Switching power supply architecture
By introducing wide input range buck circuit and frequency adjustment technology into the switched power supply architecture, the heat accumulation problem caused by concentrated loss in the power supply is solved, and efficient heat dissipation and power supply efficiency are achieved. It is suitable for high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high-quality high Power density and fanless power supply applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421060359.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In the current switched power supply architecture, power loss is concentrated on the power correction circuit and resonant conversion circuit, resulting in waste heat accumulation, making it difficult to apply in fanless power supply.
A switched power supply architecture is designed that includes a power factor correction circuit, a resonant conversion circuit and a wide input range buck circuit. By adjusting the working frequency and mode, the loss is avoided excessive concentration on some circuits and the heat dissipation is achieved.
Effectively dispersed losses, suitable for high power density and fanless power supply, reducing heat dissipation needs and improving the efficiency and applicability of power supply.
Smart Images
Figure CN222301637U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model provides a switching power supply structure, in particular to a switching power supply structure in which waste heat is no longer concentrated on a specific circuit. Background Art
[0002] The current switching power supply architecture is disclosed in Taiwan patents such as TW201505348A, CN116885952A, and CN110504847A.
[0003] The current switching power supply architecture mainly includes a power factor correction circuit, a resonant conversion circuit and a step-down circuit. When the aforementioned switching power supply architecture is implemented, the power loss is mainly distributed in the power factor correction circuit and the resonant conversion circuit. The loss of the power factor correction circuit mainly occurs in the case of low voltage input and high voltage output. The purpose of the power factor correction circuit to maintain a high voltage output is to meet the output adjustment rate requirements of the resonant conversion circuit. The loss of the resonant conversion circuit is mainly caused by the transformer and synchronous rectification. To be more specific, the output voltage of the resonant conversion circuit is 12V. Once the back-end load demand increases, the current will increase significantly, and the secondary copper loss of the transformer will increase significantly.
[0004] As mentioned above, the current switching power supply architecture has losses concentrated in certain circuits, and waste heat is also accumulated in the aforementioned circuits, so the current switching power supply architecture is generally implemented with an active heat sink to dissipate heat, and is difficult to be used in a fanless power supply. Utility Model Content
[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem that the waste heat of the current switching power supply structure is concentrated on the power conversion circuit.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a switching power supply structure, which is connected to a power supply and supplies power to at least one load, and the switching power supply structure has an output power. The switching power supply structure includes a power factor correction circuit, a resonant conversion circuit and a wide input range buck circuit. The power factor correction circuit is connected to the power supply, and the power factor correction circuit adjusts a first output voltage provided to the subsequent stage based on the current output power. The resonant conversion circuit is the subsequent stage of the power factor correction circuit and receives the first output voltage. The resonant conversion circuit provides a second output voltage to the subsequent stage. The resonant conversion circuit performs feedback control with the second output voltage, and the resonant conversion circuit compares the second output voltage with a judgment voltage value. When the judgment voltage value is greater than the second output voltage, an operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is the same as a resonant frequency of the resonant conversion circuit. When the judgment voltage value is less than the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is greater than the resonant frequency, and the driving of the resonant conversion circuit is in a burst mode (Burst Mode). The wide input range buck circuit is the rear stage of the resonant conversion circuit and receives the second output voltage. The wide input range buck circuit is connected to the at least one load.
[0007] In one embodiment, the power factor correction circuit compares the output power with a comparison value. When the comparison value is greater than the output power, the power factor correction circuit makes the first output voltage greater than a peak value of an input voltage provided by the power supply. When the comparison value is less than the output power, the power factor correction circuit adjusts the first output voltage based on the current output power.
[0008] In one embodiment, when the comparison voltage value of the resonant conversion circuit is equal to the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is the same as the resonant frequency.
[0009] In one embodiment, when the comparison voltage value of the resonant conversion circuit is equal to the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is greater than the resonant frequency, and the driving of the resonant conversion circuit is in the stop mode.
[0010] In one embodiment, when the comparison voltage value of the resonant conversion circuit is equal to the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is between the resonant frequency and the highest operating frequency.
[0011] In one embodiment, the wide input range buck circuit has at least one third output voltage for providing the at least one load, and the at least one third output voltage ranges from 3.3V to 12V.
[0012] In one embodiment, the first output voltage ranges from 140V to 420V.
[0013] In one embodiment, the second output voltage ranges from 16V to 60V.
[0014] In one embodiment, the switching power supply architecture includes a first control circuit which is an auxiliary circuit of the resonant conversion circuit, a second control circuit which is an auxiliary circuit of the power factor correction circuit, and a signal isolator connecting the first control circuit and the second control circuit.
[0015] In one embodiment, the switching power supply architecture includes a flyback conversion circuit connected to the power factor correction circuit and receiving the first output voltage.
[0016] In one embodiment, the power factor correction circuit adjusts the first output voltage provided to the subsequent stage based on the input and the current output power.
[0017] Through the above implementation of the utility model, compared with the conventional ones, the utility model has the following characteristics: the power factor correction circuit, the resonant conversion circuit and the wide input range buck circuit of the utility model can adjust the operation according to the output light load or heavy load, avoiding excessive loss in part of the circuit, so that the loss is dispersed in each level of the circuit, achieving the purpose of heat dispersion, which is beneficial for application in a high power density power supply or a fanless power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the composition of the switching power supply architecture of the utility model.
[0019]
Explanation of symbols
[0020] 20: Switching power supply architecture
[0021] 21: Power factor correction circuit
[0022] 211: First output voltage
[0023] 212: Second control circuit
[0024] 22: Resonant conversion circuit
[0025] 221: Second output voltage
[0026] 222: First control circuit
[0027] 23: Wide input range buck circuit
[0028] 231: Third output voltage
[0029] 24: Flyback conversion circuit
[0030] 25: Signal isolator
[0031] 30: Power supply
[0032] 301: Input voltage
[0033] 31: Load DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The detailed description and technical content of the utility model are now described as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0035] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides a switching power supply architecture 20, which is intended to solve the problem that the conventional architecture generates waste heat concentrated on part of the main circuit during operation, which requires an active heat dissipation element to be used. The switching power supply architecture 20 of the utility model can be applied to a high power density power supply or a fanless power supply. The switching power supply architecture 20 is connected to a power supply 30 and supplies power to at least one load 31. The switching power supply architecture 20 has an output power, which refers to the total power currently output by the switching power supply architecture 20, not the power provided for a single load 31. The aforementioned power supply 30 is an alternating current, and the power supply 30 has an input voltage 301. In one embodiment, the input voltage 301 can be 90 volts to 264 volts.
[0036] The switching power supply architecture 20 includes a power factor correction circuit 21, a resonant conversion circuit 22, and a wide input range buck circuit 23. The power factor correction circuit 21 is connected to the power source 30. The power factor correction circuit 21 adjusts a first output voltage 211 provided to the subsequent stage based on the current output power. The output of the power factor correction circuit 21 is direct current. In one embodiment, the first output voltage ranges from 140 volts to 420 volts. In one embodiment, the power factor correction circuit 21 can also adjust the first output voltage 211 of the subsequent stage based on the input and the current output power. The front-end input is the input of the power factor correction circuit 21.
[0037] The resonant conversion circuit 22 is a post-stage circuit of the power factor correction circuit 21. The resonant conversion circuit 22 is an LLC resonant conversion circuit. The resonant conversion circuit 22 receives the first output voltage 211 and provides a second output voltage 221 to the post-stage circuit. The output of the resonant conversion circuit 22 is direct current. The resonant conversion circuit 22 performs feedback control with the second output voltage 221. The resonant conversion circuit 22 has a comparison voltage value. The comparison voltage value is generated by an auxiliary circuit of the resonant conversion circuit 22 based on design parameters. The auxiliary circuit is a part that drives the resonant conversion circuit 22 to work. It is hereinafter referred to as a first control circuit 222. In one embodiment, the first control circuit 222 can be implemented by an analog control chip or a digital control chip. The comparison voltage value is defined based on the overall design of the switching power supply architecture 20. In one embodiment, the comparison voltage value is 60 volts. As mentioned above, the resonant conversion circuit 22 compares the second output voltage 221 with the comparison voltage value. When the comparison voltage value is greater than the second output voltage 221, the resonant conversion circuit 22 is open-loop controlled so that an operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit 22 is the same as a resonant frequency (Fo) of the resonant conversion circuit 22, and the resonant conversion circuit 22 is implemented with the highest conversion efficiency. Moreover, the resonant frequency is generated based on the parameters when the resonant conversion circuit 22 is designed. On the other hand, when the comparison voltage value is less than the second output voltage 221, the resonant conversion circuit 22 is closed-loop controlled so that the operating frequency is greater than the resonant frequency. At the same time, the drive of the resonant conversion circuit 22 is in a burst mode (Burst Mode, the aforementioned burst mode can also be called a burst mode). The resonant conversion circuit 22 will improve the conversion efficiency under light load and stabilize the second output voltage 221. The resonant conversion circuit 22 of the utility model operates in a zero voltage switching (ZVS) mode under high load conditions. The second output voltage 221 of the resonant conversion circuit 22 varies within a range, which can effectively reduce an output current of the resonant conversion circuit 22 and reduce consumption and waste heat generation.
[0038] Continuing from the above, in one embodiment, when the second output voltage 221 is equal to the comparison voltage value, the resonant conversion circuit 22 is closed-loop controlled, the operating frequency is greater than the resonant frequency, and the drive of the resonant conversion circuit 22 is in the stop mode. The utility model is not implemented solely in the above manner. In another embodiment, when the second output voltage 221 is equal to the comparison voltage value, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit 22 is the same as the resonant frequency (Fo). In another embodiment, when the second output voltage 221 is equal to the comparison voltage value, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit 22 is between the resonant frequency and the highest operating frequency.
[0039] The wide input range buck circuit 23 is a post-stage circuit of the resonant conversion circuit 22, and the wide input range buck circuit 23 is connected to the at least one load 31. The wide input range buck circuit 23 receives the second output voltage 221, and after the wide input range buck circuit 23 bucks the second output voltage 221, provides at least one third output voltage 231, and the at least one third output voltage 231 is the output of the switching power supply architecture 20, and the output of the wide input range buck circuit 23 is direct current. The wide input range buck circuit 23 can design the voltage value of the at least one third output voltage 231 based on the ATX specification. In one embodiment, the range of the at least one third output voltage 231 is 3.3 volts to 12 volts. The input voltage range of the wide input range buck circuit 23 corresponds to the range of the second output voltage 221 of the resonant conversion circuit 22. In one embodiment, the range of the second output voltage 221 is 16 volts to 60 volts.
[0040] Please refer to Figure 1In one embodiment, the power factor correction circuit 21 has a comparison value for comparing the output power. The comparison value is defined based on the overall design of the switching power supply architecture 20 in the same manner as the comparison voltage value described in the previous paragraph. The comparison value can be 60% of the output power rating, that is, the comparison value serves as the boundary between the switching power supply architecture being under light load or heavy load. The comparison value is generated by an auxiliary circuit of the power factor correction circuit 21 based on design parameters. The auxiliary circuit is a part that controls the operation of the power factor correction circuit 21, and is hereinafter referred to as the second control circuit 212. In one embodiment, the second control circuit 212 can be implemented by a digital control chip. The comparison value can be defined by at least one execution program written into the digital control chip. The second control circuit 212 obtains the output power of the switching power supply architecture directly or indirectly. The power factor correction circuit 21 compares the output power with the comparison value. When the comparison value is greater than the output power, that is, the output power is less than 60% of the rated value of the output power, the power factor correction circuit 21 makes the first output voltage 211 greater than the peak value of the input voltage 301 provided by the power supply 30. More specifically, the power factor correction circuit 21 only makes the first output voltage 211 slightly greater than the peak value of the input voltage 301, for example, 7 to 10 volts greater. The peak value of the first output voltage 211 still needs to take the component withstand voltage into consideration. Through the above, the power factor correction circuit 21 can be maintained to effectively adjust the power factor and improve the conversion efficiency at the same time. The power factor correction circuit 21 can adjust the voltage value of the first output voltage 211 through the control of the second control circuit 212. On the other hand, when the comparison value is less than the output power, that is, when the output power is greater than 60% of the rated value of the output power, the power factor correction circuit 21 adjusts the first output voltage 211 based on the current output power. In this state, the voltage value of the first output voltage 211 still needs to ensure the implementation of a power-off holding time.
[0041] In one embodiment, the wide input range buck circuit 23 includes a dual phase three-level buck converter or a regulated hybrid switched capacitor converter in addition to a switched capacitor converter.
[0042] Please refer to Figure 1In one embodiment, the switching power supply architecture 20 includes a flyback conversion circuit 24 connected to the power factor correction circuit 21. The flyback conversion circuit 24 is mainly used to provide the standby power (VSB) required by the ATX specification. The flyback conversion circuit 24 receives the first output voltage 211 and performs power conversion. If the flyback conversion circuit 24 is not damaged, as long as the first output voltage 211 is obtained, the standby power will be provided. The standby power can be 5 volts or 12 volts according to the implementation.
[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 In one embodiment, the switching power supply architecture 20 includes a signal isolator 25 connecting the first control circuit 222 and the second control circuit 212. The signal isolator 25 serves as a repeater for signal transmission between the first control circuit 222 and the second control circuit 212. The implementation of the signal isolator 25 can simplify the wiring of the switching power supply architecture 20.
Claims
1. A switching power supply structure, connected to a power source and supplying power to at least one load, the switching power supply structure having an output power, the switching power supply structure is characterized by: a power factor correction circuit connected to the power supply, the power factor correction circuit adjusting a first output voltage provided to a subsequent stage based on the current output power; A resonant conversion circuit is a rear stage of the power factor correction circuit and receives the first output voltage. The resonant conversion circuit provides a second output voltage to the rear stage. The resonant conversion circuit performs feedback control with the second output voltage. The resonant conversion circuit compares the second output voltage with a comparison voltage value. When the comparison voltage value is greater than the second output voltage, an operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is the same as a resonant frequency of the resonant conversion circuit. When the comparison voltage value is less than the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is greater than the resonant frequency, and the driving of the resonant conversion circuit is in a stop mode; and A wide input range buck circuit is a rear stage of the resonant conversion circuit and receives the second output voltage. The wide input range buck circuit is connected to the at least one load.
2. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The power factor correction circuit compares the output power with a comparison value. When the comparison value is greater than the output power, the power factor correction circuit makes the first output voltage greater than the peak value of an input voltage provided by the power supply. When the comparison value is less than the output power, the power factor correction circuit adjusts the first output voltage based on the current output power.
3. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: When the comparison voltage value of the resonance conversion circuit is equal to the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonance conversion circuit is the same as the resonance frequency.
4. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: When the comparison voltage value of the resonant conversion circuit is equal to the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonant conversion circuit is greater than the resonant frequency, and the driving of the resonant conversion circuit is in the stop mode.
5. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: When the comparison voltage value of the resonance conversion circuit is equal to the second output voltage, the operating frequency of the resonance conversion circuit is between the resonance frequency and the highest operating frequency.
6. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The wide input range buck circuit has at least one third output voltage for providing the at least one load, and the at least one third output voltage ranges from 3.3V to 12V.
7. The switching power supply architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The first output voltage ranges from 140 volts to 420 volts.
8. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 7, wherein: The second output voltage ranges from 16V to 60V.
9. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 8, wherein: The switching power supply architecture includes a first control circuit which is an auxiliary circuit of the resonant conversion circuit, a second control circuit which is an auxiliary circuit of the power factor correction circuit, and a signal isolator which connects the first control circuit and the second control circuit.
10. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 9, wherein: The switching power supply architecture includes a flyback conversion circuit connected to the power factor correction circuit and receiving the first output voltage.
11. The switching power supply architecture as claimed in claim 10, wherein: The power factor correction circuit adjusts the first output voltage provided to the subsequent stage based on the input and the current output power.