Turning tool adjusting structure and lathe
The turning tool adjustment structure with X, Y, and Z-axis units and guide structures addresses the precision issue, achieving 0.0005mm accuracy for ultra-precision machining on vertical lathes, enhancing processing quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323382829.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing turning tool structures on ultra-precision vertical lathes lack the precision adjustment accuracy required for ultra-precision machining, leading to scrapping of machined parts.
A turning tool adjustment structure utilizing X, Y, and Z-axis adjustment units with bolts and springs, combined with guide structures, to achieve fine adjustments, improving feed accuracy and processing quality.
The solution enhances adjustment precision to 0.0005mm, 10 times higher than previous systems, ensuring precise tool positioning and improved part processing accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN222242683U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of turning devices, in particular to a turning tool adjustment structure and a lathe. Background Art
[0002] On an ultra-precision vertical lathe, when turning disc-type parts, the tool tip position must coincide with the rotary table surface.
[0003] The existing turning tool driving adopts the structure of motor, turning tool seat and slide plate. The turning tool is fixed on the turning tool seat by locking screws, and the turning tool seat is fixed on the slide plate; the slide plate is driven by a servo motor for radial and axial feeding.
[0004] However, with the existing structure, the feed adjustment accuracy is about 0.005-0.010 mm, which cannot meet the precision adjustment requirements of ultra-precision machining, resulting in the scrapping of machined parts. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a turning tool adjustment structure and a lathe, which can achieve fine adjustment of the turning tool installation accuracy, improve the feed adjustment accuracy, and improve the processing quality.
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0007] The first aspect of the utility model provides a turning tool adjustment structure, comprising:
[0008] An X-axis adjustment unit, the X-axis adjustment unit comprising a support, a first slide plate disposed on the support, a first bolt and a first spring; the first bolt is connected to the support and the first slide plate at the same time, and the first spring is disposed between the support and the first slide plate;
[0009] A Y-axis adjustment unit, the Y-axis adjustment unit comprising a second slide plate, a second bolt and a second spring placed on the first slide plate; the second bolt is connected to the first slide plate and the second slide plate at the same time, and the second spring is placed between the first slide plate and the second slide plate, and the second bolt is perpendicular to the first bolt;
[0010] A Z-axis adjustment unit, the Z-axis adjustment unit includes a turning tool, a third bolt and a third spring, the third bolt is connected to the second slide plate and the turning tool at the same time and the third spring is placed between the second slide plate and the turning tool, and the third bolt is perpendicular to the first bolt and the second bolt at the same time.
[0011] In a possible design, a guide structure for limiting the movement of the first slide plate is provided on the support.
[0012] In a possible design, the guide structure is a guide rail, and the first slide plate is placed on the guide rail.
[0013] In a possible design, the guide structure is a guide groove, and the first slide plate is placed in the guide groove.
[0014] In a possible design, the first spring sleeve is arranged outside the first bolt; and / or,
[0015] The second spring is sleeved outside the second bolt; and / or,
[0016] The third spring is sleeved outside the third bolt.
[0017] In a possible design, the pitch of the connection end between the first bolt and the support is greater than the pitch of the connection end between the first bolt and the first slide plate; and / or,
[0018] The thread pitch of the connecting end of the second bolt and the first slide plate is greater than the thread pitch of the connecting end of the second bolt and the second slide plate; and / or,
[0019] The thread pitch of the connection end of the third bolt and the second slide plate is greater than the thread pitch of the connection end of the third bolt and the turning tool.
[0020] The second aspect of the utility model discloses a lathe, comprising:
[0021] Rotary table;
[0022] A turning tool adjustment structure as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof;
[0023] A drive motor is used to drive the support.
[0024] The utility model has the following advantages:
[0025] This solution uses bolts and springs to achieve fine adjustment of the turning tool in the three directions of X, Y, and Z, which greatly improves the adjustment accuracy of the turning tool feed and improves the processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0027] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the turning tool adjustment structure of the utility model, which includes an X-direction adjustment unit, a Y-direction adjustment unit and a Z-direction adjustment unit;
[0028] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the turning tool adjustment structure of the utility model, which includes an X-axis adjustment unit and a Y-axis adjustment unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.
[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the positions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] The first aspect of the utility model provides a turning tool adjustment structure, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it includes an X-axis adjustment unit, a Y-axis adjustment unit and a Z-axis adjustment unit. The adjustment surfaces of the X-axis adjustment unit and the Y-axis adjustment unit are on the same horizontal plane and their directions are perpendicular to each other; the adjustment surface of the Z-axis adjustment unit is perpendicular to the adjustment surfaces of the X-axis adjustment unit and the Y-axis adjustment unit, and the three realize adjustment in three directions.
[0036] The X-direction adjustment unit includes a support 11, a first slide plate 12 placed on the support, a first bolt 13 and a first spring 14; the first bolt 13 is connected to the support 11 and the first slide plate 12 at the same time, and the first spring is placed between the support 11 and the first slide plate 12. With the above structure, the first slide plate can be driven by adjusting the first bolt to achieve X-direction adjustment. The first spring is placed between the support and the first slide plate, and the spring's force on the two is used to eliminate the gap caused by the thread and achieve precise adjustment.
[0037] The Y-axis adjustment unit includes a second slide plate 21, a second bolt 22 and a second spring 23 placed on the first slide plate 12; the second bolt 22 is connected to the first slide plate 12 and the second slide plate 21 at the same time, and the second spring is placed between the first slide plate and the second slide plate, and the second bolt is perpendicular to the first bolt. With the above structure, the second slide plate can be driven by adjusting the second bolt to achieve Y-axis adjustment. The second spring is placed between the first slide plate 12 and the second slide plate 21, and the spring's force on the two is used to eliminate the gap caused by the thread, so as to achieve precise adjustment.
[0038] The Z-direction adjustment unit includes a turning tool 31, a third bolt 32 and a third spring 33. The third bolt 32 is connected to both the second slide 21 and the turning tool 31 and the third spring 33 is placed between the second slide 21 and the turning tool 31. The third bolt is perpendicular to both the first bolt and the second bolt. With the above structure, the turning tool 31 can be driven by adjusting the second bolt to achieve Z-direction adjustment. The third spring is placed between the second slide 21 and the turning tool 31. The spring acts on both to eliminate the gap caused by the thread and achieve precise adjustment.
[0039] The above structure can not only realize the precision micro-adjustment of the turning tool in multiple directions, but also adopts bolts for adjustment, and has high adjustment precision.
[0040] In order to improve the stability of the adjustment during fine adjustment, on the basis of the above structure, a guide structure can be provided on the support, the first slide plate and the second slide plate. Specifically, the guide structure can be implemented in a variety of ways, such as using a guide rail or a guide groove structure.
[0041] When the support is provided with a guide rail, the first slide plate is placed on the guide rail, the guide rail realizes the movement and guidance of the first slide plate, and the guide rail is arranged parallel to the first bolt. The guide rail structure can adopt the existing conventional guide rail structure, which will not be described in detail here.
[0042] When the guide groove is provided on the support, the first slide plate is placed in the guide groove. Figure 1 The second slide plate 21 and the first slide plate 12 are arranged.
[0043] The above structure can not only realize guiding, but also realize limiting, so as to prevent the first slide plate, the second slide plate and the turning tool from rotating when the bolt is fine-tuned.
[0044] The guide structure between the first slide plate and the second slide plate, and between the second slide plate and the turning tool refers to the structure between the support and the first slide plate, and will not be described in detail here.
[0045] Adding a pressure spring between the fixed part and the movable part to apply preload can eliminate the reverse clearance during fine-tuning and improve the fine-tuning accuracy. The two ends of the spring can be directly fixedly connected between the support and the first slide, between the first slide and the second slide, or between the second slide and the turning tool. For easy installation, a sleeve installation method can also be adopted, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the first spring is sleeved outside the first bolt; the second spring is sleeved outside the second bolt; and the third spring is sleeved outside the third bolt.
[0046] In order to further improve the precision of fine adjustment, the pitch of the connection end between the first bolt and the support is greater than the pitch of the connection end between the first bolt and the first slide; and / or, the pitch of the connection end between the second bolt and the first slide is greater than the pitch of the connection end between the second bolt and the second slide; and / or, the pitch of the connection end between the third bolt and the second slide is greater than the pitch of the connection end between the third bolt and the turning tool. The thread direction of the connection end between the first bolt and the support is the same as the thread direction of the connection end between the first bolt and the first slide, the thread direction of the connection end between the second bolt and the first slide is the same as the thread direction of the connection end between the second bolt and the second slide, and the thread direction of the connection end between the third bolt and the second slide is the same as the thread direction of the connection end between the third bolt and the turning tool.
[0047] Exemplary:
[0048] For the first bolt, the thread of the connection end with the first slide is M6×0.5, and the thread of the connection end with the support is M6×0.75. When the first bolt rotates clockwise for one circle, the screw moves 0.75mm to the right relative to the support; at this time, since the first slide cannot rotate, it can only move 0.5mm to the left with relative displacement, so the first slide moves 0.75-0.5=0.25mm to the left relative to the support. When the first bolt rotates counterclockwise for one circle, the first slide moves 0.25mm to the right relative to the support.
[0049] The structures of the second bolt and the third bolt are the same as that of the first bolt.
[0050] In this regard, the above structure can achieve fine adjustment of the turning tool in the three directions of X, Y and Z, and the fine adjustment accuracy is 0.25 / 360=0.0007mm / degree. Compared with the tool setting accuracy of the handwheel-operated servo axis, the accuracy has been improved from the original 0.005mm to 0.0005mm, which is 10 times higher than the tool setting accuracy, thus improving the part processing accuracy.
[0051] The second aspect of the utility model discloses a lathe, comprising a rotary worktable, a turning tool adjustment structure described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof, and a driving motor for driving the support.
[0052] The drive motor and the rotary table can be set up using existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The drive motor realizes the adjustment and control of the turning tool position, and the turning tool adjustment structure further realizes manual fine adjustment of the position, so that the tool tip coincides with the center of the rotary table, meeting the processing requirements.
[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A turning tool adjustment structure, characterized in that: include: An X-axis adjustment unit, the X-axis adjustment unit comprising a support, a first slide plate disposed on the support, a first bolt and a first spring; the first bolt is connected to the support and the first slide plate at the same time, and the first spring is disposed between the support and the first slide plate; A Y-axis adjustment unit, the Y-axis adjustment unit comprising a second slide plate, a second bolt and a second spring placed on the first slide plate; the second bolt is connected to the first slide plate and the second slide plate at the same time, and the second spring is placed between the first slide plate and the second slide plate, and the second bolt is perpendicular to the first bolt; A Z-axis adjustment unit, the Z-axis adjustment unit includes a turning tool, a third bolt and a third spring, the third bolt is connected to the second slide plate and the turning tool at the same time and the third spring is placed between the second slide plate and the turning tool, and the third bolt is perpendicular to the first bolt and the second bolt at the same time.
2. A turning tool adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support is provided with a guide structure for limiting the movement of the first slide plate.
3. A turning tool adjustment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide structure is a guide rail, and the first slide plate is placed on the guide rail.
4. The turning tool adjustment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide structure is a guide groove, and the first slide plate is placed in the guide groove.
5. The turning tool adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spring sleeve is arranged outside the first bolt; and / or, The second spring is sleeved outside the second bolt; and / or, The third spring is sleeved outside the third bolt.
6. The turning tool adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread pitch of the connection end between the first bolt and the support is greater than the thread pitch of the connection end between the first bolt and the first slide plate; and / or, The thread pitch of the connecting end of the second bolt and the first slide plate is greater than the thread pitch of the connecting end of the second bolt and the second slide plate; and / or, The thread pitch of the connection end of the third bolt and the second slide plate is greater than the thread pitch of the connection end of the third bolt and the turning tool.
7. A lathe, characterized in that: include: Rotary table; A turning tool adjustment structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; A drive motor is used to drive the support.