Comprehensive loading test bench for tractor and automobile
By designing the switching device on the integrated loading test bench to adjust the wiring method of the drum motor, switching between low-speed and high-speed and small torque is achieved, solving the problem that the existing test bench cannot meet the tractor and automobile testing requirements at the same time, and realizing resources efficient use and accuracy of test results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420071139.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing integrated loading test bench cannot meet the test requirements of tractors and cars at the same time, because the tractor needs to be tested with low speed and high torque when loading, while the car needs to be tested with high speed and low torque when loading, resulting in waste of resources.
A comprehensive loading test bench including four independently controlled drum motors was designed. The wiring methods of multiple disc synchronous motors in the drum were adjusted through the switching device to realize two types of drum motors at low speed, large torque and small torque at high speed. Switching the working mode to adapt to the test needs of different vehicles.
The tractor and car tests are carried out simultaneously on a test bench, avoiding waste of resources, ensuring the smooth progress of the test and the accuracy of the results.
Smart Images
Figure CN222280144U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and automobile testing, and in particular relates to a comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles. Background Art
[0002] After the development or partial transformation of tractors and cars, comprehensive loading tests are required to verify the performance of the developed or transformed new generation of tractors and cars. The commonly used loading test method is the chassis dynamometer, which is to install the tractor and car on the chassis dynamometer drum, and the rotation of the tractor and car tires drives the drum to rotate. The drum is installed with a disc-type permanent magnet loading motor, so as to load the tractor and car. The chassis dynamometer has also become the main way to realize the comprehensive loading of tractors and cars.
[0003] The main problems faced by the comprehensive loading test benches on the market are: because the test conditions for tractor loading are low-speed and high-torque loading conditions, and the test conditions for automobile loading are high-speed and low-torque loading conditions, the two test conditions are very different. The drum motor characteristics of the test bench used for tractor testing are low-speed and high-torque, which cannot meet the high-speed and low-torque requirements of automobile testing; similarly, the drum motor of the test bench for automobile testing is high-speed and low-torque, which cannot meet the low-speed and high-torque requirements of tractor testing. Therefore, it is difficult to complete the loading test of tractors and automobiles on one test bench, which results in a waste of resources. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles, which can meet the test requirements of tractors and automobiles at the same time.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a comprehensive loading test bench for tractor and vehicle testing, including a test bench, a drum motor and a switching device, four drum motors are provided, corresponding to the four wheels of the test vehicle respectively, each drum motor is installed on the bracket of the test bench and is independently controlled by the corresponding controller; the drum motor includes a drum and multiple disc-type synchronous motors in the drum, a wiring space is provided on one side of the drum motor as the switching device, and all the wiring terminals of the disc-type synchronous motor in the drum are integrated in the switching device and connected to the power supply cable.
[0006] The beneficial effects are as follows: the switching device is arranged at one side of the drum motor and does not occupy the internal space of the drum, thereby ensuring that the power of the motor installed in the drum is maximized; when testing a test vehicle, the wiring method of the disc-type synchronous motor in the drum can be adjusted in the switching device, and the drum motor has a low-speed and high-torque characteristic when connected in series, and a high-speed and low-torque characteristic when connected in parallel, so that the drum motor can be used for testing tractors as well as for testing cars.
[0007] Four drum motors are arranged in the front and rear rows on the test bench, namely a left front drum motor, a right front drum motor, a left rear drum motor and a right rear drum motor; the central axes of the left front drum motor and the right front drum motor are coaxially arranged, and the central axes of the left rear drum motor and the right rear drum motor are coaxially arranged.
[0008] The beneficial effects are: the two front drum motors are coaxially arranged, and the two rear drum motors are coaxially arranged, which can better contact with the wheels of the test vehicle, ensuring the smooth progress of the test and the accuracy of the test results.
[0009] The front row of drum motors is slidably arranged on the test bench to adjust the distance between the front and rear row of drum motors, and the rear row of drum motors is fixedly arranged.
[0010] The beneficial effect is that the distance between the front and rear drum motors can be changed by adjusting the front drum motor forward and backward to adapt to test vehicles with different wheelbases, and only the front drum motor needs to be adjusted forward and backward to avoid the test bench structure being too complicated.
[0011] The front row of drum motors is arranged on a sliding bracket, and the sliding bracket slides back and forth along a horizontal track at the bottom of the test bench.
[0012] The beneficial effect is that the front drum motor is driven to slide forward and backward by the sliding bracket, the structure is simple and the operation is easy.
[0013] The drum motors in the front row share a sliding bracket.
[0014] The beneficial effect is that the left front drum motor and the right front drum motor of the front row are arranged on the same sliding bracket, and the sliding bracket drives the two drum motors to move synchronously, making it easier to keep the central axes of the two drum motors coaxial.
[0015] The front row of drum motors are separately arranged on a sliding bracket.
[0016] The beneficial effect is that the left front drum motor and the right front drum motor of the front row are respectively arranged on a sliding bracket, and the sliding of each sliding bracket is relatively independent. When the sliding displacement of the sliding bracket is equal, the coaxiality of the left front drum motor and the right front drum motor can also be maintained.
[0017] The drum motors in the rear row are slidably arranged forward and backward on the test bench to adjust the distance between the drum motors in the front and rear rows, and the drum motors in the front row are fixedly arranged.
[0018] Its beneficial effect is that as an alternative to the sliding adjustment of the front drum motor, the spacing between the front and rear drum motors can also be changed to adapt to test vehicles with different wheelbases.
[0019] The rear drum motor is arranged on a sliding bracket, and the sliding bracket slides forward and backward along a horizontal track at the bottom of the test bench.
[0020] The beneficial effect is that the front drum motor is driven to slide forward and backward by the sliding bracket, the structure is simple and the operation is easy.
[0021] The drum motors in the rear row share a sliding bracket.
[0022] The beneficial effect is that the rear left drum motor and the rear right drum motor are arranged on the same sliding bracket, and the sliding bracket drives the two drum motors to move synchronously, making it easier to keep the central axes of the two drum motors coaxial.
[0023] The drum motors in the rear row are separately arranged on a sliding bracket.
[0024] The beneficial effect is that the left rear drum motor and the right rear drum motor in the rear row are respectively arranged on a sliding bracket, and the sliding of each sliding bracket is relatively independent. When the sliding displacement of the sliding bracket is equal, the coaxiality of the left rear drum motor and the right rear drum motor can also be maintained.
[0025] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the utility model utilizes a drum motor and adjusts the winding connection mode of multiple disc synchronous motors in the drum motor through the provided switching device, so as to realize the switching of the drum motor between two working modes of high speed and small torque and low speed and large torque, thereby realizing the testing of tractors and automobiles on a loading test bench. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the rotary drum motor in the utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring method of the motor windings in series in the utility model;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring method of the motor windings in parallel in the utility model;
[0031] Markings in the figure: 1. test bench, 2. fixed bracket, 3. drum motor, 31. left front drum motor, 32. right front drum motor, 33. left rear drum motor, 34. right rear drum motor, 4. sliding bracket, 5. test vehicle, 6. switching device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model discloses a comprehensive loading test bench for testing tractors and automobiles, comprising a test bench 1, a drum motor 3 and a switching device 6. The test bench 1 is provided with four drum motors 3, which respectively correspond to the four wheels of the test vehicle 5. The rotation of the four drum motors 3 is independently controlled by the corresponding controllers without affecting each other, so as to meet the testing requirements of tractors and automobiles.
[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the four drum motors 3 in the test bench 1 are arranged front and back, two in the front and two in the back, respectively, the left front drum motor 31, the right front drum motor 32, the left rear drum motor 33 and the right rear drum motor 34. The central axes of the left front drum motor 31 and the right front drum motor 32 are coaxially arranged, and the central axes of the left rear drum motor 33 and the right rear drum motor 34 are coaxially arranged.
[0035] The left front drum motor 31 and the right front drum motor 32 of the front row can move forward and backward relative to the left rear drum motor 33 and the right rear drum motor 34 of the rear row ( Figure 2 The center distance of the front and rear drum motors 3 can be adjusted to meet the test requirements of vehicles with different wheelbases. Figure 1 As shown, the front drum motor 3 is mounted on a sliding bracket 4, and the sliding bracket 4 moves forward and backward along the horizontal track at the bottom of the test bench 1, driving the front drum motor 3 to move forward and backward. The rear drum motor 3 is mounted on a fixed bracket 2, and its position is fixed.
[0036] Specifically, the left front drum motor 31 and the right front drum motor 32 in the front row are respectively arranged on a sliding bracket 4, and the sliding of each sliding bracket 4 is relatively independent. When the sliding displacement of the sliding bracket 4 is equal, the left front drum motor 31 and the right front drum motor 32 can also be kept coaxial.
[0037] Alternatively, the left front drum motor 31 and the right front drum motor 32 of the front row are arranged on the same sliding bracket 4, and the sliding bracket 4 drives the two drum motors 3 to move synchronously, making it easier to keep the central axes of the two drum motors 3 coaxial.
[0038] The movement of the sliding bracket 4 can be achieved by a hydraulic cylinder, the piston of which is connected to the sliding bracket 4, and the sliding bracket is driven to move forward and backward by the extension and contraction of the piston.
[0039] This embodiment and Figure 2 The above is for the sliding arrangement of the two drum motors in the front row. In other embodiments, the two drum motors in the front row can also be fixed, and the two drum motors in the rear row can be arranged on the sliding bracket to achieve the front and rear position adjustment. The spacing between the front and rear drum motors can also be changed to meet the test requirements of vehicles with different wheelbases. In this case, the sliding bracket can be arranged in the manner of this embodiment.
[0040] During the test, the four wheels of the tractor are parked on the drums of the four drum motors 3 respectively to achieve the loading of the tractor's four-wheel drive. If the tractor is a two-wheel drive, only the rear wheels need to be parked on the drums of the drum motor 3. Similarly, when the car is a two-wheel drive, only the drive wheels need to be parked on two drums. If the car is a four-wheel drive, all four drive wheels need to be parked on the drums. This test bench is only applicable to vehicles below four-wheel drive, including four-wheel drive. Vehicles with more than four-wheel drive cannot be tested.
[0041] The drum of the drum motor 3 is provided with a plurality of disc-type synchronous motors, and the windings of the plurality of disc-type synchronous motors have two connection methods: series connection and parallel connection. When the drum motor is connected in series, it has a low-speed and high-torque characteristic, and when the drum motor is connected in parallel, it has a high-speed and low-torque characteristic. Thus, the drum motor can be used for testing tractors as well as for testing automobiles.
[0042] When the drum motor needs to work at a low speed, the disc synchronous motor windings are connected in series, which can control the maximum speed of the drum below 50km / h, which is particularly suitable for simulating the low-speed and high-traction working conditions of tractors and the low-speed and high-torque working conditions of heavy-loaded cars climbing. When the drum motor needs to work at a high speed, the disc synchronous motor windings are connected in parallel to reduce the motor back electromotive force, which can increase the maximum speed to 150km / h, meeting the high-speed test conditions of cars.
[0043] The winding connection of the disc synchronous motor can be realized by the switching device 6, which is a wiring space installed on one side of the drum, does not occupy the internal space of the drum, and ensures the maximization of the power of the motor installed in the drum. Figure 1 The display mode of the switching device indicates that the switching device is connected to each drum motor. All the wiring terminals of the disc synchronous motor in the drum are integrated inside the switching device, and the switching of the motor winding is achieved by manually adjusting the wiring terminals connected to the motor power supply cable.
[0044] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a total of 10 disc-type synchronous motors are arranged in the drum motor, which are defined as 1# motor, 2# motor, ... 10# motor respectively.
[0045] Taking the 1# motor as an example, in the parallel connection method, the U input, V input, and W input terminals of the 1# motor are directly connected to the U, V, and W cables of the power supply, and the U output, V output, and W output terminals of the 1# motor are connected through one cable. Other motors are connected to the power supply cable in the same way.
[0046] In the case of series connection, this embodiment divides 10 disc synchronous motors into two groups equally, and the groups are connected to the cables in parallel; the 5 disc synchronous motors in the group are connected in series, for example: the U input terminal of the 1# motor is connected to the U cable of the power supply, the U output terminal of the 1# motor is connected to the U input terminal of the 2# motor, the U output terminal of the 2# motor is connected to the U input terminal of the 3# motor, the U output terminal of the 3# motor is connected to the U input terminal of the 4# motor, and the U output terminal of the 4# motor is connected to the U input terminal of the 5# motor; similarly, the V terminals of the 5 motors are connected in series to the V cable of the power supply, and the W terminals are connected in series to the W cable; the U output, V output, and W output terminals of the 5# motor are connected by a cable. The wiring method of the 6-10# motors is the same as that of the 1-5# motors.
[0047] It is understandable that, according to the needs of the test, the 1-10# motors are no longer divided into two groups, but are all connected in series, so that the drum motor can obtain a lower speed.
[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents with reference to the above embodiments. Any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims.
Claims
1. A comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles, characterized in that: It includes a test bench, a drum motor and a switching device. There are four drum motors, which correspond to the four wheels of the test vehicle respectively. Each drum motor is installed on the bracket of the test bench and is independently controlled by a corresponding controller. The drum motor includes a drum and multiple disc-type synchronous motors in the drum. A wiring space is set on one side of the drum motor as the switching device. All wiring terminals of the disc-type synchronous motor in the drum are integrated in the switching device and connected to the power supply cable.
2. A comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four drum motors are arranged in the front and rear rows on the test bench, namely a left front drum motor, a right front drum motor, a left rear drum motor and a right rear drum motor; the central axes of the left front drum motor and the right front drum motor are coaxially arranged, and the central axes of the left rear drum motor and the right rear drum motor are coaxially arranged.
3. A comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front row of drum motors is slidably arranged forward and backward on the test bench to adjust the distance between the front and rear row of drum motors, and the rear row of drum motors is fixedly arranged.
4. A comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front row of drum motors is arranged on a sliding bracket, and the sliding bracket slides back and forth along a horizontal track at the bottom of the test bench.
5. A comprehensive loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drum motors in the front row share a sliding bracket.
6. The integrated loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front row of drum motors are separately arranged on a sliding bracket.
7. The integrated loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drum motors in the rear row are slidably arranged forward and backward on the test bench to adjust the distance between the drum motors in the front and rear rows, and the drum motors in the front row are fixedly arranged.
8. The integrated loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear drum motor is arranged on a sliding bracket, and the sliding bracket slides forward and backward along a horizontal track at the bottom of the test bench.
9. The integrated loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drum motors in the rear row share a sliding bracket.
10. The integrated loading test bench for tractors and automobiles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drum motors in the rear row are separately arranged on a sliding bracket.