Device for integrating soil moisture determination process

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of soil research equipment, and particularly discloses a device for integrally measuring a soil moisture process, which aims to overcome the defects of time and labor consumption caused by separate measurement of soil infiltration and evaporation in the prior art, and comprises a soil storage container, a rainfall simulation device, a soil water inlet and outlet device and a measuring device, the soil storage container comprises a double-ring structure, a containing cavity, a porous sealing device and a filter screen, the rainfall simulation device comprises a water supply device and a water spraying device, the water supply device is arranged beside the water spraying device, the water spraying device is arranged on the soil storage container, the soil water inlet and outlet device is arranged below the soil storage container, and the soil storage container is arranged on the measuring device. The device has multiple functions of water supply, rainfall simulation, soil infiltration characteristics, water diversion capacity, soil evaporation characteristics under the condition of natural or saturated water content and the like, the structure is simple, real-time and rapid measurement is realized, and the obtained test result can provide a theoretical basis for accurate calculation of soil infiltration and evaporation capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of soil research equipment, in particular to a device for integrating the process of measuring soil moisture. Background Art

[0002] Soil hydrological process refers to the movement and redistribution of water in the soil, mainly including infiltration, evaporation, leaching and leakage. A series of water processes are the key link between precipitation, surface evaporation, plant water use and groundwater recharge. They are also important carriers of water migration and nutrient cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. They are of great significance in evaluating the soil and water conservation and water conservation capacity of ecosystems.

[0003] Soil infiltration and evaporation are two important aspects of soil water migration. Soil infiltration often uses the double-ring infiltration instrument method. On the one hand, this method is laborious and water-consuming, inconvenient to operate in the field, and the surface soil structure is easily damaged; on the other hand, due to the water in the ring, the water head is unstable, and the reading error is large, resulting in unstable changes in the infiltration rate; the commonly used instrument for soil evaporation measurement is the lysimeter, but its structure is complex, the measurement is cumbersome, the cost is high, and it is impossible to manually set the rainfall intensity, and it is impossible to achieve rapid measurement under different textures and different water content starting conditions. Existing equipment often measures soil infiltration and evaporation separately, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and proposes a device for integrating the process of measuring soil moisture, which can simultaneously realize the rapid measurement of soil infiltration and soil evaporation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for integrated soil moisture measurement process, comprising: a soil storage container, the soil storage container is used to store soil experimental samples, comprises a double ring structure, a cavity, a porous sealing device and a filter screen, the filter screen is placed on the porous sealing device, a plurality of leaching holes are opened on the surface of the filter screen, the double ring structure is tightly connected to the soil storage container and cannot be separated for use;

[0007] A precipitation simulation device, which is used to simulate rainfall, and includes a water supply device and a water spray device, wherein the water supply device is arranged beside the water spray device, and the water spray device is placed on a soil storage container when in use, and the bottom of the water spray device is located on the outer wall of the inner ring of the double ring structure;

[0008] The water supply device adjusts the pressure by adjusting the height of the air inlet pipe to adjust the intensity of simulated precipitation.

[0009] A soil water inlet and outlet device, which is used to collect soil leaching solution and to measure the infiltration and leaching rate and the chemical properties of the leaching solution, and is placed below the soil storage container;

[0010] A measuring device, the measuring device is used to obtain soil sample weight data, and the soil storage container is arranged on the measuring device;

[0011] A lifting platform is used to adjust the height of a water supply device in a precipitation simulation device.

[0012] The lifting platform is a commonly used device in this field and is a well-known technology.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the utility model, the surface of the water supply device is provided with a scale, the top of the water spray device is provided with a sealing cover, the inside of the water spray device is provided with a needle sprayer and a porous spray device, and the surface of the porous spray device is provided with water holes.

[0014] The needle aperture size of the needle sprinkler in the water spraying device can be predetermined to achieve different rain intensities and raindrop type requirements; the surface of the porous spraying device is provided with water holes, and the porous spraying device corresponds to the soil storage container, that is, the two have the same area to ensure that the soil sample is fully covered by rainfall.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the utility model, the water spray device also includes a detachable water sprinkling device and a water sprinkling protective cover. The water sprinkling device is placed above the water sprinkling protective cover. The joint between the water sprinkling device and the water sprinkling protective cover is fixed with bolts. The water sprinkling protective cover has no cover seal on the top and bottom.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the utility model, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the water supply device, and the water outlet is connected to the water inlet at the top of the water spraying device through a connecting pipe. A first valve is arranged on the water outlet, and a second valve is arranged on the water inlet.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the utility model, a water inlet and a first exhaust port are provided on the top of the water supply device, an exhaust pipe is connected to the bottom of the first exhaust port, a second exhaust port is provided on the top of the sealing cover, and a third valve is provided on the second exhaust port.

[0018] When in use, each valve remains open.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the utility model, the measuring device includes a soil moisture data collector for realizing real-time measurement and automatic recording of data.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the utility model, the soil inlet and outlet water device includes a soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough and a shower solution storage device. The soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough is arranged below the soil storage container, and the shower solution storage device is arranged at the bottom of the soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] 1. It has many functions such as water supply, rainfall simulation, soil infiltration characteristics and water conductivity, soil evaporation characteristics under natural or saturated water content conditions, etc.

[0023] 2. Compared with the previous monitoring of soil infiltration and evaporation characteristics separately under disturbance conditions, it is possible to measure the hydrological migration and redistribution processes such as soil infiltration and evaporation under the same stable soil structure conditions.

[0024] 3. The structure is simple, and the precipitation intensity can be adjusted to meet different experimental needs. When measuring, precipitation is first implemented to the soil storage container through the precipitation simulation device. When the experimental requirements are met, the leached water is collected through the soil inlet and outlet device according to the experimental requirements; after the precipitation stops, the weight change of the soil storage container is measured by the weighing device to determine the evaporation process of the soil surface under the condition of natural moisture content, or the soil is connected to the Marsh flask to make the soil reach the saturated moisture content condition, and the weight change of the soil storage container is measured by the weighing device to determine the evaporation process of the soil surface under the condition of saturated moisture content, so as to realize real-time and rapid measurement. The test results obtained can provide a theoretical basis for accurately calculating the soil infiltration and evaporation capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for integrated soil moisture measurement process proposed by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a top view of the water spraying device in the precipitation simulation device proposed by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a front view of the soil storage container and the water inlet and outlet device proposed by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a front view of the soil storage container and measuring device proposed by the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 A top view of the soil storage container proposed by the utility model when it is not filled with soil;

[0030] Figure 6 A top view of the soil storage container provided by the utility model filled with soil;

[0031] Figure 7It is a front view of the water spraying device in the precipitation simulation device proposed by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a front view of the soil evaporation measuring device under the soil saturated water content state proposed by the utility model.

[0033] In the figure: 10, water supply device; 11, water injection port; 12, first exhaust port; 120, exhaust pipe; 13, scale; 14, first valve; 15, connecting pipe; 16, water outlet; 20, water spraying device; 200, water sprinkling device; 201, water sprinkling protection cover; 21, water inlet; 210, second valve; 22, second exhaust port; 220, third valve; 23, sealing cover; 24, needle sprinkler; 25, porous spraying device; 26, bolt; 27, water sprinkling hole; 30, soil storage container; 300, cavity; 31, soil; 32, porous sealing device; 320, filter screen; 321, leaching hole; 33, double ring structure; 40, measuring device; 50, soil inlet and outlet device; 501, soil inlet and outlet water collecting tank; 502, leaching solution storage device; 60, lifting platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 7 , a device for integrating the process of measuring soil moisture, comprising: a soil storage container 30, the soil storage container 30 is used to store an experimental sample of soil 31, and comprises a double ring structure 33, a cavity 300, a porous sealing device 32 and a filter 320, the filter 320 is placed on the porous sealing device 32, a plurality of leaching holes 321 are opened on the surface of the filter 320, and the double ring structure 33 is tightly connected with the soil storage container 30 and cannot be separated for use;

[0037] A cavity 300 is provided inside the soil storage container 30. When the soil storage container 30 performs evaporation measurement, the cavity 300 should be loaded with the soil 31 to be tested. The soil 31 can be an original soil sample, that is, a soil sample that maintains natural moisture content and natural structure; it can also be a soil sample collected in layers and then filled into the soil storage container 30 in layers; it can also be any other type of soil 31 to be tested, and this application is not limited in scope.

[0038] A precipitation simulation device, which is used to simulate rainfall, comprises a water supply device 10 and a water spray device 20. The water supply device 10 is arranged beside the water spray device 20. The water spray device 20 is placed on a soil storage container 30 when in use. The bottom of the water spray device 20 is located on the outer wall of the inner ring of the double ring structure 33.

[0039] A soil water inlet and outlet device 50, which is used to collect soil leaching solution and to measure the infiltration and leaching rate and the chemical properties of the leaching solution, and the soil water inlet and outlet device 50 is placed below the soil storage container 30;

[0040] The soil leaching solution collected by the soil water inlet and outlet device 50 is leached through the leaching holes 32 .

[0041] A measuring device 40, the measuring device 40 is used to obtain soil sample weight data, and the soil storage container 30 is arranged on the measuring device 40;

[0042] The lifting platform 60 is used to adjust the height of the water supply device 10 in the precipitation simulation device.

[0043] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment, a scale 13 is provided on the surface of the water supply device 10, a sealing cover 23 is provided on the top of the water spray device 20, a needle sprayer 24 and a porous spray device 25 are provided inside the water spray device 20, and water holes 27 are arranged on the surface of the porous spray device 25.

[0044] A bottom plate porous spray device 25 is provided at the bottom of the water spray device 20. The diameter of the porous spray device 25 is consistent with the inner diameter of the top sealing cover 23 and the soil storage container 30. The spray holes 27 can be placed with needle sprinklers 24. The distribution density of the spray holes 27 in the porous spray device 25 and the diameter of the needle sprinklers 24 can be set according to the experimental requirements, the material used, etc. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 The schematic diagram is only an example and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Please refer to the attached Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment, the water spray device 20 also includes a detachable water spray device 200 and a water spray protection cover 201. The water spray device 200 is placed above the water spray protection cover 201. The joint between the water spray device 200 and the water spray protection cover 201 is fixed with bolts 26. The water spray protection cover 201 has no cover seal on the top and bottom.

[0046] Please refer to the attached Figure 1In a preferred embodiment, a water outlet 16 is provided at the bottom of the water supply device 10, and the water outlet 16 is connected to the water inlet 21 at the top of the water spraying device 20 through a connecting pipe 15. A first valve 14 is provided on the water outlet 16, and a second valve 210 is provided on the water inlet 21.

[0047] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment, a water inlet 11 and a first exhaust port 12 are provided at the top of the water supply device 10, an exhaust pipe 120 is connected to the bottom of the first exhaust port 12, a second exhaust port 22 is provided at the top of the sealing cover 23, and a third valve 220 is provided on the second exhaust port 22.

[0048] The water supply device 10 is a sealed water storage container. The water inlet 11 is used to inject water into the water supply device 10. The exhaust pipe 120 extends into the water supply device 10 through the first exhaust port 12. The water outlet 16 is used to supply water from the water supply device 10 to the water spray device 20. The first valve 14 at the water outlet 16 controls the flow rate of water supplied from the water supply device 10 to the water spray device 20. The scale 13 on the outer wall of the water supply device 10 is used to measure the flow rate of water supplied from the water supply device 10 to the water spray device 20.

[0049] During the precipitation simulation, when the precipitation simulation experiment starts to take in water, the water inlet 21 starts to take in water, and the third valve 220 on the second exhaust port 22 remains open. When the water reaches a certain head, the third valve 220 is closed, and then remains closed during the simulated precipitation process.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring device 40 includes a soil moisture data collector to achieve real-time measurement and automatic recording of data.

[0051] Please refer to the attached Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, the soil inlet and outlet water device 50 includes a soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough 501 and a shower solution storage device 502. The soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough 501 is arranged below the soil storage container 30, and the shower solution storage device 502 is arranged at the bottom of the soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough 501.

[0052] The method of using the device for the integrated soil moisture determination process is as follows:

[0053] S1: The soil storage container 30 is filled with the soil 31 to be tested, the soil storage container 30 is placed on the measuring device 40, and the measuring device 40 is removed after recording the initial weight;

[0054] S2: Carry out precipitation simulation work, place the water supply device 10 on the lifting platform 60, connect the water supply device 10 and the water spraying device 20 through the connecting pipe 15, complete the assembly of the precipitation simulation device, place the water spraying device 20 on the soil storage container 30, place the soil water inlet and outlet device 50 under the soil storage container 30, open the first valve 14 and the second valve 210 of the water supply device 10 and the water spraying device 20 of the precipitation simulation device to start precipitation simulation, and stop watering when the water level in the exhaust pipe 120 in the water supply device 10 reaches the required height; move the precipitation simulation device from above the soil storage container 30, and move the soil water inlet and outlet device 50 from below the soil storage container 30 after no leached water flows out of the soil storage container 30;

[0055] S3: placing the measuring device 40 on the soil storage container 30 again to measure weight data;

[0056] S4: The water in the soil sample in the soil storage container 30 evaporates naturally, and the weight data is obtained by the measuring device 40. The soil evaporation amount can be obtained by calculating the weight data.

[0057] If there is a demand for precipitation frequency, steps S2-S3 can be repeated; if there is a demand for simulated precipitation, the scale 13 on the water supply device 10 can be observed during precipitation simulation, and watering can be stopped when the water level drops to the required position; during the precipitation simulation process, the time from the start of precipitation to the outflow of leached water is recorded to reflect the soil infiltration rate; by analyzing the physical and chemical properties of leached water, the chemical characteristics of soil element water can be reflected.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8 This embodiment provides a device for integrating the process of measuring soil moisture, which is used to quickly measure the evapotranspiration of soil 31 when the soil 31 reaches the saturated moisture content. Compared with the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the main differences of this embodiment are:

[0060] In this embodiment, the water supply device 10 in the precipitation simulation device is connected to the soil inlet and outlet water collection tank 501 through the connecting pipe 15, and the water is infiltrated into the soil 31 in the soil storage container 30 through the water supply device 10;

[0061] Before the infiltration process begins, the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 120 in the water supply device 10 and the upper soil level of the soil 31 in the soil storage container 30 are adjusted to the same level through the lifting platform 60;

[0062] When the water level in the exhaust pipe 120 and the height of the upper soil layer of the soil 31 are at the same level and remain stable, the infiltration process stops, and the soil 31 has reached the saturated water content state;

[0063] The soil inlet and outlet water collection trough 501 is removed, and the measuring device 40 is placed on the soil storage container 30 to measure the weight data. The weight change is measured every certain period of time, and the weight data is calculated to obtain the soil evaporation amount and its change process under the saturated water content state.

[0064] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0065] The utility model is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for integrated soil moisture measurement process, characterized in that: include: A soil storage container (30), the soil storage container (30) is used to store an experimental sample of soil (31), comprising a double ring structure (33), a cavity (300), a porous sealing device (32) and a filter (320), the filter (320) being placed on the porous sealing device (32), a plurality of leaching holes (321) being formed on the surface of the filter (320), the double ring structure (33) being tightly connected to the soil storage container (30) and being inseparable for use; A precipitation simulation device, the precipitation simulation device is used to simulate rainfall, comprising a water supply device (10) and a water spray device (20), the water supply device (10) is arranged beside the water spray device (20), the water spray device (20) is placed on a soil storage container (30) when in use, and the bottom of the water spray device (20) is located on the outer wall of the inner ring of the double ring structure (33); A soil water inlet and outlet device (50), the soil water inlet and outlet device (50) is used to collect soil leaching solution and to measure the infiltration and leaching rate and the chemical properties of the leaching solution, and the soil water inlet and outlet device (50) is placed below the soil storage container (30); A measuring device (40), the measuring device (40) being used to obtain soil sample weight data, the soil storage container (30) being arranged on the measuring device (40); A lifting platform (60) is used to adjust the height of a water supply device (10) in a precipitation simulation device.

2. The device for integrated soil moisture measurement process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the water supply device (10) is provided with a scale (13), the top of the water spray device (20) is provided with a sealing cover (23), the interior of the water spray device (20) is provided with a needle sprayer (24) and a multi-porous spray device (25), and the surface of the multi-porous spray device (25) is provided with water spray holes (27).

3. The device for integrated soil moisture measurement process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water spray device (20) further comprises a detachable water spray device (200) and a water spray protection cover (201); the water spray device (200) is placed above the water spray protection cover (201); the joint between the water spray device (200) and the water spray protection cover (201) is fixed by bolts (26); and the water spray protection cover (201) has no cover seal at the top and bottom.

4. The device for integrated soil moisture measurement process according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water outlet (16) is provided at the bottom of the water supply device (10), and the water outlet (16) is connected to a water inlet (21) at the top of the water spray device (20) via a connecting pipe (15). A first valve (14) is provided on the water outlet (16), and a second valve (210) is provided on the water inlet (21).

5. The device for integrated soil moisture measurement process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water supply device (10) is provided with a water injection port (11) and a first exhaust port (12) at the top, the first exhaust port (12) is connected to an exhaust pipe (120) at the bottom, the sealing cover (23) is provided with a second exhaust port (22) at the top, and the second exhaust port (22) is provided with a third valve (220).

6. The device for integrated soil moisture measurement process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring device (40) comprises a soil moisture data collector for realizing real-time measurement and automatic recording of data.

7. The device for integrated soil moisture measurement process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil inlet and outlet water device (50) comprises a soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough (501) and a shower solution storage device (502); the soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough (501) is arranged below the soil storage container (30); and the shower solution storage device (502) is arranged at the bottom of the soil inlet and outlet water collecting trough (501).

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