] Therefore, the present application proposes a slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasification furnace, which can avoid the formation of lumps stuck in the gap between the slag breaking knife and the inner wall of the furnace body and rotate synchronously with the slag breaking knife. Utility Model Content
[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier, which solves the special problem that some tough agglomerates are stuck between the slag breaking knife and the inner wall of the furnace body and rotate synchronously with the grate.
[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body, an ash basin rotating below the furnace body, a grate arranged on the ash basin, and a support ring between the grate and the ash basin, characterized in that a plurality of slag breaking knives distributed in a ring are provided on the outer wall of the support ring, the slag breaking knives are spiral-shaped and the twisting direction is the same as the rotation direction of the ash basin, and the height of the slag breaking knives is not lower than the bottom of the furnace body.
[0009] Preferably, the outer diameter of the slag breaking knife decreases along with its rotation direction.
[0010] Preferably, the distance from the side edge of the slag breaking knife to the inner wall of the furnace body is 150mm-200mm.
[0011] Preferably, the outer diameter increase of the slag breaking knife is 5mm-20mm.
[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the slag breaking knife decreases along its rotation direction.
[0013] Preferably, the outer edge of the slag breaking knife is inclined downward.
[0014] Preferably, a scraper is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body, and the scraper is L-shaped as a whole.
[0015] Preferably, an ash guide knife is further provided on the outer side of the bottom of the furnace body, the inner end of the bottom of the ash scraper knife is inclined in the direction opposite to the ash basin, the ash guide knife is in the shape of a spiral plate, and the twisting direction of the ash guide knife plate is opposite to the rotation direction of the ash basin.
[0016] Preferably, the outer edge of the ash guide knife is inclined downward, and a water outlet is provided between the upper part and the top of the outer edge of the ash guide knife.
[0017] Preferably, the distance between the bottom of the scraper and the bottom of the ash basin is 50 mm-100 mm.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] The slag breaking mechanism of the tower water-cooled grate of the biomass gasifier is provided with a spiral slag breaking knife whose twisting direction is the same as the rotation direction of the ash basin, thereby ensuring that the lumps will not fall directly into the ash basin, and avoiding the formation of lumps stuck in the gap between the slag breaking knife and the wall of the furnace body and causing blockage due to the synchronous rotation of the slag breaking knife, thereby preventing the need to stop the machine for manual clearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural front view of the slag breaking mechanism of the tower type water-cooled grate used in the biomass gasification furnace;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the slag breaking mechanism of the tower water-cooled grate used in the biomass gasification furnace.
[0022] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. ash basin; 3. grate; 4. support ring; 5. slag breaking knife; 6. ash scraper; 7. ash guide knife; 8. water inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0024] See also Figure 1-2 The utility model provides the following technical solutions: a slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier, comprising a furnace body 1, an ash basin 2 rotating below the furnace body 1, a grate 3 arranged on the ash basin 2, and a support ring 4 between the grate 3 and the ash basin 2, characterized in that a plurality of slag breaking knives 5 distributed in an annular shape are arranged on the outer wall of the support ring 4, the slag breaking knives 5 are spiral-shaped and the twisting direction is the same as the rotation direction of the ash basin 2, and the height of the slag breaking knives 5 is not lower than the bottom of the furnace body 1.
[0025] As an optional implementation scheme of the present utility model, since some agglomerates may fall directly into the gap between the inner wall of the furnace body 1 and the grate 3, the existence of the slag breaking knife 5 itself prevents the agglomerates from falling directly into the ash basin 2. Furthermore, due to the rotation of the ash basin 2, the larger agglomerates between the support ring 4 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 are broken by the slag breaking knife 5. Since the twisting direction of the slag breaking knife 5 is opposite to the rotation direction of the ash basin 2, the agglomerates stuck between the slag breaking knife 5 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 can form vertical friction with the inner wall of the furnace body 1, which can promote the decomposition of the agglomerates.
[0026] Therefore, by using the spiral slag-breaking knife 5 with the same twisting direction as the rotation direction of the ash basin 2, it is ensured that the lumps will not fall directly into the ash basin 2, and it is avoided that the lumps are stuck in the gap between the slag-breaking knife 5 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 and the slag-breaking knife 5 rotates synchronously to cause blockage, thereby preventing the need to stop the machine for manual clearing.
[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer diameter of the slag breaking knife 5 decreases along with its rotation direction.
[0028] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, when the slag breaking knife 5 rotates, it can provide a continuously increasing extrusion force to the agglomerates stuck between the slag breaking knife 5 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1. Combined with the spiral structure of the slag breaking knife 5 itself, the process of decomposing the agglomerates is easier.
[0029] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the distance from the side edge of the slag breaking knife 5 to the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is 150 mm-200 mm.
[0030] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, since the size specifications of agglomerates are not consistent, the distance between the slag breaking knife 5 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 can make the slag breaking knife 5 adapt to most agglomerates, thereby improving the adaptability of the slag breaking mechanism.
[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the increase in the outer diameter of the slag breaking knife 5 is 5mm-20mm.
[0032] As an optional implementation scheme of the present invention, the increase in the outer diameter of the slag breaker knife 5 is the difference between the maximum outer diameter and the minimum outer diameter of the slag breaker knife 5. If the increase in the outer diameter of the slag breaker knife 5 is too small, it means that the outer diameter of the slag breaker knife 5 does not change much, so the applicability to different agglomerates is not good enough. If the change in the outer diameter of the slag breaker knife 5 is too large, it is easy for the agglomerates to be decomposed too quickly, so that the wear of the slag breaker knife 5 itself is large, resulting in insufficient service life. In addition, when encountering hard and large agglomerates, the tip strength of the slag breaker knife 5 is easy to be insufficient, resulting in "sharpening" on the slag breaker knife 5.
[0033] In summary, the slag breaking knife 5 in the present technical solution has both wide adaptability and long service life.
[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the thickness of the slag breaking knife 5 decreases along with its rotation direction.
[0035] As an optional implementation scheme of the present invention, the thickness of the slag breaking knife 5 is increased by increasing the outer diameter of the slag breaking knife 5, so that the blade strength of the slag breaking knife 5 is maintained, avoiding damage to the blade due to insufficient strength of the slag breaking knife 5 itself when the agglomerates are finally decomposed.
[0036] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the outer edge of the slag breaking knife 5 is inclined downward.
[0037] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, the downward inclination allows the agglomerates that fall directly on the upper surface of the slag breaking knife 5 to fall into the gap between the slag breaking knife 5 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 due to gravity, ensuring that small agglomerates can pass through smoothly and that larger agglomerates can be decomposed.
[0038] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a scraper 6 is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the scraper 6 is L-shaped as a whole.
[0039] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, the L-shaped scraper 6 can scrape off the ash, slag, lumps, etc. that fall to the bottom of the ash basin 2 when the ash basin 2 rotates, and send them to the outside of the bottom of the ash basin 2, so that the subsequent ash guide knife 7 can discharge all the above residues from the ash basin 2.
[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, an ash guide knife 7 is also provided on the outer side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the inner end of the bottom of the ash scraper 6 is inclined in the opposite direction to the ash basin 2. The ash guide knife 7 is in the shape of a spiral plate, and the twisting direction of the ash guide knife 7 is opposite to the rotation direction of the ash basin 2.
[0041] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, the ash guide knife 7 is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 1. When the ash basin 2 rotates, the ash guide knife 7 also scrapes the areas at the bottom of the ash basin 2 that the ash scraper 6 cannot reach. At the same time, all the residues at the bottom of the ash basin 2 are sent to the upper surface of the ash guide knife 7, and due to the accumulation of residues, the residues move up on the ash guide knife 7, and finally move out of the ash basin 2 from the upper end of the ash guide knife 7, so that all the residues are discharged from the ash basin 2.
[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer edge of the ash guide knife 7 is inclined downward, and a water inlet 8 is provided between the upper part and the top of the outer edge of the ash guide knife 7.
[0043] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, the ash guide knife 7 with a downwardly inclined outer edge can make the water driven onto the ash guide knife 7 naturally overflow to the water outlet 8 and flow back into the ash basin 2, avoiding the water in the ash basin 2 being carried out together.
[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the distance between the bottom of the scraper 6 and the bottom of the ash basin 2 is 50 mm-100 mm.
[0045] As an optional implementation scheme of the utility model, it can avoid the scraper 6 from directly contacting the bottom of the ash basin 2 to cause wear, and will not cause excessive residues to adhere to the bottom of the ash basin 2.
[0046] The working principle and use process of the utility model are as follows: some agglomerates fall into the gap between the inner wall of the furnace body 1 and the grate 3. The existence of the slag breaking knife 5 itself prevents the agglomerates from falling directly into the ash basin 2. Furthermore, due to the rotation of the ash basin 2, the larger agglomerates between the support ring 4 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 are broken by the slag breaking knife 5. Since the twisting direction of the slag breaking knife 5 is the same as the rotation direction of the ash basin 2, the agglomerates stuck between the slag breaking knife 5 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 can form a vertical friction force with the inner wall of the furnace body 1, which can promote the decomposition of the agglomerates.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier, comprising a furnace body, an ash basin rotating below the furnace body, a grate arranged on the ash basin, and a support ring between the grate and the ash basin, characterized in that: The outer wall of the support ring is provided with a plurality of slag breaking knives distributed in a ring shape. The slag breaking knives are spiral-shaped and the twisting direction is the same as the rotation direction of the ash basin. The height of the slag breaking knives is not lower than the bottom of the furnace body.
2. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the slag breaking knife decreases along with the rotation direction.
3. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the side edge of the slag breaking knife and the inner wall of the furnace body is 150mm-200mm.
4. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter increase of the slag breaking knife is 5mm-20mm.
5. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower type water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the slag breaking knife decreases along with its rotation direction.
6. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower type water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer edge of the slag breaking knife is inclined downward.
7. A slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A scraper is also provided on the inner side of the bottom of the furnace body, and the scraper is L-shaped as a whole.
8. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower type water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: An ash guide knife is also provided on the outer side of the bottom of the furnace body. The inner end of the bottom of the ash scraper is inclined in the opposite direction of the ash basin. The ash guide knife is in the shape of a spiral plate, and the twisting direction of the ash guide knife plate is opposite to the rotation direction of the ash basin.
9. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer edge of the ash guide knife is inclined downward, and a water outlet is arranged between the upper part and the top of the outer edge of the ash guide knife.
10. The slag breaking mechanism for a tower water-cooled grate of a biomass gasifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom of the scraper and the bottom of the ash basin is 50mm-100mm.