Photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system, which belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology and comprises a photovoltaic electric heating assembly, a power transmission unit connected with the photovoltaic electric heating assembly, a waste heat recovery unit, a heat exchange unit, a geographical heat storage unit and a heat dissipation unit, and the geographical heat storage unit and the heat dissipation unit are both connected with the heat exchange unit. The heat exchange unit is connected with the waste heat recovery unit, the waste heat recovery unit is connected with medium flow channels in the photovoltaic electric heating assembly, and the multiple medium flow channels are arranged in the photovoltaic electric heating assembly side by side. The waste heat recovery unit comprises a recovery circulating pipeline filled with anti-freezing liquid, and the recovery circulating pipeline is provided with a recovery circulating pump, a constant pressure tank and a liquid supplementing opening. According to the photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system with the structure, waste heat of the photovoltaic electric heating assembly is utilized, meanwhile, annual operation of the photovoltaic electric heating assembly is guaranteed, and the equipment utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic waste heat utilization, and in particular to a photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] Solar heating technology has been maturely applied in the field of building heating. Commonly used solar collectors include vacuum tube, flat-plate and concentrating collectors. When not in use during the non-heating season, the collectors need to be shielded to prevent aging of the absorption coating due to air exposure. Since the equipment is only used for heating in winter, the annual utilization rate of the equipment is insufficient and the economic benefits are low.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic heating modules typically dissipate heat through natural cooling. However, these modules experience thermal attenuation during power generation. Rising temperatures cause the photovoltaic cell voltage to decrease, increasing the resistance of the internal circuits, which in turn reduces output power. Consequently, power generation efficiency decreases with increasing temperature. Furthermore, rising temperatures can cause oxidation and corrosion of the module's internal circuitry, further shortening its lifespan.

[0004] In the prior art, waste heat generated by photovoltaic electric heating components is reused. For example, patent No. 201610740862.7 discloses a photovoltaic and thermal integrated circulation system for greenhouses, which recovers waste heat through water circulation. However, in cold seasons, freezing and cracking may occur, causing damage to the photovoltaic electric heating components. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic and thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides an integrated photovoltaic and thermal zero-carbon energy storage system, including a photovoltaic electric heating component and a power transmission unit connected to the photovoltaic electric heating component, and also including a waste heat recovery unit, a heat exchange unit, a geographical heat storage unit and a heat dissipation unit. The geographical heat storage unit and the heat dissipation unit are both connected to the heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit is connected to the waste heat recovery unit, and the waste heat recovery unit is connected to the medium flow channel in the photovoltaic electric heating component. Several medium flow channels are arranged in parallel in the photovoltaic electric heating component; the waste heat recovery unit includes a recovery circulation pipe filled with antifreeze, and the recovery circulation pipe is provided with a recovery circulation pump, a constant pressure tank and a liquid filling port.

[0007] Preferably, the photovoltaic and electric heating assembly includes tempered glass, solar cells, a substrate plate, a heat dissipation expansion plate, a heat preservation plate and a protective plate arranged in sequence, and a plurality of medium flow channels are arranged in parallel in the heat dissipation expansion plate.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-section of the medium flow channel is trapezoidal, square or hexagonal, and several medium flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The bottom of the photovoltaic and electric heating component is provided with a liquid inlet channel interface and a liquid outlet and liquid inlet interface connected to the medium flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange circulation pipeline, on which a heat exchange circulation pump, an electric three-way valve and a heat storage type heat exchanger are provided;

[0010] The two ends of the recovery circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the liquid inlet interface and the liquid outlet and inlet interfaces, and the heat exchange part of the recovery circulation pipeline is arranged in the heat storage type heat exchanger.

[0011] Preferably, the geographic heat storage unit includes a vertical U-shaped tube arranged in the detection well, the vertical U-shaped tube is connected to the horizontal main pipeline, the horizontal main pipeline is connected to the heat exchange circulation pipeline through the first manifold and the second manifold, and the electric three-way valve is connected to the first manifold.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation unit includes a heat dissipation circulation pipeline, on which a heat dissipation circulation pump, a radiator and a constant pressure water supply device are provided, and a ground source heat pump unit is provided between the heat dissipation circulation pipeline and the heat exchange circulation pipeline.

[0013] Therefore, the utility model adopts a photovoltaic and thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system with the above structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The waste heat generated by photovoltaic electric heating components when generating electricity can be used to provide heating for buildings. At the same time, the temperature of photovoltaic cells can be reduced, which can significantly improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0015] During the non-heating season, waste heat generated by the photovoltaic heating components is transferred to a geothermal storage unit and stored in the soil through heat exchange. This allows for cross-seasonal heat storage, leveraging the year-round constant underground soil temperature. This significantly improves the COP of the ground-source heat pump during the heating season, significantly enhancing the system's overall energy efficiency and ultimately achieving zero-carbon operation. Furthermore, a constant pressure tank and a refill port are installed in the recycling pipeline to prevent deformation or cracking of the photovoltaic cells due to thermal expansion and contraction of the medium flow path.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic and thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic electric heating component of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the photovoltaic electric heating component of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of point A of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic electric heating component of Example 2 of the present utility model.

[0022] Reference numerals

[0023] 1. Photovoltaic electric heating assembly; 101. Tempered glass; 102. EVA film; 103. Solar cell; 104. Substrate; 105. Heat dissipation expansion plate; 1051. Medium flow channel; 106. Insulation board; 107. Protective plate; 108. Frame; 109. Junction box; 110. Liquid inlet interface; 111. Liquid outlet interface.

[0024] 2. Power transmission unit; 21. Inverter; 22. Grid connection box; 23. Bidirectional electric meter;

[0025] 3. Waste heat recovery unit; 31. Recovery circulation pipeline; 32. Recovery circulation pump; 33. Constant pressure tank; 34. Fluid filling port;

[0026] 4. Heat exchange unit; 41. Heat exchange circulation pipeline; 42. Heat exchange circulation pump; 43. Electric three-way valve; 431. First port; 432. Second port; 433. Third port; 44. Thermal storage heat exchanger;

[0027] 5. Geographic heat storage unit; 51. Vertical U-shaped tube; 52. Horizontal main pipeline; 53. First manifold; 54. Second manifold; 55. Inspection well;

[0028] 6. Heat dissipation unit; 61. Heat dissipation circulation pipe; 62. Heat dissipation circulation pump; 63. Radiator; 64. Constant pressure water supply device; 7. Ground source heat pump unit; 71. Evaporator; 72. Condenser;

[0029] 8. Power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system includes a photovoltaic-thermal component 1, a power transmission unit 2, a waste heat recovery unit 3, a heat exchange unit 4, a geographical heat storage unit 5 and a heat dissipation unit 6.

[0036] The photovoltaic electric heating assembly 1 is connected to the power grid 8 via a power transmission unit 2 . The power transmission unit 2 includes an inverter 21 , a grid connection box and a bidirectional electric meter 23 arranged in sequence to realize the output of electric energy.

[0037] The photovoltaic and electric heating component 1 includes tempered glass 101, solar cells 103, substrate plate 104, heat dissipation expansion plate 105, insulation plate 106 and protective plate 107 arranged in sequence. EVA film 102 is provided between the tempered glass 101 and the solar cells 103, between the solar cells 103 and the substrate plate 104, and between the substrate plate 104 and the heat dissipation expansion plate 105, and a frame 108 is provided. A junction box 109 is provided on the protective plate 107.

[0038] Several media flow channels 1051 are arranged in parallel within the heat dissipation expansion plate 105. In this embodiment, the media flow channels 1051 have a hexagonal cross-section. These evenly spaced channels 1051 effectively absorb waste heat from the photovoltaic electric heating assembly 1 without causing deformation or cracking of the photovoltaic cells due to thermal expansion and contraction. In this embodiment, the media flow channels 1051 are connected in series using connecting pipes, with the first media flow channel 1051 connected to the liquid inlet port 110 and the last media flow channel 1051 connected to the liquid outlet port 111.

[0039] The waste heat recovery unit 3 includes a recovery circulation pipe 31 filled with antifreeze. The circulating medium is antifreeze, which has good antifreeze and heat resistance and strong weather resistance. The liquid inlet flow channel interface 110 and the liquid outlet and inlet interfaces of multiple photovoltaic electric heating components 1 are connected to the recovery circulation pipe 31 to realize the waste heat recovery of multiple photovoltaic electric heating components 1. The recovery circulation pipe 31 is provided with a recovery circulation pump 32, a constant pressure tank 33 and a liquid replenishment port 34. The liquid replenishment port 34 and the constant pressure tank 33 play the role of replenishing the medium and buffering the thermal expansion and contraction of the medium in the pipeline, further preventing the deformation of the medium flow channel 1051 due to thermal expansion and contraction, which may cause hidden cracks in the battery cell.

[0040] The geographic heat storage unit 5 and the heat dissipation unit 6 are both connected to the heat exchange unit 4. The heat exchange unit 4 includes a heat exchange circulation pipeline 41, which is equipped with a heat exchange circulation pump 42, an electric three-way valve 43, and a thermal storage heat exchanger 44. The heat exchange portion of the recovery circulation pipeline 31 is located within the thermal storage heat exchanger 44. The first port 431 of the electric three-way valve 43 is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange circulation pump 42, the second port 432 of the electric three-way valve 43 is connected to the inlet of the first manifold 53, and the third port 433 of the electric three-way valve 43 is connected to the heat exchange circulation pipeline 41. The electric three-way valve 43 is automatically controlled by controller instructions and can switch from connecting the first port 431 with the second port 432 to connecting the first port 431 with the third port 433 as needed.

[0041] The geographic heat storage unit 5 includes a vertical U-shaped tube 51 arranged in the inspection well. The vertical U-shaped tube 51 is connected to the horizontal main pipe 52. The horizontal main pipe 52 is connected to the heat exchange circulation pipe 41 through the first sub-manifold 53 and the second sub-manifold 54. The multiple vertical U-shaped tubes 51 are double-U-structured polyethylene tubes with an outer diameter of 32 mm arranged in parallel at the same distance. The vertical U-shaped tubes 51 are vertically buried more than 100 meters below the permafrost layer. The horizontal main pipe 52 is a polyethylene tube or a seamless steel pipe. The horizontal main pipe 52 is connected to the vertical U-shaped tube 51 through a tee. The inlet and return pipes of the horizontal main pipe 52 are connected to the inlet and return ports of the vertical U-shaped tube 51. Multiple first sub-manifolds 53 and second sub-manifolds 54 are arranged inside the inspection well 55. The function of the inspection well 55 is to inspect and repair the pipeline.

[0042] The heat dissipation unit 6 includes a heat dissipation circulation pipe 61 , on which a heat dissipation circulation pump 62 , a radiator 63 and a constant pressure water supply device 64 are provided. A ground source heat pump unit 7 is provided between the heat dissipation circulation pipe 61 and the heat exchange circulation pipe 41 .

[0043] The specific tasks are as follows:

[0044] During the heating season, the DC power generated by the photovoltaic heating assembly 1 is converted to AC power via the inverter 21 and transmitted to the power grid 8 via the AC line's grid-connected box and bidirectional electricity meter 23. The waste heat generated by the photovoltaic heating assembly 1 first heats the circulating medium (antifreeze) in the medium flow channel 1051 of the heat dissipation expansion plate 105. The recovery circulation pump 32 circulates the low-temperature antifreeze to the connected multiple photovoltaic heating assemblies 1. After the waste heat from photovoltaic power generation is absorbed by the heat dissipation expansion plate 105, it is circulated back to the thermal storage heat exchanger 44 through the recovery circulation pipe 31. The stainless steel heat exchange coil built into the thermal storage heat exchanger 44 heats the water in the thermal storage heat exchanger 44, performing primary energy storage.

[0045] The heat exchange circulation pump 42 switches the mode of the hot water in the heat storage heat exchanger 44 through the electric three-way valve 43, connecting the first port 431 with the third port 433, and thus transporting it to the evaporator 71 side of the ground source heat pump unit 7. The ground source heat pump unit 7 absorbs heat and transfers the heat to the condenser 72 side through the reverse Carnot cycle, and heats the water in the heat dissipation circulation pipe 61. The heat dissipation circulation pump 62 transports the heated high-temperature hot water to the radiator 63. Through the heating of the radiator 63, the function of heating the building is realized.

[0046] When the heat storage heat exchanger 44 is insufficiently stored, the electric three-way valve 43 switches mode, connecting the first port 431 and the second port 432. The heat exchange circulation pump 42 delivers low-temperature water to the first manifold 53. The first manifold 53 is connected to the horizontal main pipeline 52 of the buried energy storage unit. A plurality of vertical U-shaped tubes 51 are arranged in parallel and connected to the horizontal main pipeline 52. The plurality of vertical U-shaped tubes 51 exchange heat with the deep soil, extracting heat from the soil. After heating, the heat is combined through the second manifold 54 and finally delivered to the evaporator 71 side of the ground source heat pump unit 7. The ground source heat pump unit 7 absorbs the heat and transfers the heat to the condenser 72 side through the reverse Carnot cycle, heating the circulating medium (water) in the heat dissipation circulation path and the water in the heat dissipation circulation pipeline 61. The heat dissipation circulation pump 62 delivers the heated high-temperature hot water to the radiator 63. The heating of the radiator 63 realizes the function of heating the building.

[0047] 2. In the non-heating season, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic electric heating component 1 is used to heat the circulating medium antifreeze in the medium flow channel 1051. The recovery circulation pump 32 circulates the low-temperature antifreeze to multiple photovoltaic electric heating components 1. After the photovoltaic power generation waste heat is absorbed by the heat dissipation blowing plate 105, it is circulated back to the heat storage type heat exchanger 44 through the recovery circulation pipe 31, and the water in the heat storage type heat exchanger 44 cavity is heated by the stainless steel heat exchange coil built into the heat storage type heat exchanger 44 to perform primary energy storage.

[0048] By switching the mode of the electric three-way valve 43, the first port 431 is connected to the second port 432, and the heat exchange circulation pump 42 transports high-temperature water to the first manifold 53. The first manifold 53 is connected to the horizontal main pipeline 52. Multiple vertical U-shaped tubes 51 are arranged in parallel and connected to the horizontal main pipeline 52. Heat is released by the multiple vertical U-shaped tubes 51 to heat the deep soil and store energy, thereby realizing secondary energy storage.

[0049] Since the photovoltaic electric heating component 1 can generate electricity all year round, especially in the non-heating season, the waste heat generated by power generation is relatively large. Through the setting of the above-mentioned mechanism, the temperature of the photovoltaic electric heating component 1 can be significantly reduced in the non-heating season, greatly improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, photovoltaic waste heat is used for soil source cross-seasonal energy storage in the non-heating season, further improving the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system heating in the heating season.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cross section of the medium flow channel 1051 is trapezoidal, and several medium flow channels 1051 are connected in parallel.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system, comprising a photovoltaic-electric-thermal component and a power transmission unit connected to the photovoltaic-electric-thermal component, characterized in that: It also includes a waste heat recovery unit, a heat exchange unit, a geographical heat storage unit and a heat dissipation unit. The geographical heat storage unit and the heat dissipation unit are both connected to the heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit is connected to the waste heat recovery unit, and the waste heat recovery unit is connected to the medium flow channel in the photovoltaic electric heating component. Several medium flow channels are arranged in parallel in the photovoltaic electric heating component; the waste heat recovery unit includes a recovery circulation pipeline filled with antifreeze, and the recovery circulation pipeline is provided with a recovery circulation pump, a constant pressure tank and a liquid replenishment port.

2. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic electric heating component comprises tempered glass, solar cell sheets, substrate plates, heat dissipation blowing plates, heat preservation plates and protective plates which are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of medium flow channels are arranged in parallel in the heat dissipation blowing plates.

3. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the medium flow channel is trapezoidal, square or hexagonal, and several medium flow channels are connected in series or in parallel. The bottom of the photovoltaic electric heating component is provided with a liquid inlet flow channel interface and a liquid outlet and liquid inlet interface connected to the medium flow channel.

4. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange circulation pipeline, on which a heat exchange circulation pump, an electric three-way valve and a heat storage type heat exchanger are arranged; The two ends of the recovery circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the liquid inlet flow channel interface and the liquid outlet and liquid inlet interface, and the heat exchange part of the recovery circulation pipeline is arranged in the heat storage type heat exchanger.

5. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The geographic heat storage unit includes a vertical U-shaped tube arranged in the detection well, the vertical U-shaped tube is connected to the horizontal main pipeline, the horizontal main pipeline is connected to the heat exchange circulation pipeline through the first manifold and the second manifold, and the electric three-way valve is connected to the first manifold.

6. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated zero-carbon energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat dissipation unit comprises a heat dissipation circulation pipeline, on which a heat dissipation circulation pump, a radiator and a constant pressure water replenishment device are arranged, and a ground source heat pump unit is arranged between the heat dissipation circulation pipeline and the heat exchange circulation pipeline.

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