Air intake and exhaust system and loader

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air intake and exhaust system and a loader. The air intake and exhaust system comprises a prefilter, a main air filter, an engine supercharger and a dust exhaust injection device, a dust discharge port is formed in the side surface of the prefilter; the main air filter is connected with the prefilter; one port of the engine supercharger is communicated with the main air filter through an air inlet pipeline, and the other port of the engine supercharger is communicated with the silencer through an exhaust pipeline; the dust exhaust injection device comprises an injection pipe communicated with the silencer and a guide pipe used for communicating the injection pipe with a dust exhaust port of the prefilter, and after waste gas exhausted by an engine passes through the injection pipe to generate negative pressure, dirty air with dust generated by the centrifugal effect of the prefilter is exhausted from the injection pipe. The maintenance period of the air filter element is prolonged, the dynamic property of the engine is improved, and the later use cost of the loader is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an air intake and exhaust system, belonging to the technical field of loaders. Background Art

[0002] Loaders usually use two-stage filtration for air intake, one centrifugal pre-filter and one paper main filter, to ensure clean and dry air enters the engine. However, loaders, especially large loaders, are often used in harsh working conditions such as high dust and high temperature, which will greatly shorten the replacement cycle of the air filter and increase the subsequent maintenance costs. If the filter is not replaced in time, dirty air will enter the engine cylinder, affecting the service life of the engine. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides an intake and exhaust system, which utilizes the high-pressure and high-speed exhaust gas discharged by the engine to promptly take away the dirty air of the air pre-filter, thereby improving the filtering effect of the air filter, extending the maintenance cycle of the air filter element, improving the power of the engine, and reducing the later use cost of the loader.

[0004] The utility model is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model provides an intake and exhaust system, comprising:

[0006] A pre-filter, the side of which is provided with a dust discharge port;

[0007] A main air filter connected to the pre-filter;

[0008] An engine supercharger, one port of which is connected to the main air filter shown through an intake pipe, and the other port of which is connected to the muffler through an exhaust pipe;

[0009] The dust exhaust ejection device comprises an ejection pipe connected to the muffler and a guide pipe for connecting the ejection pipe with the dust exhaust port of the pre-filter. After the exhaust gas discharged from the engine passes through the ejection pipe to generate negative pressure, the dirty air with dust generated by the centrifugal action of the pre-filter is discharged from the ejection pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ejector pipe is mainly composed of a tail pipe, an outer cover, a mounting pipe connected from top to bottom, a diffusion chamber, a mixing chamber, an intake chamber located inside the outer cover and connected from top to bottom, and an air pipe connected to the outer cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plurality of axial elongated holes are spaced apart on the bottom circumference of the mounting tube, and the mounting tube is sleeved on the outlet of the muffler at one end with the elongated holes, and is fastened to the muffler by a clamp.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tail pipe and the outer cover form an angle of 130 degrees, and the top air outlet port of the tail pipe is a bevel port.

[0013] In some embodiments, the suction chamber as a whole is a constricted structure with a large inlet and a small outlet, the diffusion chamber as a whole is an open structure with a small inlet and a large outlet, and the mixing chamber as a whole is a straight circular tube structure; the outlet of the air pipe is located in the mixing chamber, and the inlet of the air pipe is fixed together with the guide tube by a clamp.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least one reinforcing rib is welded between the outer cover and the air pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, the guide tube comprises:

[0016] A first steel pipe, one end of which is connected to the dust outlet of the pre-filter through a hose and a clamp;

[0017] A one-way valve, one port of which is connected to the other port of the first steel pipe through a hose and a clamp;

[0018] One end of the second steel pipe is connected to the other end of the one-way valve through a hose and a clamp, and the other end of the second steel pipe is connected to the ejection pipe of the dust ejection device through a hose and a clamp.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first steel pipe and the second steel pipe are both fixed to a steel pipe bracket mounted on a mounting plate by means of a U-shaped clip.

[0020] In some embodiments, the number of the pre-filters is two, the first steel pipe is a three-way steel pipe; and the second steel pipe is a bent steel pipe that has been bent multiple times.

[0021] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a loader equipped with the above-mentioned air intake and exhaust system.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0023] The dirty air passing through the dust outlets of the two pre-filters is combined through a three-way steel pipe; and the combined dirty air is forced to be discharged by using the negative pressure generated by the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the engine through the ejector pipe. The best ejector effect is achieved by optimizing the inlet and outlet diameters of the suction chamber and the diffusion chamber, the length of the suction chamber, the mixing chamber, the diffusion chamber, the height of the air pipe into the mixing chamber and other parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0025] In the attached picture:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intake and exhaust system of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust exhaust and ejection device of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ejector of the utility model.

[0029] Figures and symbols: 1. Pre-filter; 2. Dust ejection device; 3. Main air filter; 4. Intake pipe; 5. Engine supercharger; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Muffler;

[0030] 2-1. Left special-shaped hose; 2-2. Left clamp; 2-3 Three-way steel pipe; 2-4. Left U-shaped clamp; 2-5. Left steel pipe bracket; 2-6. One-way valve; 2-7. Straight hose; 2-8. U-shaped clamp I; 2-9. Steel pipe bracket I; 2-10. Ejector pipe; 2-11. Clamp; 2-12. Steel pipe bracket II; 2-13. U-shaped clamp II; 2-14. Steel pipe; 2-15. Hose V; 2-16. Clamp V; 2-17. Clamp; 2-18. Right special-shaped hose; 2-19. Right clamp; 2-20. Right steel pipe bracket; 2-21. Right U-shaped clamp;

[0031] 10-1. Tail pipe; 10-2. Outer cover; 10-3. Diffusion chamber; 10-4. Mixing chamber; 10-5. Intake chamber; 10-6. Reinforcement ribs; 10-7. Air pipe; 10-8. Mounting pipe.

[0032] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an air intake and exhaust system includes a pre-filter 1, a dust exhaust ejection device 2, a main air filter 3, an air intake pipeline 4, an engine supercharger 5, an exhaust pipeline 6, a mounting plate 7, and a muffler 8. The pre-filter 1 is two centrifugal pre-filters, and a dust exhaust port is left on the side thereof to connect with the dust exhaust ejection device 2. Most of the air after passing through the pre-filter 1 enters the main air filter 3, and the main air filter 3 is connected to the engine supercharger 5 through the air intake pipeline 4, and the engine supercharger 5 is connected to the muffler 8 through the exhaust pipeline 6; the two pre-filters 1, the dust exhaust ejection device 2, and the muffler 8 are all fixed on the same mounting plate 7 by bolt connection.

[0037] For further solutions, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, there is a corrugated section in the middle of the exhaust pipe 6, which has a certain amount of expansion and contraction, can withstand vibration and deformation within a certain range, and can avoid cracking of the exhaust pipe to a limited extent, thereby extending its service life.

[0038] The above-mentioned dust exhaust and ejection device is further described below.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the dust exhaust ejection device 2 discharges the dirty air with dust generated by the centrifugal action of the two pre-filters 1 from the dust exhaust port of the pre-filter 1 through the three-way steel pipe 2-3, the one-way valve 2-6, the steel pipe 2-14, and the ejection pipe 2-10; the three-way steel pipe 2-3 is connected and fastened with the left and right pre-filters 1 through the left special-shaped rubber hose 2-1, the right special-shaped rubber hose 2-18, the left clamp 2-2, and the right clamp 2-19, and the outlet of the three-way steel pipe 2-3 is connected with the one-way valve 2-6 through the straight rubber hose 2-7 and the clamp 2-17; the one-way valve is connected with the steel pipe 2-14 through the straight rubber hose 2-7 and the clamp 2-17; the steel pipe 2-14 is connected with the ejection pipe 2-10 through the rubber hose V2-15 and the clamp V2-16;

[0040] For further solutions, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the three-way steel pipe 2-3 is fixed on the mounting plate 7 by the left U-shaped clamp 2-4, the left steel pipe bracket 2-5, the right U-shaped clamp 2-21, and the right steel pipe bracket 2-20; the steel pipe 2-14 is fixed on the mounting plate 7 by the U-shaped clamp I2-8, the steel pipe bracket I2-9, the U-shaped clamp II2-13, and the steel pipe bracket II2-12.

[0041] The above-mentioned ejector tube is further described below.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the ejector tube 2-10 is composed of a tail pipe 10-1, an outer cover 10-2, a diffusion chamber 10-3, a mixing chamber 10-4, an intake chamber 10-5, a reinforcing rib 10-6, an air pipe 10-7, and a mounting tube 10-8.

[0043] For further solutions, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the mounting tube 10-8 of the ejector 2-10 has a plurality of long holes at the bottom, which is inserted into the outer diameter of the outlet pipe of the muffler 8 and is locked by the clamp 2-11, thus having good sealing performance.

[0044] For further solutions, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the tail pipe 10 - 1 and the outer cover 10 - 2 form an angle of 130°, and the top air outlet port of the tail pipe 10 - 1 is a bevel port, which ensures smooth exhaust and has good rain protection.

[0045] For further solutions, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, reinforcing ribs 10-6 are welded between the outer cover 10-2 and the air pipe 10-7.

[0046] For further solutions, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the suction chamber 10-5 is a contracted structure with a large inlet and a small outlet, the diffusion chamber 10-3 is an open structure with a small inlet and a large outlet, and the mixing chamber 10-4 is a straight circular tube structure.

[0047] When the engine is running normally, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged by the engine enters the suction chamber 10-5 of the ejector tube 2-10. Due to its large inlet and small outlet, the exhaust gas is depressurized and accelerated in the suction chamber 10-5, forming a certain negative pressure in the mixing chamber 10-4 and the suction chamber 10-5. The dirty air is sucked into the mixing chamber 10-4 through the air pipe 10-7 under the shearing effect of the exhaust gas, and forms a mixed gas with the exhaust gas. The diffusion chamber 10-3 has a small inlet and a large outlet. The mixed gas is decelerated and pressurized in the chamber, forming a certain back pressure, and is discharged through the tail pipe 10-1.

[0048] The height L of the trachea 10-7 inserted into the suction chamber 10-5 is ≤ 0.5*D1 (D1 refers to the outer diameter of the trachea 10-7), ensuring that the dirty air is smoothly ejected within the negative pressure range.

[0049] The utility model also provides a loader, which is equipped with the above-mentioned air intake and exhaust system.

[0050] In summary, the dust exhaust ejection device in the utility model can discharge dirty air with dust from the dust exhaust port of the pre-filter through the three-way steel pipe, the one-way valve, and the steel pipe, and then through the ejection pipe; by optimizing the parameters such as the inlet and outlet diameters of the suction chamber and the diffusion chamber of the ejection pipe, the suction chamber, the mixing chamber, the diffusion chamber length, and the height of the air pipe into the mixing chamber, the optimal ejection effect is achieved, the maintenance cycle of the air filter element is extended, the power of the engine is improved, and the later use cost of the loader is reduced.

[0051] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0052] In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments also means being within the scope of protection of the present utility model and forming different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use them in combination according to the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by the present application.

[0053] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form. Although the utility model has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the utility model. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modify the technical content suggested above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the utility model still falls within the scope of the solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. An intake and exhaust system, characterized in that: include: A pre-filter, the side of which is provided with a dust discharge port; A main air filter connected to the pre-filter; An engine supercharger, one port of which is connected to the main air filter shown through an intake pipe, and the other port of which is connected to the muffler through an exhaust pipe; The dust exhaust ejection device comprises an ejection pipe connected to the muffler and a guide pipe for connecting the ejection pipe with the dust exhaust port of the pre-filter. After the exhaust gas discharged from the engine passes through the ejection pipe to generate negative pressure, the dirty air with dust generated by the centrifugal action of the pre-filter is discharged from the ejection pipe.

2. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector pipe is mainly composed of a tail pipe, an outer cover, a mounting pipe connected from top to bottom, a diffusion chamber, a mixing chamber, an inlet chamber located inside the outer cover and connected from top to bottom, and an air pipe connected to the outer cover.

3. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of axial long holes are spaced apart on the bottom circumference of the mounting tube. The mounting tube is sleeved on the outlet of the muffler at one end with the long holes, and is fastened to the muffler by a clamp.

4. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tail pipe and the outer cover form an angle of 130 degrees, and the top air outlet port of the tail pipe is a bevel port.

5. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suction chamber as a whole is a constricted structure with a large inlet and a small outlet, the diffusion chamber as a whole is an open structure with a small inlet and a large outlet, and the mixing chamber as a whole is a straight circular tube structure; The outlet of the air pipe is located in the mixing chamber, and the inlet of the air pipe is fixed together with the guide pipe through a clamp.

6. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one reinforcing rib is welded between the outer cover and the air pipe.

7. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide tube comprises: A first steel pipe, one end of which is connected to the dust outlet of the pre-filter through a hose and a clamp; A one-way valve, one port of which is connected to the other port of the first steel pipe through a hose and a clamp; One end of the second steel pipe is connected to the other end of the one-way valve through a hose and a clamp, and the other end of the second steel pipe is connected to the ejection pipe of the dust ejection device through a hose and a clamp.

8. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first steel pipe and the second steel pipe are both fixed to a steel pipe bracket installed on the mounting plate through a U-shaped clip.

9. An intake and exhaust system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the pre-filters is two, the first steel pipe is a three-way steel pipe, and the second steel pipe is a bent steel pipe that has been bent multiple times.

10. A loader, characterized in that: An intake and exhaust system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is installed.

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